JPS5932742A - Heat accumulating type heating apparatus and heating method thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a portable independent heat accmulating type heating apparatus by a structure wherein air type solar heat collector and latent heat accumulators are housed within a single box and circulating air passages are also arranged within the box. CONSTITUTION:The air type solar heat collectors A are arranged on one vertical surface of a tall rectangular box so that their heat collecting surfaces form the surface of the box and the latent heat accumulators B consisting in assembling in a special configuration a large number of cans, each of which has a special form and in each of which substance causing phase transition at service temperature is sealed, is arranged within the box at the back of the collectors A. Chambers 1 and 2 are provided at the ceiling part of the box for communicating the airs in the collectors A to each other and for forming an air circulation circuit of the heat accumulators B and chambers 3 and 4 are provided at the lower part of the box so as to correspond to the chambers 1 and 2 respectively and to be connected through flow passage change-over dampers 7-10 to the blower 6 in a machine room 5 installed beneath the chambers 3 and 4. The air containing heat collected at the heat collectors A is circulated to the heat accumulators B in order to give the heat to the heat accumulating substance. The heat accumulated in the heat accumulators B is released to a load 13 by driving the blower 6 under the conditions that the dampers 7 and 9 are closed and the dampers 8, 10, and 11 are open.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention (・Compact i thermal storage heater VC that uses solar heat during the summer period as a heating heat source during the winter period)
related.

True energy-saving heating can be achieved by using VR as a heat source for heating and hot water in the winter so that all the solar heat available in the summer or mid-season can be utilized. The purpose of the invention is to achieve this ideal, and also to configure all of this as one compact device so that the heating operation of the ICC devices can be controlled appropriately according to the load VC. .

For this purpose, the present invention provides an air-type solar collector and a latent heat storage tank in one box.
A thermal storage heating system consisting of an air passage through which air can be circulated in one direction, and a collection of 1ζ can bodies arranged entirely in a latent heat storage tank filled with a substance that can change its phase at the operating temperature. This is what Hanzen offers.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The detailed configuration of the thermal storage heating device of the present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall view of the device of the present invention, which has a vertical rectangular shape.
Figures 1 and 2 are as shown in Figure 1. ■-II
The whole cross-section shown by the line ' is 1, but one vertical plane of the vertically long rectangular box is 1/7: pneumatic solar collector Δ(
Hereinafter, a medium Vζ heat collector Δ) is installed so that its heat collecting surface becomes the box surface, and this heat collector A
VCVii'lJ heat sv1. Tank B is installed '19.3 RV, Ru 3, As will be detailed later, this heat storage tank I3 is filled with substances that can change phase at the operating temperature. Kaai (~1
It's a small thing.

A chamber 2 for air communication of the heat collector A and a chamber 1 for the air circulation circuit of the heat storage tank B are provided on the ceiling of the box. The planar arrangement of the chambers 1 and 2 is shown in FIG. 4 (cross section taken along the IV arrow in FIG. 1), and the chamber 1 consists of 18, 1b1, chamber 2, and 2a to 2d. 11, the planar arrangement of the heat collector A and the heat storage tank 13 is shown in FIG. On the other hand, a chamber 6 for air communication to the heat collector and a chamber 4 for air circulation in the heat storage tank B are also provided at the bottom of the heat collector A and the heat storage tank 3. Figure 6 (Vl arrow cross section of Figure 1) VC is shown and Hirochi A'
Chamber 3 [3a and 3b, chamber 41d 4a ~ 4
( ). This lower chamber = lower Vc machine room 5 is provided, and a blower 6 and flow path switching dampers 7 to 10 are installed in FIG. 7 (cross section taken along the Vll arrow in FIG. 1) tl'C-J-, J: Installed in a vertical arrangement.

The lower chambers 3a, 31) communicate with chambers 3a, 3b of the machine room 5.

