JPS598641B2 - heat cycle equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a thermal cycle device using waste heat, in which the positions of a boiler and a condenser are appropriately selected, and an eid pump is eliminated.

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram showing a conventional example of a heat cycle device utilizing waste heat.

In the figure, 1 is a boiler, 2 is a feed pump, and 3 is a boiler.
4 is a capacitor, 5 is a turbine, and 6 is a generator driven by the turbine 5.

T is a heat input pipe of the boiler, and 8 is a cooling water pipe of the condenser 4.

In this cycle, a fluid heated generally to 100 to 300° C. by waste heat, the sun, etc. is introduced from the heat input pipe γ of the boiler 1, and the fluid such as freon is heated and evaporated in the boiler 1.

This steam is guided to the turbine 5 where it does work.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the output of the turbine 5 rotates a generator 6 to obtain an electrical output.

The steam that has done work in the turbine 5 is led to a condenser 4, where it is liquefied, and then pressurized by a feed pump 2 and sent to a boiler 1.

In order to facilitate startup of this system, it is preferable that the system be driven by the electric motor 3 rather than by a turbine drive or the like.

In the waste heat cycle device illustrated in Figure 1, the temperature of the human heat source is low, the absolute temperature of the high heat source is Ti, the absolute temperature of the low heat source is To, and the temperature difference is ΔT. Since the maximum thermal efficiency ηmaxΔT is small, ηm
ax is extremely small.

Considering the start-up of this heat cycle equipment, feed pump 2
It is desirable that the drive unit be electric.

However, although it depends on the heat medium, the power required by the feed pump 2 is not a large proportion of the entire thermal cycle, and the thermal efficiency is not very good. The electric motor 3 that drives the motor 3 will consume it.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks of the conventional examples.As a result of calculating the low heat cycle of a high heat source, the power consumed by the feed pump is large. We considered how to cover this effect without using high-quality energy.

In order to achieve this objective, in the present invention, the positions of the boiler 1 and the condenser 4 are appropriately selected to provide a heat cycle device without the feed pump 2.

Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

In the figure, 11 is a boiler, 12 is a turbine, 13 is a generator, 14 is a condenser, 15 and 16 are feed tanks, 17 is a switching valve for switching the heat medium to the feed tanks 15 and 16, and 18 is from the feed tanks 15 and 16. A switching valve 19 is a four-way switching valve for switching and applying gas pressure to the feed tank Is, 16.

10 is an accumulator for reducing pressure fluctuations in the boiler 11.

Gas generated in the boiler 11 passes through an accumulator 10 and works in a turbine 12, and its output is taken out by a generator 13.

The exhaust gas from the turbine 12 is condensed and liquefied in a condenser 14 .

The liquefied heat medium is temporarily stored in the feed tank 15 or 16, and by the action of the switching valves 17, 18 and 19,
It is fed to the boiler 11.

The feed tanks 15 and 16 are installed at a lower location than the condenser 14, and the boiler 11 is also installed at a higher location.

With the above configuration, the heat medium liquefied by the condenser 14 is communicated with the feed tank 15 by the switching valve 11 in the state shown in FIG. 2, and is closed to the feed tank 16, so that it is stored in the feed tank 15. It will be done.

At this time, since the feed tank 15 is closed by the switching valve 19, the pressure inside the feed tank 15 is approximately equal to the pressure of the condenser 14, so that the feed tank 15 can be switched smoothly.
The medium is stored inside.

On the other hand, the other feed tank 16 has a switching valve 17.
It is disconnected from the condenser 14 and communicated with the boiler 11 through a switching valve 18.

And a switching valve 19 attached to the communication pipe with the boiler 11
is connected to the feed tank 16, the pressure inside the feed tank 16 is approximately equal to that of the boiler 11, and the head difference (water head) between the feed tank 16 and the boiler 11 allows the heating medium to be smoothly fed to the boiler 11.

When the liquid level in the feed tank 16 decreases due to the supply of heat medium, the heat medium is accumulated in the switching valve 17, the switching valve 18, the four-way switching valve 19, and the feed tank 16, and the feed tank 1
A heating medium is fed from the boiler 5 to the boiler 11.

By switching between the feed tank 15 and the feed tank 16 at such short intervals, it is possible to feed the boiler 11 with heat medium almost continuously.

As described above, the present invention provides a plurality of feed tanks 15.
16 is provided at an intermediate height between the condenser 14 and the boiler 11, and switching valves 1γ, 18 and 19 are provided to alternately connect and disconnect the condenser 14 internal pressure and the boiler 1.
The heating medium is almost continuously fed into the boiler 11 despite the large difference in internal pressure. This eliminates the need for a feed pump.

Generally, this feed pump cannot generate output from its own heat loop when starting up, so an electric type is used.

Therefore, the large amount of power consumed here is not required, and the efficiency of the thermal cycle is greatly improved.

On the other hand, the heat cycle device of the present invention consumes very little power at startup, and can self-start with just a small storage battery (accumulator) or backup power supply equipment, and can be used in isolated areas (for example, in remote areas) or It is extremely effective when used on ships.

In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, there are two feed tanks, but increasing the number of feed tanks to two or more will complicate the operation of the switching valve etc. can be done more rationally.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a pump is not provided between the condenser 14 and the feed tanks 15 and 16 or between the feed tanks 15 and 16 and the boiler 11, but a pump with a lower head than the pressure of the boiler 11 is heated. By using it for transferring the medium, it is possible to freely select the height positional relationship between the condenser 14, the feed tanks 15 and 16, and the boiler 11.

The transfer pump installed at this time is the original feed pump (
Although the purpose is different from 2) in FIG. 1, the power consumption is small due to the operation of the switching type feed tank, and the same operation and effect as the present invention can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram showing an example of a conventional heat cycle device utilizing waste heat, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an outline of a heat cycle device according to the present invention. 10...Accumulator, 11...Boiler, 12.
... Turbine, 13... Electric motor, 14... Capacitor, 15, 16... Feed tank, 17.18...
・Switching valve, 19...Four-way switching valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A boiler for heating and evaporating the medium, a power extraction device such as a turbine driven by steam from the boiler, and a condenser for condensing and liquefying the steam discharged from the power extraction device are connected in this order in a closed circuit by piping. A heat cycle device incorporating a plurality of feed tanks in parallel in a closed circuit between the condenser and the boiler, and switching the flow of medium from the condenser to one of the feed tanks. valve and
A heat cycle device comprising: a switching valve for supplying a medium from any of the feed tanks to the boiler; and a switching valve for switching and pressurizing the gas pressure of the boiler to any of the feed tanks.