JPS58114098A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that controls the pitch of chords and makes it possible to obtain chord performance sounds with enviable harmony.

Generally, electronic musical instruments are tuned according to the equal tempered scale), modulation,
This makes it easy to transpose the key or play unsamples with other instruments. However, when playing chords on such an electronic musical instrument, as shown in Table 81, in the case of major chords (major, ja), the pitch of the major third (-) relative to the tonic (root) is just intonation (just key). In the case of a minor chord, the pitch of the minor third is about 16 cents lower (than that of the just intonation scale).
, and in the case of the genus 7th chord (-1 punsu), the minor 7th note -
The pitch of the just intonation scale is about 18 cents lower than that of the just intonation scale.

Table II1 Therefore, when playing a chord on an electronic instrument tuned to the equal-tempered scale, the beats between the notes of the chord
The frequency is high (na tai sui) - I can't get the sound of the chord performance.

Therefore, electronic musical instruments are tuned according to the equal tempered scale, and only when producing a chord, the pitch of each note is adjusted so that the frequency ratio between the chord constituent notes is in a pure key relation -C. Because the frequency ratio between them is a perfect pure tonal relationship, the overtones of each component note of the chord have the same frequency, so even if they are pronounced simultaneously in each tone, it sounds like a CS' rather than a chord. The problem is that the resulting performance sound has a faint sound (as if a single note with a harmonic overtone composition was being pronounced).

In other words, musical tones generally have a fundamental tone and a frequency t that is an integral multiple of the fundamental tone.
It consists of four overtones and several overtones.For example, if the tonic (1st flat) and the perfect 5th flat in a pure key are pronounced at the same time, the C tonic and the perfect 5sl! Table 2 shows the frequency relationship between each overtone of a sound. Note that the frequency ratio between the tonic tone and the perfect fifth tone in the pure key is r2:3J. 9, and the fundamental frequency of the tonic is fo.

In the second expression, even if you pronounce the tonic and the perfect fifth tone at the same time,
The 2nd overtone of the tonic and the IK1 overtone of the perfect 5th overtone, @5 of the tonic
The overtone and the 3rd overtone of the perfect 5th overtone match, and the fundamental frequency is fI, s 1.5/@a2f・e3/@s4 fI
# 4.5 fI a S 7th harmonic Kurayoshi One note is pronounced like the friend's, and there is no effective beat that gives the impression that multiple notes are being pronounced. Rarena (naru)

On the other hand, in the case of an equal-tempered scale, the frequency ratio of each note is not a simple integer ratio, so you can hear each note being pronounced individually, but as mentioned above, the beats between the notes of the chord Frequency is too high) too high %/'4/%-mony cannot be obtained.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can obtain effective beeps when playing chords and can produce beautiful i-harmony chord playing sounds. .

According to this invention, a chord specified by a key pressed on a keyboard is detected, and the chord constituent tones other than the tonic 1 of the detected chord are set so that the pitches of the chord constituent tones do not have a perfect pure tonal relationship, but approach it. The pitch of the chord is controlled to generate chord performance sounds accompanied by an effective beat.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Is Figure 1 an implementation of an electronic musical instrument to which this invention is applied? This is a professional diagram. The keyboard l has a key switch for each key that is linked to key operations, and a binary level key-on signal is output from the key switch corresponding to the key pressed. This key-on confidence is provided for each key switch and gives a good signal! The signals are applied to the code detection circuit 2 and the octave frequency division circuit+switching circuit 3 via I, respectively. Note that the output of each key switch may be converted into a t-key code and outputted in a time-division manner.

The chord detection circuit 2 detects a chord (chord) from the combination of note names of the pressed keys based on the key-on signal output from the keyboard l, and detects the tonic information indicating the tonic (root note) of the nine chord and the chord type ( Mesoya.

Minor, Mezoya Sepun, Mina Sepun) [Outputs the indicated signal to the frequency division ratio control circuit 4.

