JPS5956496A - Preparation of solid fuel from wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dispose of industrial wastes and urban refuses effectively and prepare solid fuel with a high calorific value, by picking up combustible wastes and blending them in proper amounts for solidification. CONSTITUTION:Industrial wastes and urban refuses are classified in a selector A. Combustible plastic material picked up from combustible wastes is fed into a hopper 11 in proper amounts through a hopper 1, a crusher 2, a burner and blower 3, a drier 4, a hopper 5, a hopper 7 and a mixer 9. Proper amounts of heat-fusible rubbers, heat-infusible rubbers <e.g. used tyre>, combustible woody substances and city refuses are fed into the hopper 11 through the same channel. The mixture is burned in a rotary kiln 13, passed through a forming machine 14 and a roller 15 and is cut in lengths in a cutter 16 to produce a solid fuel.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention deals with the treatment of combustible waste, such as industrial waste and municipal waste, which are currently being disposed of by local governments without any economic efficiency, such as incineration or burying in landfills. Using waste as the main raw material, these organic substances are pretreated for separation and sorting,
This relates to a method for producing waste solid fuel, which is blended in an appropriate ratio, solidified, and recycled as fuel.

Regarding conventional solid fuels or solid fuels currently under development,
At the same time, the following shortcomings and delays have been pointed out regarding the problem of garbage disposal, which has become a bottleneck for local government management.

Currently, there is a strong demand for the recycling of waste from all types of self-dissolved materials, and although many companies have attempted various demonstration tests, especially regarding the treatment of waste plastics, it is still not economically viable. At present, no treatment method has been found.

This invention was developed to meet the strong demand for solving this problem.

As is well known, conventional sawlight is nothing more than high-pressure molded sawdust, and it is difficult to ignite because it is sensitive to moisture.
If it gets wet with rainwater, it loses its shape and becomes unusable, has a relatively low calorific value, and has disadvantages such as the lack of raw material sawdust, which is difficult to obtain.

Parklite, which is currently being developed at the Kochi Industrial Research Institute, is a solid fuel made by mixing waste polyethylene into the bark of cedar and cypress trees.

Additionally, the Ehime Prefecture Fruit and Vegetables Association has developed mandarin orange pomace as a solid fuel, and combustion experiments are currently underway.

Next, at the Asahikawa General Iron Works Complex in Asahikawa, Hokkaido, president Katsuyoshi Takeuchi developed a solid fuel that uses tree bark as a raw material and solidifies it with the action of lignin contained in wood, all of which are excellent fuels. This should be praised, but these were developed because they are forestry and mandarin orange production areas, and in other consumption yarns and consumption cities,
At present, it is difficult to even obtain sawdust, which is the raw material for Ogarite.

However, solid fuels that are mainly made from specific raw materials are inevitably limited by the region in which they can be produced, and therefore there are limits to the amount of production, making them difficult to use as a means of wide-ranging resource recycling or waste treatment. , in view of the drawbacks such as the fact that it is of course impossible.

This invention eliminates the drawbacks and problems of conventional products, and satisfies the strong demand for recycling waste by effectively recycling it as a solid fuel and providing it at a low price. is the purpose.

The details will be explained below based on the system diagram. The collected waste will be recycled into plastics, old tires, rubber, etc.
Taking into consideration the calorific value and degree of combustion of wood-based materials, municipal waste, etc., pretreatment for separation and sorting is performed in the sorter (4) shown in FIG. 1.

The pretreated raw material is manufactured into a solid fuel according to the following steps.

As shown in Fig. 1, the plastic raw materials put into the hopper (1) are crushed into 5mm to 10m by the crusher (2).
It is crushed into pieces of about 1.5 m and sent to a dryer (4), where it is dried by hot air blown from a burner and a blower (8) and at the same time removes foreign substances, and is stored in a hopper (5).

