JPS59213693A - Compost fermentation - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for composting waste containing organic matter such as municipal waste, sewage sludge, livestock dung, agricultural waste, and the like.

Conventionally, when composting organic waste as mentioned above, air (oxygen) and water are essential, but the moisture content of the raw material is 70%.
In cases where the amount exceeds 1, sufficient air is not supplied even if forced aeration is performed, causing problems in aerobic fermentation and making it difficult for composting to proceed smoothly.

As a countermeasure in this case, methods such as adding rice husks, sawdust, etc. to the above-mentioned organic waste, or adding compost after fermentation to the above-mentioned raw materials have been adopted.

In addition, raw materials are often mixed with various agricultural wastes, municipal waste, livestock feces, etc.

As a way to deal with this, it was necessary to provide a mixer especially for mixing the above-mentioned raw materials. However, in this case as well, it is necessary to keep the amount of each component cut out per unit time constant, and the operation is complicated.

There are many cases in which only the amount of each ingredient is cut out without the use of a mixing machine. At this time as well, not only was the operation complicated, but mixing was insufficient, resulting in nonuniform properties and moisture content of the raw materials, which inhibited uniform fermentation.

Also, 10 cm like sludge dehydrated with a filter press.
In order to compost sludge in the form of a plate with a diameter of ~20 cm and a plate thickness of several meters through good aerobic fermentation, it was necessary to crush the sludge.

The purpose of the present invention is to mix and crush the raw materials by stirring them again in the fermenter, thereby eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks, ensuring good fermentation, and obtaining uniform product compost. be.

The present invention provides a composting method in which the composting raw material is fermented and composted while being stirred and moved from the raw material input end to the discharge end in a composting fermentation chamber, and after performing the above stirring movement, A compost fermentation method in which the raw materials accumulated at only the raw material input section are agitated and moved toward the raw material input end, and the raw materials accumulated at the input section are further stirred and moved toward the discharge end again to crush and mix the raw materials. be.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a rectangular fermenter, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of accumulation of materials in the fermenter. FIG. 2 (Shu shows the state before raw material input, and FIG. 2 (B) shows the state after raw material R is input. S indicates the raw material input section, and N indicates the discharge section.

In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates a stirring device having a function of moving the material in the directions of arrows 2 and 2', and the stirring device 1 is in the state shown in Fig. 2 (4) or CB) at a starting point near the material outlet end 3. The movement starts from point 4, moves along a zigzag trajectory as shown, consisting of an arrow 5 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the material movement direction 2, and an arrow 6 in a parallel direction, until it reaches an end point near the material inlet end 7. 8, all the materials have been completely moved in the direction of arrow 2 by the material movement distance due to stirring by the stirring device R1, and the state shown in FIG. 2 (0) is reached. After reaching the end point 8, the stirring device 1 moves in reverse and crosswise in the directions 5' and 6' in order to mix and crush only the raw material R input into the raw material input section S, and transfers only the input raw material toward the raw material input end ( 2' direction) and ends in states 1 and 8' of FIG. 2(D) (mixing operation). Thereafter, the stirring device 1 stirs again in the direction of 5°6 from 8', reaching the end point at 8 (FIG. 2(E)).

The stirring device that has reached the end point 8 is connected to the fermenter 1 by the partition wall 9.
0 and returns through the passage 11 (no material is present) in the direction of the arrow 12 to reach the starting point 4 again. In addition, as another method, the passage 11 is not provided and the stirring device 1 is not provided at the end point 8.
may be returned to the starting point 4 after being lifted above the pile height of the material in the fermenter 10. Of course, in this case, it is necessary to add a mechanism for lifting the stirring device 1.

3, 4, and 5 show the first embodiment of the stirring device 1. FIG. 3 is a perspective view, and FIG. 4.5 is a perspective view of the stirring device 1.
In the arrow views, FIG. 4 shows the stirring movement state when the stirring device 1 moves in the directions of arrows 5 and 6 and moves the material in the direction of 2, and FIG. , b/ shows the state of stirring and movement when the fine particles are moved in the 2' direction.

The stirring device 1 has a horizontal shaft 17 and approximately radially projecting blades 1.
It consists of a rotating paddle consisting of 8.
When moving the material in the direction 2'), it rotates in the direction of arrow 19, and when mixing (moving the material in the direction 2'), it rotates in the opposite direction in the direction of arrow 19'. Therefore, when performing a mixing operation, the stirring device R1, which is achieved by simple electrical operation, is suspended from the truck 14 by the arm 15, and the truck 14 can run vertically in the directions of arrows 6 and 6', and can run along the lane 16 in the directions of arrows 5 and 6'. Traverses in the 5' direction.

As the cart 14 traverses, that is, the stirring device 1 moves in the direction of the arrow 5, the material is cut by the blades 18. At this time, the material pile height H is at least 1/2 times the outer diameter T of the paddle, preferably 1
If the amount is more than double, the material will jump over the paddle and be transferred in the direction of arrow 2 as shown by dotted arrow 20 due to the perforation effect of the material itself, that is, stirring and movement in one direction will be performed at the same time. Become. Also, when mixing, do the same with arrow 20.
The stirring movement is performed in the direction of arrow 2' as shown in '. By such cutting and splashing of the material, the material is broken down into fine particles, and an extremely uniform mixing state can be maintained. Furthermore, by stirring the same materials again, the mixed state of the materials becomes more uniform.

