JP2019157472A - Tsunami inhibition method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a system to absorb tsunami's energy by: installing a rigid box on the seabed; enclosing air inside the box; keeping a large number of flexible tubes laid in a folded condition; injecting air into the aforesaid tubes for them to stand up towards the sea surface at an abnormal case when a tsunami is expected to hit; and finally allowing the standing tubes to flag.SOLUTION: In a tsunami inhibition method and device in this invention, a box 1 installed on the seabed is injected with air, a large number of flexible tubes 14 are flatly folded and stored in the box 1, and an annular fixing part 31 of the tube 14 is annularly fixed to a mouth ring 12 formed on the upper surface of the aforesaid box 1. At an abnormal time when a tsunami is expected to hit, the aforesaid tube 14 is reversed at the annular fixing part of the tube 14 with the air pressure from the inside of the aforesaid box 1 so that the inside of the tube becomes the outside, and is fed into the reversed part 26 through the outer part 27 of the aforesaid tube 14 that is the reversed tube 14, and the tube 14 is reversed throughout its length with its tip protruding above the sea surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for suppressing a tsunami caused by a large earthquake and preventing the tsunami from causing irreparable damage to a large city or an important facility such as a nuclear reactor / oil complex. It is.

  In the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011, a great earthquake of magnitude 9 occurred, and the accompanying tsunami caused severe damage to nuclear power plants and oil complexes on the Pacific coast of the Tohoku region. It was.

  In the near future, the occurrence of a huge earthquake with the Nankai Trough as the epicenter is expected, and as a result, a severe tsunami is expected in the Pacific belt zone, and various breakwaters that prevent such tsunamis have been proposed. ing.

  For example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2013-60769 proposes a breakwater that stops the progress of the tsunami, but this type of breakwater cannot stop the progress of the tsunami, and this type of breakwater is swept away by the tsunami even in the Great East Japan Earthquake. It is.

  In addition, since the breakwater of the type shown in the above publication is basically a stationary type, if a harbor facility or the like is completely shielded by such a breakwater, a ship cannot enter or leave the harbor facility. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a gap that allows the ship to enter and leave the breakwater, and it is impossible to prevent a tsunami from entering the breakwater from the gap.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-348611 discloses that a large number of rigid steel pipes are placed upright on the seabed and buried, and in normal times they are buried on the seabed to allow navigation of the ship, tsunami In case of abnormalities, it is proposed that the pipe is stood up from the sea bottom by injecting air and protrudes above the sea surface to block the tsunami.

  However, with such a rigid pipe, it is impossible to receive enormous energy from the tsunami, and the pipe is destroyed by the tsunami, or seawater flows from between the pipes to reduce tsunami damage. I can't let you.

  In addition, this type of uplifting tsunami mitigation method requires an excavation of an offshore seabed with a certain depth of water over a depth greater than the length of the pipe. It is costly and time consuming and difficult to implement.

  In view of such circumstances, the applicant first accommodates the flexible cylinder in a flat folded state in a pressure vessel laid on the seabed, and attaches the rear end of the cylinder to a base formed on the pressure vessel. It is fixed in an annular shape, and when a tsunami attack is predicted, a fluid pressure is applied to the pressure vessel, and the cylinder body is inverted so that the inner side is the outside in the annular fixed portion of the cylinder by the fluid pressure. A tsunami is formed by feeding the cylindrical body through the outer part of the inverted cylindrical body into the inverted part, turning the cylindrical body over its entire length and projecting its tip over the sea surface, and installing a large number of the cylindrical bodies. A method for suppressing the above is proposed and applied for as Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-4305.

  However, in this method, it is necessary to provide a pressure vessel for each cylinder to be installed, and to install a pump for feeding the pressure fluid into the pressure vessel. Therefore, the apparatus is complicated and expensive. .

  Also, in order to invert the cylinder, it is necessary to send a pressure fluid from the outside into the pressure vessel that accommodates the cylinder. The pump for delivery cannot be moved, and the device itself may not function at all.

