JPS59227303A - Tool rest for numerically controlled machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the tool rest of a turning center to which a Y-axis controlling function is provided, by preparing a control drive unit in which an attachment type rotary tool holder and the supporting base of a turret head are jointly installed on the turret head of a turning center. CONSTITUTION:In a turning center 1, a head stock 3 rotatably supports a spindle 4 which can be rotated at various number of revolutions by means of a variable speed drive unit 7, and also positioned in its rotary angle by means of a servo drive unit 8. A hydraulic chuck 5 is fixed to the end part of the spindle 4, holding a workpiece 6 and transmitting rotary force to it. A carriage 12 and a supporting base 13 are controlled in their movements by means of Z-axis and X-axis servomotors 10, 11, each of which is controlled in its rotation by means of command signals from a numerical control unit 9 respectively, and a ball screw. On the outer periphery of a turret head 15, a fixed tool holder 19 and a rotary tool holder 21 that holds a rotary tool can be mounted and fastened. On the rear end of a rotary tool spindle 22, a jaw clutch 24 projecting from the rear end face of the rotary tool holder 21 is fixed in an integrated form.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to the improvement of a turret for a numerically controlled machine tool, and more specifically, in addition to the turning function of a workpiece with a fixed tool, it also has the drilling and milling function of a rotating tool. The present invention relates to an improvement of the turret tool rest of a numerically controlled lathe called a so-called turning center that performs complex machining or secondary machining.

Conventionally, the number of numerically controlled axes of a turning center is three axes: the Z and X axes, which are parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the main spindle, and the C axis, which is in the rotational direction of the main spindle. When the tool is indexed to the machining position,
Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-11830 discloses a compound machine tool that is rotatably driven by engaging a drive device that connects an electric motor installed on a turret head support base to a connecting mechanism via a transmission mechanism installed inside or outside the turret head. , Utsuko Sho 54-4153
proposed in No. Furthermore, some workpieces require milling on the end face or outer circumferential surface of the workpiece by positioning a rotary tool in a direction perpendicular to the center line of rotation, that is, in the Y-axis direction, such as width milling. Some tools have tap holes in the keyway or notch flat surface or around the outer window frame, and in such cases, Y-axis control of the rotary tool spindle axis is required in addition to the three axes mentioned above as numerical control axes. Ru. The present applicant developed a machine tool with a turret tool rest that can be controlled on the Y axis in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56
- It is proposed in No. 134101, but instead of the rotary tool spindle, the main spindle that holds the workpiece is
A machine tool that controls the axial position was published in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-10858.
It is disclosed in No. 8.

However, in order to control the Y-axis of a heavy turret turret or headstock, a strong column with a guide surface and a powerful servo feed drive device are required, which makes the turning center large. , it is inevitable that the production cost will increase significantly.

This invention overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks, and includes an attachment-type rotary tool holder that can be easily attached to and detached from the conventional turret head of a turning center as needed, and a control and drive unit provided on the support base of the turret head. The object of the present invention is to provide a turret tool rest for a morning center that has a simple and inexpensive Y-axis control function. Another object of the present invention is to provide an even simpler rotary tool by using an attachment-type rotary tool holder that can be easily removed from a conventional turret as needed, and an adjustment device fixed to the rotary tool holder. It is an object of the present invention to provide a turret tool post for a turning center that has a Y-axis position adjustment function.

