JPS5924855A - Grinder for developer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a developer having excellent fluidity, developability, transferability, etc. with good efficiency, by dividing a grinding chamber to small grinding chambers by means of partition plates, and providing the passages for the ground material between the grinding vanes under rotation and the inside walls of the grinding chambers and pulverizing the kneaded mixture of a binder resin and a coloring agent. CONSTITUTION:The inside of a casing 6 provided with a feed port and discharging port for a kneaded mixture of a binder resin and a coloring agent consists of an inlet volute chamber 9, grinding chambers 8 divided to small grinding chambers by means of partition discs 5 and an outlet volute chamber 10, and rotary vanes 4 are provided to the circumference of a revolving rotor 2 in contact with the plates 5 in the respective grinding chambers in the stage of pulverizing said mixture. The flow passages for the ground material are formed between the forward end parts of the vanes 4 and the liner 7 having the many grooves on the inside wall surfaces of the casing. A distributor 3 is provided in the inlet side in order to disperse the ground material charged into the chambers uniformly in the grinding chambers, whereby a grinding device is manufactured. The device adapted to the manufacture of a toner which has excellent fluidity, etc. within the grain size region where there is virtually no need for classification, and does not require the treatment for spheroidization, more particularly a magnetic toner is thus obtd.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for reducing the number of present inventions when producing a reagent composition.
The present invention relates to a pulverizer for mechanically pulverizing a product.

Conventionally, various imaging agents have been used to quantify the electrostatic charge formed on an electronic method (generally a photoreceptor made of a light-guiding material).

If you use the late manifestation iron, you can make a copy of one of the four methods that has excellent ability to release static images. However, the use of organic solvents is not preferred from a hygiene perspective (and is inconvenient to handle), so they are not used much at present.

Dry type current iron agent G engineering 1 You force rc
Although it is inferior, it overcomes the above disadvantages and has advantages such as high-speed copying, so today it is used in copying machines.
4! Ha1j is the mainstream. Furthermore, in recent years, the current I45
! A one-component magnetic toner that has the advantage of improving the lifespan of elasticity, which is practically at the limit of exposure, and also makes it easier to remove the particles. The u;l tail is crowned.

As in the case of the two-component toner with i+, the -component magnetic toner contains at least a binder resin and a magnetic 1〆L agent. It is produced by colliding and pulverizing.However, the magnetic toner thus crushed has a wider particle IW distribution than the two-component toner. Moreover, the yield after classification is minimal and the manufacturing cost is increased.

Magnetic toner V obtained by so-called jet pulverization as described above is particularly difficult to maintain due to sufficient pressure constant property. I don't like it.

Toner flow! A spray drying method is known as a method for making the surface shape of V-shaped toner spherical or nearly spherical in order to improve the 18h properties. However, since the spray drying method uses a bath agent, there is a risk of explosion, and a device to recover the bath agent is required. is large and expensive.

Another method for making the surface shape of toner spherical is to treat pulverized toner in a hot air oven to melt the toner surface and make it spherical. In this method, in order to produce toner, the toner is processed in a hot air oven after being crushed, which increases the number of manufacturing steps, and generates coarse particles because each particle is 11" in size due to the hot air treatment.

Therefore, in order to remove these coarse particles, the toner must be subjected to a new tV classification.

B] Melting and kneading a resin composition containing baby particles, cooling and crushing into grains having an average grain size of about 10 to 50 microns,
In the jet 1-disintegration method, the average particle size is 2 to 3 microns or more.
With the fine particles of
unpulverized coarse particles larger than s cron are present,
] 9i constant grain size
] It is extremely difficult to prevent this using V alone.

θ), 11T1 fat #+lL', which refers to magnetic fine particles.
i, a safe and efficient structure for atomizing materials (
1. The appearance of blindness is long-awaited.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention 1ν1 is L +il': noyotsu/
Remove the defects and use the crushing method to make the current 1 A + +i
An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing a compound with high yield and efficiency.

Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to control the pulverization method (by controlling the shape of the υL1 particle and the fd structure in Table 1).
, move! ! -1, Q) The object of the present invention is to develop an apparatus for producing a good phenolic composition.

A further object of the present invention is to create an imaginary shaving shape, surface)l'i't, iik by the crushing method, i[jIJ (+
+l t, ,'J4 fJj property, present 1'4 with good transferability! An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing a cutting composition.

The purpose of the present invention is to shape the current R agent by the crushing method.
Adjust the surface structure and use it repeatedly, term jJ! We provide an apparatus for producing a composition that is stable against changes.

The present inventors (↓As a result of investigating a method of pulverizing a resinous composition, it was found that by using a pulverizer equipped with rotating blades, an efficient and excellent powder t [magnetic current FM 7
1(j) compositions can be prepared.

That is, in the process of melt-kneading a resin composition containing at least binding A☆1 fat and magnetic powder, cooling, and then pulverizing, the molten and kneaded product is transferred to the rotary blade of a pulverizer and the pulverizer. The above-mentioned objects of the present invention are firstly achieved by means of a device which performs pulverization by contacting with the machine wall surface.

The present invention will now be explained with reference to FIG. 1.

Connect the inlet and outlet for the mixture of binder resin and layer coloring agent (+
The interior of the nickel-treated casing 6 is divided into an inlet volute chamber 9, a crushing chamber J (and an outlet volute chamber 10).

The crushing chamber 8 is divided into small crushing chambers by a partition disk 5F. Each of the small grinding chambers is provided with rotating blades 41 (4) around the circumference of the rotor 2 that rotates in contact with the partition plate, and the tip of the blade and the liner 7 having a large number of r1''Jj on the inner wall surface of the casing. The space between them forms the bIL path of the crushing I snout. There are three distributors for uniformly distributing the mixture (mixture) into the grinding chamber.

At the end of the machine, the rotor rotates at high speed, which causes a stale 6)1\l flow and pressure vibration inside the machine.

IJi! , the village is sucked in from the inlet with air [I
II! In the winding chamber 9, each unit is given 1j times of movement around the rotating axis l, which is accelerated by the distributor 3 and is evenly distributed to the grinding chamber 8. At h5e, the material is pulverized by the blade rotating impeller 4 and the liner (inner wall surface) 7, and the raw material is discharged from the volute chamber 10 together with the air by a violent overflow of air.

The device 4 according to the present invention has a result that deviates from 71"!j when magnetic fine particles are embedded in a resinous composition.
It will be done.

In the conventional pulverization method using a jet stream (jet pulverization method), pulverization of 115 minutes is performed by collision of particles with each other. On the other hand, in a pulverization method using a rotary blade or a rotary plate 1 (mechanical pulverization method), most of the pulverization is done by the 41-axis protrusion between the particles, the rotary blade, and the wall surface of the pulverizer. What is the difference in this crushing form? This is thought to be caused by differences in the particle size distribution and powder characteristics of the fine particles produced, or in the roughness and air quality.

Changing the particle size and particle size distribution of the particle composition produced by the mechanical crushing method, the rotation speed of the rotary blade, the feed meter of the resinous composition, and the distance between the rotary blade and the outer wall of the crusher 1C Therefore, 1ljll r+11 can be obtained. By adopting the one-machine crushing method of the present inventors, 4i
Each resin composition r has a particle size distribution of approximately 2.6 to 4.2
range, and the average particle size is 1υ to 50 microns +1ii
It was confirmed that control can be performed for 1 hour around S. Here, the particle size distribution is determined by measuring the particle size using a Microtrac particle size analyzer (Reeds & North Slug Co., Ltd.) and determining the average particle size d90, which corresponds to a cumulative rlj%jt fraction of fine powder of 0.9 for all particles. and the cumulative amount from fine powder [1 fraction is o, i
It is expressed as the ratio dso/d+o of the average grain size dlG. In the case of pulverization method VC, the particle size distribution must be kept within the above range)
Teal. (nj iiW Ail, l Sei 11vJ Junior High 1
tc 4311'I! (including the i-seki) in the station building (technical,
There is a tendency for the particle size distribution to become wider after crushing compared to a tll product that does not contain magnetic particles. When the content of the 1U particles is greater than the total resin A or -10 heavy oil in one composition, the tendency for the particle size distribution to become wider becomes more pronounced, so the 4 mechanical grinding method is very effective. ni;1j effect/, ``ru.