In the illustrated example, two heat collectors A, A1 and A, of the same type are placed side by side, and one heat collector A is the same as the other heat storage tank B.
In this example, eight air passages each consisting of a long sword body extending in the vertical direction are arranged in parallel, and five heat storage units, which will be described later, are stacked in each air passage. To explain the flow of air in this example, first, heat is collected by the heat collector A/heat storage tank 1-3.
In heat storage operation VC with 1 fc circulation, dampers 7 and 9 are opened, dampers 8 and 10 are closed, and 6 blowers are driven. This VC, 1: Machine room chamber 6Fl
From collector A, VC air enters upwards and connects -1 from some chambers ia to 11] 12'''U side of heat collector A2 +/C After entering downwards and descending, the air in Fig. 6 From the lower chamber 5b, the eleventh child of the heat storage tank, Yanbar 4
Enter dv'C. In this process, the air passes through the heat collectors A1 and A2 [...] and the air enters the heat storage tank B side (L,
This heat storage 4* Bv vertically long VC heat storage units (1 to 1 in Fig. 5) are stacked independently from each other, and first, from the lower chamber 4d) to the 5th VC heat storage unit. Figure q) Enter room A.

- All chambers A here - 1 - Ascend 1 column - 1 part chamber - Enter 2cF, then from this 2c to chamber D [Descend.

Chamber 0 goes all the way up and goes down one step, lower chaff bar 4b VC connects chamber A with VC, chamber H goes up all the way and enters chamber A in chamber 2a lfC, and when it enters chamber 2 from this 2a, it is l' -y (1 to - chamber (lower 1" Y-1 → 4a-+bo chamber E
-1'4) -to2b -+-, chamber (lower 14)
→4 C-) l-chamber (-1-rise) →2(↓ →
The air flows through the Qi room (1・薯可) in the order of V, and first, there are people in the lower room. C (ru. By this, the heat collector A-
C Heating 7 Σ Re 7 This is done in the heat storage tank B V (and the heat is stored in the heat storage material VcJXj. Through(
It enters the machine room and is recirculated again in the same manner as above by the blower B. This air circulation system is illustrated diagrammatically and will be better understood from FIG.

Next, we will explain the air passage when the heat dissipation operation of this heat storage heater is performed, that is, the full load of heat stored in the heat storage tank B (13 in Figure 6) VC heat is dissipated. 8.10.11 Fully open the blower 6, (drive 1.), the load 16, and the inlet 12 all the way to the machine room. It enters the chamber of the heat storage tank, circulates inside the heat tank as described above, and flows out. 7 fully open, DAN

r- J two V, storage of unexploded UJ1 191 aircraft 1': ↓, one box V'l/L'X pneumatic solar heat collection d, = A, latent heat storage tank ■ 3, this A and 13 have 1 side and 5 f, both of which have a switchable VC circulation system, VC [, 11 air passages are all arranged and 7 are drawn, and this latent heat sound is A major feature of the heat tank is that it is composed of an assembly of 10 cans, all of which contain substances that can change their phase at the operating temperature.The detailed structure of this latent heat storage tank will be described in detail below.

By using the latent heat during solidification of the substance i'-&1: to disintegrate it and composing the thermal device it'c, it is possible to create a large number of heat storage units per unit volume, so it is possible to
There is a side. In such a heat storage device, a heat storage material is usually enclosed in a closed container (1/i) so that the entire wall of the container can be used to exchange heat with a heat medium fluid such as water or air.

As heat storage materials for storing heat by utilizing such phase transformation, various hydrated salts such as CaC46i120. N
a,,,80410H20,Na,,S203・5
H20, or a hydrous phosphate mixture such as Na2HP
04-NaH,, PO2-KH2PO4-I (20, or Y'+ trichrome compounds such as ethylenediamine/etc., or oils and fats such as paraffin etc. have been proposed.The melting points of these substances differ, but depending on the heat receiving temperature Therefore, by selecting a substance with an appropriate melting point, sealing it in a sealed container, and storing heat in the form of latent heat, a large amount of heat can be stored per unit volume, and heat can be released and stored many times. This can be repeated.In general, if such a latent heat storage body stores the same amount of heat, the weight ratio is 115 of water and 1/25 of rock, and the volume ratio of water is 1/25. 1/8 of the rock, 1 of the rock
It is said to be about /17.

