KR100743218B1 - Apparatus for manufacture of solid fuel from combustibility waste - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for manufacturing solid fuel from combustible waste is provided to improve the quality of solid fuel of combustible waste, by using a composite process of mix, pulverization, compression, and friction under high-speed rotation, without a heat source. A supply unit(10) stores a plurality of combustible waste pieces and transfers the waste pieces by a predetermined quantity. A melt extrusion unit(20) crushes the combustible waste pieces, which are transferred from the supply unit, through mix, pulverization, and compression. The crushed combustible waste is molten by friction heat, and extruded to the outside. A cutting unit(30) consecutively cuts solid fuel of the extruded combustible waste. An exhaust unit(40) cools the solid fuel of the combustible waste, and transfers the cooled solid fuel.

Description

Apparatus for manufacture of solid fuel from combustibility waste}

1 is a side view showing a solidified fuel production apparatus of combustible waste according to an embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the extruded part shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is a view seen from the direction A shown in FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a view seen from direction B shown in FIG. 2.

* Description of Signs for Main Parts in Drawings *

10: supply part 20: melt extrusion part

23, 24: compression screw 23a, 24a: wing

27: friction part 30: cutting part

40: discharge part

The present invention relates to a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus for combustible waste (waste wood, waste paper, waste vinyl, waste plastics, etc.), in particular, a fixed amount of raw material is always supplied to the compression chamber by a screw conveyor when combustible waste is input. Combination, grinding, and compression are performed by high-speed rotation of a pair of compression screws inside, and combustible waste solidified fuel that can produce combustible waste solidified fuel using heat generated by rubbing raw materials by interaction of friction screw and friction plate. It relates to a manufacturing apparatus.

When recycling household wastes, the remaining wastes are divided into paper, wood, metal and nonmetals, glass bottles, plastics, clothing, and styrofoam, and PET, PP, PS, and PE are separately selected for recycling. It is sent to factories, food and beverage companies. If many of these plastics are mixed with foreign materials or bonded to different materials, it is impossible to recycle them.In this case, incineration is often performed in incinerators. It caused.

Although boilers for RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) and RPF (Refuse Plastic Fuel) have been developed to improve the use of high calorific value plastics and combustible wastes as heat sources, boilers for RDF & RPF have been developed. It is more important than anything else. Here, RDF (combustible waste solidified fuel) or RPF (hereinafter referred to as 'waste plastic solid fuel') is used for screening, crushing, drying and forming combustible waste (excluding designated waste and infectious waste) and containing a certain amount of water. Manufactured from solid fuel, it means that it contains more than 60% of waste plastics by weight. The waste plastic solid fuel thus produced has an excellent effect on eliminating the landfill and of preventing environmental pollution such as the use of waste heat, water quality, air and beauty.

In the conventional manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing such waste plastic solid fuel, the waste plastic solid fuel is produced by simply melting and extruding the raw materials through a heater while operating the screw into the injected waste plastic at a low speed.

However, the conventional waste plastic solid fuel manufacturing apparatus has a disadvantage in that the power cost is increased due to the high temperature heating using only the heater when melting the waste plastic, and also because the screw rotates at low speed, mixing and grinding are smooth. Since the coarse particles were not included in the product, the loss of thermal loss during the incineration of the waste plastic solid fuel was caused.

Furthermore, as the screw rotates at a low speed and the length of the compression chamber is formed at the same time, the removal of water vapor generated in the compression chamber during manufacture is not easy, so that the steam is partially included in the product. There was an unqualified agent having a lower homogeneity, and in order to overcome this problem, a separate additional device is required, such as installing a hollow shaft inside the screw to discharge the water vapor, thereby causing an increase in the overall cost of the device.

In addition, in the conventional waste plastic solid fuel manufacturing apparatus, when the extrusion capacity is increased by a screw, the inner surface of the cylinder is easily worn by friction and extrusion force, and thus the extrusion capacity is greatly reduced, causing the efficiency of the molding apparatus to be lowered. It is becoming. Moreover, when the cylinder is worn as described above, the entire cylinder needs to be replaced, thereby increasing the maintenance cost of the molding apparatus and lowering the economics, as well as the problem of requiring considerable manpower and time to replace the cylinder.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention produces high quality combustible waste solidified fuel through mixing, pulverizing, compressing, and rubbing mixed raw materials, and has high durability and low maintenance cost of the device. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing combustible waste solidified fuel.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a supply unit for storing a plurality of combustible waste made of pieces and transported by a fixed amount; A melt extruding unit that mixes, grinds and compresses the combustible trash received at predetermined intervals from the supply unit to be crushed into a uniform size, and then melts by frictional heat to extrude to the outside; A cutting unit continuously cutting the combustible waste solid fuel extruded from the melt extrusion unit; It provides a combustible waste solidified fuel manufacturing apparatus comprising a; and a discharge portion for cooling and then transporting a plurality of combustible waste solid fuel cut by the cutting unit.

