JPS6013190B2 - music teaching equipment - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] In music education, melody, IJZ rhythm, harmony, etc. are basically taught.

Among these, melody is related to the pitch of the notes played, rhythm is related to the length of the notes, and harmony is related to the height of each tube in the chord section being played. 2. The present invention relates to an educational device for providing music education, particularly musical instrument performance education, for example, by using a VTR, recording performance instructions such as musical scores on the video signal track, and recording performance instructions such as musical scores on the video signal track, and recording the performance instructions such as musical scores on the video signal track. Record the content of the score in two codes on a track other than the track, project the score on the TV screen, have the student play the instrument, and check the difference between the content played by the student and the content of the score. It attempts to provide music education by detecting points and displaying errors. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this example, the present invention is used for teaching a keyboard instrument such as a piano, and a code is recorded by multiplexing it with an audio signal.

Figure i is an overall system diagram.

In the figure, 1 is a VTR, 2 is a television receiver, and this
The video signal and audio signal from the TRI are transmitted through an RF generator or directly coupled to the television receiver 2 to display a screen image and output audio. Then, an audio signal is extracted from the earphone jack of the television receiver 2 and supplied to the determination device 3. Further, 4 is a keyboard such as a piano, each key of this keyboard 4 is provided with a switch, and a signal from this switch is supplied to the determination device 3.

The result determined by the determination device 3 is then supplied to the display device 5 and displayed. To explain each part in more detail, first, the code signal recorded on the audio track of the magnetic tape loaded in the VTRI will be explained.

In this example, each note of the musical score is encoded into a total of i6 bits, 12 bits representing pitch and 4 bits representing length.

Then, this code signal has four frequencies, for example 4.5
, 5.5, 6.5, 7. It is frequency-multiplexed and recorded using z on the same day. That is, FIG. 2 shows the recording pattern on the tape, where the axes correspond to the four frequencies mentioned above, and the presence of a signal in each bit is indicated by "1", and the state of no signal is indicated by "0".

In Figure 2A, four frequencies are "1" at the same time.
A state 11 indicates the starting point of the code signal, and when this signal arrives at the reproducing head, the previously written code signal is erased by the determining device 3, and writing of a new code signal is started.

Thereafter, at the normal tape speed, for example, one bit of code is recorded for each of the four frequencies every t - 2.5 s, and at 4t = lows, a 16-bit code 12a to 12n corresponding to one note is recorded. is recorded. Furthermore, 4.
State 13 where the sphere ratio is “0” and other frequencies are “1”
indicates the end point of the code signal, and when this signal reaches the reproducing head, the determination device 3 stops writing the code signal. In addition, each 16-bit code 12a to 12n
The contents are as shown in Figure 2B, where the first 12 bits 14a represent the scale of one octave from "C" to "B#", and the latter 4 bits 14b represent the 16-weighted tones. The length of is expressed.

Therefore, each code 12a to 12n is
For example, chord 1 corresponds to each note 15a to 15n shown in
2a represents the quarter note 15a of “C”, and chord 1
2b represents the half note 15b of “E”, and chord 1
2n represents the eighth note 15n of the chord "C, E, G".

Note that in the case of a rest, all 12 bits 14a are set to "0". Further, a cue signal indicating the start and end of a performance, which will be described later, is recorded at a predetermined position after the chord end signal 13 described above.

Note that this code signal is 4.5 to 7. Since the audio signal is recorded in a spherical Hz audio signal band, ordinary commercially available VTRIs and television receivers 2 for reproducing it can be used.

Furthermore, if the length of the chord representing one note is lows, then even if one song consists of 324 sections and all the notes are eighth notes, the total length of the chord signal is 10×
There are 32×8 pieces and 2,560 desks, and the contents of all musical scores are written into the judgment circuit 3 in about 2.5 seconds and 4 minutes.

Therefore, writing of the contents of the musical score is completed in a short period of time before the lesson begins, so that appropriate sound effects such as instructions by the teacher's voice can be recorded on subsequent audio tracks. This code signal is supplied to the determination device 3 through the earphone jack of the television receiver 2.

On the other hand, the keyboard 4 is equipped with a switch for each of the 12 keys of one octave, such as on an electronic organ.
1'' signal is taken out, and the signals from these 12 switches are supplied to the determination device 3 in parallel. If the keyboard 4 is equipped with keys for two or more octaves, connect the switches of the keys representing the same note name in each octave in parallel, and integrate the signals into the 12 output terminals. be made into FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the determination device 3, in which the code signals supplied from the television receiver 2 to the input terminal 21 are passed through the amplifier 22 to 4.5, 5.5, respectively. Fu ○fu 7. It is supplied to band pass filters 23a to 23d of spherical Hz, and these filters 23a to 23d
The output signal of filter 23d is supplied to parallel input terminals D, ~D4 of a 4-bit shift register 24 for parallel-to-serial conversion, and the output signals of filters 23a to 23d are supplied to decoder 25, and all of these are 1'', a start signal Ss is generated.