Crushed J)1. When using the cut-and-cover composition for copying rocks, etc., further classification may be required (P8). The particle size distribution is narrower (σ,) and the yield of the developer composition after classification is better when using the mechanical pulverization method than when using the mechanical pulverization method. is thicker than when using the jet crushing force method (it is obvious that it is advantageous when comparing cases where the classification degree is the same average particle size and the same particle size distribution.

The difference in particle size distribution between applying the mechanical crushing force method and when applying the Geno-pulverizing method to the same resinous composition is due to the fact that the particles are crushed by the two crushing methods. This means that there is a difference (1) between the two types.The state of particle pulverization by each pulverization method is shown in Figures 2 and 3.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the particle pulverization mode in the jet pulverization method. The first particle is pulverized along the pulverization line shown by the dashed-dotted line.

The particles are crushed mainly from the outside along the crushing lines. Therefore, grinding with n/ u/ or C/ C/ is better than A/
It occurs more in advance than the crushing of A/.

FIG. 3 schematically shows the particle pulverization mode in the mechanical pulverization method. Particle 11 is the same as in Figure 2.
>R It is crushed along the crushing line shown by the dashed line. In the case of AA and 13B shown by the thick chain line, there is [
7:6) f+'/' of relatively large-sized particles occurs.

Next, the particles, which have become slightly smaller in size, are sequentially crushed along a thin single-point chain. In other words, jet pulverization method Oj4j O
'K l-j, the particles become small pieces j'! 'L ('
< *j I:) In contrast, in the case of mechanical pulverization (in the initial stage of the process, the pulverization is pulverized into larger particles than in the case of jet pulverization, and these pulverized particles are further pulverized at 31A degrees It is divided into appropriate particle sizes.

Therefore, there are other advantages that can be considered, other than the fact that the particle size distribution is narrower due to the use of the one-way type crusher. Be・
11 According to this (common sense pulverization method, the difference in the composition between the particles that has been determined to be less than 1). [tshi(
Back (contains ic magnetic fine particles, the deviation of the magnetic 4': t' lit: etc. between the particles is reduced in one cycle. Therefore, conventional -), which is often seen in j6 in ti magnetic toner. It has become possible to provide a one-component developer which can prevent the deterioration of the copy opening due to selective development of toners and which can produce stable images at VcIIi during the first period of time.

(凋();(A new advantage when using the powder pulverization method is that the powder ?Ie mobility of the current iron agent composition is
・It is better than the one obtained by method VC. /i1: The inventors found the cause of 1 (f, Q by the submicroscope tU1 prefecture). The shape of the toner produced by the pulverization method is irregular, similar to the shape of the toner produced by the pulverization method. However, the surface shape is smoother and has fewer irregularities than toner manufactured using the jet pulverization method. Toner produced by mechanical pulverization has an irregular shape and a rough surface. Despite the irregular shape of the toner, the surface condition is smooth, so the toner after pulverization is treated with spherical treatment.
JJ i/: I=Improvement is performed and the powder flow 1/t of I/car is also improved. As an index showing powder fluidity, the following formula % formula % () (in the formula, ρTAP is the tap density of powder, ρ9.・PFX
It is the apparent density of powder. ), the crushing device of the present invention produces powder ii?・For the current iron/'+11, the powder compressibility C is the kc ratio of the conventional one.
K? +I+', d mountain (1t is equal to 1 run.

Using the machine method (,j,l,method, like this, 6f
t) The spherical housing of the toner after pulverization becomes more difficult due to the improvement of the pulverization process.

