KR20030003159A - The Apparatus of Manufacturing Refuse Derived Fuel (R.D.F) Using Sewage Sludge & Refuse Synthetic Resin, and the Manufacturing Process - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus and method for preparing refuse derived fuel (RDF) using sewage sludge and waste synthetic resin is provided, which can recycle sewage sludge and waste synthesis resin by environmental-friendly process, save 120 to 150 kg/h energy required for drying the waste by using RDF, and can prevent emission of dioxin by performing complete combustion of waste by two stage combustion at high temperature. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a sorting part(11) for selecting and sorting PE, PP from the collected waste synthesis resin and domestic waste; a primary crushing equipment(12) for cutting and crushing the sorted waste into 100 to 200 mm; a vibration screen(13) for selecting metal, non-metal, soil, stone contained in the crushed waste by magnets and vibrator; a secondary crusher(14) for crushing into 30 to 50 mm; a silo(15); a sludge store part(16) for storing sludge transferred from terminal treatment plant; a drier(18) of double structure drum type for drying the waste fed by a quantitative feeder to 25 % moisture content; a mixing equipment(26) for mixing the dried waste and waste synthesized resin by a ratio of 4: 6 at a mixed raw material feeder followed by hot air drying to 15 % moisture before adding slaked lime, an additive, to mix; a mixed raw material feeder(25) for controlling the moisture content again, mixing ratio and for feeding to an extrude/molding equipment(29).

Description

Apparatus of Manufacturing Refuse Derived Fuel (R.D.F) Using Sewage Sludge & Refuse Synthetic Resin, and the Manufacturing Process

The present invention uses an organic sewage sludge (caloric value 2,000Kcal ~ 2,200Kcal / Kg) and waste synthetic resins (8,000Kcal ~ 9,000Kcal) of the terminal treatment plant by drying, mixing, adding additives, etc. The present invention relates to a waste solid fuel manufacturing method for producing dry solids having a moisture content of 10% or less (caloric value of 5,000 Kal to 5,500 Kcal) and recycling them as alternative energy in hot water boilers in rural vinyl houses and industrial steem boilers.

Conventional sewage sludge treatment was carried out by offshore dumping (51.4%), landfill site (40.2%) and other incineration and recycling, but due to the limitations of landfill, heavy metal contamination and leachate generation, By prohibiting offshore dumping and land reclamation from July, proper disposal of sludge (currently 4,500 tons / day production), which occurs in the future, has been highlighted as a social environmental problem. When treatment measures are urgently needed, a method of using and treating them properly should be devised.

Particularly, waste vinyl and synthetic resins are processed into clean materials without pollution and are recycled, but only 10-15% of the total amount is generated. Due to lack of pretreatment such as drying, it has developed into a second air pollution such as dioxin generation due to incomplete combustion.

In addition, although efforts have been made to solidify alternative energy through solidification methods, the productivity of solidification is reduced due to immaturity of separation collection, sorting, raw material mixing, adjustment, and stabilization. As the surface is hardened by Char), it is impossible to completely burn it, so a large amount of ash is generated, and the selection of metals is poor during the pretreatment of RDF raw materials, and incomplete combustion generates air pollutants of dioxins as well as the exhaust gas. This has attracted attention as a new cause of secondary environmental pollution.

The present invention is a process for drying, mixing, adding neutralizing agents, molding, and the like, according to the purpose of recycling the wastewater by using sewage sludge and waste synthetic resins and recycling them to create economic added value as alternative energy. As a way to solidify and recycle it as fuel,

In order to achieve the above object, first, the water content of the sewage sludge is dried from 75% to 25%. At this time, the organic sludge is dried by heat exchange waste heat instead of direct heat so as not to be carbonized or incinerated. Metals mixed after cutting and crushing in the size of / m to 200m / m are selected by magnet, and non-combustible materials such as stones and dirt are removed by vibrating device, and then secondly crushed into the size of 30m / m to 50m / m. Mix the two raw materials in a ratio of 4: 6 by weight, and add calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ), a neutralizing agent, to suppress harmful gas generation, and dry and adjust the water content to about 15% in the drying and mixing process. After the solidification through the extrusion and molding process, and in order to supply a part of the prepared RDF to the drying heat source of the process, the heat of combustion of the combustion heat in the pyrolysis combustion apparatus as the heat source of the drying apparatus. Ryohwa replace the energy producing process.

In the above process, particular attention should be paid to pretreatment of raw materials for the production of mixed raw materials of sewage sludge and waste synthetic resins by controlling the appropriate pretreatment process of raw materials such as ① mixing ratio, ② water content, ③ neutralizing agent input, and ④ drying temperature. · It is a recycling method of waste that can minimize environmental pollution as well as produce uniform products.