The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

In a turning center 1 shown in plan in FIG. 1, a headstock 3 mounted on a bed 2 is continuously rotated at various rotation speeds by a variable speed drive device A7 VC and selected. A main shaft 4 whose rotational positioning is controlled by a servo drive device 8 which is connected to the main shaft 4 is pivotally supported. A hydraulic chuck 5 is fixed to the tip of the main shaft 4, and a workpiece 6 is formed into a thin tube to transmit rotational force. Reference numeral 12 denotes a reciprocating table that moves in the Z-axis direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft 4 on the guide surface of the bed 2. Move in the perpendicular X-axis direction. The reciprocating table 12 and the support table 13 are each driven by Z-axis and X-axis servo motors 10.1 whose rotations are controlled by command signals from the numerical controller 9.
1 and the pole screw, the movement is controlled at a distance and speed determined by the program.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a turret head that is pivotally supported on the support base 13, and is rotated by a command signal from the numerical control device 9]4
The tool rest 17 is of a known type, and is rotated by the tool holder to index and tighten a required tool at a predetermined machining position. The outer periphery of the gutter 15 formed into a regular polygon has two tool mounting surfaces 16 of the same number of angles, and holds a fixed tool 18 such as a cutting tool for turning the end face or outer periphery of the workpiece 6. A fixed tool holder 19 holds a rotary tool 20 such as a drill, tap, or milling cutter for performing secondary processing such as a keyway, a drill hole, or a cut surface at a required position on the end surface or outer surface of the workpiece 6. The rotary tool boulder 21 can be mounted and tightened at any tool mounting surface position in any order. FIG. 2 shows an example of a known rotary tool holder 21, which pivotally supports a rotary tool main shaft 22 having an axis parallel to the rotational index axis of the turret head 15, that is, in the X-axis direction. The collet chuck 23 provided at the tip grips the shank of a rotary tool 20 such as the milling cutter shown in the figure, and constitutes a side milling boulder for milling the outer surface of a workpiece 6 indexed to a desired position. . A pawl clutch 24 is integrally fixed to the rear end of the rotary tool main shaft 22, protruding from the rear end surface of the rotary tool holder 21, while a claw clutch 24 is integrally fixed to the support base 13-1 for rotating the rotary tool 20. A variable speed drive device 30 such as a DC motor is installed,
A pawl clutch 25 to be engaged with the pawl clutch 24 described above is fixedly attached to the front and the second half, and a transmission shaft 26 rotatably supported by a support 31 provided on the side surface of the support base 13, a pair of pulleys 27 and 28, and a pair of pulleys 27 and 28. Connected by a tensioned belt 29, a variable speed drive device 30 drives a rotary tool main shaft 22 at an appropriate rotation speed via a transmission shaft 26 and a pair of claw clutches 25, 24 after engagement.
drive the rotation.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a type of rotary tool holder that pivotally supports the rotary tool main shaft 22 similar to that shown in FIG. The rotary tool main shaft 22 has an axis in the Z-axis direction, and a face milling cutter 20 for performing secondary processing on the end face of the workpiece 6 is fitted therein. The offset rotary tool holder 32 has a cylindrical casing 33 rotatably fitted therein, and the front edge of the casing 33 is connected to the guide plate 3.
4 is in sliding contact. The rotating tool main shaft 22 is connected to the casing 33
A gear 43.4 is connected to a drive shaft 42, which is rotatably supported around an axis S offset by a distance 1 (,) from a rotation axis I) of the casing, and which is coaxially supported with the rotation axis of the casing.
It is continuously rotated through 4 steps.

As in the case of the rotary tool holder 21 in FIG. Utilizing the axial engagement and tightening operation, the pawl clutch 24 on the boulder 32 side and the variable speed drive device 3 described above
The transmission shaft 26 on the 0 side is connected to the pawl clutch 25 of the master 1, ;.

Furthermore, the pawl clutch 25 is provided with a spring 64 and is resiliently repelled in the meshing direction so that it can move back 12 times when the pawls collide with each other and do not mesh smoothly. Index plate 6 of turret head 15
The pawl clutch 2 is engaged and connected almost simultaneously with the engagement indexing by 5.
5.24, the rotational force is applied to the clutch shaft 35. A pair of meshing bevel gears 36, 37, a bevel gear shaft 38. Spur gear train 39.40
The signal is transmitted to the gear 41 fixed to the rear end of the drive shaft 42, and as described above, the drive 1 is transmitted via the spur gears 43 and 44.
It is configured to rotate a rotary tool main shaft 22 which is supported in parallel with the rotary tool 11142.

A worm wheel 45 is integrally fixed to the outer circumference of the casing 33 over approximately half the circumference, and a worm wheel 46 meshes with the worm wheel 45.
The worm shaft 47 has a pair of meshing bevel gears 48, 49 . A bevel gear shaft 50.degree. is connected to a clutch shaft 53 having a pawl clutch 54 integrally fixed thereto through a pair of spur gears 51 and 52, water coming out from the rear end surface of the rotary tool holder 32 t2.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
A servo motor 60 whose rotation is controlled by a command signal from the numerical control device 9 is installed on its negative side, and a worm that meshes with a worm 58 installed at the shaft end of the motor 60. A transmission shaft 56 is fixed to one end via a wheel 57 with a pawl clutch 55 to be engaged with the aforementioned pawl clutch 54, and is pivotally supported on the support 31 in parallel with the transmission shaft 26.
Rotation is transmitted to. holder 32 to turret) M 1
5 Double claw clutch 5 when indexed to KJ stiff machining position
The meshing connection of 4°55 is carried out in exactly the same way and simultaneously with the pawl clutches 25, 24, so that the one-bo motor 6
The 00 rotational force is transmitted to the 46° worm wheel 45 through the -7.J dog clutch 55. It is configured to rotate within the holder 32 around the center.

As shown in FIG. 4, the axis S of the rotary tool spindle 22 is offset by a distance R from the rotation center axis of the casing 33, and both are parallel to the Z-axis direction, and both axes S are the spindle axis. The rotary tool main shaft 22 rotates in parallel with the axis S parallel to the ZX plane, that is, in the Y-axis direction, with the illustrated position on the ZX plane containing the casing 33 serving as the rotation origin.