The frequency division ratio control circuit 4 controls the names of 12 notes (Cφ) within one octave.
, D, Dφ, -, C) Controls the frequency division ratio of each of the 12 frequency-divided sound source circuits DT01 to D'rG12 provided corresponding to K, and uses the tonic information and chord output from the chord detection circuit 2. Frequency division ratio control data PC1 to PC consisting of 2 pins and 2 pins, respectively, corresponding to each note name based on a signal indicating the type.
12 are outputted via 24 signal lines (each branch sound source circuit 1) TG K and 12 signals ml). In other words, ■ If the chord type is mezoya, the output frequency of the division sound source circuit DTG for the note name that corresponds to the tone relationship of a major third with respect to the tonic [0 to 14 compared to the frequency of the equal temperament scale. If the chord type is mica, it corresponds to the interval relationship of a minor third to the tonic. The output frequency of the division sound source circuit DTG [If the O chord type is mezoya 7th, the interval relationship is a major third with respect to the tonic, so that the output frequency is increased by an arbitrary value between θ and 16 cents compared to the frequency of the equal temperament scale. The frequency-divided sound source circuit DT for the nine note names corresponds to Output frequency [Increase the frequency by an arbitrary value between 0 and 18 cents compared to the frequency of the equal temperament scale, ■
If the chord type is a minor 7th, then the minor 3rd for the C tonic.
Data P for controlling the output frequency of the frequency dividing sound source circuit DTG for each note name, which is to be influenced by the interval relationship of degrees and minor sevenths, to be as high as above.
Outputs C(PCI-PCI2).

Here, the frequency division ratio control data Pct-PCI2 for each frequency-divided sound source circuit DTGI-DTG12K consists of 2 bits of signal UP and signal DN, and signal UP is 1 bit.
11, the output frequency of the frequency dividing tone generator circuit DTG is higher than the frequency of the equal temperament scale, and the signal DN
When @1'', the output frequency is lower than the frequency of the equal-tempered scale (Sui Koto), and when the signals UP and DN are 101%, the output frequency is lower than the frequency of the equal-tempered scale. Instructs to change the frequency.

In the frequency division ratio control circuit 4, the above-mentioned frequency division ratio control data PCI to PC12 (UP
, DN) A set of frequency division ratio control data Pct specified by the t-memory good memory circuit tVL, the tonic information output from the code detection circuit 2, and the signal indicating the code Sat.
-Pet! Output. An example of the memory contents of the above memory circuit [shown in Table 3. In Table 3, only those for which the signal UP or DN is 1' among the frequency division ratio control data PCI - PCI2 are listed. , other frequency division ratio control data not listed pc#i signal UP
and DN both become @01 and A0. For example, if the tonic note is note name C and the chord type is mezoya, frequency division ratio control data PC4 for tone source frequency divider circuit DTG4 of note name E
The signal UP is "0", the signal DN is "1", and the other tone names Cφ to Dφ and F-C sound source frequency dividing circuit DTG
The frequency division ratio control data PCI to PC3 and PC5 to PC12 for I to DTG3 and DTG5 to M012 are both 101 for the signals UP and DN. .

Divided sound source diagram @ DTG is composed of a frequency divider circuit 10 and a frequency division ratio memory 11.
The main clock φ of z is added, and the division ratio memo IJ
11 K is frequency division ratio control data P from frequency division ratio control circuit 4
C is added.

The frequency division ratio memory 11 includes each frequency division sound source circuit DTGI to DTG1.
2. As shown in Table 4, there are three frequency division ratio data: "Standard", "Glass", and "Minus". In addition,
The standard frequency division ratio is the division ratio corresponding to the frequency of the equal tempered scale, and the Grass frequency division ratio is the division ratio corresponding to the higher frequency (this frequency division ratio is the division ratio corresponding to the higher frequency). Shuhi!
(also small) and l), a negative division ratio is a division ratio corresponding to a frequency M lower than the frequency of the equal tempered scale. In addition, the Pi! displayed in Table 3! Chi deviation is a pitch deviation from the equal tempered scale.

