JPS59231596A - Electronic musical apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention relates to a +i:c child musical instrument, and more specifically, a technique for key scaling a musical sound waveform according to the pitch (or range) of a musical tone to be generated, and a technique for creating an ac-nku effect. An electronic musical instrument (related to -) that synthesizes musical tones using a method suitable for the timbre by selectively using techniques for imparting different envelope imparting effects, such as the above, depending on the timbre of the musical tones to be generated.

Key scaling of musical waveforms is a technique that prepares two types of waveforms for each tone (1) and interpolates between the two waveforms using a scaling (weighting) coefficient that corresponds to the pitch (range) of the musical tone to be generated. However, some tones do not require key scaling, and in such cases, the multiple series of musical tone generation and control circuits prepared for key scaling are wasted. .

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that utilizes musical sound generation and control circuits without waste and is capable of synthesizing musical tones using a method suitable for the timbre to be generated. . In detail, it is possible to synthesize musical tones with desired characteristics by key scaling the musical sound waveform according to the pitch (range) of musical tones to be generated, and to synthesize musical tones by assigning mutually different envelopes to multiple musical tones. By using a common plural series of musical tone generation and control circuits, it is possible to selectively synthesize musical tones with desired characteristics according to the musical tone to be generated. This is what we are trying to provide.

Summary of the Invention The electronic musical instrument of the present invention is capable of selectively generating multiple types of waveform signals, and generates musical tones corresponding to the selected waveform signals at specified pitches. A plurality of series of generating means are provided.A waveform specifying means is provided to specify a waveform signal to be selected by each series of musical tone generating means. The waveform signal is specified.

A weighting means for key scaling and an envelope applying means for individually applying an amplitude envelope to each series of musical tone signals are provided, and the operations of the weighting means and envelope applying means are controlled according to the tone. Selectively controlled.When a tone to be key scaled is specified, the weighting means can weight each series of musical tone signals at a ratio according to the specified pitch, and the envelope The imparting means imparts a common envelope to each series of musical tone signals.However, when a tone to which an effect with a different envelope, such as an attack effect, is to be imparted is specified, the weighting means does not perform key scaling. The envelope applying means applies different envelopes (for example, an attack envelope and a sustained envelope curve) to each series of musical tone signals.

Embodiment In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the recording circuit 1o is a means for specifying the pitch of a musical tone to be generated by pressing a lock,
Key code Kc (!: b Key-on signal KON, which is °'1''' while the key is pressed, :!: Key-on pulse, which instantly becomes '1' when key suppression starts, z, KO) indicating the pressed key.
Output NP. The key code KC consists of octave codes B3 to B1 of the upper three bits and note codes N4 to Nl of the lower four bits.

The phase address generator 11, according to the key code KC,
Phase address data corresponding to instantaneous phase angle information that changes at a rate corresponding to the pitch of the musical tone to be generated is generated.

2. A plurality of series of musical tone generation means capable of selectively generating waveform signals of a plurality of types, and generating musical tone signals corresponding to the selected waveform signals corresponding to specified pitches, respectively. Series waveform memos 1, 112, and 13 are used.

Waveform designation codes wDx and wD'q are given to one waveform selection address of the waveform memories 12 and 13, respectively, from the waveform designation means 14, and the codes WD1. Finger returned by WD2'2. (The wave-shaped noodles can be selectively read out)
, the selected waveform signal is repeatedly read out according to the phase address data given from the phase address generator 11. - For example, one type of waveform signal consists of a one-period waveform, and each waveform memo IJ 12 and 13 stores 64 waveforms at 64 addresses per waveform.

Multipliers 15 to 15 are used to find and mix the waveform signals generated from each memo Ij 12 and 13 at an appropriate ratio.
18 and an adder 19 are provided. The scaling parameter 2 generator 20 stores a predetermined scaling characteristic function in advance, and the scaling parameter (weighting coefficient) SPI is determined by this scale song custom-made function with the pitch of the musical tone to be generated as a variable. , SP,2 are read out for each series and applied to multipliers 15 and 16. The multiplier 15 receives the musical tone signal read from the waveform memory 12 of the first series and the scaling parameter SPI, and the multiplier 16 (- indicates the musical tone signal read from the waveform memory 16 of the second series and the scaling parameter SP2). In this way, the musical tone signals for each series are weighted in the multipliers 15.16 at a ratio corresponding to the pitch.The output of the multipliers 15.16 is then weighted in the multiplier 17 for giving an amplitude envelope. .18 separately, add q, vessel 1
Added to 9. The musical tone signals added by the adder 19 are sent to the sound system 21+=[.

