JPS59209110A - Reinforced shape - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a molded article of a ceramic product in which a continuous reinforcing material is embedded.

A ceramic product molded body with a continuous reinforcing material embedded therein (hereinafter referred to as a reinforced molded body) is made of a mortar raw material mixed with biological parts, and has metal wires, metal meshes, metal strips, and glass fibers inside. The brittleness of ceramic products is reinforced by embedding other long continuous reinforcing materials, and this product has been commercially available for a long time. Mortar raw materials that form the biological part of the reinforced molded body include ordinary Portland cement, early strength cement, alumina cement, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as cement), and silica sand, river sand, crushed stone, etc. (hereinafter referred to as aggregate). A plasticizer, a water reducing agent, a swelling agent, fibers, etc. (hereinafter referred to as additives) are added as necessary, and water is added to the mixture to prepare a kneaded product. Such mortar raw materials are molded into a predetermined shape by an appropriate molding method such as press acid molding, extrusion molding, and cast molding.
In this case, it is necessary to wrap the continuous reinforcing material inside the mortar raw material with a predetermined coating thickness and mold it so that no part is exposed on the surface. By subjecting the reinforced molded body to treatments such as drying, glazing, firing, and rehydration after molding, it becomes a building material as a ceramic product with a beautiful surface and excellent durability. However, when a glaze film is provided on the surface of a reinforced molded product, cracks occur frequently during firing, making it difficult to obtain a beautiful glazed surface. had.

The cause of cracks is that during firing, the continuous reinforcing material and the cement-based mortar raw material are bound to each other by the self-adhesive force that accompanies the hardening of the mortar raw material, but at the same time, the mortar This is due to the phenomenon that the raw material contracts and conversely expands into a continuous reinforcing material.In other words, at the time of firing, a large tensile stress acts on the part of the mortar raw material that has not escaped from its unsolidified state. When the temperature exceeds the firing stage, the cement undergoes extensive dehydration, and during this dehydration, the strength of the mortar raw material temporarily decreases. These phenomena act synergistically to cause frequent cracks on the surface of the reinforced molded body.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the applicant of the invention previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 334/1983 to prevent the occurrence of cracks during firing by using silica as an aggregate for mortar raw materials. proposed a method to do so. Issue F3A of the prior application
was somewhat effective in preventing the occurrence of cracks, but as a result of subsequent experience, it was found that it was still insufficient to obtain a beautiful glaze surface. In order to obtain a good glazed surface, it is necessary to completely vitrify the glaze and to make sure that there are no cranks or pinholes not only in the mortar material but also in the glazed surface itself. In order to do this, it is necessary to keep the temperature increase rate and temperature decrease rate during the firing process fairly slow so as not to cause a sudden decrease in thermal stress. As a result, the shrinkage amount of the S component of the mortar raw material also increased, and it was found that the addition of silica as an aggregate was not enough to compensate for the heat shrinkage of the mortar raw material. In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have carried out extensive research and have selected and used aggregates with a coefficient of linear expansion equal to or higher than a predetermined value as all or part of the aggregate contained in mortar raw materials. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the amount of shrinkage of the mortar raw material despite receiving a large amount of heat during firing, avoid the action of excessive tensile stress on the mortar raw material, and create a beautiful glazed surface without cracks. It was discovered that a reinforced molded product with a strong structure can be obtained.The invention based on the above findings will be described in detail below.

Unexploded l1ll14 is a mixed wire mortar raw material whose main materials are cement and aggregate, and if necessary, one or more additives such as plasticizers, water reducing agents, swelling agents, and fibers are added. Depends on mortar raw materials! l In a reinforced molded body consisting of a continuous reinforcing material such as a metal wire, metal mesh, metal strip, glass roving, etc., which is enclosed in a buried state, all or part of the aggregate is heated at a temperature below the maximum firing temperature. The gist is a reinforced molded body using a material having a linear expansion coefficient of 15X 10'-' or more. If the coefficient of linear expansion is l
When using only aggregate of less than 5 x 10-6, the heat yield tt of the mortar raw material can be covered, but the occurrence of cracks cannot be prevented, making it difficult to achieve the object of the present invention.