This signal Ss is supplied to the clear terminal C of the shift register 24, and the contents of the register 24 are temporarily erased.
This signal Ss is supplied to the synchronous oscillator 26 and the start signal 1
A pulse signal P, every 2.5 ws, synchronized with 1 (see FIG. 2) is formed. This pulse signal P, is the register 2
The pulse signal P is supplied to the write control terminal W of 4, and is also supplied to the synchronous oscillator 27 so that the frequency of the pulse signal P is approximately 4.
A pulse signal P2 of twice the frequency is formed, and this pulse signal P2 is supplied to the read control terminal R of the register 24. Therefore, a frequency multiplexed 4-bit code signal is written in the register 24, and this is taken out to the serial output terminal 0 as a serial pulse train signal. This pulse train signal is supplied to the serial input terminal 1 of a 16-bit shift register 28 for serial-to-parallel conversion, and the pulse signal P2 from the oscillator 27 is supplied to the write control terminal W of the register 28.

Therefore, in the register 28, the contents of the register 24 are sequentially written, and when this is rewritten four times, the 16 bits of the code 12a representing the first note 15a are written into the register 28. The signal obtained at the parallel output terminal of this register 28 is supplied to the data input terminal 1 of the storage device 29. Furthermore, the pulse signal P, is supplied to the 1/4 frequency dividing circuit 30 to form a pulse signal P3 corresponding to the completion of writing the 16-bit code number to the register 28, and this pulse signal P3 is input to the register 28. V is supplied to the read control terminal R and the write control terminal W of the storage device 29 . Further, the pulse signal P3 is supplied to the counter 31, and a signal that increases by 11 every time writing to the memory device 29 is obtained, and this signal is applied to the address terminal A of the memory device 29.
supplied to Note that the above-mentioned start signal Ss is supplied to the storage device 29 and the clear terminal C of the counter 31.
Further, OR in the figure is an OR circuit.

Therefore, the code 12a is written to the first address of the storage device 29, and by repeating this, the codes 15a to 15n of the notes 12a to 12n are sequentially written to predetermined addresses. And Phil Yu 2
When the output signal of 3a becomes "0" and the others become "1", this is detected by the decoder 25, an end signal SE is formed, and the oscillator 26 is stopped.

In this way, the content of the musical score to be used for the lesson is written into the storage device 29, for example, for 2.5 seconds before the lesson starts.

Next, when the class starts, the musical score is first displayed on the television receiver 2, then a signal to start playing is given on the screen or by voice, and at the same time a cue signal indicating the start of playing recorded on the audio track is sent. It is supplied to the determination device 3.

This cue signal is detected by the decoder 25 to form a play signal Sp indicating the start of the performance.

This play signal Sp is supplied to the clear terminal C of the counter 31 to clear the counter 31, and at the same time, this play signal Sp is supplied to the read control terminal R of the storage device 29. Then, the 4 bits 14b indicating the length of the note of code 12 in the storage device 29 are supplied to the decoder 32, and this decoded signal is supplied to the conversion circuit 33, which corresponds to the length of note 15 and converts the length of the note of the previous note. A timing signal St is formed which is located approximately at the central point in time. This timing signal St is applied to the read control terminal R of the storage device 29.
At the same time, the timing signal St and the above-mentioned play signal Sp are supplied to the input terminal 1 of the counter 31 through a short time delay circuit 34.

Further, the signal from the keyboard 4 is supplied to the sampling circuit 36 through the input terminals 35a to 351, and the above-mentioned timing signal S is supplied to the input terminal T of the sampling circuit 36.
t is supplied to V, the output signal of the sampling circuit 36 is supplied to the data input terminal 1 of the memory circuit 37, and the timing signal St is supplied to the write control terminal W. delay circuit 38
The output signal of the counter 39 is supplied to the address terminal A.

Note that the play signal Sp is supplied to the clear terminal C of the counter 39. Further, a start signal Ss is coupled to a clear terminal C of the storage device 37. Therefore, when the play signal Sp is formed, the length to be played of the note 15a written in the first address of the storage device 29 is detected, and the key being played by the student is detected by the corresponding timing signal St. and written to the first address of the storage device 37.

Then, shortly after the play signal Sp is formed, the counter 311 is incremented by 1, and at the time the timing signal St is formed, the length of the note 15b written in the next address of the storage device 29 is to be played. is detected, the key being played by the student is detected by the corresponding timing signal SL, and immediately after the previous timing signal St, the counter 39 displays ``11 has been added, so the next key in the storage device 37'' is detected. The key being played at this time is written into the address.In this way, the content played by the student on the keyboard is written into the memory device 37.

A signal from the data output terminal ◯ of the memory devices 29, 37 is supplied to the arithmetic circuit 40, and a signal from the arithmetic circuit 40 is supplied to the address terminal of the memory devices 29, 37.