Among the three frequency division ratio data stored in the frequency division ratio memory IIK, the standard frequency division ratio data is read out when the signal @l'' is applied to the input terminal N of the frequency division ratio memory 11. Glass frequency division ratio data is read out when signal @l# is applied to the input terminal of frequency division ratio memory 110, and negative frequency division ratio data is read when signal 111 is applied to the input terminal of frequency division ratio memory 11. 0 frequency division ratio memory 1 that is read when it is good
Frequency division ratio control data PCO signals UP and DN are applied to the input terminals U and DK of 1, respectively, and signals UP and DN are input to the input terminal NK, and the output signal NL of the nine-noise circuit 12 is applied thereto. Therefore, from the frequency division ratio memory ll, the signal UP of the frequency division ratio control r-ta pc is 11m and 1
1i, positive frequency division ratio data is read, and signal DN is @
1', negative frequency division ratio data is successively read out, and when the signals UP and DN are 10'', standard frequency division ratio data is read out.

The ninth division ratio data read from the frequency division ratio memory 10 is applied to the frequency division circuit 10.

The frequency divider circuit 10 is a main clock applied from the main oscillator 5.

The frequency is divided based on the frequency division ratio data, so the frequency division ratio is 7'.
If the JID value fN is the frequency of the main black and shoe pulses φ (
The frequency is divided into a frequency of 1hlHs) tt/Q (MHz) and output.

In this way, each frequency-divided sound source circuit DTGI-DTG12
The good signal frequency-divided by is applied to the octave frequency divider circuit + opening/closing direction path 3 as a sound source signal corresponding to the sum of 12 note names within one octave (FIG. 1).

The octave frequency dividing circuit + opening/closing circuit 3 divides each sound source signal corresponding to the input 12 tone names into an octave using a frequency division ratio of 2. For example, if the frequency of the sound source signal is 17, then L/2/ by octave down circuit.

Sound source signals with frequencies of 1/4f, 14/... are formed.

From this trap, octave frequency dividing circuit + opening/closing circuit 3 is keyboard 1
A sound source signal having a frequency corresponding to the master key is formed. on the other hand,
Octave frequency divider circuit + opening/closing circuit 3゜For other inputs, as mentioned above, a key-on signal is added from the corresponding key switch when pressing the key @fc on the keyboard L. Oh, octave frequency dividing circuit + opening/closing circuit 3 appropriately selects and outputs the sound source signal corresponding to the pressed key in response to this medium-on signal.

This sound source signal is mixed with a desired tone in a tone color circuit 6 and added to a sound system 7, where it is emitted as a musical tone pressed on the keyboard 1.

Next, the pitch control between the constituent tones of each chord when a chord is played on the keyboard 1 will be explained in detail.

Now, when the keys corresponding to the note names C, I, and G are pressed simultaneously on the keyboard 1, the chord detection circuit 2 detects that the chord is C mezoya from the combination of these keys, and generates the tonic information "
A signal indicating "C" and the code type "Menoya" is applied to the frequency division ratio control circuit 4.

Since the chord type is Menoya, the division ratio control circuit 4 uses the major 3 to the tonic according to the above-mentioned control mode [Yes].
Frequency division sound source circuit DTG4 for pitch relation KTo pitch name I
(See Table 3 II) K: For its output frequency [low speed (
The frequency division ratio control data PC4k is outputted so that the signal DN becomes @1m.

When the division ratio control data PC4 signals UP and DN are '4h@θ', the frequency division sound source circuit DTG4 divides the frequency of the main clock φ [standard 1/379K and outputs it.
By inputting the frequency division ratio control data PC4 of "1#", the signal DN is divided into 1/381 and output (see Table 4). The pitch of J) is 411.5 cents lower than that of the equal tempered scale.

The pitch is the major third of the equal tempered scale.

Although J#i% is 413.7 cents higher than that of the pure tonal scale (see Table 1), due to this corrected frequency division ratio, the major third note is 13. 7-11.
The pitch deviation is corrected to 5=2.2 (cents).