A concentric speed reduction device 63 is provided on the clutch shaft 53 in close proximity to the rear end surface of the holder 32, and a reduction ratio is determined so that its outer periphery rotates in synchronization with the casing 33. A dog 62 is provided at a position corresponding to the rotation origin of the casing 33. On the other hand, a proximity switch 61 for checking the origin is provided on the side of the length holder 31, and the dog 6
Together with 2, it serves as an origin detector for the casing 33.

5 and 6 show an embodiment in addition to the offset rotary tool holder 32 equipped with a Y-axis control function, and an axis mS in the X-axis direction.
A rotary tool main shaft 22 is supported offset by a distance R from the rotational axis of a casing 33, with a side milling cutter 20 that performs secondary processing on the outer circumferential side of a workpiece 6 held in a collet chuck 23. ing. A drive shaft 42 supported concentrically with the rotation axis of the casing 33 is connected to a pair of pawl clutches 25, which are first connecting members that are connected when the boulder 32 mounted on the turret head 15 is indexed to the processing position. The rotational force is received from the variable speed drive device 30 through a pair of gears 43 and 44, and the rotary tool main shaft 2
2 continuously rotate at an appropriate number of rotations. On the other hand, casing 3
A segment gear 66 extending approximately half the circumference is fixed to the outer periphery of the gear 3, and a binion shaft 68, which has a binion 67 fixed to one end that meshes with the segment gear 66, is connected to a clutch from a pair of dog claw clutches 55 and 54, which are second connecting members. A shaft 53, a pair of spur gears 52.
The servo motor 600 shown in FIG.
The rotational force is transmitted to the segment] gear 66 and the rotational force is transferred to the segment 66. The rotation of the ring 33 is controlled. The origin detector of the casing 33 is constructed of a dog and a proximity switch 61, which are provided protruding from a concentric reduction gear 63 coaxially provided on the clutch shaft 53 and rotated in synchronization with the casing 33, as in the first embodiment described above. Ru.

Next, FIGS. 8 and 9 show still another embodiment of an offset rotary tool holder 32 equipped with a Y-axis position adjustment device for the rotary tool spindle 22, in which the rotary tool spindle 22 is indexed to the machining position. Continuous rotation at a suitable speed by a first drive including a variable speed drive 30 via a first connection 125.24 coupled when the Similar, but unlike in both previous embodiments, the means for rotating the casing 33 is driven by a second drive device including a servo motor 60 and a second coupling member 55,54; It is characterized by an adjustment device.

That is, a worm shaft 69 is fixedly supported by a worm 46 that engages with a worm pole 45 fixed on the half circumferential surface of the casing 330, and has one end protruding from the upper end surface of the boulder 32, and a shaft end for manual rotation. A knob 72 is provided. 71 is a scale plate formed integrally with the knob 72;
゜ is a flanch that is screwed onto the upper surface of the boulder 32 and has an origin mark line engraved thereon. Therefore, even before this offset rotary tool boulder 32 is attached to the turret head 15, it can be manually set in advance by rotating the casing 33 by rotating the knob 720 and adjusting the position of the rotary tool main shaft 22 in the Y-axis direction.

To explain the operation of the offset rotary tool boulder 32 having the above-mentioned configuration, using FIGS. 5 and 6 as examples, an end mill cutter 20 with a diameter d is used to cut the cutter diameter on the outer circumferential side of the workpiece 6 in FIG. When machining a keyway (2) with a width w1 and a length l larger than d by 2a, first align the rotation origin of the casing 33, that is, the axis S of the rotary tool spindle 22, on the XZ plane including the axis c of the spindle 4. At the same time as the cutter 20 is set and rotated, it moves on the XZ plane and strikes the outer circumferential side of the workpiece 6, which is gripped by the chuck 5 and indexed at a required angle position, to the cutter diameter d, moving away from its rotation center line CK. Equivalent width d1 length l
Cut the keyway. Next, the support stand 13 is moved back in the XZ direction to release the cutter 20 from the keyway K, and then the servo motor 60 is driven to rotate by a command from the numerical controller 90 to move the casing 33 from the rotation origin as shown in FIG. '' direction by a required angle θ = 5 in-' a/R. Due to this rotation, the axial center S of the rotary tool main shaft 22 traces a circle of about 2 radius around the axis in a direction orthogonal to the XZ plane and reaches point B.

Therefore, the rotation center of the cutter 20 moves by +a in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the XZ plane. However, the center of rotation of the cutter 20, which has reached the 13th point after rotation, also changes -1-1 in the Z-axis direction.
) = R(1-cos θ), and in the second cutting process of the keyway, the displacement is -1) in the Z-axis direction in advance.
By correcting the position of the cutter 20 and controlling the depth of cut and feed of the cutter 20 in the same way as the first time, the width alignment process of +a can be performed on the keyway K. In the third cutting process, by controlling the rotation of the casing 33 counterclockwise from the rotation origin by the required angle θ, the rotation center S of the cutter 20 can be moved by −a in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, since the keyway K can be subjected to the width alignment process of -a, the keyway K of the required @W can be obtained.

