JPS595100A - Apofocus rule and drawing plate - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In perspective drawing work, the drawing side of the ruler always matches the vanishing point (VP) set outside the right or left side of the drawing board, and accurate radial shapes can be drawn on the drawing board. This invention also relates to a far vanishing point ruler that allows you to arbitrarily set the vanishing point distance, and a drawing board that combines the ruler.

Conventionally, in order to obtain a vanishing point outside the drawing board and draw a radial line, a large drawing board or plywood board and nine separate desks were prepared, and pins were placed at arbitrary vanishing points. A special long ruler again? It is common to use methods such as 17 to obtain a radial line by tensioning a J thread, but these methods require a large working space for drawing and are prone to falling pins.

This interfered with the smoothness of the drawing process, as it required constant attention to making sure the ruler and bottle were in close contact, and methods such as tensioning the thread were not particularly useful for drawing details.

The present invention improves the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a far vanishing point ruler that makes it possible to freely draw radial lines using arbitrarily selected far vanishing points by moving the ruler passed in the lateral direction VC8 of the drawing board below -L. The main purpose of this is to move both ends of a ruler that is to be passed in the lateral direction of the drawing board-H at different predetermined magnifications.

The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.
A horizontal frame Qη is placed above 2)A and (2)H. On the back side of the framework, a rotating shaft (3) with pulleys (4)A and (4)13 attached to both ends is rotatably attached to the upper part of the frame by bearings (3)A and (3)A, and the vertical frame ( 2), (At the bottom of 21 there are pulleys (
4)c.

(4) D is rotatably attached, and the boo IJ-(4)
A.

(4) Bell between 0) (5) A is suspended, and a belt (5) is placed between Boo IJ-(4), B, and (4)D.
B is suspended.

, )-, Boo 17-14) which is coaxial among the pulleys mentioned above.
If the radius of A is rl, and the radius of pulley (4) B is r2, then rl(r2), and boolean 1l-(4)B can be replaced with one having an arbitrary diameter.Belt (5
) A, (5) B have other pins (6) A, (
61B is erected, and the vertical frame (2)A, (2)B has a hole groove (7)A in the vertical direction.

(7)B is provided, and the bottle (6)A, (6)B is a hole groove (7)A.

(7) Exiting from B, the pins (6)A, (6)B
Horizontal elongated holes a1A and (10B) provided at both ends of the ruler (9) are fitted into the protruding portions of the ruler (9).

Insert the drawing board (1) into the above framework. In FIG. 4, an arbitrary horizontal line HL is set on the drawing board (1) as a + d.

Assuming that the distance between pulleys (4) A and (4) B or (4) C and (4) D is 12, the vanishing point distance from a on the left extension of a + d is 11.
Set and take the vanishing point VP.

When the ruler (9) is slid upward to move the pin (6) A to position b, the bin (6) B stops at position e.

At this time, the left extension line of bin (6) A and bin (6) B is f(
It coincides with the vanishing point VP on L. That is, [(L) and the angle formed by the extension line e is 0.

When the ruler (9) is slid θ from e, the pin (6) A is moved to the o1 bin (6) B to f, and the extension line of f coincides with VP on f-1L. To explain this using a mathematical formula, a
Between b is tanO11, and between d and e is tanO(Il+
12). Also, between a and c there is 'ltanO11te, and between d and f there is 2tanθ(lI+12).

Also, between c is 2tanθII-tanOIIe,
f is 2tanO(I II 12 ) -tanO
((l II 12 ). Therefore, a, b, d, e
%a,c and d,f.

The quantity system of b, c, e, and f is reduced to tanO(lI+I2) N+12 tan011 II, and the left system d, e, f, or this magnification, is the left system boo! J-(4) Right boo 1-(4
) The radius or diameter and circumference are determined by multiplying H by a magnification. Therefore, the radius of left basic pulley (4) A = r
When the circumference is 2πr1 and the ruler (9) is slid up and down arbitrarily, the movement of each part is as follows: pulley (4) A is rl, pulley (4) B is r2, and pulley (4) C is r
3. BooQ - (4)D'(i? If r4, then r
2) r l ) r 3 and r 4 or r 2 = r 4:>r
l=r 3 is also fine.

In Figures 1 and 2, when the ruler (9) slides up and down, the pins (6) A and (6) are connected because the Boo 1l-(4) A and (4) B are coaxial with the rotation axis (3). B Kebel Reto (5) A
, (5) B via pulley (4) A , (4
) Rotate B at the same time.

At this time, the transition length of pin (6)B with respect to the transition of pin (6)A is 2πr2-2πr1.