1 is a solid fuel production process according to the present invention

2 is a manufacturing system using pyrolysis combustion heat

Figure 3 is a waste heat drying and mixing system

4 is a detailed view of a pyrolysis combustion heat utilization system;

5 is an extrusion and molding system using a screw type metering device and a double screw.

*** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings ***

11: Waste synthetic resin basin, screening 12: 1st shredding process

13 metal sorting process 14: secondary crushing process

15: Intermediate storage of crushed synthetic resin paper 16: Sludge sewage storage and storage

17: Fixed feed screw feeder 18: Drying process using combustion waste heat

19: Fuel R.D.F lower storage and storage 20: Fixed quantity feeder

21: pyrolysis combustion apparatus 22: pyrolysis gas combustion apparatus

24: dry heat exchange process 25: mixed raw material feeder

26: mixing and drying raw materials for hot air 27: adding additive for neutralization

28: Intermixed storage of raw materials Silo 29: Extrusion and molding process

30: Crushing process (20m / m ~ 30m / m) 31: Product storage and transfer process

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention according to the process of Figure 1 shows a method for producing waste solid fuel for recycling alternative energy by using waste PP, PE, etc. in wastewater and sewage sludge generated in the terminal treatment plant and industrial waste generated from industrial wastes as raw materials. ,

Process of separating and sorting wastes and non-combustibles, such as PVC and sulfur compounds, which have a lot of harmful gases, among industrial wastes and household wastes (11) and primary shredding process to cut and shred to 100m / m ~ 200m / m. 12) and transferred to the intermediate storage silo (15) through the magnet sorting process (13) for separating and removing the mixed metals such as waste vinyl,

On the other hand, the sewage sludge in the terminal treatment plant is dried in the drum type drying process 18 using the pyrolysis gas combustion heat of the RDF pyrolysis combustion apparatus 21 by drying the sludge with water content of about 75% to about 80% by using indirect waste heat. The one-step raw material treatment process of the waste synthetic resin and sewage sludge is completed.

Drying sewage sludge and waste synthetic resins after the first stage raw material treatment process are mixed in a ratio of 4: 6 by weight ratio (Sludge 4, waste synthetic resin 6), respectively. (26), where the mixed raw materials are dried and mixed with a water content of about 15%. At this time, by spraying, injecting and mixing the additive (calcite lime), which is a neutralizing agent, harmful substances such as SOx, HCl, CO, etc. during drying and molding are supplied. It is effective in suppressing the exhaust of dioxins due to gas generation and stabilizing the product during molding.

The raw material which has completed the above pretreatment process is solidified in the extrusion and molding process 29 through the mixed raw material silo 28, and at this time, the molded product of irregular size is 20m / m to 30m / m in the crushing process 30. It is a recycling method for recycling wastes that are cut and crushed into a product of size.

The recycling method described above is described in detail by process. First, the waste synthetic resin feed basin and sorting unit 11 separates and selects incombustibles and other inappropriate materials by manpower, and classifies and classifies them into two to three parts by uniformity and homogeneity. In the primary shredding step (12), the raw material to be mixed and introduced is cut and shredded to a size of 100 m / m to 200 m / m in length or diameter. In (13), the metal or non-ferrous metal, soil, boulder and the like are removed, and the material that has a mechanical effect on the solidification is removed, and the first step of pretreatment is completed to transfer to the intermediate storage silo (15).

Second, the sewage sludge dump (16) transfers sludge (water content 75% ~ 80%) which is dehydrated and disposed of at the end treatment plant to the transportation cargo, and has already been removed by odor treatment by active carbon treatment at the end treatment plant. Since it is a state, it is a dump which does not need a separate prevention facility, and a certain amount is put into the drum type drying process (18) by a fixed-quantity supply screw feeder (17), and this drying process is a drying method by indirect waste heat. It is a one-step raw material pretreatment process for sewage sludge that prevents carbonization and maintains the original combustion calorific value (2,000 ~ 2,200Kcal / Kg) and dries to 25% moisture content.

The sewage sludge and waste synthetic resin finished after the pretreatment process are mixed in a ratio of 4: 6 by weight, and transferred to the hopper of the raw material feeder 25, and mixed into the drying and mixing process 26 using hot air. Slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ) is added together at about 0.5% to 0.8% of the weight of the mixed raw material, and the mixing and drying (about 15% moisture content) adjustment process of the raw material is completed, thus completing the pretreatment of the solidified raw material.

In particular, slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ), an additive, is sulphide (SOx), hydrogen chloride gas (HCl), etc. when decomposition of synthetic resins occurs due to high heat of 250 ° C to 300 ° C in the extrusion and molding process (29). By reacting and neutralizing, it suppresses the generation of harmful gas and stabilizes the product during the extrusion and molding of solidification.