In the present invention, for example, C! aP1 and C! Examples include those with a003 k principal component. When preparing a mortar raw material using such aggregate, the mixing ratio of cement and aggregate is 25 parts by weight of aggregate with the above linear expansion characteristics per 100 parts by weight of cement.
S or more, preferably 50 parts by weight or more, and if other aggregates are used at the same time, it is desirable that the total amount of all aggregates be 50 parts by weight or more, preferably 100 parts by weight or more.

In any case, if the mixing ratio is less than the specified ratio, it is difficult to expect the effect of preventing crack generation during firing.

Other aggregates to be used in combination must exhibit expandability at a temperature below the maximum incineration ash temperature.If this aggregate exhibits shrinkage, the effect of using all the aggregates with the above linear expansion characteristics will be reduced. It becomes diluted. Of course, when kneading mortar raw materials at the above mixing ratio, a normal amount of water is added, and if necessary, commonly used additives such as plasticizers and fibers are added. 〇 To form a reinforced molded body of a predetermined shape with continuous reinforcing material embedded using the above mortar raw material, pressurized acid molding or pour molding may be used as in the conventional method, but the method shown schematically in No. 11 The most practical method is extrusion molding. In FIG. 1, 1 is an extruder, and 2 is a curved discharge pipe attached to the tip of the extruder 1. A guide hole 3 for introducing the steel wire 7 into the discharge pipe 2 is attached behind the discharge pipe 2. In the manufacturing line after the discharge pipe 2, an rJrJ stage conveyor 4, a rear stage conveyor 5, etc. are installed in succession in an appropriate manner, and a cutting machine 6 is installed between the Mi 1 stage stiff conveyor and the 4 stage conveyor 5. . The mortar raw material mixed according to the above-mentioned mixing ratio is charged into the extruder 1 through the input port and extruded from the discharge pipe 2. At the same time, the steel wire 7 is introduced into the kite body 3, and the introduced copper wire 7 is surrounded by mortar raw material inside the discharge pipe 2.

Therefore, the copper wire 7 is buried inside the elongated reinforced molded body 8 extruded from the discharge pipe 2.

The fc long tub-shaped body formed by extrusion maple 1 is solidified and then cut into predetermined lengths to form unit molded bodies 9.

Although not shown in Figure 1, in order to promote assimilation,
It is preferable to install a heat treatment furnace or the like for promoting assimilation in the installation area of the front-stage conveyor 4.

By doing this, each time the long reinforced molded body 8 is pushed out a predetermined distance, it can be easily cut by the operation of the cutter 1fii6 installed between the front conveyor 4 and the rear conveyor 5. The unit molded bodies 9 can be efficiently obtained during the conveyor transfer process. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the unit molded bodies 9 obtained by the extrusion molding method shown in FIG.

This figure shows five steel wires 7 buried in a unit molded body 9, but what is important when burying the steel wires 7 is the coating thickness tl of the mortar raw material in the unglazed state. There are two issues: how much should be ground and how much should the particle size of the aggregate mixed into the mortar raw material be ground. These are closely related to the diameter of the steel wire 7, that is, the coating thickness t is more than twice the diameter φ of the steel wire 7, and the grain size of the aggregate is the diameter φ of the steel wire 7. It is desirable that it be 1/2 or less. When the coating thickness t is smaller than twice the diameter φ of the steel wire 7, the tensile stress acting on the mortar raw material at the bonding surface between the steel wire 7 and the mortar raw material during firing becomes the unit molded body 90. It is easy to propagate to the surface curve, and there is a risk that cracks will occur on the surface.If the grain size of the aggregate exceeds one half of the diameter φ of the steel wire 7, the effect of preventing crack generation during firing will be poor. The above coating thickness t has been explained for the case where steel wire is used as the continuous reinforcing material, but when metal mesh is used as the continuous reinforcing material, it can be replaced by the relationship with the diameter of the gold maple wire used for braiding the mesh. If the metal strip is used as a continuous reinforcing material, it may be replaced by the relationship with the thickness of the metal strip. The same applies when glass roving is used as a continuous reinforcing material.

The unit-reinforced molded body obtained as described above is processed into a ceramic product as a building material through processing steps such as drying, glazing, firing, and water reuse in the same manner as conventional ones. [Example 1] 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, fluorite as aggregate (main component CaF!, coefficient of linear expansion) 19 x 10-', maximum particle size 590 μm) 25 parts by weight, silica sand (main component Sin,
, linear expansion coefficient 13X10-', maximum particle size 500μm325
parts by weight, 28 parts by weight of water, plasticizer (trade name: h1 Metrose 90, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. SR-15000)
) 1.6 parts by weight, asbestos (LACr)
U QUE'BEC.