A tone color selection switch 22 is provided to select various tone colors. The tone parameter generator 26 generates tone parameters for realizing one tone selected by the tone color selection switch 22, and is composed of, for example, a ROM. The waveform specifying means 14 is controlled in accordance with the tone parameter, that is, the timbre specifying information generated by the tone parameter generator 23, and furthermore, the scaling characteristic function in the scaling parameter generator 20 is controlled.

The waveform designation means 14 generates waveform designation codes WDI, W in accordance with the key code KC given from the pot board circuit 10 and the tone parameters given from the tone parameter generator 26.
Generates D2. The waveform memory 12.13 stores one or more types of waveforms for each tone, and specifies the address area where the waveform corresponding to the specified tone is stored using the tone parameter, and then stores the waveform according to the key code KC. Specify individual waveform selection addresses within the address area, and set the waveform designation code WDI according to such specific content.
, 'WD2 is generated. More specifically, the width of the range corresponding to one type of waveform is determined according to the specified tone (
In other words, the manner in which the range is divided is determined), and the waveform corresponding to the range to which the pitch indicated by the key code KC belongs is specified depending on which of the ranges to which the range is defined (divided) belongs. Waveform specification code WDI, WD
2 is generated.

By specifying the width of the tone range corresponding to one type of waveform according to the specified timbre, the slope of the scaling characteristic function is determined in accordance with this width.

Pitch designation information, which is a manual variable for reading out the scaling characteristic function from the scaling parameter generator 20, is expressed as relative pitch information within the range corresponding to one waveform described above. Therefore, for convenience, a range of circuits included in the waveform specifying means 14 are shared, and the key code KC is processed according to the tone parameter (timbre specifying information), and the scaling data corresponding to the above-mentioned relative pitch information is processed. 5AI
) and sends it to the scaling parameter generator 20
to the address input (variable input).

FIG. 2 lists typical patterns of key scaling characteristics realized in this embodiment. Broadly speaking,
It is classified into four patterns depending on the width of the range corresponding to one waveform. When one type of waveform is used for key scaling in a range of tones, scaling is performed with scaling characteristics of positive and negative slopes for each semitone range of the range. In other words, one slope ends at an interval that is half the range width corresponding to one waveform. This interval is represented by interval data INT. The range width corresponding to one waveform is one ocun as shown in Figure 2 (
Shown in a). When the range width corresponding to one waveform is two octaves, the interval data INT is "1" indicating one octave, and the pattern at this time is shown in Figure 2 (
b). When the range width corresponding to one waveform is four octaves, the interval data INT is "2" indicating two octaves, and the pattern at this time is shown in Fig. 2 (
C). When the range width corresponding to one waveform is 8 octaves, the interval data INT is "4" indicating 4 octaves, and the pattern at this time is shown in Figure 2 (
d).

The width in FIG. 2 is the pitch, and for convenience, it is graduated for each octave, and octave numbers from 0 to 6 are marked. In addition, the real key range is 1 or the ring characteristic level,
In other words, it is the musical tone signal amplitude level set by the scaling parameters sPl and SF3. Waveform memory 1
2.13 series is coded 1. It is distinguished by II. 2 corresponds to the first series, that is, the waveform memory 12, and 2 corresponds to the second series, that is, the waveform memory 16. code i,
The subscripts 1, 2, 3, and 4.5, which are connected to (2) with a hyphen, are used to correspond to each sound range, and are symbols for distinguishing the types of waveforms. For example, in the scaling characteristics shown in the upper row of FIG. 2(a), the five types of waveforms 1-1 to 1-5 stored in the waveform memory 12 of the first series are used in each range. Four types of waveforms n-1 stored in the waveform memory 16 of
11-4 are used once in each range.

In FIGS. 2(a) to 2(d), two types of scaling characteristic patterns are shown in upper and lower levels, respectively, and the waveform that is most emphasized in the lowest range is the first. Second series (1, II)
They are differentiated depending on which waveform signal is generated. The upper row shows a pattern in which the waveform of the first series 1 (waveform memory 12) is emphasized in the lowest range, and the lower row shows a pattern in which the waveform of the second series (2) (waveform memory 16) is emphasized on the contrary. Which waveform should be emphasized in the lowest range is indicated by the start address discrimination signal 5TAI[II. When this signal gSTA II/I is II OII, it indicates the first series (1).
The number l 71 indicates the second series (l[).