The heat source required for the drying process 18 in the above process is a part of the solid fuel (RDF) manufactured by the solid fuel manufacturing process of FIGS. 1 and 2 (120 kg / hr to 150 kg / hr). The secondary combustion chamber (22) maintains the minimum amount of air (60% to 70% of the theoretical air) and the pyrolysis temperature (400 ° C to 500 ° C) of the waste synthetic resin, and obtains the unburned combustible gas obtained by the pyrolysis reaction. By supplying and burning the excess air by FD Fan here, the discharge temperature can be increased to 800 ℃ or more and 1000 ℃ to minimize the generation of dioxins due to the complete combustion and decomposition of harmful gases. Waste heat (300 ° C. to 500 ° C.) through the dry heat exchanger 24 is supplied to the sludge drying apparatus to dry waste sludge having a water content of 75% to 80% to about 25%, and hot air heat-exchanged by a heat exchanger. (120 ℃ ~ 150 ℃) is dry and mixed hole Fed to 26 by controlling the water content (15%), and drying the raw material mixture, and adjusting.

In the mixed raw material silo (28) process, prior to being introduced into the extrusion and molding process (29), the process of adjusting the optimal raw material state such as mixing and mixing conditions of the raw materials, moisture content, and addition of additives is carried out by spraying, spraying, stirring, etc. The extrusion and molding process (29) of FIG. 5 is a double screw type (double screw) melting / extrusion molding apparatus, which is closed by applying heat of 250 ° C to 300 ° C by an electric coil. Minimizes thermal decomposition of synthetic resins and solidifies extrusion and molding together with sewage sludge by using adhesive strength of waste synthetic resins.

Solids molded into irregular sizes in the extrusion and molding process (29) are transferred to the crushing process (30) by a steel mesh vibration feeder. At this time, they are dried using cold air, and the hardened dry moldings have a size of 20 m / m to 30 m / m. It is a method for producing solid fuel by recycling waste material that is cut and crushed into a commercial product.

The solidified fuel produced by the above process is transported and stored in the product silo 31, packed and shipped, and some of them (120 kg / hr to 150 kg / hr) are used as heat sources of the sewage sludge drying process 18. The fuel is transferred to the RDF storage tank 19 for fuel, and these are solid fuel production methods that are transported to the RDF pyrolysis combustion apparatus 21 for reuse as fuel.

As described above, P.E, P.P, etc. in wastewater sewage sludge, industrial waste synthetic resins, and household wastes are used as a method for producing recycled solid fuel by a natural treatment method.

Alternative energy to make it possible to disseminate environmentally damaging wastes caused by incineration, landfilling, and disposal until now as alternative energy, and to disseminate and use it for heating of rural vinyl houses and industrial boilers. As a method,

In particular, by using some of the produced solid fuel (RDF) (drying heat source, 120kg / hr ~ 150kg / hr) as the heat source of the manufacturing process, it is possible to save 5D / M ~ 6D / M fossil fuel per day. It is effective and completely burns waste by high temperature by primary RDF pyrolysis unit 21 and secondary pyrolysis gas combustion unit 22 to minimize the generation of dioxins, as well as air pollution such as heat exchange, dust collection and activated carbon filtration. It is a system that purifies and discharges exhaust gas through prevention facilities, and it is effective to manufacture and recycle waste as recycled solid fuel.

Claims (7)