However, even if the advantage of storing heat in the form of latent heat is theoretically obvious, there are various problems in putting it into practical use. This problem can be divided into two problems: problems with the transformation and deterioration of the heat storage material rH, and problems with the structure of the heat storage device. In the case of the former 1C, metamorphosis and deterioration of the heat storage material can be avoided by completely enclosing the heat storage material inside the gold container to avoid air and water intrusion, but this is not possible in a large heat storage container on a practical scale. It is not easy to achieve this complete encapsulation, and in this case, the heat exchange efficiency of 1c with the heat transfer fluid is inevitably reduced. In the latter case, 1. It is not easy to construct a complete system that can efficiently respond to fluctuations in the amount of heat received during heat storage and fluctuations in the amount of heat required to be recovered when recovering the stored heat. This is the problem.

The present invention solves this problem and configures the heat storage tank J3 (
The tank containing the heat storage material is constructed from a collection of small-scale units (can bodies), and heat exchange between the heat storage material in each unit can and the heat medium (air) can be performed effectively. (It's one small thing).

FIGS. 8 to 22 show the structure of a can housing a latent heat storage material according to the present invention and an example of its assembly. This will be explained step by step below.

Figure 8 shows one of the basic types of the heat storage unit (can body) of the present invention.
This shows an example, and the top and bottom of the cylinder 15 are covered with lids 16 and 16'.
IC, J: At the same time, the center part 1c of the lids 16 and 16' [a small cylinder 17 coaxial with the cylinder 15 is attached airtightly, and the cylinder 15, the lid 16, 16', and the small cylinder 17 A latent heat storage material that changes phase at the operating temperature is hermetically sealed in four airtight spaces. Fig. 9 shows a state in which four of these units are arranged in the same direction, and this 7''1. is a single layer when one unit is housed in each chamber I to F in Fig. 5. When this kl is laminated downward, a collective state is formed in each chamber.As shown in Fig. 9, when all the air flows in the vertical direction of this single layer VC, the small VC air flows within the cylinder 17 and between the gaps between the units (outside the cylinder 15).

Figure 10 shows a joining method in which the air flow is completely mixed when each unit is stacked in the vertical direction to further enhance heat exchange, and a special ring joint 19 is used for the stacked joining VC. It is. This ring joint 19
C. As shown in FIG. 11, an opening 20 through which gas passes is provided between the lower rings 21 and 22, and the heat accumulator to be stored is connected to the upper and lower rings 21 and 22. The end of the unit is fully fitted 0, and the support plate 2
3 (FIG. 14) is supported at the center of this ring joint 19.

Reference numeral 24 indicates an overhanging piece for receiving these 25 support plates. By using this support plate 23 (- and stacking the heat storage unit l/i: g) and slightly disconnecting all the connections between the small cylinders, one part of the gas flowing from the small cylinder 17 to the small cylinder 17 can be opened. The gas flowing outside the can body collides with the support plate 251/c (this support plate 23 functions as a pan full plate) and flows out from this opening 20. An air current flows into the VC inside the small cylinder, and the air mixes between the outside and inside of the can (the small cylinder), causing heat exchange between this gas and the heat storage material. This is effectively done over the entire area of the heat storage material within each heat storage unit.

rxvc, 12th [RJV'c showing knee 71-if,
・A coil for circulating water and metal is incorporated inside the unit shown in Fig. 8. When the unit shown in Fig. 12 is used in the thermal storage heater of the present invention, in addition to heating air, it also generates hot water 1.
11 You can also get other types of hot water at the same time. In other words, in the unit shown in FIG.
It is tshi. One end of the coil 26 is placed below the
9, 2 which protrudes above the other 4iri can body and maintains airtightness even when the coil end is in contact with this can body.
6 is an injection port for the heat storage material, 27 is an outlet 14i for the heat storage material, and after filling the heat storage material, the injection C' 126 and 1 non-exit 27 are left blank (-).In this way, the heat storage material'
)f: A container/bar is formed to enclose the heat medium, and a passage for the heat medium coupling flow 1-1ζ, that is, a small cylinder 17 and a coil 26 are formed in this container. The small cylinder 17 is used as a passage for a gas such as air, and the coil 26 is used as a passage for a liquid such as water. The lower left and right sides of the illustrated heat storage unit l-r, j The outlet e of the small cylinder 17' shown by the broken line in another heat storage unit of the same type is aligned and connected with the inlet [ ] of the small cylinder 17 shown by the solid line, and similarly the coil 2
6 is also designed so that the LiSO and inlet can be connected to piping.

