JPS60129313A - Wave spending device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a construction cost and facilitate construction, by a method wherein air bags, changing in volume, are attached to pneumatic caisson, the one end of a flexible hose is connected to the air bag, and an on-off valve, floating on the surface by means of a float, is mounted to the other end thereof. CONSTITUTION:Air bag groups 31, 32 and 33 are moored in water by means of anchors 40 and 41. A flexible hose 56 is extended up to the surface from a pneumatic caisson 34 of the air bag group 31, and an on-off valve 57 and a float 58 are mounted to the forward end, positioned on the surface, of the hose. When a wave height in the sea area is increased to higher than a given value, the on-off valve 57 is opened, the air in the air bag group is exhausted in the open air, and a wave spending device, losing buoyancy, is sunk to the bottom of the sea. This enables the device to be used even in the open sea having a violent sea weather, and causes the device to be prevented from damage due to impact produced by waves.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a device for attenuating and dissipating wave energy through the deformation motion of a group of air bags installed in water.

Conventional sea wave dissipating devices include structures such as breakwaters, submerged levees, and seawalls, and in rare cases, air breakwaters. These were built for the purpose of reflecting or extinguishing the energy of the waves to obtain a calm place, or to prevent the destructive effects of waves, and as semi-permanent structures, the construction costs were extremely high. It is a piece of equipment that requires construction, and cannot be easily moved or removed after construction.

The wave dissipating device described here eliminates the drawbacks of conventional methods using an extremely simple principle and structure, and can eliminate waves by simply installing air bags in the sea or on the seabed and connecting them with appropriate pipes. The system provides a wave-dissipating device that has the function of blocking waves from proceeding, and uses a completely different principle from conventional wave-dissipating devices, making the device invisible above the sea surface and at extremely low cost. It is a unique wave dissipating device that can be easily constructed with a wedge.

To explain the principle of this wave dissipating device, Figure 1 is a side view showing how the crests and troughs of waves are lined up in the direction of wave propagation. Suppose you are. At this time, let the water depth be h, and the water bottom surface be O') l'. At two points A and B, which are about μ of the wavelength of the wave, that is, about V2, are placed on the water bottom surface a flexible, flexible material of an appropriate size. A flexible, breathable area separated from outside water by a non-water permeable cloth or membrane (hereinafter referred to as the fluid chamber)
1 and 2 as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 1 when there are no waves. It is assumed that the fluid chambers are in a somewhat compressed state as in , and in the case of , both fluid chambers 1 and 2 have approximately the same size.

At this time, the pressure of the working fluid in both fluid chambers is the same and equal to the hydrostatic pressure Pgh at the water depth (where p is the density of the external water and g is the acceleration of gravity). And the working fluid is stationary.

Here, as shown in Figure 1, when an ox force direction wave advances from the left side of the figure and the crest of the wave reaches the position of point A, the wave reaches point B, which is to the right by L/2. There will be a valley. In this case, the pressure p of water around the outside of the left fluid chamber 1 at the forest point A.

is larger than the pressure when there is no wave by ∆p p1 = pgh
It is expressed as +Δp. On the other hand, the pressure p2 of the water around the outside of the right fluid chamber 2 at point B is smaller by Δp than the pressure when there are no waves, and is expressed as p2=ρgh−Δp. Therefore, if we connect the left and right fluid chambers with a vent pipe 5.5 to allow the working fluid to flow in both fluid chambers, the working fluid will flow inside the pipe 5 due to the pressure difference 2·Δp at both ends. occurs, and the fluid chamber 1 on the left contracts and takes the shape of 3,
The fluid chamber 2 in the position expands by the same amount to take the shape of 4. In this way, a volume of working fluid equal to the difference in shape between 1 and 3 in the left fluid chamber or the difference in shape between 2 and 4 in the right fluid chamber passes through the pipe 5 from left to right as shown by the arrow. It will be fluid.

Figure 2, like Figure 1, shows the state when only half a period, that is, half the period of the wave has elapsed; point A is the trough of the wave, and point B is the crest of the wave. will be located. The pressure of the water around the outside of fluid chamber 1 on the left is lower when there are no waves, and conversely, the pressure of the water around the outside of fluid chamber 2 on the right is lower when there are no waves.・Since it is higher than , the right fluid chamber 2 contracts in the opposite shape to that in Figure 1,
Left fluid chamber 1. expands, and the working fluid flows from □right' to left as shown by the arrow in the figure.

As mentioned above, the points installed in the water at intervals of about A of the wavelength of the waves.
As the waves pass, the working fluid in the paired fluid chambers increases to 1
The reciprocating flow is repeated every cycle. In other words, the energy possessed by the waves, that is, the kinetic energy and potential energy of the water, is converted into the energy of the flow of the working fluid by using the fluid chamber, which is isolated from the outside water by a flexible cloth or membrane, as an energy exchanger. It means that it was done.

However, if things continue as they are, the sum of the energy of the waves and the energy of the working fluid in the energy exchanger will not change, just because the form of the energy of the waves has changed, so the waves will not attenuate. There is no wave-dissipating effect.

Therefore, if a resistance chamber 6 against the flow is provided in the ventilation pipe 5 and energy loss is generated in this chamber, the energy of the waves will be dissipated through the energy exchanger, resulting in the phenomenon of wave attenuation, or wave dissipation. will occur.

As explained above, conventional wave breakers directly convert the motion of water accompanying waves into eddy motion or turbulent motion.
In contrast, the present invention is characterized by: an energy exchanger with a suitable working fluid is provided in the water where the wave movement occurs, and the wave movement induced by the wave movement is dissipated. By using an indirect method of converting the energy of the working fluid flow and dissipating this energy, for example in a resistance chamber, it can be installed at a very low level and is simple and easy to construct, move, and dismantle. Furthermore, it is a wave-dissipating device with an excellent wave-dissipating effect.