The supply unit hopper for storing the plurality of combustible waste pieces; A screw conveyor disposed under the hopper to transfer the plurality of pieces of combustible waste in a quantitative manner; And a pusher for compressing the waste plastic transferred by quantity from the screw conveyor to the melt extrusion part.

The melt extrusion unit comprises a compression chamber in which waste plastic supplied from the supply unit is charged; A pair of compression screws disposed in the compression chamber so as to rotate with each other at high speed, and for mixing, pulverizing and compressing the combustible waste charged in the compression chamber by rotation; A friction part for melting the combustible waste conveyed by the pair of compression screws by frictional heat; A heater disposed to surround the compression chamber and for reducing an initial operation time; And a nozzle for discharging the combustible waste compressed and conveyed by the compression screw to the outside.

The pair of compression screws each have at least four wing portions on the outer circumference thereof, and the four wing portions are in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the compression chamber. In addition, the pair of compression screws are coated with a wear-resistant metal on the front end of the wing portion or the entire surface of the compression screw.

The melt extrusion unit is a cooling plate disposed to surround the compression chamber in order to maintain a constant temperature inside the compression chamber by introducing air by the blower to prevent the compression chamber from overheating during operation of the melt extrusion unit; It may further include.

The friction part is disposed in the compression chamber coaxially with the pair of compression screws and rotates in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the compression screw; And a friction plate that generates heat by rubbing the combustible waste pulverized in the compression chamber at a predetermined interval from the friction screw.

The friction portion further comprises at least one friction adjusting bolt for adjusting the distance between the friction screw and the friction plate, the friction control bolt is a waste plastic solid fuel through the nozzle by adjusting the distance between the friction screw and the friction plate It is possible to control the minute discharge and temperature and pressure. In this case, the friction plate is elastically coupled to the friction screw.

The nozzle may further include at least one adjustment screw screwed to the nozzle to adjust the discharge rate and density of the combustible waste solid fuel.

The discharge unit is a cooling tank loaded with a cooling water for receiving and cooling the combustible waste solid fuel is cut by the cutting portion falling by its own weight; And, one side is disposed to be inclined so as to be charged in the cooling tank is discharged from the cooling tank for discharging to the outside; may include.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the configuration of the waste plastic solid fuel manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a side view showing a combustible waste solid fuel manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the extrusion unit shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a plan view showing a melt extrusion unit, 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a pair of compression screws, and FIG. 5 is a view showing a friction part.

Combustible waste solid fuel manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the combustible waste supply unit 10, melt extrusion unit 20, the cutting unit 30 and the discharge unit 40, below Each part is explained in full detail.

The supply section 10 includes a hopper 11, a screw conveyor 13, and a pusher 15. The hopper 11 is formed to have a predetermined volume so that raw material, that is, combustible waste is charged, into the hopper 11. The combustible garbage charged is installed on the inclined plate 12 inside one side so as to move smoothly by the screw conveyor 13. The screw conveyor 13 is disposed in the lengthwise direction of the lower portion of the hopper 11 in a rotatable manner, and receives the driving force from the motor 14 to push the combustible waste loaded into the hopper 11 while rotating at a predetermined speed in one direction ( 15) by metering. In this case, of course, it is also possible to install a vibrating feeder (not shown) instead of the screw conveyor 13 so that the quantitative supply is made. The pusher 15 is disposed on the outside of the other side of the hopper 11 and pressurizes the waste plastic transferred from the screw conveyor 13 to the compression chamber 22 described later.

