KR20020035499A - The method of forming a solid fuel with wastes - Google Patents
The method of forming a solid fuel with wastes Download PDFInfo
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- KR20020035499A KR20020035499A KR1020020006623A KR20020006623A KR20020035499A KR 20020035499 A KR20020035499 A KR 20020035499A KR 1020020006623 A KR1020020006623 A KR 1020020006623A KR 20020006623 A KR20020006623 A KR 20020006623A KR 20020035499 A KR20020035499 A KR 20020035499A
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- fuel
- molding
- wastes
- drying
- Prior art date
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003473 refuse derived fuel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. at high heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 폐기물의 고형화 대체연료 성형장치로서 상세하게는 폐기물중에서 대체로 고열가(4000Kcal/Kg이상)의 폐기물을 수집하여 금속 및 기타 불연물을 선별·제거하고 일정크기로 파쇄 ·건조하여 평균열량(7000Kcal/Kg)이 되도록 혼합된 폐기물을 성형하는 폐기물 재활용 고형화 장치이다.The present invention is an alternative fuel forming apparatus for solidifying wastes, and in particular, high-temperature (4000 Kcal / Kg or more) wastes are collected from the wastes, and metals and other non-combustibles are sorted and removed and shredded and dried to a certain size to average calories (7000 Kcal / Kg) is a waste recycling solidification device for molding the mixed waste to be.
종래의 산업체 일반폐기물 및 생활폐기물의 처리는 소각하여 매립하는 방법이 일반적으로 사용되었으나 이와 같은 방법은 환경보호 측면에서뿐만 아니라 경제·사회적 측면에서도 소각장 건립에 따른 NIMBY현상, 매립지 확보난 등 많은 문제점을 가지고 있으므로 이에 대한 적절하고도 효과적인 대안마련이 시급한 실정이다.Conventional industrial wastes and municipal wastes have been generally incinerated and landfilled, but this method has many problems such as NIMBY phenomenon and landfill shortage due to incineration not only in environmental protection but also economic and social aspects. Proper and effective alternatives are urgently needed.
상기와 같은 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 폐기물 처리가 요구되고 있는 시점에 서 폐기물을 친환경적으로 처리하고 이를 대체에너지로 활용하는 것은 국가 경제적 자원 축적과 산입사회에서의 생산성 향상으로 이어져 일석이조의 경제 ·사회적 부가가치 창출이 예상된다.At the time when waste treatment is required to solve the above problems, eco-friendly treatment of waste and use of it as alternative energy leads to the accumulation of national economic resources and productivity improvement in industrialized societies, creating economic and social added value. This is expected.
종래의 폐기물 처리 방식은 불완전 연소 및 방지시설 미비에 의한 대기오염과 매립에 의한 토양오염 등의 문제를 야기하고 있으며, 현재뿐만 아니라 향후 상당기간 그 후유증으로 인해 많은 사회적 비용을 요구하게 될 것이므로 지금과 같은 폐기물 처리 시스템은 완전히 재구성되어야 할 것이다.Conventional waste disposal methods cause problems such as air pollution due to incomplete combustion and lack of prevention facilities, and soil pollution due to landfill. The same waste treatment system will have to be completely reconfigured.
본 발명은 상술한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 산업폐기물 및 생활폐기물 중에서 특히 고열량가이면서 소각시 대기 오염을 가중시키는 고분자 화합물(합성수지, 합성고무, 합성섬유, PP, PE 등)을 고형 연료화하여 이를 대체에너지화 함으로써 폐기물을 재활용하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, high-caloric value among industrial wastes and domestic wastes, and high-molecular compounds (synthetic resins, synthetic rubbers, synthetic fibers, PP, PE, etc.) that increase air pollution during incineration, convert them into alternative energy sources. The purpose is to recycle waste.
이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 폐기물을 선별, 파쇄, 건조, 성형 등의 시스템을 통해 재활용 자원화한다.In order to achieve this purpose, waste is recycled through systems such as sorting, crushing, drying and molding.