A storage unit for sorting and storing P.E, P.P, etc. in the collected waste synthetic resins and household wastes; A primary shredding device that cuts and shreds it to a size of 100 m / m to 200 m / m, A device for sorting nonflammables such as metals and nonferrous metals, soil, and stones mixed with the crushed waste by magnetic force and vibration; Secondary shredding device for shredding the size of 30m / m to 50m / m through the vibration feeder, and a storage unit for storing it in the intermediate storage silo, On the other hand, the storage unit for transporting and storing and storing the slurry discharged and discarded at the sewage treatment plant, It is supplied with a fixed quantity feeder and double structured drum type drying device to dry it to about 25% moisture content, The dried sewage sludge and the waste synthetic resins stored and crushed are transferred to the mixed feeder at a ratio of 4: 6 by weight ratio, and mixed to dry the hot sewage sludge with the moisture content in the drying / mixing device for hot air and at the same time, adds calcined lime as an additive. A mixing device that mixes input and mixes together, A mixed raw material supply unit for supplying the raw materials to an extrusion / molding apparatus by readjusting the mixed raw materials with moisture content and mixing ratio; Recycling extrusion and molding apparatus for solidifying by supplying the mixed raw materials to a fixed quantity supply device The heat source required for drying the sewage sludge, mixing and re-drying the raw material of the sewage sludge is a part of the solid fuel (RDF) manufactured by the RDF manufacturing process to the pyrolysis combustion apparatus 21 of FIG. Pyrolysis and combustion of solid fuel with low oxygen (60% ~ 70% of theoretical air supply) and intermediate pyrolysis temperature (400 ℃ ~ 500 ℃) by transfer and supply. At this time, the unburned pyrolysis gas is a pyrolysis gas combustion device that exhausts heat at a high temperature from 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. by supplying and combusting excess air by a F.D fan in a secondary gas combustion chamber. The high temperature exhaust heat by the gas combustion is heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 24, and the heat-exchanged hot air is supplied to the apparatus 26 for drying and mixing the sludge and the waste synthetic resin, and the waste heat from the heat exchanger (300 占 폚 to 350 ° C) is a waste recycling apparatus consisting of a device for reuse as a heat source of the sludge drying apparatus (18). According to claim 1, the sludge drying apparatus is a double drum type drying apparatus, which is a double structure drying apparatus which prevents carbonization of organic materials of sludge by drying waste heat through a heat exchanger of pyrolysis combustion heat as a heat source. Compared to the drying device of the same volume of structure, the residence drying time is increased by more than 150% to prevent carbonization of sludge and to obtain dry sludge with homogeneous proper moisture content (about 25% of water content). According to claim 1, wherein the molding apparatus for the mixed raw material, the pretreatment process is completed is coupled to the screw-type fixed-quantity supply device as illustrated in Figure 5, by the power plate coil 250 ℃ to the raw material supply unit, 300 to the extrusion unit A solid screw molding machine that combines a double screw type extrusion molding machine and a cutter that automatically heat and maintain a constant temperature of ℃. Solid fuel production method using waste sewage sludge and waste synthetic resins Classifying and depositing raw materials such as synthetic resins, industrial waste plastics and agricultural waste P.E and P.P among industrial wastes; A primary crushing step of cutting and crushing the waste material into a size of 100 m / m to 200 m / m, and a sorting step of selecting metals, non-metals, stones, etc., which are incombustibles mixed in these wastes; Transferring the waste raw material to the intermediate storage silo through a second crushing step of crushing the waste raw material again in a size of 30 m / m to 50 m / m, and then transferring the waste raw material to a hopper of a fixed-quantity feed mixing raw material device; On the other hand, the sewage sludge of the terminal treatment plant is transported and placed in the raw material dump, and then put into a drum type drying device using waste heat by a fixed-quantity supply screw feeder to dry the raw material having a water content of 75% to 80% to about 25%; The sludge and waste synthetic resins after the first pretreatment process are mixed at a weight ratio of 4: 6, respectively, and supplied to a drum type drying / mixing device for hot air of a heat exchanger, dried at a water content of 15%, and a neutralizing agent as an additive. The final step of the pretreatment process of adjusting and stabilizing the mixed raw materials by adding 0.5% to 0.8% of The mixed raw material is attached to the heat transfer plate coil to the twin screw extrusion and molding apparatus by means of a screw-type fixed-quantity feeding device to apply heat of 250 ° C. to 300 ° C., and to prepare a solid with sewage sludge using melt adhesiveness of waste synthetic resins. Extrusion and molding step The solidified product cooled by cold air after the extrusion and molding is cut and crushed to a size of 20m / m ~ 30m / m and recycled to a solid fuel of alternative energy. The heat source supplied to the sewage sludge drying apparatus according to claim 5 generates a portion of the solid fuel (120 kg / hr to 150 kg / hr) formed in the solidification molding step 29 in the first pyrolysis combustion apparatus 21. The waste heat (300 ° C. to 350 ° C.) through the heat exchanger of the secondary combustion exhaust heat (800 ° C. to 1000 ° C.) of the pyrolysis unburned gas is used, and the heat used as the drying heat source in the mixed material drying device 18 is heat-exchanged hot air ( 120 ℃ to 150 ℃) to dry and mix the raw materials, A pretreatment process for the preparation of mixed raw materials consisting of an additive function for neutralizing and suppressing the generation of harmful gases (SOx, HCl, etc.) of the mixed raw materials by adding a neutralizing agent (slaked lime) and stabilizing the molded product during extrusion and molding. The mixed raw material of the pretreatment process of sewage sludge and waste synthetic resin is fed to a twin screw type extrusion / molding machine by a screw type metering device, and is used for melting and adhering resins by electric coils. Necessary heat supply can be made uniformly and uniformly by supplying the heat of 250 ℃ to the raw material feed part and 300 ℃ to the extruded part by automatic control device. ~ 30m / m) to cut and crush, and partly reused as a heat source of the process and the rest is supplied to an alternative energy facility solid fuel production method.