The two types of control regarding key scaling with the same characteristics as described above are not based on musical requirements, but solely on circuit technology requirements. Specifically, this is for effective use of the waveform memory capacity. As shown in Figure 2, it consists of 1
The number of waveform types used for the two key scaling characteristics is
and the second series (waveform memos IJ 12 , 13 ) are often not the same number, and if one is an odd number, the other is often an even number.

Therefore, if the waveform corresponding to one tone is stored at the same address in Memo 1J12 and 13, the address area for one waveform will be left over in either memory 12 or 13, and if you leave n blank, the memory This will result in a lot of waste. Therefore, in this embodiment, waveforms are stored in the entire memory area to avoid waste.

In that case, ■Which address of waveform menu 12 or 13 will the storage area for the repeated waveforms for the timbres begin?7))
In order to distinguish the start address discrimination signal 5TA1
1/l and start address data STA are used.

An example of the storage format in the waveform memory 12.13 is shown in Figure 3, in which one or more types of waveforms corresponding to the same timbre are stored in consecutive waveform address areas, and among them, the youngest waveform The address stores a waveform corresponding to the bass range. The youngest waveform address in the waveform address area for the same tone color is called the start address, and the waveform corresponding to the lowest pitch range is stored there.

For example, tone A in FIG. 3 corresponds to the scaling pattern in the upper row of FIG.
．． Waveform 1-1.13 is at the same waveform address "1". U-1
are memorized respectively. In this case, the start address data STA is "1", and the start address discrimination signal 5TAL
[/, I is '0'' (indicating +). The waveform of the timbre corresponding to the scaling pattern in the lower row of Fig. 2(d) is stored in a format like timbre H in Fig. 3. That is, , the waveform 11- is stored at address rNJ of the second waveform memory 16.
1 is stored, and the address rN+ of the first waveform memory 12
Waveform 1-1 is stored in IJ. In this case, the start address data STA is rNJ, and the discrimination signal S'l'
A II / I is Pa 1'' (indicates n). Second
The waveform of the timbre corresponding to the scaling pattern in the upper row of FIG. 3(b) is stored in a format such as timbre C in FIG.

In this case, the start address data S i' A is "2".
", and the discrimination signal 5TAII/I is "'0" (
I). The timbre waveform corresponding to the scaling pattern shown in the lower row of FIG. 2(b) is stored in one format as shown in FIG. 3. In this case, the start address data STA is "4" and the discrimination signal 5TAIf/I
is "l" (indicating It). It will be understood from the figure that the waveform address "4" in the second waveform memory 16 can be effectively used without leaving it blank. Each memory 12.13
The waveform address is the waveform designation code WD 1, WD
2.

It is possible to start scaling from any octave depending on the tone. FIG. 2 shows an example in which scaling starts from the second octave ("), but the octave at which the ring starts is specified by the start octave data STO. In the lower ranges, no scaling is performed and the waveform remains unchanged.

For reference, FIG. 2 shows the values of the upper 4 bits of the key code KC for each half octave of C1 along the horizontal axis. A half octave is specified by the 3-bit octave code B3, B2, B1 and the most significant 1 bit N4 of the note code. In the case of the pattern shown in FIG. 2 <&), the width of one slope of the scaling characteristic is half an octave, and the positive and negative sides of the slope are switched every half octave.

In a range corresponding to one slope of the scaling characteristic, when the scaling characteristic slope of one series I (or n) is negative, the scaling characteristic slope of the other series n (or 1) is positive. When scaling starts from the lowest range, the slope of the scaling characteristic of the series emphasized in the lowest range is negative, and the slope of the scaling characteristic of the other series is positive. By adding and synthesizing the musical tone signals of both series scaled with opposite scaling characteristics, key scaling is achieved in which the waveform gradually transitions from one series' waveform to the other series' waveform depending on the pitch. be done.