도1은 본 발명을 이용하여 폐기물을 연료로 재활용하기 위한 공정도1 is a process chart for recycling waste to fuel using the present invention
도2는 본 발명의 성형장치를 보인 상세도Figure 2 is a detailed view showing the molding apparatus of the present invention
***도면중 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명****** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings ***
1 : 폐기물의 선별장치 2 : 절단 및 파쇄장치1: Waste sorting device 2: Cutting and shredding device
3 : 건조 및 혼합장치 4 : 일정량 공급장치3: drying and mixing device 4: constant quantity supply device
5 : 고형화 성형장치 20 : Double Screw5: Solidification Molding Device 20: Double Screw
21 : 전열코일판 22 : 성형압출구21: heat transfer coil plate 22: molding extrusion port
23 : 열분해 가스 흡인 DUCT23: pyrolysis gas suction DUCT
6 : 분쇄장치 7 : 폐가스 연소 및 열풍발생장치6: crusher 7: waste gas combustion and hot air generator
8 : 원료적치장 9 : 원료혼합투입8: Raw material storage 9: Raw material mixing input
이 시스템은 산업체에서 배출되는 일반폐기물과 가정에서 배출되는 생활폐기물 중 연료화 할 수 있는 것을 선별적으로 수집하고 분류(고열량가, 중열량가, 소열랑가 등)하여 적치하는 원료적치장, 이들 폐기물을 혼합 투입하는 혼합조정부, 이들을 이송하며 불연물 등을 선별하는 선별장치부, 선별된 폐기물을 일정하게 절단 및 파쇄하는 파쇄장치부, 파쇄된 폐기물을 혼합하고 건조(수분함량15%)하는 로터리식 건조장치부, 이를 정량공급받아 일정하게 성형하는 고형화 성형장치부 등으로 구성된다.This system collects and sorts the raw materials from industrial wastes and household wastes from households and can be fueled. Mixing control unit, the sorting device unit for transporting them and sorting the non-combustibles, the crushing device unit for cutting and crushing the selected waste uniformly, the rotary drying unit for mixing and drying the crushed waste (15% moisture content) It is composed of a solidification molding unit and the like that is molded uniformly.
이하 첨부된 도면에 의하여 본 고안의 상세한 실시예를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, detailed embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도1은 본 발명을 사용하여 폐기물을 재활용 연료화하기 위한 공정도이고 도2는 본 고안의 특징적 성형장치의 상세도를 설명한 것으로써, 산업폐기물 중 고열량가에 해당하는 고분자 화합물(합성수지, 합성고무, 합성섬유 등)과 생활폐기물 중 폐가구, 폐목재, 폐지 등의 폐기물을 고열가, 중열가, 저열가 등으로 수거하여 적치하는 적치장(8), 이들을 적당한 열량가(6500Kcal∼7000Kcal/Kg)가 형성되도록 혼합 ·투입 ·공급하는 원료공급조(9), 이들 중에서 금속 및 기타 불연물을 제거하는 벨트 컨베이어 선별장치(1), 이를 일정크기로 절단 및 파쇄하는 파쇄장치(2)에서 대략적으로 원료의 크기와 상태를 조정한다.Figure 1 is a process chart for recycling the waste fuel using the present invention and Figure 2 illustrates a detailed view of the characteristic molding apparatus of the present invention, a high-molecular weight polymer compound (synthetic resin, synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber) Etc.) and stockpiles (8) that collect wastes such as waste furniture, waste wood, waste paper, etc. at high heat, medium heat, low heat, etc., and mix them in such a way that proper calorific value (6500 Kcal to 7000 Kcal / Kg) is formed. Adjust the size and condition of the raw material approximately in the raw material supply tank (9) to supply, belt conveyor sorting device (1) to remove metals and other non-combustibles among them, and shredding device (2) to cut and shred it to a certain size. do.
상기의 파쇄된 폐기물은 평균 함수율이 35%~40%정도이므로 이것을 로터리 킬른장치(3)를 이용하여 수분을 15%정도로 건조함은 물론 파쇄된 원료가 충분히 혼합되도록 조정하고 일정량을 공급하게 하는 정량공급장치(4)와 이를 고형화하는 성형장치(5)로 구성되며 성형된 고형연료는 용도에 따라 분쇄장치(6)를 거쳐 크기가 조정되어 포장된다.Since the crushed waste has an average water content of about 35% to 40%, it is dried using a rotary kiln device (3) to about 15% of moisture, and the crushed raw material is adjusted to be sufficiently mixed and a fixed amount is supplied. Consists of a supply device 4 and a molding device 5 for solidifying the same, and the molded solid fuel is sized and packaged through the grinding device 6 according to a use.