Machine 5) Crushed blade type heat fixing eyebrow machine 1 Self-cut composition and pressure fixing machine 1 In the method [Historically used conclusion 5M I lll mouth, I fl ke VC limited θ)
isn't it. It is particularly useful for crushing resin-like materials containing binder resins that are poorly compatible with each other as a binder resin component.

For example, a combination that is incompatible with each other is Bolietele/
There is a combination of wax, polypropylene wax or its curved wax-like abrasive material, styrene-based resin, acrylic 215 resin or a combination material thereof, evogyno-based resin, epoxy resin, etc. Hato (just a few examples, not too small, general VC has two types)
If the fat solubility parameter is δ1 and δ2, respectively, δ
Hou I (a combination of fingers) where the difference between l and δ2, J1 straight Δδ, satisfies Δδ:>0.5.The value of the bath-fri 11 sex parameter is [Chemistry 1tr Applied Edition Revised 2nd Edition ( 197
3 years)” or [Polywer ha++dl+o
ok 2nd Ed, Jobn willcy & 5
See ons J.

Saranko In the grinding method according to the present invention, the resinous composition is
A: When containing magnetic fine particles, it is preferable to process the magnetic particles in an amount of 50 inches or more.

1☆4 Greasy composition VC contains magnetic 1 (L as fine particles 1
Any number of years and 1 indicating [Fi(/-L) can be used. Metals such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, gold-fermented products, alloys, etc. When used as a magnetic toner, trioxide, iron sesquioxide, cobalt additive, ferrite, nickel powder, etc. are used.The particle size and shape of the magnetic injected powder may vary.菟hari composition σ) Since it is determined depending on the particle size and its characteristics, it is not limited to !1 here.

According to the present invention, the filter crushing device f? Even if fl is used, (Depending on the Vf oily composition, it may not be possible to grind it to an average particle size that can be used as a C dato toner with one powder 11 (first trial). In a, the powder according to the present invention (11) was added repeatedly until the desired average particle size was reached.
) is the first town. This f loss is j lossf;! l < In the pulverization method VC (setting the milling limit pulverized particle size to, for example, 2 to 3 microns is the 11th step, it is necessary to set the pulverized particle size to 2 to 3 microns, and the process is repeated more than once (1' to 2 The powder of 11゛ particles of ~3 microns is added from the first powder (1'v).
This occurs because the i11 heavy particle of li,'(j order 11j1.

After pulverization li', f according to the present invention, air can be circulated within the width of the chamber in the chamber.
, hi(min(7ノ〜!i murui fj, ,i min 11' and 11 muruto times, 1 niha 1 shaku and jφ1 festival with 梠ζ side and the crushing rock generates heat, so if it is cooled. It is preferable to circulate air.Temperature ttr of the circulating air, (resinous composition to be crushed (
・Appropriate temperature is selected with axis 1JII which is different from this and wider.

In a system that generates a lot of heat, it is also possible to pre-cool the resinous composition with, for example, liquid nitrogen, and instead of air, circulate nitrogen gas immediately after vaporization from the liquid nitrogen for pulverization.

According to the present invention, 6) According to the frame device 1frc, it is possible to control the particle size distribution to a point where classification after pulverization is inconvenient; May be manufactured. Further, after pulverization by the present apparatus rc or after powder classification, external additives may be mixed with the toner particles until the required V'C↓r;. Additives are used to further improve the mobility, development, transferability, and storage stability of the main composition, or to prevent filming on the photoconductor surface or to clean the toner. VC is used to improve properties, and is not intended to compensate for the drawbacks of the grinding method according to the present invention.

As mentioned above, the developer particles obtained by the mechanical pulverization method have a relatively smooth irregular surface structure that accommodates the irregularities. When mixing the resulting spherical particles with external additives, the surface of the particles exhibits a t 'r', a lI additive force, -/an
It also has the advantage that it is more effective than De Waalska et al., and that it is easier to hold stably.