In addition, the upper side (drawing side) of the ruler (9) has long holes 00A at both ends,
(10B and pin (6) A, (center of 61B and ruler (
9) Line up with the tip of the pencil lead.

Also, when the ruler (9) is horizontal β (6) A, f
6) If the distance B is 12 and the distance when the ruler (9) is tilted to its maximum is h, then a length margin of β2'+11'12 is required. Place this on a ruler (9) with long holes 0 on both ends.
0A, 00B share 1. The lengths of the long holes (lIA, QIB) and the vanishing point distance Il!#l+ in the equation H can be arbitrarily set and determined, and a large number of pulleys can be prepared.

According to the explanation, Boo IJ − (4) A < (4) in Zuo Suitun
B, but at the right vanishing point, (4) If A>4B, it becomes a cloth speed vanishing point ruler with the same effect.

In addition, H i can be placed in the horizontally tilted state or in any arbitrary state above, in the center, or below in the figure (1) and H.

You may also start the ruler (9) at the position. At this time, start by loosening either (5) A or (5) B and tightening the belt (5) to the specified position. It is also used to convert r'2 of pulley (4).

In the above, even if the ruler (9) is started from an arbitrary position, by drawing a line on the upper side of the ruler (9), the extension line will always accurately match the set vanishing point VP outside the drawing board, This makes it easier to draw a lunar linear line and allows for the ability to draw j/i perspective drawings that include quick vanishing points.

Mataboo IJ - (4) A and f4) II f7) Radius rl = r2 Pulley (4) C and (4) D No radius r3 =
In the case of r4 or rl=r 2=r 3=r 4 and l, the ruler (9) always moves in parallel since the pins (6)A and (6)fl(7) transitions simultaneously have the same transitional major. In addition, regardless of whether it is horizontal or oblique, it moves parallel from the starting position, and the line is drawn to obtain a parallel line. Therefore, if this pulley is prepared, it is extremely convenient to improve and combine the perspective drawing board according to No. 13274.

The vanishing point ruler described in the previous section is suitable for intuitive drawing by experienced drafters, but in this example, even inexperienced drafters can easily draw accurate perspective drawings by using the perspective drawing star line method to use the plan view as it is. It is something.

In Figure 5, a plurality of parallel horizontal lines @A~(22
Place J and vertical lines (1)A, (A)B at both ends of drawing board Q1)
The vertical lines elA and (to) B are arranged symmetrically to the right, and the horizontal line at the bottom A is the vertical dotted line 81'L. The upper horizontal line, for example (a) F, @I-1, (a) J, is the screen PPIL, PP2
L, PPaL, and from the perspective star line method, the base of the right triangle corresponds to screen 1'P. Also, the vertices (c)A-(c)D of the right triangle are located on 8PL. Therefore, the right or acute angle side is called Kunimitsu, and the short side and obtuse side is called Kunimoto.
The bold side is PP+L, PP2L, PP5 on the drawing board.
If we place obtuse angle points at the intersections of L and vertical line (I), ...B, and @A and pB, and the apex 90° point is located on 8PL, for example, the angles of the bases of the right triangle are 656 and 25°.
, 75° and 15°, 80° and 10°, 45° and 45°, etc. overlap symmetrically, and there are many SPs on the SPL, and imaginary acute angles are located on the left and right outside of the drawing board Q'D. be done.

Each is used for the thick side vanishing point VP on the drawing, and the horizontal line fJ4
B and @J are used for the horizontal line HL. The requirements of each of the above-mentioned intersections and the positions of the vertical points SF are clearly marked with symbols to facilitate understanding of the classification of right triangles in the drawing and the positional relationship in use depending on the selection of horizontal line 1 (L).

Also, each intersection of (e) B-@J and (e) A, JB (c) A
, B and many 8P points are provided with removable pins (E) or retractable pins.

The above-mentioned drawing board Q→ and the vanishing point ruler according to the present invention are used together.

Picture board 6 ahead! → Vertical lines (E) at both ends A and B are vertical frames (2
) m, (2) B hole groove <7) h, (7) B used together with the pin) may be fixed in place, and in this explanation, the hole groove (
Use 7) A and (7) B.

Point A of the right triangle in Figure 6 = 75°, point C = 15°
, D point = 90°B-Q=)1, then A-(3=lI+
12=htan75+htan15.

Therefore, (4)B~r for pulley (4)mu=rl
2 is multiplied by rl to determine the radius of r2, and the upper side of the ruler (9) always intersects on the perpendicular to the 0 point.

By attaching the vertical frames (2) A, (2) B, the horizontal frame α°C, and the ruler (9) to the drawing board Qη, it becomes possible to draw diagram @7.