The scaling parameter generator 20 shown in FIG. The scaling parameters SPI and SP2 are read out by distinguishing between the case of a positive slope and the case of the opposite slope. Il for such tf distinction
The 'l'01 signal is provided to the scaling parameter generator 20. In the oscillator 2υ, when the nTOI signal is @O'', both series are scaled according to the scaling characteristic function in which the first series I has a negative slope and the second series n has a positive slope, as shown in Figure 4 (IL). Scaling parameter SPI
, SF3 is read, and when the IITOI signal is ``1'''', the first Itoyo January is positive and the second
The scaling parameter Si'1pSP2 of both series is read out according to the scaling characteristic function with a negative slope. As shown in the figure, the scaling parameter SP is divided into 9 step levels from "0" to "8".
I, SF3 is read out according to eight types of scaling address data SAD from "0" to "7". When the scaling address data SAD is "0", the level of one parameter S21 or SF3 is "0" and the other is "0".
8'', and every time the address increases by one step, the level increases or decreases by one step. Therefore, the total level of both parameters SPI and SF3 is always "8", so that the overall volume level does not fluctuate due to key scaling.

For example, in the first half of the second octave in the upper pattern of FIG. 2(a), the scaling parameters SPI and SF3 are generated according to FIG. 4(a), and in the second half of the second octave, according to FIG. 4(b). Scaling parameters SPI, SP2 are generated. In addition, in the second octave l and a half in the lower pattern of Fig. 2 (a), the two Kering parameters SPI, SF are set according to Fig. 4 (b).
3 is generated, and the second half of the second octave follows FIG. 4(a). In this way, depending on whether the waveform corresponding to the start address is I or fl, the correspondence between the positive and negative C scaling characteristic slopes and the range is switched.

In FIG. 2(a), the width of one slope of the scaling characteristic is half an octave, and the 3-bit scaling address data SAD is the lower 3 bits of the C note code N3.
, N2, and Nl can be used as they are. Therefore, the relative pitch (corresponding to SAD) for reading out the scaling parameters SPI, SF3 corresponds to the individual scale notes within a half-octave.

In Fig. 2(b), the width of one slope of the scaling characteristic is 1
This is the fifth quarter, and the upper three bits N4 of the note code are used as the 3-bit scaling address data SAD.
, N3, and N2 are used. In this case, the relative pitch for reading the scaling parameters SPI, S, and P2 corresponds to the scale tones within one octave divided into eight.

Similarly, in FIGS. 2(e) and 2(d), the key code KC is appropriately bit-shifted according to the range width of one slope of the scaling characteristic, and 3 bits are used as the scaling address data SAD to correspond to one address. Make the relative pitches correspond to several scale note groups.

The above-mentioned interval data lNT1 start address data STA, start address discrimination signal 5TAB/1,
The start octave data STO is included in the tone variable make generated by the tone parameter generator 26.

Returning to FIG. 1, details of the waveform specifying means 14 will be explained.
Then, of the key codes KC given from the keyboard circuit 1o, octave codes B3-B1 are added to the A input of the subtracter 24, and two-tone codes N4-N1 are added to the gate 25. Start octave data STO corresponding to the specified tone is given to the B input of the subtracter 24, and rA-BJ
Perform the subtraction. This subtracter 24 converts the octave codes B3 to B1 of the pressed keys into octave codes B3' to B1' based on the start octave.

The converted 7=octave codes B3' to B1', which are the subtraction results of the subtracter 24, are input to the gate 25. Also,
Sign signal S when the subtraction result is "0" or positive. If it is negative, it outputs a sine signal S. If it is negative, it outputs a sine signal S. If it is negative, it outputs a sine signal S.
Output.

This sign signal S. is the gate 2 via the AND circuit 26
5 and enables the gate 25 when So is to 1 m. A signal obtained by inverting the attack signal ATCK by an inverter 27 is applied to the other input of the AND circuit 26. This attack signal ATCK becomes 1'' when a tone without key scaling is specified, and when a tone that undergoes key scaling is specified, the signal A'TCK's ``0'' causes the AND circuit 2
6 is enabled, the gate 25 is controlled according to the sign signal S0.

The output of gate 25 is input to bit shift circuit 28. The bit shift circuit 28 uses the above-mentioned interval data I.
N 'I' controls the bit shift amount, and the input 7-bit key codes B3' to B1', N
4 to N1 are shifted to lower bits as shown in the table below according to the value of interval data INT. A7 to A1 indicate outputs of the bit shift circuit 28.

Table 1 As will become clear later, this bit foot circuit 28 has the function of setting the range width corresponding to one waveform according to the specified timbre, and specifying the number of scales per step of the scaling address data SAD. It has the function of setting according to the wide range of tones.