For external surface machining, long chain fatty acids and their derivatives, ],
It is possible to use fine powders of resin, etc., and inorganic fine powders such as aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, warping force, carbon blank, etc.

It should be noted that the powder according to the present invention (the present invention is not necessarily composed of only one type σ), and it is not necessarily the case that the powder according to the present invention is composed of only one type [sigma]; In VC, when the developer composition is composed of 2l1ff or more, these developer compositions are those manufactured by the pulverization method according to the 5th standard of the Subbey C Book. It is also effective as a main ingredient composition of two or more types, one of which is produced by the pulverization method according to the present invention.

As a representative historical form) -=I': ai ("t
In some cases, it is used as a toner in a one-component development method, and in some cases, it is used in a two-component development method as a toner and/or carrier. In the case of (IB, sexual toner), it can be used not only for the development of magnetic latent disorders.

Some embodiments of the present invention are shown below, but it goes without saying that the present invention
The invention is not limited to these examples only. Note that the parts in the examples are 1 part by weight.

Example 1 Polystyrene t January effect (Pecolastic 1-) -125) 35
f8□μ polyethylene wax (manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd., trade name E-300) 5-Toko tyrene-vinyl acetate copolymer (manufactured by Mikata Polychemical Co., Ltd., Evaflex 420) 1 part % 1 to triiron tetraoxide (Titanue Co., Ltd.) DiqlζB-Bt) 50 i1s Car Pump Thick (Cabonoto 'E4 BP-1300) Two parts were melted and kneaded, and after cooling, they were pulverized as shown in Fig. , rotor rotation speed 6
It was crushed under the conditions of 00 rpm and a distance of 3 ropes between the blade and the outer wall.

The average particle size of the obtained toner was 12.1μ, and the particle size distribution was 3.
．． It was 6. When this toner was observed with a microscopic pupil, it was found that the shape of the toner was irregular and the surface was smooth with no irregularities. The powder compressibility of this toner was 49%. In addition, the content of particles of 5 μ or less in the toner has increased since 5 wt.
When the particles were classified using a wind classifier so that the average particle size was 15μ, the classification rate was 65. Fuji Xerox ←+32300 copying, built in one-component developing machine, 13 desks with this toner! t, linear pressure 20 after transfer to paper
When fixing was carried out with a γt roll at a constant kg/an,
It's a good picture 1 and 2).

In addition, 10 lines were copied and the image quality was stable and good, and there were no complaints about contamination inside the plane.

Comparative Example 1 (The same panshin composition as in Mouth Side 1 was crushed using a grinder using the G-T grinding method). The average particle size of the obtained toner was 11
．． The particle size distribution was 9μ and the particle size distribution t'i was 5.6. Compared to Example 1, although the average particle size is almost the same, the particle size distribution is very wide. 2.
The shape of the toner was irregular, and many irregularities were observed on the surface.The compression ratio of this toner was 55. The content of particles of 5μ or more in the toner was 5wt% or more,
When the particles were classified using an air classifier so that the average particle size was 15 μm, the classification yield was 31 μm.

The quality of the copied image was evaluated using the same operations as Example 1]1, and although the toner had the same ULF composition and particle size distribution as the toner in Example 1, the result was a solid black color than in Example 1. Image 1 elephant σ) Poor reproduction, even more VC? A phenomenon was observed in which the density of one image decreased due to M-shaping. Is this due to differences in the pulverization method, differences in toner shape and surface structure, differences in material composition, etc.? This seems to be caused by C.

Example 2 Sunalene-butyl methacrylate combined in 1 (styrene component 70φ) 16 parts low molecular weight h+-polyγmide (A1 fat (Persamide 930 manufactured by Henkel Japan) 16 days ago 1
Kustele/-butadiene copolymer (/L Chemical TR1
102)
8i'rμ triiron tetroxide (BL-50 manufactured by Titan Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
0) Melt and knead 60 parts, and after cooling, supply using a crusher of the type shown in Figure 1 (e). did. (The average particle size of the toner produced by J is 12
At 5μ, the particle size distribution i', r was 3.8. The shape and bottom surface of the toner were almost the same as those of Mli Example 1.