However, when this wave-dissipating device is exposed to large waves, such as during a storm, a large horizontal force may be applied to the wave-dissipating device even though the device is moored underwater. Producing wave-dissipating devices, mooring devices, mooring lines, anchors, etc. that can structurally withstand these forces requires a great deal of cost and cannot be called economical. If the wave height exceeds a certain value, for example, 1.5 to 2 times the wave height of the wave to be dissipated by the wave dissipating device (hereinafter this value will be referred to as 14a), the air in the air bag will be removed. If the buoyancy of the wave dissipating device is reduced and the entire wave dissipating device is temporarily sunk to the seabed to reduce the impact caused by waves, the construction cost of the wave dissipating device can be reduced, making it more economical than conventional breakwaters. Become.

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned purpose, and its configuration is that a plurality of air bags, which are installed under the water surface and whose volume changes due to pressure changes due to wave height, are attached to a submersible in a single or multiple rows. An air bag group is formed, and the air bag groups are arranged perpendicularly to the direction of wave propagation, and the air bag groups are arranged in multiple rows at regular intervals, and the casings of each adjacent air bag group are connected by ventilation pipes. In the wave dissipating device, one end of a stretchable hose is connected to the ventilation part communicating with the air bag, and the other end of the hose is provided with an opening/closing valve, and the opening/closing pulp is floated on the water surface using a float. This is a wave dissipating device configured as shown in Fig. 3 (g) and (
B).

(Indicated at O.

In the third drawing, the air bag groups 31, 32, 33 are attached to the anchor 4.
0 and 41 are moored in high water. Reference numeral 56 denotes an extendable hose raised above the water surface from the submersible box 34 of the air bag group 31, and an openable pulp 5 is attached to the tip above the water surface.
7 and a float 58 are attached and the opening/closing pulp 5
7 always floats on the water surface, and since this valve is normally closed, no seawater can enter the wave dissipating device.

Here, the wave height in this sea area is a certain size (Ha)
If this happens, the on-off valve 57 is opened, for example, by a worker on the support ship or by remote control. Then, due to water pressure, the air in the air bags of each air bag group passes through the tube to the hose 5.
6, the pulp 57 is discharged into the atmosphere. As a result, the wave dissipating device loses its buoyancy and sinks into the seabed as shown in Figure 3 (B). The horizontal force caused by waves decreases from the water surface toward the seabed, and the horizontal force at the seabed is very small compared to the water surface.If you let it sink to the seabed, it can be used as a wave-dissipating device by strong wave forces during storms. is likely to be damaged forever. After the sea area has become calm, air is supplied to the support vessel through the hose 56 as shown in Fig. 3 (C), and at the same time, air is supplied through the drainage hose 60 connected to the valve 59 installed in the ventilation pipe, for example. While removing the ice from the seawater that has accumulated inside the device, the wave dissipating device will be reinstalled in its designated position.

As described above, unlike conventional floating breakwaters, the device can be easily operated, so it can be used even in the open ocean with severe sea conditions, and the device will not be damaged by impact from waves or the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams explaining the principle of the wave dissipating device, and Figure 3 (A).
, (13) and (C) are side views showing the effect of the embodiment of the present invention. 11...Air bag 31, 32.33...Air bag group 3
4... Submerged box 40.41... Anchor 56... Hose 57... Opening/closing pulp 58...> Funnel 59.
...Valve 60... Hose Applicant Takeshi Ijima Applicant Masa Oki Japanese style attorney Patent attorney Yujibe Taka・'几-゛・・・、1
;- Procedural auxiliary device (spontaneous) February 20, 1982 Patent Application No. zmt2ex No. 2, Title of invention Wave-dissipating device 3, Relationship to the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address Imajuku, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City 979 Aoki Name
Takeshi Ijima (and 1 other person) 4, Agent 〒1
03 6. Number of inventions increased by amendment 7, subject of amendment 8, content of amendment (1) The scope of claims in the specification will be corrected in the attached document. (2) In the specification of the present application, the following sections are corrected as follows. Page Line Before correction After correction -11-■■--1--1111■■17 17 Subbox air chamber 7 20 Subbox air chamber 8 10 Subbox air chamber 9 1 Subbox air chamber 10 3 Subbox air chamber 10 3 Anchor Anchor (attached sheet) Claims (1) A plurality of air bags installed under the water surface whose volume changes due to pressure changes due to wave height are installed in an air chamber in a single or multiple rows. The air bags are attached to form an air bag group, and the air bag groups are installed perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, and the air bag groups are arranged in multiple rows at regular intervals, and the air chambers of each adjacent air bag group are connected by ventilation pipes. In the connected wave dissipating device, one end of a stretchable hose is connected to a vent communicating with the air bag, and the other end of the hose is provided with an opening/closing pulp, and the opening/closing valve float floats above the water surface. A wave dissipating device configured as follows.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of air bags, which are installed under the water surface and whose volume changes depending on wave height and pressure changes, are attached to a submarine box in a single or multiple rows to form an air bag group. The wave dissipating device is constructed by arranging air bag groups in multiple □ rows at regular intervals, with the manufacturing rows perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, and connecting the boxes of each adjacent air bag group through ventilation pipes. One end of a stretchable hose is connected to a vent communicating with the air bag, and the other end of the hose is provided with an opening/closing valve, and the opening/closing valve is floated above the water surface by means of a float. Wave dissipation □ device.