FIG. 13 schematically shows the complete configuration of one unit of heat storage tank by combining eight heat storage units shown in FIG. 12. This one unit heat storage tank is assembled at the four corners of a rectangle as shown in Fig. 13, and consists of four vertical hollow pipes a to d, and these hollow pipes a, -b. , b-
A framework consisting of four vertical hollow pipes placed on the center sides between c, c=d, and d-a, one vertical hollow pipe CP located in the center, and a sword 1. It is constructed by housing eight heat storage units in two stages.

Among these hollow pipes, 1 except for the central bizo CPf
Those around ζ are shared with the adjacent tanks when all of the heat storage tanks in one unit are assembled next to each other. 71i:
For the V7- of the lamination of each unit, it is preferable to use the ring joint 19 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 and the baffle plate 25 shown in FIG. 14.

Fig. 15 shows an example of the planar arrangement of the air and water circulation units shown in Figs.
In the figure 'T', the corner pipes of the adjacent unit heat storage tanks are both +4-1 in the two-down direction of the paper, but in the direction of the formation (left and right of the paper in the figure), the sides of the adjacent unit heat storage tanks are shared as a pipe. The sword 1 serves as a support for combining and fixing all of these pipes (a-cl, ・1-2, C, P) and the V-yu heat storage unit.
Coil 26 (12th
Figure) The total pressure tank 1c is connected to the heat medium piping for circulating water and metal.In each unit heat storage tank, each pipe is connected to the A total of 6 horizontal support plates 25 (top, middle, and bottom) are used to position each other 16 times.
With the 9 pipes and 6 support plates positioned in this way, 8 heat storage units become 4 cylinders stacked 2 each along the axis, and these 4 simple It consists of one unit of heat storage tank. By stacking the small cylinders 17 (FIG. 12) along the axis, the small cylinders 17 (FIG. 12) are aligned and connected to each other, allowing air to pass through them.

Next, according to the present invention, the heat storage device 1 (-,
The throat will be explained according to FIGS. 16 to 22. In this unit, the inside of a closed can body V7 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 12F and a bank of annular containers are stacked, and the latent heat storage material is completely enclosed in each annular bank. FIG. 16 is an external view of this ring-shaped container, and conceptually shows a state in which the ring-shaped containers 32 are individually stacked concentrically as shown in the figure. It is sealed inside the can as shown in the figure.

FIG. 17 shows a cut L along a plane passing through the central axis of this annular container 62.
7 is a sectional view showing the inside of this donut-shaped ring-shaped container 62.
CR! A heat storage material 61 as described above for latent heat storage is enclosed. This heat storage material 51-4 is mixed with the heat storage material along with a separation preventive agent such as glass wool, aluminum, metal molding such as Noah/Res, etc., including synthetic fiber filter media [2・This ring-shaped container 32 may be made of metal, but if the entire ring is made of synthetic resin film or cant, it will be easier to make the warehouse.
Enclosing the T' heat storage material is also easy. 66 (The lid is shown here, but when this lid 361.1 is used, it must be sealed once to ensure a complete seal with the main body.'5゜Figure 18 is an enlarged view of the Δ section in Figure 17. It is a diagram, and the annular volume H(
An example of configuration 1 is shown in which the corrugated surface 67 has all the irregularities on the wall surface of 52. By using such a corrugated surface groove 7, it is possible to increase the heat transfer area of the annular container 32 by a width f, and between the outside atmosphere of the annular container 2 and the heat storage material filter 1 inside the annular container 32. ] Heat grit, 7 out of 2 good.