  Furthermore, in order to prepare for such a situation, a large number of backup power sources are provided for each pressure vessel, which further complicates the entire apparatus and further increases costs.

JP2013-60769A JP 2006-348611 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, in which a rigid box is installed on the seabed, air is enclosed in the box, and a large number of flexible cylinders are laid flat. In the event of an abnormal situation in which a tsunami is expected, the air in the box is pressed into the cylinder to stand up toward the sea surface, and the cylinder standing in this way bends to absorb tsunami energy. Methods and apparatus are provided.

  Thus, the invention of the tsunami suppression method of the present invention encloses air in a box placed on the seabed and accommodates a number of flexible cylinders in a flat folded state in the box. A rear end of the body is fixed in a ring shape to a base corresponding to the cylinder formed on the upper surface of the box, and the pressure of the cylinder is caused by the pressure of the air in the box in the event of an abnormal occurrence of a tsunami. The cylindrical body is inverted so that the inner side is the outer side at the annular fixed part, the cylindrical body is fed into the inverted part through the outer part of the inverted cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body is turned upside down to stand in the sea. To do.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to introduce seawater into the box during the abnormality. Also, let the bottom of the box communicate with the surrounding sea water, and keep it in the box so that the cylinder does not turn over at all times. It is preferable to make it progress.

  Further, in the present invention, the cylinder is wound around a reel installed in the box, and the cylinder is turned over in the feeding direction by locking the rotation of the cylinder in the feeding direction, so that the inside of the cylinder is prevented from being turned inside the box. It is preferable to allow the cylinder to turn over by releasing the lock by an external operation.

  Further, the front end of the cylindrical body is closed, and the towing line having the same length as that of the cylindrical body connected to the front end is connected to the reel, and after the cylindrical body is turned over, the towing line is pulled from the box body. It is preferable to recover by this.

  In the present invention, the cylindrical body is preferably formed by forming a flexible rubber or synthetic resin film on the outer surface of a cylindrical woven fabric in which fibers are woven into a cylindrical shape. Furthermore, in this invention, it is preferable that the diameter of the said cylinder is 0.6-5m.

  In the tsunami suppression device of the present invention, a large number of bases that open upward are provided on the upper surface of a box placed on the seabed, and a number of flexible cylinders corresponding to the number of the bases are flattened in the box. In a folded state, it is wound and accommodated on a reel, the rear ends of the cylinders are fixed to the corresponding bases in an annular shape, the rotation of the cylinder of the reels in the feeding direction is locked, and the lock is externally The box can be released by an operation, air is enclosed in the box, and the bottom of the box is allowed to communicate with the surrounding seawater.

  In the apparatus of the present invention, the tip end of the cylindrical body is closed, and the towing line having the same length as the cylindrical body connected to the leading end is connected to the reel, and the pulling rope is turned over after the cylindrical body is turned over. It is preferable to be able to recover by pulling from the box.

The installation condition of the box in this invention is shown, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is bb sectional drawing in (a). The tsunami suppression apparatus of this invention is shown, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is BB sectional drawing in (a). The center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which fixed the cylinder in this invention to the nozzle | cap | die. The center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which started the inversion of the cylinder in this invention. The bb sectional view in Drawing 2 (a) showing the state where the cylinder in the present invention was reversed over the full length. Drawing which shows the state where the tsunami attacked the state of FIG. The cylindrical body in this invention is shown, Comprising: (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a box 1 according to the present invention is installed on the seabed. The box 1 is embedded in the seabed at a position several hundred meters to several tens of kilometers away from the beach 2 of the sea. Yes. The depth of water at the position where the box 1 is embedded is suitably about 10 to 50 meters.

  Thus, the box 1 is enlarged and shown in FIG. The box 1 is made of steel or concrete, and is fixed to the seabed by concrete 3 surrounding it. In addition, since the box 1 encloses air inside as described later, it is necessary to be fixed to the seabed so as not to be lifted by the buoyancy of the air.