It consists of a full adder of 29 adders + t6 bits,
The upper 3 bits output A7 to A5 of the bit shift circuit 28 are given to the lower 3 bits of one input, and the 6 upper bits are applied to the other input.
The aforementioned start address STA consisting of bits is given, and the carry output CO of the adder 60 is added to the carry input Ci of the least significant bit. While the 6-bit output of the adder 29 is input to the adder 31, it is also applied to the waveform selection address input of the waveform memory 16 as the second series waveform designation code WD2.

The fourth bit output A4 of the bit shift circuit 28 is input to the adder 60, and the above-mentioned start address discrimination signal 5T is input to the adder 60.
Added to AR/1. The output of this adder 60 is input to the least significant bit of the adder 61, and the above-mentioned IIT
It is input to the scaling parameter generator 20 as an OI signal. The 6-bit output of the adder 61 is applied to the waveform selection address input of the waveform memory 12 as a first series waveform designation code WD1. Lower 3 of bit shift circuit 28
The bit outputs A3 to A1 are sent to the scaling parameter generator 20 as the above-mentioned scaling address data SAD.
given to.

The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 1 will now be described using the upper pattern of FIG. 2(a) as an example.

If the pressed key belongs to the first octave, the octave codes B3 to B1 are "001"("001" in decimal notation).
1"), and on the other hand, the start octave data STO is "2" indicating the second octave, so the subtraction result of the subtracter 24 is negative, and the sine signal So is uO
II. As a result, the gate 25 is closed, and the input data of the bit shift circuit 28 is changed to all pins) II OII
The output pins A7 to A1 are all u On regardless of 11σ of the interval data INT. One input A7 to A5 of the adder 29 is all at O"°
Therefore, the start address data STA applied to the other input is outputted from the adder 29 as is. In addition, in the upper pattern of FIG. 2(a), since the start address discrimination signal 5TAI[/I is always "0", the output of the adder 60 is also II OII, and the adder 61 is the output of the adder 29. Output as is. Therefore, the first and second series of waveform designation codes wox and wD2 both designate the start address (for example, waveform address "7" in FIG. 3), and the waveforms 1-1. Select n-1. Also, adder 6
The IITOI signal also becomes II O# due to the output 1101N of 0.
Then, the scaling pattern shown in FIG. 4(a) is selected. However, in this first octave, the output pins A3-A1 of the bit shift circuit 28 are always 0'', so
The scaling address data SAD is also similar, and the first
The scaling parameter SPI of the series is read out at the highest level, and the SF3 of the second series is read out at zero level. As a result, only the musical tone signal corresponding to the waveform 1-1 of the first series passes through the adder 19 to the sound system 21 (2), and the musical tone signal corresponding to the waveform n-1 of the second series (multiplying In this way, key scaling is not performed in the range lower than the arbitrary start octave (second octave in the above example) determined corresponding to the specified tone, and any pitch in the bass range is the same. Waveform 1
-1 musical tone signal is generated.

When the pressed keys are arranged in the start octave (second octave in the above example), the subtraction result of the subtracter 24 is zero, and the sign signal S O becomes It 13+. As a result, the gate 25 is opened, and the note codes N4 to N1 indicating the note name of the pressed key and the relative octave code B3 indicating the relative octave of the suppression needle to the start octave.
'~Bl/ (in the present example, "o o o '") is applied to the bit shift circuit 28. In the example of FIG. 2(a), the interval data INT is r 1/2 J, and as shown in Table 1, the input bits B3' to N1 become the output nodes A7 to A1 without being bit-shifted.

Therefore, A7 to A5 are the same as B3' to B1' (all 7
0'', and the adder 29 receives the start address data 5T.
A (for example, waveform address "7" in FIG. 3) is output.

Here, when the pressed key belongs to the first half of the second octave, the upper pitch (N4) of the note chord is 0'', and the output of the adder 60 is +101+.