In this way, the casing 33 of the offset rotary tool holder 32 is controlled to rotate by the maximum angle θ=±90° from the rotation origin by the servo motor 60, and the axis S of the rotary tool spindle 22 is
can be position-controlled in the Y direction by the offset amount ±R.

Furthermore, although numerical control of the rotary tool position in the Y-axis direction is not required, in rare cases there is a request to adjust the position of the rotary tool axis in the Y-axis direction, as shown in FIG.

The knob 72 of the adjustment device as shown in FIG.
3 can be manually rotated by the maximum angle θ=±90' from the rotation origin to adjust and set the position of the axis S of the rotary tool main shaft 22 in the Y-axis direction.

By having the above configuration, this invention adds a small servo motor and its drive mechanism to the turret tool post of a conventional turning center, and provides a mounting portion that fits the tool mounting surface of the turret head. To easily realize a turning center with a Y-axis control function by simply adding one to four types of off- and sectional-type rotary tool holders as removable accessories to a tooling system as required. I can do it. Especially the main Y-axis control part.
By installing it in an accessory-type tool holder, a large column equipped with a sliding guide surface in the )' axis direction, which was necessary to implement the conventional Y-axis control function, and a large servo motor as its drive mechanism. , does not use mechanisms such as ball screws, therefore manufacturing costs are low, and the machine is not only compact and simple as a whole, but also has a Y-axis function that can be easily applied to conventional 3-axis control turning centers. It is possible to convert a turning center into a 4-axis control turning center with a 4-axis control function, or to add functions similar to Y-axis control to a 3-axis control turning center using only a simple rotary tool holder whose position can be adjusted outside or on the machine. It is possible to achieve excellent effects such as:

44. Brief description of the drawings FIG. 11 is a schematic NjL plane view of a numerically controlled machine tool showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional rotary tool holder, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the offset rotary tool holder according to the present invention, and FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of an offset rotary tool holder according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional diagram taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5. 7 is an explanatory view for explaining the cutting mode according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an offset rotary tool holder according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in the figure.

In the figure, ■... Turning center, 3... Headstock, 6... Workpiece, 13... Support stand,
15...Mountain/turret head, 17...Curved blade anastomosis, 2o
...Rotary tool, 32...Offset rotary tool holder, 33...Casing, 6o...
... Servo motor, 72 ... Knob.

Patent applicant: Ikegai Iron Works Co., Ltd. f1 diagram Unexamined mortar U59-227303 (5)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) In a tool rest of a numerically controlled machine tool that performs machining by relative movement between a workpiece held by a rotatable and indexable main shaft and a fixed tool and a rotary tool mounted on a turret head. , a clet head that is rotatably supported by a support base that moves relatively in two directions parallel and perpendicular to the spindle axis, and that rotates and indexes a plurality of fixed tools and rotary tool holders mounted on an arbitrary tool mounting surface; In particular, an offset rotary tool holder having a casing that supports a rotary tool spindle and a drive shaft of the tool spindle in parallel and is fitted so as to be rotatable about the drive shaft axis; a first driving device connected to the offset rotary tool holder indexed at a position via a first connecting member to rotate the rotary tool main shaft; and connected via a second connecting member. and a second drive device that rotates the casing, and the rotary tool fitted to the rotary tool main shaft of the offset rotary tool holder is rotated by the second drive device to include the main shaft axis. A turret for a numerically controlled machine tool characterized by position control in a direction perpendicular to the plane of relative movement of the tool. 2) A workpiece gripped by a rotatable and indexable spindle and a fixed tool attached to a clet head. In the turret of a numerically controlled machine tool that performs machining by relative movement with a rotary tool, a plurality of fixed tools are pivoted on a support stand that moves relatively in two directions, parallel and perpendicular to the spindle axis, and mounted on any tool mounting surface. and a clet head on which a rotary tool holder is attached and rotates and indexes; and the rotary tool holder, in particular, supports a rotary tool main shaft and a drive shaft of the tool main shaft in parallel and is rotatable about the drive shaft axis. An offset rotary tool holder having a fitted casing, and a drive device that connects via a connecting member with the offset rotary tool holder arranged on the support base and indexed to a machining position to rotate the rotary tool main shaft. and an adjustment device for rotating the casing disposed on the offset rotary tool holder, and the offset rotation is performed by the rotary tool front adjustment device fitted on the rotary tool main shaft of the two-tool holder. A tool rest for a numerically controlled machine tool, characterized in that the tool rest is rotated to adjust the position in a direction perpendicular to a plane of relative movement of the main shaft including the spindle axis.