The melt extruded part 20 includes a drive part 21, a compression chamber 22, a pair of compression screws 23 and 24, a heater 25, a cooling plate 26, a friction part 27, and a nozzle 28. Include. 2 and 3, the driving unit 21 is composed of a drive motor 21a, a reducer 21b, a coupling 21c, and a gear box 21d. The compression chamber 22 is disposed below the pusher 15 and has a predetermined space portion in which combustible waste supplied by the pusher 15 is charged to mix, chain, and compress. In this case, since the compression chamber 22 is in a high temperature state, it is also possible to increase the cooling efficiency by attaching a predetermined cooling fan (not shown) to evenly disperse heat emitted from the compression chamber 22. The pair of compression screws 23 and 24 are rotatably disposed in the compression chamber 22 as shown in Figs. 4A and 4B and have four rows of wings 23a and 24a, respectively. The four rows of wings 23a and 24a are formed so that their ends contact the inside of the compression chamber 22. In this case, the pair of compression screws 23 and 24 are the ends or compressions of the four rows of wings 23a and 24a. It is desirable to grow a metal having wear resistance on the entire surface of the screws 23 and 24 to extend the life of the compression screws 23 and 24. The heater 25 is disposed to surround the compression chamber 22, and serves to reduce the initial operating time for a quick start and automatically reaches a predetermined temperature by a temperature sensor (not shown) installed in the compression chamber 22. Operation is blocked. The cooling plate 26 introduces air by a blower (not shown) to prevent the compression chamber 22 from overheating during the operation of the melt extrusion unit 20 to maintain a constant temperature inside the compression chamber 22. Play a role. The friction part 27 includes a friction screw 27a, a friction plate 27b and a friction adjusting bolt 27c. The friction screw 27a is disposed on one side of the compression screws 23 and 24 coaxially with the compression screws 23 and 24 in the compression chamber 22 and rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the compression screws 23 and 24. As shown in FIG. 2, the friction plate 27b raises the temperature by generating heat by rubbing the waste plastic pulverized in the compression chamber 22 at regular intervals from the friction screw 27a, thereby melting the waste plastic. . A plurality of friction adjusting bolts 27c (see FIG. 5) are fastened to one end of the compression chamber 22 by passing through the friction plate 27b so as to finely adjust the distance between the friction screw 27a and the friction plate 27b. The friction adjusting bolt 27c may adjust the distance between the friction screw 27a and the friction plate 27b to adjust the fine discharge of waste plastic solid fuel and temperature and pressure through the nozzle 28. In addition, it is also possible to install a plurality of springs (not shown) in the friction adjusting bolt 27c to maintain a constant distance between the friction screw 27a and the friction plate 27b. As shown in FIG. 5, the nozzle 28 may be provided with a plurality of adjustment screws 28a to adjust the discharge speed and the density of the combustible waste solid fuel discharged from the nozzle 28.

The cutting part 30 is disposed at the rear end of the nozzle 28 to cut the combustible waste solid fuel extruded from the nozzle 28 at predetermined intervals.

The discharge part 40 is composed of a conveyor 41 and a flush cooling tank 43 for transferring the combustible waste solid fuel cut to a predetermined size by the cutting part 30 to other next processes such as a packaging process. In this case, the conveyor 41 can quickly cool the combustible waste solid fuel that is disposed inclined with one side charged in the cooling tank 43.

Referring to the operation of the combustible waste solid fuel production apparatus configured as described above are as follows.

First, combustible waste pulverized to a certain size is put into the hopper 11 and temporarily stored. The combustible waste charged to the hopper 11 is supplied to the pusher 15 by the rotating screw conveyor 13, and is supplied to the compression chamber 22 by the pusher 15.

The combustible waste supplied to the compression chamber 22 is mixed, pulverized and compressed by the four-row blades 23a and 24a of the compression screw 22 which rotates at a high speed of about 120 RPM to 150 RPM by the drive unit 21. In this case, the pair of compression screw 22 is rotated at a high speed to achieve a compact size of the compression chamber 22, thereby reducing the load inside the compression chamber 22, and water vapor generated during compression and friction Even without going through the device it can be collected smoothly and do not mix in the product production process, it is possible to form a homogeneity of the product excellently compared to the conventional. Furthermore

Combustible waste compressed into such homogeneous particles is melted at a high temperature by the friction action between the rotating friction screw 27a and the friction plate 27b. The molten waste plastic is discharged to the nozzle 28 while being primarily cooled by the cooling plate 26. In this case, the waste plastic solid fuel discharged may be formed in various shapes and sizes by modifying the shape of the nozzle 28.

As described above, the combustible waste solid fuel extruded outside the compression chamber 22 through the nozzle 28 is cut by a predetermined length by the cutting unit 30, and the cut solid fuel is flushed by a washing tank 43 by its own weight. After charging to the secondary cooling), and exits the cooling tank 43 by the discharge conveyor 41 is transferred to the other next process.

As described above, the apparatus for producing combustible waste solid fuel of the present invention uses a pair of compression screws 23 and 24, friction screws 27a, and friction plates 27b without using an external heat source. It is possible to increase the production and production of high quality combustible waste solid fuel through the complex process of mixing, crushing, compressing and rubbing waste plastics.