원료투입장치(9)에서는 폐기물의 종류에 따라 일정비율(고열가 25%, 중열가 50%, 저열가 25%)을 조성하여 원료를 투입하고 선별장치(1)에서는 폐기물 중에 포함되어 있는 금속류, 유리병, 돌 등과 같은 불연소물을 제거하여 파쇄기의 마모를 방지하고 성형시 성형기계의 능률을 향상시키는데 그 목적이 있다.In the raw material input device (9), a certain ratio (high heat is 25%, medium heat is 50%, low heat is 25%) is added according to the type of waste, and raw materials are introduced. In the sorting device (1), metals and glass bottles contained in the waste are input. The purpose is to remove the non-combustibles such as, stones, etc. to prevent wear of the crusher and to improve the efficiency of the molding machine during molding.
선별방법은 1차로 인력을 이용하여 수작업으로 선별하고, 2차로 마그네트 자석을 이용하여 금속류 등을 선별하며, 3차로 진동스크린 컨베이어에 의하여 선별함으로써 흙 등의 불순물을 제거할 수 있다.In the sorting method, it is possible to remove impurities such as soil by firstly sorting by hand using manpower, secondly by sorting metals by using magnet magnet, and thirdly by vibrating screen conveyor.
폐기물을 파쇄하는 파쇄장치(2)에서는 선별된 폐기물을 5cm∼10cm크기로 절단 또는 파쇄하여 각 성분별 원료의 혼합 또는 균질화하기 위한 것이다.In the shredding device 2 for shredding waste, the sorted waste is cut or shredded into 5 cm to 10 cm in size to mix or homogenize raw materials for each component.
절단되고 파쇄된 폐기물을 건조하는 장치(3)는 폐기물의 함수량이 평균 40∼50%의 원료를 수분함량 15%이하로 건조시키는 역할과 각종 폐기물을 충분히 혼합하는 기능을 가지고 있는 로터리 킬른장치(Rotary Kiln)이며 이때 킬른에 투입되는 열은 열풍발생장치(7)에 의해 열풍으로 건조함으로써 원료인 폐기물이 직열에 의하여 연소되어 가스의 발생을 방지하는 효과가 있다. 또한 건조장치에는 건조속도조절 등의 제어장치가 부착되어 있어서 균일하게 소정의 건조효과를 얻을 수 있는 폐기물 건조를 위한 특수 킬른장치이다.The device for drying the crushed and crushed wastes (3) is a rotary kiln device that has a function of drying raw materials having an average water content of 40-50% to 15% or less of moisture and a sufficient mixing of various wastes. Kiln) and the heat input to the kiln is dried by hot air by the hot wind generator 7 to burn waste material as a direct heat to prevent generation of gas. In addition, the drying device is attached to a control device such as drying speed control is a special kiln device for drying waste that can uniformly obtain a predetermined drying effect.
상기 킬른장치(3)에서 건조되고 혼합된 폐기물 원료는 정량공급장치(4)를 통하여 일정량의 원료가 성형기에 투입 ·공급됨으로써 제품의 질을 균형있게함은 물론 성형부분에서의 자동화가 가능하게 하는 장치이다.The waste raw material dried and mixed in the kiln device 3 is fed and supplied to the molding machine through a fixed amount supply device 4 to balance the quality of the product as well as to enable automation in the molding part. Device.
폐기물을 고형화하는 성형장치(5)는 상세도(도2)에서 보는 것과 같이 외부 케이스 속에 전열코일판(21)과 쌍스크류(20), 압출형틀(22), 성형시 발생되는 가스 배출닥터장치(23)로 구성되어 있으며 정량공급장치(4)에서 건조된 혼합폐기물 원료가 일정하게 성형기에 투입되면 쌍스크류(20)에 의하여 이송되면서 성형되어 압출성형틀(22)을 통하여 성형압출되고 이때 쌍스크류를 지지하는 타원형의 형틀 바깥에 부착된 전열코일판(21)에 의하여 평균온도가 450℃로 고정되어 있어서 제품의 성형상태는 항상 균질하다.Molding apparatus 5 for solidifying the waste is the heat transfer coil plate 21, the twin screw 20, the extrusion die 22, the gas discharge doctor device generated during molding as shown in the detail (Fig. 2) When the mixed waste raw material dried in the fixed-quantity supply device (4) is constantly put into the molding machine, the mixed waste material is transported by the twin screw (20) and molded and extruded through the extrusion mold (22). The average temperature is fixed at 450 ° C. by the heat transfer coil plate 21 attached to the outside of the elliptical mold supporting the screw, so that the molding state of the product is always homogeneous.