6, 7, 8, and 9 show other embodiments relating to the movement of the stirring device 1, which are mainly applied to open storage. In this case, the stirring device 1 is moved by a ground vehicle 23. Figure 6 is a front view, Figure 7
The figure shows a side view, FIG. 8 shows a front view of another embodiment, and FIG. 9 shows a plan view during stirring and transfer. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the stirring device 1 is similar to the first embodiment, and the stirring device 1 is attached to the front of the ground vehicle 26, and the horizontal shaft 17 rotates in both left and right directions. It is configured to be rotatable. The example shown in FIG. 8 differs only in that the stirring device 1 is composed of a plurality of rotating paddles.

3 to 5 of the first embodiment, as the ground vehicle 260 travels, that is, the stirring device 1 moves in the direction of the arrow 22', the material is incised by the blades 18, as shown by the dotted arrow 20. It is blown away and transported in the direction of arrow 2. When the ground vehicle 26 makes a U-turn as shown by the arrow 24 and moves in the direction of the arrow 22, the material is always transferred in the direction of the arrow 2 by rotating the wing 18 in the opposite direction to the arrow 19. That will happen. Also, during mixing, when moving in the direction of arrow 22', rotate the paddle in the opposite direction to arrow 20, and when moving in the direction of arrow 22, rotate the paddle in the direction shown by arrow 20 to mix the materials. 2'. By repeating such a zigzag motion from the material outlet end 6 to the material inlet end 7, all the materials can be stirred and moved.

In the illustrated example, the agitation device 1 and the ground vehicle 26 are integrated, but the agitation device 1 may be packaged separately and connected to the front part of the ground vehicle 26. Furthermore, it is even better if the stirring device 1 is configured so that it can be moved up and down relative to the ground vehicle 23 (this configuration is not shown), so that the gap between the floor surface and the tip of the blade 18 can be adjusted as desired.

FIG. 10 is an example of a fermenter in which the stirring device moves only in the vertical direction (6 and 6' directions).

The stirring device starts moving from 6 and reaches the end point 8 while performing stirring movement in the direction of 2.

After that, it moves to 8', stirs and moves the input raw material in the direction of 2', and again moves to 8 with agitation in the direction of 2, completing the operation.

The stirring device used in the above fermenter is shown in Figures 3 to 5.
The rotary paddle shown in the figure may be used, but a belt conveyor with a cleat as shown in FIG. 11 may also be used. In this case, the mixing operation may be carried out by lifting the stirring device by h and changing the direction of movement of the stirring device, or by setting the minimum distance h' between the floor and the cleat to h').
In case h, the direction may be changed around the shaft 25 of the pulley of the stirring device.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides a composting method in which the composting raw material is fermented and composted while stirring and moving from the raw material input port to the discharge port in a compost fermentation chamber. After stirring and moving, the raw materials deposited only in the raw material input section are stirred and moved toward the raw material input port, and the raw materials accumulated in the input section are further stirred and moved toward the discharge port to crush and mix the raw materials. Not only does this greatly reduce the precision of controlling the amount of each component cut out, which was complicated in the past, but it also allows for uniform mixing without the need for a mixer. Due to the continuous stirring, the raw material is finely granulated and crushed, which has extremely significant practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of mixing operation, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the stirring device, Figs. 4 and 5 are views in the direction of arrow P, and Fig. 6 is another embodiment of the stirring device. 7 is a side view thereof, FIG. 8 is a front view of another embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an agitation transfer state. FIG. 10 is a plan view of another embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a side view of the stirring device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Stirring device, 2, 2'... Arrow, 6... Material outlet end, 4... Starting point, 5, 5'... Arrow, 6, 6'
...arrow, 7... material diagonal entry end, 8... end point, 8'
... Mixing operation end point, 9 ... Bulkhead, 10 ... Fermentation tank, 11 ... Passage, 12 ... Arrow, 16 ... Crane, 14 ... Dolly, 15 ... Arm, 16...Air chamber, 17...Horizontal axis, 18...Wing, 19°19'
...Arrow, 20, 2 D'...Arrow, 21...
Arrow, 22. 22'...arrow, 23...ground vehicle, 24...arrow, 25...shaft, 26...protrusion. Patent applicant: Ebara Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a composting method in which the composting raw material is fermented and composted while stirring and moving from the raw material input end to the discharge end in a composting fermentation chamber, the above-mentioned stirring movement is After that, the raw materials accumulated only at the raw material input section are stirred and moved toward the raw material input end, and the raw materials accumulated at the input section are further stirred and moved toward the discharge end again, thereby crushing and mixing the raw materials. Featured compost fermentation method. 2. The stirring and moving method is a method of stirring and moving all the materials by moving the materials along a zigzag trajectory having both components substantially perpendicular and parallel to the direction of stirring and movement of the materials. The method described in Scope 1. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring and moving method is a method of stirring and moving all the materials by moving the materials in a direction parallel to the stirring and moving direction of the materials. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring method is a stirring method using a rotating paddle comprising blades protruding substantially in the radial direction of a horizontal shaft. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring method is a stirring method using a cleated belt conveyor.