The compression ratio of this toner was 44%.

When the particles were classified using a power classifier under the same particle size conditions as in Example 1, the classification yield was 72%. This toner V
0.25 parts of this carbon blank (Cabot Company History 1, Motsuuri 1300) was added and mixed with 100 parts of the above toner, and one copy image was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. , extremely good image quality was obtained.

Comparative Reli 2 The same kneading composition as in Example 2 and jet pulverization method (
It was crushed in stages. The particle size of the obtained toner was 12.1 μm and the particle size distribution was 6.2. Compared to Example 2, the particle size distribution is very wide although the average particle size is almost the same.

The shape and surface shape of this toner is 1.1t''!
3! 19th 1's ``warm'')'i #f same teat. The compression rate of this toner is 49 inches, which is more fluid than the toner of Example 2! 1(I) The performance was poor. Same grain size as Example 2
When I classified using a wind classifier (C), the classification A4I rate was 32.
He was in charge.

As in Example 2, carbon bra and resin were further added and mixed, and the copy image was f8! When compared, it was found that it was the same as comparison 1 (
Child defects were observed.

Example styrene-binal methacrylate) 6411W (Styrene component: 60 parts, weight average amount: 20,000) 47 parts Low molecular weight polypropylene (t, 1!1! point approximately 130'C)
3 Yll (zinc ferrite
Fifty parts of the toner was melted and kneaded, and after cooling, the toner was crushed under the same conditions as in Example 1 and had an average particle size of 15.2μ, a particle size distribution of 3.4, and a powder compressibility of 29. When this toner was adjusted to an average particle size of 14 μm and a particle size distribution of 28 using an air classifier, the classification yield was 81. To this toner, 0.31% of carbon black was further added and mixed, and transferred using the same copying machine as in 1]1, and further heated with a hot roll at a temperature of 170"C]"' When I fixed it on the F machine, I was able to consistently obtain excellent image quality during 5,000 consecutive JJO prints.

Ratio 11su ≧ 1Tari 3 When the same kneaded powder as in Example 3 was used (11・material, ratio・1DA) was crushed using the same Né, To crusher as in Tari 1, the crushed particle size of TOTOTO was 14.7μ. The particle size distribution was 47, and the powder compressibility was 35%.

This tonneau was classified by wind with an average particle size of 14μ and a particle size distribution of 2.
When the KLW was adjusted to 8, the classification yield increased by 43%.
Noko.

This tonneau-j++':, further ('u L, same as in implementation level 3 (-)), the same i' (I+ : i't'
When I played r song, the first JIJI song 1 quality 1 work was y same Q, F
However, after about 300 images, the image temperature decreased to 61 degrees Celsius.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of the crushing device of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing how particles are crushed in the beam crushing method, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing how particles are crushed in the mechanical crushing method (1). FIG. Symbols in the figure: 1... Rotating shaft; 2... Rotor; 3... Distributor; 4... Blade; 5... Partition disk;
6... Casing; 7... Liner; 8... Grinding chamber; 9... Inlet volute chamber; 10... Outlet volute chamber; 11
···particle. (3 others) fR1 diagram no. c'

Claims (1)

[Claims] Binder resin and 7. ``■ In a pulverizing device that is equipped with an inlet for a mixture of color and hardness, a pulverizing chamber for pulverizing the mixture, and an outlet for taking out the pulverized material, what is the pulverizing chamber? The chamber is divided into small crushing chambers by Jf number of partition plates, and a crushing blade is provided which rotates while being pivotally supported in this small crushing chamber, and the tip of the crushing blade forms a bIL path of the crushed material between the crushing chamber wall + Mi. , +1i
+ A developer pulverizing device characterized in that the contaminants are pulverized by collision with a pulverizing blade and a wall of a pulverizing chamber.