The lower ends of the hoppers (5) (5A) (5B) (50) (5E) are all equipped with screw feeders (6) (6A), which are the same as the screw feeders (6E) shown in Figure 2.
(6B) Since (60) is installed, the raw material stored in the hopper (5) shown in Fig. 1 is sent to the hopper (7) at an appropriate mixing ratio by the operation of the screw feeder (6). .

Rubber that can be heated and melted is put into the hopper (IA) shown in Figure 1, and is crushed in a crusher (2 people) into pieces of about 5mm to IQrom, and then sent to the dryer (4A). Here, the material is dried by hot air blown from a burner and a blower (8A), and is stored in a hopper (5A) while simultaneously removing foreign substances.

The raw materials stored in the hopper (5A) are sent to the hopper (7) at an appropriate mixing ratio by the operation of the screw feeder (6A).

As shown in Figure 1, old tires that cannot be heated and melted are placed in the hopper (IB) and are crushed in the crusher (2B) and sent to the dryer (4B). While drying with hot air blown from the burner and blower (8B), foreign matter is also removed at the same time, and the hopper (5B)
to be stored.

The raw materials stored in the hopper (5B) are sent to the hopper (7) at an appropriate mixing ratio by the operation of the screw feeder (6B).

As shown in Fig. 1, the wood-based raw materials put into the hopper (IC) are pulverized by the pulverizer (2C) and then pulverized by the dryer (2C).
4C), here also the burner and blower (8C)
While drying with hot air blowing in, foreign matter is removed at the same time and stored in a hopper (5C).

The raw materials stored in the hopper (50) are sent to the hopper (7) # in an appropriate amount by the operation of the screw feeder (6C).

As shown in Figure 1, the municipal waste put into the hopper (IE) is crushed by the crusher (2E), sent to the dryer (4E), and blown by the burner and blower (8E). While drying with hot air, foreign matter is removed at the same time and stored in the hopper (5E).

The raw materials stored in the hopper (5E) are sent to the hopper (7y) at an appropriate mixing ratio by the operation of the screw feeder (6E).

In the hopper (7) shown in Figure 1, the hopper (5
) (5A) (5B '') are sent to the agitator (9) by proper operation of the screw conveyor (8).

In the hopper (7y) shown in Figure 1, the hopper (5y)
0) (5E) are sent to the agitator (9) by proper operation of the screw conveyor (8)'.

In the agitator (9) shown in Figure 1, the hopper (7)
The screw conveyor (10) shown in Figures 1 and 2 is attached to the lower end of the machine to evenly stir the different raw materials that are fed simultaneously from both the and (7)'.
By the operation of the hopper, the blended raw materials are transferred to the hopper (11)
is stored in

The raw material stored in the hopper (11) shown in FIG. 2 is constantly fed into the rotary kiln (18) in the amount required by the operation of the screw feeder (12).

In the rotary kiln (18), gas cylinders (17)
) from the gas pipe (18) to the gas burner (
19) The rotary kiln (1
3) Since the whole is heated, the raw materials are stirred and in the process of passing through the rotary kiln (1B), substances that can be heated and melted are melted, and the amount required by the molding machine (14) is fed. be.

In the molding machine (14) shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the raw material sent from the rotary kiln (18) is molded under high pressure and continuously extruded into a rod shape, which flows over rollers (15). Then, it is cut into a desired length by a cutting machine (16) to produce a finished product (20).

In this explanation, only the rod shape has been described, but the heat amount and shape can be molded to suit the demand and combustion appliance according to external requirements.

Next, I would like to add some points to keep in mind during the manufacturing process for reference: The heating temperature and the time required for melting are: If you constantly heat the product to about 200°C to 280°C, it can be melted in about 70 to 90 seconds. It is inevitable that differences will inevitably occur depending on the structure and capacity of the rotary kiln (18).

Plastic materials have low thermal conductivity, so it is necessary to avoid local heating and to heat while stirring evenly (7).There is a risk of ignition due to overheating, so please be careful in controlling the heating temperature. It takes.