As described above, in the present invention, there is an advantage that the quality of the combustible waste solid fuel can be improved through the complex action of mixing / crushing / compression / friction by high speed rotation without a separate heat source.

In addition, since it is possible to manufacture a large amount of combustible waste solid fuel, it is possible to minimize the unit cost of the equipment, it is possible to reduce the maintenance cost as the durability of the product is improved.

In the above, the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the spirit of the present invention. Various changes and modifications will be possible by those who have the same.

Claims (11)

delete A supply unit for storing a plurality of combustible garbage made of pieces and transporting them by quantity; A melt extruding unit that mixes, grinds and compresses the combustible trash received at predetermined intervals from the supply unit to be crushed into a uniform size, and then melts by frictional heat to extrude to the outside; A cutting unit continuously cutting the combustible waste solid fuel extruded from the melt extrusion unit; And, And a discharge part for cooling and then transporting the plurality of combustible waste solid fuels cut by the cutting part. The supply unit, A hopper in which the plurality of combustible waste pieces are stored; A screw conveyor disposed under the hopper to transfer the plurality of pieces of combustible waste in a quantitative manner; And And a pusher for compressing the combustible waste transferred from the screw conveyor to the melt extrusion part by feeding the quantity of the combustible waste from the screw conveyor. A supply unit for storing a plurality of combustible garbage made of pieces and transporting them by quantity; A melt extruding unit that mixes, grinds and compresses the combustible trash received at predetermined intervals from the supply unit to be crushed into a uniform size, and then melts by frictional heat to extrude to the outside; A cutting unit continuously cutting the combustible waste solid fuel extruded from the melt extrusion unit; And, And a discharge part for cooling and then transporting the plurality of combustible waste solid fuels cut by the cutting part. The melt extrusion unit, A compression chamber into which combustible waste supplied from the supply unit is charged; A pair of compression screws disposed in the compression chamber so as to rotate with each other at high speed, and for mixing, pulverizing and compressing the combustible waste charged in the compression chamber by rotation; A friction part for melting the combustible waste conveyed by the pair of compression screws by frictional heat; And And a nozzle for discharging the combustible waste compressed and conveyed by the compression screw to the outside. The method of claim 3, wherein the pair of compression screws At least four wings each on the outer periphery, And said four wing parts are in contact with the inner circumferential surface of said compression chamber in order to produce combustible waste solidified fuel. The method of claim 4, wherein the pair of compression screws Apparatus for producing a solidified fuel of combustible waste, characterized in that the wear-resistant metal is coated on the entire surface of the tip of the wing or one side of the compressed screw. The method of claim 3, wherein the melt extrusion unit And a cooling plate arranged to surround the compression chamber in order to keep the temperature inside the compression chamber by introducing air by a blower to prevent the compression chamber from being overheated during the melt extrusion operation. Solid fuel production apparatus of the combustible garbage characterized in that. The method of claim 3, wherein the friction portion A friction screw disposed coaxially with the pair of compression screws in the compression chamber and rotating in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the compression screw; And, And a friction plate that generates heat by rubbing the combustible waste pulverized in the compression chamber at a predetermined distance from the friction screw. The method of claim 7, wherein the friction portion Further comprising: at least one friction adjustment bolt for adjusting the distance between the friction screw and the friction plate, The friction control bolt is a solidified fuel production apparatus for combustible waste, characterized in that by adjusting the distance between the friction screw and the friction plate to control the fine discharge of the combustible waste solid fuel and temperature, pressure. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the friction plate is elastically coupled to the friction screw. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the nozzle further comprises at least one adjustment screw screwed to the nozzle to control the discharge speed and the density of the combustible waste solid fuel. 5. A supply unit for storing a plurality of combustible garbage made of pieces and transporting them by quantity; A melt extruding unit that mixes, grinds and compresses the combustible trash received at predetermined intervals from the supply unit to be crushed into a uniform size, and then melts by frictional heat to extrude to the outside; A cutting unit continuously cutting the combustible waste solid fuel extruded from the melt extrusion unit; And, And a discharge part for cooling and then transporting the plurality of combustible waste solid fuels cut by the cutting part. The discharge portion, A cooling tank loaded with cooling water for receiving and cooling the combustible garbage solid fuel that is cut by the cutting unit and falls by its own weight; And And a discharge conveyor configured to be inclined so that one side is charged into the cooling tank and discharged from the cooling tank to be discharged to the outside.

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