Therefore, the waveform designation code WD 1 of the first and second series
, WD 2 both designate the start address and select the sound waveforms i-i and 'ni-i. Also, II '1'
The 01 signal is 0'' and specifies the scaling pattern shown in Figure 4(a).The lower 3 bits of the note code N3
~N1 becomes the scaling address data SAD, a unique scaling address is specified corresponding to each of the hexatone scale notes in the first half octave, and scaling parameters SPI and SF3 of different levels corresponding to each scale note are set as shown in Fig. 4 ( It is glared at according to the characteristics of a). Waveform memo IJ
The musical tone signals corresponding to the waveforms i-i and n-i extracted from 12 and 13 are weighted by multipliers 15 and 16 according to the parameters SPI and SF3, respectively, and are then weighted by adder 1.
It is added by 9. In this way, key scaling for the first half of the second octave in the pattern shown in the upper row of FIG. 2(a) is executed.

When the pressure plane belongs to the latter half of the octave hs=2, the upper bit N4 of the note code is "1", and the adder 3
The output of 0 is '1'''. Therefore, 1 is added by the adder 61, and the first waveform designation code WDI designates the address "8" next to the start address "7", but the second waveform The designation code WD2 is the start address "7",
Waveforms 1 2 t B 1 are selected in the waveform memories 12 and 13, respectively. Further, the nTOI signal becomes 0'1'', the pattern shown in FIG. 4(L)) is selected, and the parameters SPI and SP2 are read out according to the characteristics shown in the figure, corresponding to each of the hexatone scale tones in the second half octave. thus,
Key scaling of the second half of the second octave in the upper pattern of FIG. 2(a) is executed.

If the octave to which the pressing part belongs is the third octave or higher, the values of the outputs B3' to Bl' of the subtractor 24 will be the corresponding values, and the bits A7 to A5 will correspond to this, and the start address data will be The adder 29 outputs address data that is 455 addresses ahead of STA, and thereby the waveforms used in key scaling -2, n-2, If-
2 and 1-3, and so on. Other than that, the operation is the same as described above, and the key scaling shown in the upper row of FIG. 2(a) is executed.

When the tone color of the pattern in the lower row of FIG. 2(a) is specified, the following is done.

In this case, the start address discrimination signal S TA [1/
I is always @1'', and the adder 60 outputs 1' to the S output when the output bit A4 of the bit shift circuit 28 is (107+).
When A4 is 1”, carry output C
Output II 1 jj to o (at this time, S output is “
o'').Other than this difference, the operation is the same as described above.

That is, when the pressed key is in the first octave (lower range than the start octave), the adder 29 outputs the start address data 5TA (for example, the waveform address rll in FIG. 3).
J) is output, and this is the second series waveform specification code W
'D becomes 2. On the other hand, since A4 is uO#, the output "1" of the adder 60 is added to the adder 61, and the result obtained by adding 1 to the start address data STA (for example, waveform address r12J in FIG. 3) is the first This is the waveform designation code WDI of the series. In this way, the waveform address is 1
Even if the timbre is shifted, the first (corresponding to the lowest range) waveform 1-1. n-1 is each waveform memo IJ 1
:2 and 13 are selected, respectively. On the other hand, the IITOI signal becomes "Pa 1" due to the adder 60 side output "1", and the scaling pattern shown in FIG. The data SAD is always 10'', the parameter SP1 indicates the zero level, and the parameter SP2 indicates the highest level. In this way, only the musical tone signal corresponding to waveform (1)-1 reaches the sound system 21 without being subjected to key scaling.

If the pressing force μ belongs to the first half of the start octave (second octave), the output pitch of the bit shift circuit 28),
A7 to A5 and A4 are all 0". Therefore, as described above, the waveform 1 is set by the waveform specification codes WDI and WD2.
-1. Select n-1 and specify the scaling pattern shown in Fig. 4(b) using '1' of the nTOI signal. The lower three bits N3 to N1 of the note code become scaling address data SAD, and the six-tone scale note of the first half octave is A unique scaling address is specified for each,
Scaling parameters SPI and SF3 of different levels corresponding to each scale note are read out according to the characteristics shown in FIG. 4(b). In this way, key scaling is performed in which the waveform (1) shifts from -1 to 1-1 as shown in the first half of the second octave in the lower part of FIG. 2(a).

If the pressed key belongs to the second half of the start octave (second octave), the output pitch of the bit shift circuit 28)
7 to A5 are all It OII, but bit A4 becomes u1''. As a result, the carry output C of the adder 60
o becomes It I II, the S output becomes 0'', and the adder 29
1111+ is added to the carry human power Ci, and the adder 2
The output of 9 indicates a value increased by 1 from the start address data STA (for example, waveform address r12J in FIG. 3).