Fig. 19 is a longitudinal cross-section showing an example of a unit in which the annular container 32 is installed inside the can body.
The figure shows a cross section taken along the line xx' and is 1ξ.
As shown in FIG. 7, the annular container 52 in which the heat storage material 31 is completely enclosed is stacked in a can body 15 having an air passage along the axis in the center. Showing 9
7 Can body 15 (for example, a cylindrical drum with a volume of about the size of a 1-ton can, with a coaxial small cylinder 17 in the center of the drum and the bottom plate 1
The small cylinder 17 and the bottom plate 16' and the upper cover 16 and the outer peripheral body of the can body are hermetically joined to each other. The bags of the annular containers 62 are stacked and loaded into the double cylindrical space of the can body 15 formed in this way, and the gaps between the banks and the gap (space) V between the banks and the can bodies are Insert the heat transfer material. Is this heat transfer material a substance that is normally liquid at the operating temperature of this unit? When used, J
2.3. Heat transfer between the annular container and the can body is increased by enclosing this liquid! When F is good, it can also serve to prevent leakage when the VC heat storage material is in a molten state. Latent heat storage j constructed in this way (]
Unit base, atmosphere outside the can body 15 (e.g. air flow)
Since heat is effectively transferred to and from the air flow in the air passage 33, the amount of heat storage and heat dissipation per unit volume can be greatly increased by connecting or aggregating a large number of these units. And the storage period of F) °5 is also from summer to winter.
It is possible to construct a heat storage tank that can last for a long period of time.

Figures 21 and 22 show the case where both gas (e.g. air) and liquid (e.g. water) are used as the heat medium (/
'C shows an example of an advantageous latent heat storage unit, and the second
As shown in Figure 1, a large-diameter ring completely filled with heat storage material,
The small-diameter ring-shaped container 32b, which is completely filled with a heat storage material like the shaped container 32a, and gold are stacked so that a double ring is formed, and the inside of the can body 17v in FIG. 22 (L is loaded. A small-diameter annular container 32b' (7) is placed concentrically inside the large-diameter annular container 32a and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter annular container 52a.
5 was stacked and loaded in a can body 17 having a J-size. 1. In the can body 17, an outer ring laminate consisting of a large-diameter annular container 52a and a small-diameter annular container 5 are placed.
2b is formed. A coil 26 for flowing a liquid heat medium is arranged in a gap 41 between the outer ring laminate and the inner ring laminate. The same as explained in Figs. 19 and 20 except that this double layered inner and outer ring laminate is completely formed and the coil 26 is arranged. Noshika 1ζ is produced. In addition, a liquid heat transfer material can be filled in the voids in the can body 17 in which the annular containers 32a and 52b and the coil 26 are arranged. It will be done.

The heat storage units shown in Figures 16 to 22N (~1) will also be explained about the heat storage units shown in Figures 8 to 12.
In the same manner, they can be bonded or laminated together to form the heat storage tank 13 of the present invention.

The heat storage heater of the present invention can store solar heat for a long period of time during the summer and intermediate seasons. In other words, if all the heat storage operations described above are carried out during the season of strong solar radiation and all the heat storage materials in each unit in the heat storage tank B are melted, unless the heat medium flow is actively carried out, more specifically, the second to 3. If the blower 6 in Fig. 7 is stopped and the dampers at various locations are fully closed, and if the water circulation mechanism is installed in front of the hot water supply system, if the water circulation is completely stopped, this heat storage material will melt. This state can be maintained for a long time, and even though some of the solidification heat is consumed for keeping the system warm, most of it can be used for heating and hot water supply in the winter.

Next, a heating method W using this latent heat storage will be explained.

The thermal storage heating device of the present invention is particularly suitable for general residential use,
- One or more 1ζ units are installed in each door, and their heat storage capacity is used as part or all of the heating heat source during the harsh winter months. In this case, in order to avoid wasting the amount of latent heat radiated and to radiate heat in a controlled amount according to the load VC, it is preferable to use an underfloor hot air circulation system. That is, closed to the space under the floor of the building! - Forming an air circulation path 1~, this underfloor air circulation path v
c All the air passages of the heat storage heater of the present invention described above are connected, and the heat collector A
It is preferable to circulate a controlled amount of air between the heat storage tank B and this underfloor air circulation path.