  A door 4 is provided on the side surface of the box body 1, and a diver enters and leaves the box body 1 from the door 4 through a passage 5 formed in the external concrete 3 facing the door 4. Can be done.

  The bottom of the box 1 is a double bottom, and a number of small holes 7 are formed in the upper stage 6. And the lower stage 8 of the double bottom is connected to seawater outside the concrete 3 through a water conduit 9.

  An air supply pipe 10 is connected to the upper portion of the box 1 via a valve 11. Air is supplied to the air supply pipe 10 from an external air supply pump (not shown). It can be sent into the box 1.

  Thus, a large number of bases 12 are provided on the upper surface of the box 1, reels 13 are provided in the box 1 corresponding to the bases 12, and the tip of the cylinder 14 wound around the reel 13. Is fixed to the base 12 in an annular shape.

As for the arrangement of the bases 12 in the box 1, the interval a in the row of the bases 12 is about 1 to 5 times the diameter of the cylindrical body 14 fixed to the bases 12, particularly preferably about 1 to 3 times. .
Further, the interval b between the rows of the caps 12 arranged in a plurality of stages from the beach 2 toward the offshore is about 1 to 10 times, particularly preferably about 1 to 5 times the diameter of the cylindrical body 14. Further, the number of stages of the base 12 is about 3 to 20 stages, particularly preferably about 5 to 10 stages.

  FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of a state in which the cylinder 14 wound around the single reel 13 is attached to the base 12. The cylindrical body 14 pulled out from the reel 13 is then folded back to the outside, and is clamped and fixed between the base 12 and the flanges 16 and 16 of the tubular body 15 attached to the tip of the base 12 to form an annular fixed portion. 31 is formed.

  Further, the distal end of the tube body 15 is covered with a rubber cap 17 so that foreign matter does not enter the tube body 15, and the cap 17 can be easily opened when the cylinder body 14 is pushed up from the inside of the tube body 15. It has become.

  A claw 18 is provided on the outer periphery of the reel 13. When the hook 19 is engaged with the claw 18, the reel 13 rotates in a direction in which the cylindrical body 14 wound around the reel 13 is drawn out. Is blocking.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the cylindrical body 14 is flexible on the outer surface of a cylindrical woven fabric 22 in which a plurality of warp threads 20 and weft threads 21 spirally woven with respect to the group of warp threads 20 are woven in a cylindrical shape. A film layer 23 made of a suitable rubber or synthetic resin is formed, and the diameter thereof is preferably about 0.6 to 5 m, particularly preferably about 1 to 2 m.

  Depending on the depth at which the cylinder 14 is installed, at a water depth of about 10 to 50 m, the cylinder 14 is likely to be broken by the wave force acting on the cylinder 14 when the diameter of the cylinder 14 is less than 0.6 m. In addition, it is difficult to manufacture a cylindrical body 14 having a diameter exceeding 5 m, which is flexible enough to be wound and can ensure pressure resistance, and is not appropriate in terms of cost.

  Thus, the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is assembled for all the caps 12 by the joint work of the diver who entered the box 1 from the door 4 and the diver working outside the box 1, and thereafter A diver in the box 1 goes out, closes the door 4, opens the valve 11, and feeds compressed air into the box 1 through the air supply pipe 10.

  As a result, the seawater 24 in the box body 1 is pushed out of the box body 1 through the water conduit 9, and the upper part in the box body 1 is filled with the air 25 sent from the air supply pipe 10. At this time, water pressure corresponding to the depth at which the box 1 is installed is applied to the box 1.

  An air pressure corresponding to a head pressure difference between the water surface of the seawater 24 in the box body 1 and the reversing portion 26 is applied to the reversing portion 26 of each cylindrical body 14, and the reversal is caused by the air pressure. The portion 26 is pushed upward, and the cylinder body 14 is pulled by the force, and the reel 13 tries to rotate in the clockwise direction in FIG. 3, and the rotational force is supported by the hook 19 being locked to the claw 18. It is done.