An example of the blending ratio will be explained below.

Municipal garbage 40% Wood-based 10% Old tires and rubber 8
0% Plastic 20% However, the blending ratio of plastic materials shall be up to 25%.

An example of a combustion experiment will be explained below. Using water from the tap water, and looking at the example of a general household bath, in the summer, one 1000g solid is burned, thereby reaching a temperature that can be used for bathing. As a result of experiments, it was found that even in winter, by burning one 1500g piece, the temperature can be reached to the point where you can bathe in hot water.

As for the combustion time, it was confirmed that the combustion continued for about 40 minutes for 1000 g of individual pieces.

The above experimental results have been confirmed.

Regarding experimental examples, differences caused by geographical temperature differences, the structure of combustion appliances, etc. are unavoidable.

Since the solid fuel is made of heated and melted material that becomes an adhesive (8), there is no need for high-pressure molding like other solid fuels.
The cost savings are therefore obvious.

The calorific value is also 6050k when calculated using the blending ratio shown in the example, compared to Ogalite's 4oooo1ccai.
cal, which is approximately 1.5 times higher in calories than Ogalite.

During combustion, a large amount of oxygen is required, and if the required oxygen supply is sufficient, complete combustion will occur with no residue, no toxic gases, and no foul odor or black smoke.
It is ideal for home use, greenhouse horticulture, industrial use, and various business uses.

It is well known that when plastic materials, old tires, rubber, etc. are burned, extremely foul odors, black smoke, and toxic gases are generated. A feature of this fuel is that, by blending it in the right proportions and burning it, none of these things are generated.

A solution of a substance that dissolves when heated forms a film that adheres to other substances, making it resistant to moisture, retaining its shape even when wet with rainwater, and easily catching fire when wet. It has both.

Since all of the raw materials are waste, it can be provided at a low price as production costs are reduced, and as mentioned above, it is no exaggeration to say that it is highly effective as a fuel in all aspects. Not needed.

As explained above, the most urgent task for the government is to use limited resources more effectively, and the most important purpose of this invention is to use waste as fuel and utilize it effectively. be.

To reduce waste pollution, which continues to increase every year and is a hindrance to local government operations, to reduce waste disposal costs for each local government, and to utilize it as an alternative energy from the standpoint of using resources more effectively. It is a useful invention that also contributes to the national society.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the present invention. (5) Sorter (1) (IA) (IB) (1 (3) (IE) Hopper (2A to 2) Shredder (2B)
) (2C (2E) Pulverizer (8) (8
A) (8BX8C) (8E) Burner and blower (
4) (4A) (4B) (4C) (4E) Dryer (
5) (5A) (5B) (50) (5E) Hopper (6) Screw feeder (7) (7)' Hopper (8) (8
)' Screw conveyor (9)
Stirrer (10) Screw conveyor (
11) Hopper (12) Screw feeder (
18) Rotary kiln (14)
) Molding machine (15) Roller (16)
Cutting machine (17) Gas cylinder (18)
Gas pipe (19)
Burner (20) Completed product JP-A-59-51;49B (5) 1. Indication of the incident 3. Person making the amendment 4. Agent 5. Date of amendment order Showa! Contents of the amendment dated 76th day of month Z, 8th year as per the attached sheet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A method for producing waste solid fuel using combustible substances mixed in industrial waste and municipal waste as raw materials (2) Industrial waste,
The waste solid fuel according to claim 1, which is made from combustible substances mixed in municipal garbage, is separated and sorted, and is blended again in an appropriate ratio and heat-molded. Manufacturing method (8) Uses combustible substances in industrial waste and municipal garbage as raw materials, and separates and sorts out plastic materials, old tires, rubber, wood materials, municipal garbage, etc. that are mixed in these wastes. , a method for producing solid waste fuel according to claim 1, wherein these materials are blended again in an appropriate ratio and heated and molded.