In Figure 7, for interior angles (right triangles), Boo I
J-(4)A and (4)B are the states shown in the figure. Plan view (1) is on the base point -1fPP parallel to the angle of view SP
When fixed in any position when viewed from the side, the elongated hole (1) of the ruler (9)
Insert 0B into the pin (c) at point 8P and each corner of the plane (c) B
, (e) Align ruler (9) with C and draw another line (line of sight) FLI
.

Draw a line from FL2 to PP. Next, drawing Q → top (A) B
~ (a) Select J arbitrarily and draw HL2 on the drawing paper. In this case, the hole groove (7) B in the right vertical frame (11) is the right vanishing point ■P, and the left vanishing point is imaginary outside the drawing board e21). be. Next, use another ruler to P
Draw false perpendiculars PL+, PL2, PLs from the intersection of (a) B and (c) C obtained on P and the base point -A. Baseline P
Since LI is a height measurement line, the eye height OL is taken below fiL, and the building height is plotted above OL and Q.

Pin the left and right hanging holes QIA and QOB of the ruler (9) (6) A
, i6) Fit and pel B) (5) A, (5)
Loosen either B and align the upper side of the ruler (9) with HL.Move the ruler (9) at the height of the building plotted above the destination PLI, draw a line between PL2 and PLI, and lower it downward to align with OL. Draw a line in the same way. Next, point 00B on the ruler (9) to the right V
Insert it into the bottle of P and draw a vertical line between PLI and PLsO to make the perpendicular line a solid line.

In this way, complex drawings using fast vanishing points can be easily drawn using a normal drawing board space.

In addition, by calculating 11 by setting the angle of view and determining r2, the vanishing point distance is not limited to the drawing board as in Utility Model Publication No. 57-13274, and it is possible to draw with a wide range of angles of view. The drawing method used is easy to understand and has an effect that is particularly suitable for complex drawings.

In the present invention, if a pulley (4)B having a variable diameter as shown in FIG. 8 is used, for example, it is no longer necessary to replace the pulley (4)B. In Figure 8 (4)
B (1) is the core circle, and core circle (4) B (1)
A pair of support rods f4) B (2) are passed from the support rods (4) B (2), and the support rods (4) B (2) are connected to the pulley shell (4) 8 (
I support 3). Is it outside the pulley? 6(4) B (
Pushing 3) in the direction of the arrow will reduce the diameter of pulley C4)B.

Since the present invention has the above configuration, by selecting a predetermined diameter of the pulley on which the belt supporting both ends of the ruler body is suspended, the vanishing point distance outside the drawing board can be set arbitrarily and infinitely. It is widely used and rays sharing a desired vanishing point can be easily plotted. By combining the above-mentioned ruler with a drawing board for creating perspective drawings using a different line method, perspective drawings with various angles of view can be easily drawn.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of the framework, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the framework, Fig. 3 is a side view, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of the invention, and Fig. 5. 6 is a plan view of the drawing board, FIG. 6 is an explanatory drawing showing the drawing principle, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the perspective drawing procedure, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the variable pulley. In the figure, (4)A, (4)B, (4)C, (4)
D... Pulley, (5) A, (5) B...
...Belt, (9) ...Ruler, (1), al)
...Drawing board, (a) A, -L,, -(2) J...
・Horizontal line, (E) A, (E) B...Vertical line, 6nA,
? , 41B・Mark intersection bu 1 mouth 11 bu 3 mouth, t4 loo l J12

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Consists of a ruler main body, a pair of bars 1v) supporting both ends of the ruler main body, and four pulleys on which the pair of bears L/) are suspended; The diameter of at least one of the two pulleys on which one of the pair of legs is suspended is made to be different from the diameter of the pulley opposing the pulley of the two pulleys on which the other is suspended. A far vanishing point ruler 2 characterized in that these are co-axes, and a plurality of horizontal lines and a plurality of vertical lines that intersect perpendicularly to the horizontal lines and are placed symmetrically, A bin is set up at the position of the apex of a predetermined right triangle that is assumed to be in Figure 2-H, and a bin is set up with the one located at the lowest point of the horizontal line as a standing point line, and A drawing board with bottles set upright on both ends of the object, a ruler removably passed across the drawing board in a lateral direction, a pair of pins supporting both ends of the ruler body, and the pair of The diameter of at least one of the two pulleys on which one of the pair of belts is suspended and the diameter of at least one of the two pulleys on which one of the pair of belts is suspended is A drawing board characterized in that the pulleys facing the pulley have different diameters and are coaxial.