The adder 61 does not add l, and the waveform designation code W
IJI and WD2 specify the same address "12" and waveform 1. -1°n-2 is selected. lT, uO″ of ol signal
The scaling pattern shown in FIG. 4(a) is selected, and key scaling from waveform 1-1 to It-2 is performed.

If the octave of the pressed key is higher than the start address, the outputs B3' to Bl' of the subtracter 24 will be the corresponding values, and the bits A7 to A5 will correspond to this, and from the start address data STA (" The adder 29 outputs the address data advanced by the J address, and as a result, the waveform used for key scaling changes, such as n-2, 1-2, 1-2, and ■-3. operates in the same manner as described above, and the key scaling shown in the lower part of FIG. 2(a) is executed.

When a tone color with a pattern such as (b) v (c) p jd) in Fig. 4 is specified, the following is the case.

In this case, depending on the value of the interval data I NT, as shown in Table 1 of Urq.
', N4 to N1 are shifted downwards, but otherwise operate in exactly the same manner as described above. As a result of the shift, the relationship between the pitch data A7 to A5 for waveform specification and the first pitch data A3 to A1 for suffling address specification and the actual pitch data (key codes 83 to Nl) changes. ,
The range width corresponding to one waveform is widened according to the shift amount, and the range width of one scaling address is widened according to the shift amount. In other words, when interval data I N 1' is "1", bits A6, A5, and A4 correspond to octave codes B3', B2', and Bl', and the slope of the scaling characteristic changes every octave. , bits A3 to A1 are the top three bits of the note code)
Corresponding to N4 to N2, the one-octave scale is divided into eight, and the steps of the scaling parameters SPi and SP2 are switched for each one-octave range. Also, interval data IN
When T is "2", bit A5. A4 corresponds to the upper two bits of the octave code, B3/ and B2/i, and the slope of the scaling characteristic changes every two octaves.
Beep) A3-A1 beep) Bl', N4. The steps of the scaling parameters sP1 and SF3 are switched for each range obtained by dividing the two-octave scale into eight corresponding to N3. Interval data I N 't'', rs r 4
When it is J, it corresponds to pit no (4 is pitch) B3', so the slope of the scaling characteristic changes every 4 octaves, and the parameter S is set for each range that divides the 4-octave scale into 8.
P1.5L)2 steps are switched.

The envelope generator 32 generates an attack envelope waveform as shown in FIG. 5(a) in response to the key-on pulse KONP (see FIG. 5(d)) applied from the 10 keyboard circuits. 5(b) in response to the key-on signal KON (see FIG. 5(C)) given by another envelope generator 35 (t, ! board i@10Φ, etc.)
It generates a continuous envelope waveform as shown in .

The tone parameters generated from the tone parameter generator 26 include an attack signal ATCK,
When a predetermined tone is specified, this signal ATCK
The attack signal ATCK is applied to the scaling parameter generator 20 and is also applied to the selector 64. In the scaling parameter generator 20, when the attack signal -QATCK is '0''
A scaling characteristic function like b) can be generated, but when II I II, the scaling parameter SP
Both I and SP2 are fixed at the highest level "8". The selector 64 selects the sustained envelope waveform signal of the envelope generator 66 when the attack signal ATCK is 0'', and selects the continuous envelope waveform signal of the envelope generator 62 when the attack signal ATCK is II II II.
select the attack envelope waveform signal of the first series Me3'L unit 1'7.
Enter. The continuous envelope waveform signal of the envelope generator 66 is always applied to the second series of multipliers 18. If the tone to which key scaling is to be performed is specified, the attack signal A 'I' CK is 'I' iJ
”, and the parameter 8Pi according to the scaling characteristic
, SF3 are generated from the generator 20, and the same connection system envelope waveform signal is applied to the multipliers 17 and 18 of both series, and the connection system envelope is given to the key scaled musical tone signal.

On the other hand, when a tone to which an attack effect is to be applied is selected, the attack signal ATCK becomes '1', and the attack envelope waveform signal of the envelope generator 62 is transmitted to the selector 6.
4 and is added to the multiplier 17. Also, signal ATC
The output signal of the inverter 27 which is the inversion of the output signal "'0" of K
'' closes the gate 25 via the AND circuit 26, and the waveform designation codes WDI and VD2 are fixed to those corresponding to the start address data STA.One of the musical tone signals corresponding to the two types of waveforms thus selected ( The first series ■) is given an attack envelope fL, the other (
A persistent envelope is given to the second row n),
Both are added and synthesized by an adder 19 and sent to the sound system 2.
It reaches 1. In this way, an attack effect is applied and a musical tone signal f is obtained. Incidentally, at this time, the waveforms of series I and T are different from each other, and at the rise of the sound, a tone (waveform of I) different from a steady tone (waveform of n) is emphasized.