Then, after the time required for the performance has elapsed from the cue signal indicating the start of the performance, a cue signal indicating the end of the performance is reproduced from the audio track and supplied to the determination device 3.

This cue signal is detected by the decoder 25, the performance ends, and a computation signal Sc indicating the start of computation is generated.

This calculation signal Sc is supplied to the calculation circuit 40 to judge the student's performance. The details of the determination will be explained below.

First, the contents of the same addresses in the storage devices 29 and 37 are sequentially read and compared, and the ratio a and Each ratio of the ratio b when the contents of the storage devices 29 and 37 do not match is detected.

Next, the content of the storage device 37 is compared with the content of the address before and after it in the storage device 29 for the address that does not match, and the percentage of matches with the previous address is c, and the percentage of matches with the next address is Each ratio of the ratio d and the ratio e that does not match either of them is detected.

Furthermore, if the address does not match, the storage device 2
9 is based on two or more keys (chord), the contents of the storage devices 29 and 37 are compared, and the contents of the storage device 37 are compared.
The proportion f when the content is insufficient and the proportion g when the content is plotted are detected.

Based on this detection, the performance is determined, and the result is supplied to the display device 5 and displayed.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a display panel of the display device 5, and 41 is a display panel showing the position of a bad measure, for example 3
2 lamps are lined up, and the lamp corresponding to the measure in which the confusion is detected in each of the above-mentioned determinations is lit.

Reference numeral 42 denotes a display panel that shows the judgment results regarding the melody. Based on the above-mentioned ratios a and e, for example, if the error ratios a and e are below a certain level, the main panel 42a is illuminated in green; If it is the case, it will be illuminated in red, and if it is in between, it will be illuminated in clear color. Further, if the ratio e is above a certain level, a sub-panel 42b that displays "There are differences"
is illuminated in red, and when the ratio a is above a certain level, the sub-panel 42c that displays "pass through" is illuminated in red. Further, 43 is a display panel showing judgment results regarding rhythm, 44 is a display panel showing judgment results regarding harmony, and the main panel 43a is illuminated based on the ratios c and d, respectively, in the same manner as the above-mentioned panel 42,
The sub-panel 43b is illuminated based on the ratio d, the sub-panel 43c is illuminated based on the ratio c, the main panel 44a is illuminated based on the ratios f and g, the sub-panel 44b is illuminated based on the ratio g, Sub panel 4 based on proportion f
4c is illuminated.

Further, numeral 45 is a display panel that shows the overall judgment result, and is illuminated in line, zen, and red colors as described above based on the average value of the ratios a to g.

In this way, various judgment results regarding the student's performance are displayed on the display panel 5.

As described above, according to the educational device according to the present invention, when the student's performance is finished, the performance is automatically judged and the result is displayed on the display device 5.

Therefore, students can objectively grasp their own abilities, which enables them to study effectively, especially when they are studying on their own. In addition, since the content of the judgment covers the basic parts of music education such as melody, rhythm, and harmony, students can easily understand their own plans and know the points accurately.

Furthermore, commercially available VTRs 1 and television receivers 2 can be used, and the determination device 3, keyboard 4, display device 5, etc. can be configured as an adapter, so the price of the adapter alone can be extremely low. Note that the code signal recorded on the magnetic tape is not limited to being recorded on the audio track, but may be on a track other than the video signal track such as a CTL track.

Further, without performing frequency multiplexing as described above, it may be recorded as a serial pulse train signal at a single frequency.

Furthermore, if this single frequency is outside the audible range or recorded on a track other than the audio track as described above,
The code signals may not be written all at once, but may be written sequentially in accordance with the performance.

In this case, the reproduced code signal is directly fed to the decoder 32 to form the timing signal St. Further, if the determination is made every time the timing signal St is formed, the storage device 37 may not be provided. In addition, the input of the performance content from the student is not limited to the above-mentioned keyboard with a switch 4, but it is also possible to collect the sound from the performance and frequency analyze it to detect the pitch. Input can be performed using general instruments other than musical instruments or human voice.

Further, the display may be converted into a television signal using a character generator or the like and displayed on the television receiver 2.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing the overall configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of a code signal according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an example of the determination device of the present invention, and FIG. The figure is a diagram showing an example of a display device of the present invention. 1 is a VTR, 2 is a television receiver, 3 is a determination device, 4 is a keyboard, and 5 is a display plate. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A recording medium in which an image indicating the performance content to be performed is recorded on a video signal track, and a code signal encoding the performance content to be performed is recorded on a recording track other than the video signal track; The apparatus includes a storage device that reproduces and stores the code signal from a recording medium, and a detection device that detects the content of the performance performed by the student, and samples the performance content performed by the student at an arbitrary timing. The music education device compares the content with the content stored in the storage device to determine the content of the performance performed by the student, and displays the content based on the determination result.