상기의 성형과정에서의 가장 중요한 부분들의 기계적 조작은 정량공급장치(4)에서의 균일한 원료투입, 전열판에 의한 일정한 내부온도, 쌍스크류(20)의 성형이동속도 등을 표준화하여 운전관리 함으로써 균질의 제품을 생산할 수 있으며 압출구시 배출되는 열분해가스는 배출닥터(23)를 통하여 건조장치(3)에 이용하는 열풍발생장치(7)에 투입함으로써 배기가스를 연소시킬 수 있는 상호 연계장치의 효과가 있다.The mechanical operation of the most important parts of the molding process is homogeneous by uniform operation of the raw material in the metering supply device 4, the constant internal temperature by the heat transfer plate, and the operation of standardizing the molding movement speed of the twin screw 20. It is possible to produce a product of the product, and the pyrolysis gas discharged at the extrusion port is introduced into the hot air generator 7 used in the drying device 3 through the discharge doctor 23 has the effect of the interconnection device that can burn the exhaust gas. .
상기 성형장치(5)에서 압출된 성형품은 크기와 모양이 다양하여 이를 연료로써 사용하기에 매우 불편하므로 분쇄 및 파쇄장치(6)에서 직경 3Cm정도로 분쇄하고 별도 연소장치를 이용하여 대체에너지로써의 연료화가 가능하다. 이때 연료화 할경우에 연료의 열량이 약 6500Kcal/Kg∼7000Kcal/Kg정도이므로 필요에 따라 자동화 또는 연속 공급이 가능하게 하여 소기의 목적을 달성할 수 있도록 연소장치를 다양하게 함으로써 폭넓은 대체에너지의 효과를 얻을 수 있다.Since the molded article extruded from the molding apparatus 5 has a variety of sizes and shapes, it is very inconvenient to use it as a fuel, so it is ground to a diameter of about 3 Cm in the grinding and crushing apparatus 6 and fuelized as an alternative energy using a separate combustion apparatus. Is possible. At the time of fuelization, the heat of fuel is about 6500Kcal / Kg ~ 7000Kcal / Kg, so it is possible to automate or continuously supply as needed, so that the combustion apparatus is diversified to achieve the desired purpose. Can be obtained.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이 폐기물의 고형화 성형장치에 의하여 성형된 고형연료는 폐기물을 재활용하여 대체에너지로 자원화 하는 점 외에도 처리과정에서의 모든 공정 및 개별장치가 친화경적 시스템으로 구성되어 있기 때문에 재활용 자원화의 효과가 크다.As described above, the solid fuel molded by the solidification molding apparatus of waste is not only recycled waste and recycled as alternative energy, but also all the processes and individual devices in the treatment process are composed of eco-friendly systems. Is large.
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KR20040088949A (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2004-10-20 | 박경득 | Methods for manufacturing of solid fuels using waste material of cars |
KR100455845B1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-11-06 | 주식회사 동방이엔지 | Separate type cylinder apparatus for refuse derived fuel extruding machine |
KR100487734B1 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2005-05-06 | 월드크리너주식회사 | The method for manufacturing and apparatus of solid fuel |
KR100813616B1 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2008-03-17 | 조기석 | The method for manufacturing and apparatus of solid fuel |
WO2009097385A2 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-06 | Ze-Gen, Inc. | Construction & demolition debris (c & d) materials processing |
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WO2009097385A2 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-08-06 | Ze-Gen, Inc. | Construction & demolition debris (c & d) materials processing |
WO2009097385A3 (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-10-01 | Ze-Gen, Inc. | Construction & demolition debris (c & d) materials processing |
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