  Thus, in a normal time when there is no fear of tsunami attack, the reversing portion 26 of the cylindrical body 14 is pushed up by the air pressure in the box 1 in this way, and the claw 18 and the hook 19 are locked. The box 1 is balanced in a hermetically sealed state without any problems.

  Normal tides occur on the sea surface, and the water pressure at the position of the box 1 slightly fluctuates due to the tidal, but the fluctuation of the water pressure is absorbed by the seawater entering and leaving the box 1 through the water conduit 9. The balance will not be lost.

  Thus, when an earthquake occurs and a tsunami warning is issued and a large tsunami is predicted to occur, the hook 19 is rotated remotely from the land, and the hook 18 is locked. This releases the rotation of the reel 13.

  As a result, air pressure corresponding to the head pressure of the water surface of the seawater 24 in the box 1 and the height of the reversal portion 26 is applied to the reversal portions 26 of the respective cylinders 14. The reversing portion 26 is pushed upward, and the cylinder body 14 is pulled by the force to rotate the reel 13 in the clockwise direction in FIG. 3, and the reversing portion 26 advances in the tubular body 15, and FIG. The cap 17 is pushed open as shown in FIG.

  When the reversing portion 26 is pushed out into the sea, the cylindrical body 14 is rotated from the reel 13 by rotating the reel 13, and the cylindrical body 14 reaches the reversing portion 26 through the inside of the outer portion 27 that has already been turned over. The inverted portion 26 is turned over so that the inside is the outside, and the inverted portion 26 further advances in the sea.

  As the cylinder 14 is turned upside down, the inversion portion 26 travels in the sea, whereby the pressure in the box 1 is reduced. The reduced pressure is supplied to the outside of the box 1 through the water conduit 9. Seawater is introduced into the box 1 from the sea, and the inside of the box 1 does not run short and the cylinder 14 is not turned over.

  Thus, when the cylindrical body 14 is turned over over its entire length, as shown in FIG. 5, all the cylindrical bodies 14 stand upward from the base 12, and their tip portions protrude on the sea surface 28. At this time, since the pressure corresponding to the head pressure between the seawater 24 surface and the sea surface 28 in the box 1 is acting in the cylindrical body 14, the cylindrical body 14 is formed into a rigid rod-like shape due to its weight. There is no such thing as falling down.

  Further, the tip terminal 29 of the cylinder 14 is closed, and a tow rope 30 having the same length as the cylinder 14 is connected to the tip terminal 29, and the tow rope 30 is connected to the inside of the outer portion 27 of the cylinder 14. It is preferable to connect to the reel 13 through.

  In this way, after operating the device of the present invention in a test or the like, by pulling the tow rope 30 from inside the box 1, the cylinder 14 is reversed and wound around the reel 13. Can be recovered.

  Thus, when the tsunami hits the state shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical body 14 is swept away by the tsunami as shown in FIG. 6, but the cylindrical body 14 has a rigid rod shape as described above. Therefore, the elastic force when the cylindrical body 14 bends can absorb the energy of the tsunami and sufficiently suppress the momentum of the tsunami.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the tsunami energy is reduced by the plurality of flexible cylinders 14, so the influence of the tsunami cannot be completely eliminated, but when the tsunami reaches the coast 14. The power of the tsunami has been sufficiently reduced. Each cylindrical body 14 is bent by a tsunami, but unlike a tsunami that is blocked by rigidity such as a steel or concrete breakwater, it is not destroyed by a tsunami.

  When a tsunami occurs, the cylinder body 14 is turned over by the head pressure of the air sealed in the box 1, and the air pressure consumed by the turnover is compensated by replenishing seawater from the water conduit 9. Need not be inserted, and it is not necessary to provide a backup power source for the pump for inserting the pressure fluid, so that the apparatus can be prevented from being overly complicated.