Figure 6 shows the [01 road section OP] surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 1.
Musical tone synthesis calculator (musical tone synthesis series) consisting of the same configuration as O
An example of an electronic musical instrument in which multiple series of PA, 0P-B, 0P-C, etc. are arranged in parallel is shown. The output musical tone signals 1 and 1 of each series 0P-A to op-c are added by an adder 65 and then sent to the sound system 21. Each series 0P-A to 0P-C is given common pitch designation information and timbre selection information from the keyboard circuit 10 and timbre selection switch 22, but the pitches or key scaling characteristics of the generated sounds are different from each other. ing. For example, the phase change rate of the phase address generator 11, the tone parameter settings of the tone parameter generator 26, the contents of the scaling parameter generator 20, or the envelope generator 32.3.
3 or the stored contents of the waveform memos IJ 12 and 16 are made different between the series UP-A to op-c. Further, key scaling may be applied to the series 0P-A relating to the same tone, but a 7'tack effect may be applied to the other series 0P-B without performing key scaling.

In the above embodiment, the waveform specification code Wl) 1°WO
Although it is assumed that the waveform selected based on the specification 2 consists of a one-period waveform, it may consist of a multi-period waveform.

In addition, as a musical sound generation means, waveform memo +) 12,
13+2u4, any configuration may be used, as long as it can selectively generate a plurality of unique waveform signals. Here, the 1fIIl type waveform signal is not limited to one in which the same waveform is repeated, but may be a waveform signal whose waveform shape changes over time. Also, the first series 1+
”-The waveform signal and the scale are time-divisionally processed with
Ring parameters may be generated and scaling calculations may be performed on a time-sharing basis.

Further, the scaling characteristic function is not limited to a linear function, but may be an exponential function, a logarithmic function, or any other arbitrary function.

As can be seen from the effects of the invention, according to this invention, a common plurality of musical tone generation and control circuits are used to perform waveform key scaling control and different envelope application control depending on the timbre. It is possible to use the circuit effectively without wasting it, and it is also possible to synthesize musical tones in a method that is optimal for the specified tone.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.
Electrical block diagram, FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a typical example of key scaling characteristics in the same embodiment, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of waveform storage of two series of waveform memories in the same embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a typical example of key scaling characteristics in the same embodiment. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the generation pattern of the scaling characteristic function in the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing an example of the generation of the attack envelope waveform and the sustaining envelope waveform in the same embodiment. FIG. It is an electrical block diagram showing an example. 10... Keyboard circuit, 11... Phase address generator,
12.13... Waveform memo 1c14... Waveform designation means, 15.16, 17.18... Multiplier, 19. ．． 55
... Adder, 21]... Scaling parameter generator, 22... Tone selection switch, 26... Tone parameter generator, 32.33... Envelope generator, 64... Selector, 24...subtractor, WDI
, W'D2...Waveform specification code, SPI, SP2...
・Scaling parameters, B3-B1...octave code, N4=N1...note code, engineering NT...
・Interval data, STO...Start octave data, ATCK...Attack signal. Patent applicant: Nippon Musical Instruments Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Agent Yoshihito Iizuka Figure 3 Figure 4 SAD Figure 5 - U9 opening

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Pitch specification means for specifying the pitch of a musical tone to be generated;
a plurality of series of musical tone generation means capable of selectively generating a plurality of types of waveform signals and generating musical tone signals corresponding to the selected waveform signals according to the pitch specification by the pitch specification means; timbre specifying means for specifying a waveform signal to be selected by the musical tone generating means of each series according to the finger-fired γ-tone tone; and a musical tone generated by the musical tone generating means of each series. weighting means for weighting the signal at a ratio according to the specified pitch; and envelope applying means for applying an amplitude envelope to the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone generating means of each series. Then, depending on the specified timbre, the weighting means can apply weighting according to the specified pitch, or the envelope applying means can apply different envelopes to each series of musical tone signals. an electronic musical instrument, comprising means for selecting one of the following.