Similarly, when the keys corresponding to the note names g, G, and Ii are pressed simultaneously on the keyboard 1, the chord detection circuit 2 detects that the chord is E mica. According to the control mode of (2), the signal UP is frequency-divided by @1' in order to increase the output frequency of the frequency-divided tone generator circuit DTG7 (see table 113 @) of pitch name G, which has an interval relationship of a minor third with respect to the tonic. Output ratio control data PC7.

Frequency division sound source circuit DTG7 #i This signal UP changes the frequency division ratio from 319 to 317 by inputting the frequency division ratio control data PC70 of @1" and divides the frequency into the main taro, ri, and fon pulse φ. This causes p1 The pitch of the minor minor (in this case the note G) is %10.3 cents higher than that of the equal tempered scale (see Table 4); by contrast, the pitch of the minor third of the equal tempered scale is also t. That's the pure tonic scale) t15.6 cents low (11
(See Table 1), with this corrected frequency division ratio, the pitch of the 413 degree note is corrected to a pitch deviation of -115,6+10.3--5.3 (*yt) compared to the case of pure pitch.

In addition, since the pitch deviation between the equal temperament and the just key is very small for the perfect fifth flatten (see Table 1), no correction is made in this embodiment.

In this way, the pitches of the notes that make up the chord can be set to the perfect pitch.
By controlling the pitch of the tonic (excluding the pitches of the other chord constituent notes) so that there is a moderate pitch deviation within a few cents from the pure key relationship, effective beats can be generated and beautiful harmonies can be created. It is possible to obtain the chord performance sound.

In this embodiment, the pitches of the chords and tones that are in the interval relationship of major third, minor third, and minor seventh with respect to the tonic are controlled, but this is not limited to the pitch of the second, It may also be possible to control the pitch of notes that are related to each other, such as 4th and 6th. The control means is not limited to this. For example, frequency information, which is a numerical value proportional to the musical tone frequency, is regularly accumulated, and a musical waveform amplitude value is read out from the waveform memory as an address signal of the accumulated value. In the method of forming a musical tone signal (sound source signal), appropriate pitch correction mvr multiplication may be added to the frequency information so that a pitch deviation of several cents from the pure key occurs. According to this invention, when pronouncing a chord, the pitches of the notes that make up the chord do not have a perfect tonal relationship, but the pitch can be automatically controlled so that it approaches it, which is effective. By generating IH, you can obtain a chord playing sound with 11 deep harmonies.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 81 shows an example of a good electronic musical instrument that is applicable to this invention. Figures 1 and 2 are professional diagrams showing detailed examples of the frequency dividing sound source circuit according to the present invention. 1... Keyboard, 2... Code detection circuit, 3... Octave frequency dividing circuit + opening/closing circuit, 4... Frequency division ratio control circuit,
5... Main oscillator, 6--Tone color circuit, 7... Sound system, 10... Frequency dividing circuit, 11... Frequency division ratio memory, DτG... Frequency division sound source circuit. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a good electronic musical instrument in which the pitch of the sound source signal generated from the sound source section is tuned according to the equal tempered scale, a chord detecting means is used to detect a nine chord when a key is pressed on the keyboard, and a nine chord is detected by the chord detecting means. A pitch control means for controlling the pitch of a sound source signal corresponding to the tonic of a chord (other chord constituent tones) so as to deviate from the just intonation scale by a set value corresponding to each note. (2) The sound source section includes a frequency dividing circuit, and the sound source section includes a frequency dividing circuit. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the child control means generates frequency division ratio control data for changing the frequency division ratio of the frequency dividing circuit in response to a chord detected by the chord detection means. . (3) The pitch control means is a sound source that corresponds to other chord constituent tones that have an interval relationship of a minor third or a minor seventh to the tonic among the constituent tones of the chord detected by the chord detection means. Outputting frequency dividing ratio control data for controlling the division ratio of the frequency dividing circuit in order to raise the pitch of the signal, and outputting frequency division ratio control data for controlling the division ratio of the frequency dividing circuit in order to raise the pitch of the signal, and output the frequency division ratio control data to lower the pitch of the sound source signal corresponding to the other C-tone constituent tones in the interval interval of a major third. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, which outputs frequency division ratio control data for controlling the frequency division ratio of one frequency division path.