  According to the present invention, the cylindrical body 14 is flexible and is normally folded in a flat state, and is further housed in the box body 1 while being wound around the reel 13. However, the height is low, and it is not necessary to dig deeply in the sea as in the above-described conventional example, and the installation cost and time are greatly reduced.

  Since the cylindrical body 14 is normally buried in the sea floor together with the box 1, the upper part thereof can be freely navigated by the ship and does not hinder the navigation of the ship unlike the conventional breakwater. .

  Thus, when a tsunami attack is predicted, fluid pressure is applied to the box 1 to raise the cylinder 14 as a rigid rod, and the cylinder 14 is bent to reduce the energy of the tsunami. And the damage of the tsunami can be suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Box body 3 Concrete 12 Base 13 Reel 14 Tubular body 22 Tubular woven fabric 23 Coating | film | coat 26 Inversion part 27 Outer part 29 End terminal 30 Tow rope 31 Ring fixed part

Claims (10)

Air is sealed in a box (1) installed on the seabed, and a large number of flexible cylinders (14) are accommodated in the box (1) in a flat folded state. ) The annular fixed portion (31) of the rear terminal is fixed in an annular shape to the base (12) corresponding to the cylindrical body (14) formed on the upper surface of the box (1), and the invasion of the tsunami is predicted. In the event of an abnormality, the cylinder (14) is inverted so that the inner side is the outer side at the annular fixed portion of the cylinder (14) by the pressure of the air in the box (1), and the cylinder (14) Tsunami suppression method, characterized in that the cylinder (14) is fed through the outer portion (27) of the inverted tube (14) into the inverted portion (26), and the cylinder (14) is turned upside down to stand in the sea. 2. The method of suppressing tsunami according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body (14) is turned upside down over its entire length so that the tip of the cylindrical body (14) protrudes above the sea surface. The method for suppressing tsunami according to claim 1 or 2, wherein seawater is introduced into the box (1) during the abnormality. While allowing the inside of the box (1) to communicate with the surrounding seawater, the cylinder (14) is normally held in the box (1) so that the cylinder (14) does not turn over. The method for suppressing a tsunami according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the flipping of the cylindrical body (14) is caused to proceed by releasing. The cylinder (14) is wound around a reel (13) installed in the box (1), and the cylinder (14) of the reel (13) is locked to rotate in the feed-out direction. The inside-out of the cylinder (14) is advanced by stopping the inside-out of the body (14) in the box (1) and releasing the lock by an external operation. Tsunami suppression method The front end (29) of the cylindrical body (14) is closed, and the pulling rope (30) having the same length as the cylindrical body (14) connected to the front end (29) is connected to the reel (13). The tsunami suppression method according to claim 5, wherein the tsunami is recovered by towing the tow rope (30) from inside the box (1) after the cylinder (14) is turned over. The cylindrical body (14) is formed by forming a flexible rubber or synthetic resin film (23) on the outer surface of a cylindrical woven fabric (22) in which fibers are woven into a cylindrical shape. The method for suppressing tsunami according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. The diameter of the said cylinder (14) is 0.6-5m, The tsunami suppression method of Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. A number of flexible cylinders corresponding to the number of the caps (12) are provided in the box (1) by providing a number of caps (12) opening upward on the upper surface of the box (1) installed on the seabed. (14) is folded into a flat shape and wound around a reel (13) to be accommodated, and the annular fixing portion (31) of the rear end of the cylindrical body (14) is annularly fixed to the corresponding base (12). In addition, the rotation of the reel (13) in the feeding direction of the cylinder (14) is locked and the lock can be released by an operation from outside, and air is sealed in the box (1). Tsunami suppression device characterized in that the bottom of the box (1) is connected to the surrounding seawater. The front end (29) of the cylindrical body (14) is closed, and the pulling rope (30) having the same length as the cylindrical body (14) connected to the front end (29) is connected to the reel (13). The tsunami suppression device according to claim 9, wherein the tsunami can be restored by pulling the tow rope (30) from inside the box (1) after the cylinder (14) is turned over.

Images