FIG. 26 shows a complete diagram of this heating method, and shows an example in which a microcomputer .mu. is used for open side operation. In the figure, 45 indicates an underfloor air outgoing path, and 46
(3) It is an underfloor air return path, and from this underfloor air outgoing path 45, all the air in the living room, bedroom, kitchen, and other underfloor paths 45a to 45c is circulated, and the air after that is substantially returned to the underfloor air return path 46. ζBlower 6V'C allows complete closed circulation between the storage heater and the underfloor air passage. Elements are shown, and i7 (47-49 is a switch mechanism consisting of a temperature sensor and a relay that follows it, 50-
521r: h47 to 49VCJj) shows an automatic damper that turns ON-oFp, and 56 to 54 shows a temperature sensor for heat storage tank B.

The blower 6 is capable of fully adjusting the air volume by a variable speed motor, and is set to 1C so that the air volume can be controlled by 1ζζ according to the load using commands 47 to 49. Dimensions 7, during heat storage operation (
Even so, the commands VC of 53 and 54 are used to perform supine operation with a capacity of 1 jlJ. During heating operation, the microcomputer μ controls the closing and opening of dampers 7 to 11 (H, the opening and closing control of dampers 5 to 52, and the rotational opening of the blower motor @1) according to the required load of each room. VC is calculated, and control is automatically performed based on this F.

In this way, according to the present invention, the purpose 1ζ mentioned at the beginning is suitably achieved, and the excess solar heat in the middle of the summer season is utilized without waste during heating during the winter season. It is manufactured as an independent device that handles transportation, and the size of this device unit can be manufactured according to the size of the house, or it can be made into one bag per bag @ all combinations to correspond to the load. It is convenient to manufacture and use, and it greatly contributes to true stingray saving and energy heating f1.
-.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view showing one example of the device of the present invention;
4 is a plan sectional view of the tV section in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a plan sectional view of the V section, and FIG. Figure 7 is a plan sectional view of the part ■, Figure 8 is an overall perspective view showing an example of the heat storage unit, Figure 9 is a perspective view showing an example of the combination of the units in Figure 8, and Figure 10 is the FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of a unit connection joint I. FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of a heat storage unit. FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of unit connection. A perspective view showing an example of the combination of the units shown in Fig. 12, and Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing an example of the combination of the units shown in Fig. 12.
15 is a plan view showing an example of the planar arrangement of the unit in FIG.
The figure shows an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 17, Fig. 19 shows another example of the heat storage unit, f is a vertical sectional view, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig.
21 is a laminated conceptual diagram showing another example of a bank, FIG. 22 is a vertical sectional view showing another example of a heat storage unit, and FIG. 25 is a heat storage heater of the present invention. It is a control flow diagram of /ζth explaining the driving force method. A...Air type solar heat collector, B...Latent heat storage tank, 1
．． 2..."Second part Channo (-16, 4...Toe eaves chamber, 5...Machine room, 6...Variable speed blower, 7
~11...-damper, 14... air outflow path, 12...
・Air inflow path, 13...Load, 45...Underfloor air outgoing path, 46...Underfloor air return path, 50-52...Damper, μ...Micro 217 computer, door Fig. 1 81”1 17 Fig. 9 Fig. 15 - 243- Fig. 17 Fig. 18 Fig. 19 Fig. 20 Fig. 21

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In one box, pneumatic solar collector A,
The latent heat storage tank I3 and 7 air passages are arranged so that air can be circulated switchably between both Δ and B, and the latent heat storage tank B changes phase at the operating temperature. A thermal storage heater consisting of an assembly of cans that contain all possible substances. (2) An air circulation path is formed in the underfloor space of the building, and the air path of the regenerative heater according to claim 1 is connected to the underfloor air circulation path, and the air-type solar heat collector of the regenerative heater is A heating method for completely circulating a controlled amount of air through the latent heat storage tank 13 and the underfloor air circulation path.