After mixing 5 parts by weight of LTI'Fi (product name: 6D-5FiX) with an omnimixer (part name: 0M-30, manufactured by Chiyoda Giken Co., Ltd.), kneading a (product name: PMD, manufactured by Honda Iron Works Co., Ltd.) -3) The obtained mortar raw material was extruded by the method shown in Figure 1 using an extruder (product name DB-100 manufactured by Honda Iron Works Co., Ltd.), and the predetermined A unit reinforced molded body 10t having the shape schematically shown in FIG. 3 was obtained by cutting it into lengths.
The continuous reinforcing material 11 is 1.2φmm, l-4φm*
Each hard steel wire of 1-6φ and 1.0φ■.

A total of five types of continuous reinforcing materials each made of SUS steel wire of 1.6- were used separately. The dimensions of the unit reinforced molded body IO are as follows: width W is 25mm, height H is 12mm, and the coating thickness is to on the front surface, back surface, and side surface.

Each pt3 was 4m, and the length L was 15CWL and 75Cs+s, and three 15cm pieces and one 75G piece were modeled. After molding, these unit reinforcing bodies 1111 were cured in air for one day and in water for six days, and then glazed with a conventional glaze by a spray method and fired in a Schottl kiln. The heating pattern during firing was to raise the temperature from room temperature to 850°C over about 2.5 hours, hold it at 850°C for 30 minutes, and then gradually lower the temperature in the kiln. The fired unit reinforced molded bodies 10 were taken out of the kiln one day after firing, and immediately immersed in water for re-curing for 21 days. The unit reinforced molded body 10 subjected to the above-described treatment was subjected to visual observation of the occurrence of surface cracks.

[Example 2] As aggregates, 25 parts by weight of fluorite and 75 parts by weight of silica sand were used, 32 parts by weight of water and 1.9 parts by weight of a plasticizer were added,
In other respects, a mortar raw material was prepared using the same mixing ratio and the same mixing process as in Example 1, and the same continuous reinforcing material and the same extrusion molding as in Example 1 were used.
A unit reinforced molded body having the same shape and dimensions was obtained, and the subsequent treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the occurrence of cracks on the surface was visually observed. In addition, in the following Examples and Comparative Examples, only the mixing ratio of aggregate was changed, and most other conditions were applied under the same conditions as Example 1, so in the following, ordinary Portland cement was used. ) The mixing ratio of aggregate to 100 parts by weight shall be described, and if the processing conditions are different, the S degree shall be added. , the cement raw material was prepared.

[Example 4] A mortar raw material was prepared using a mixing ratio of 50 parts by weight of fluorite and 50 parts by weight of silica sand as aggregates.

[Example 5] The aggregates were fluorite 50% by weight and Sherpen (crushed sanitary ware, linear expansion coefficient 6.7 x 10'', maximum particle size 1.19).
A mortar raw material was prepared at a mixing ratio of 50 parts by weight (0 μm).

[Example 6] A mortar raw material was prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of fluorite as aggregate.

[Example 7] The aggregate was kansuiseki (main component CaO03, linear expansion coefficient 26 x 1
0'-', maximum particle size 500 μm) 50 parts by weight, silica sand 50
All mortar raw materials were prepared at a mixing ratio of parts by weight.

The maximum firing temperature of the unit reinforced molded body was 700°C.
Example 8 All mortar raw materials were prepared as aggregates at a mixing ratio of 50 parts by weight of Kansuiseki and 50 parts by weight of Shelben. The maximum firing temperature W of the unit reinforced molded body was set to 700°C.

[Comparative Example 1] A mortar raw material was prepared using 100 parts by weight of silica sand as the aggregate.

[Comparative Example 2] A raw material for rutal was prepared using the aggregate at a mixing ratio of 100 parts by weight of 7-day rubene.Table 1 shows the results of visual observation of the above-mentioned Example and Comparative Example. It is. As is clear from these results, the unit-reinforced molded product according to the present invention has fewer cracks even when glazed and baked than the conventional comparative example, and in particular, the diameter of the continuous reinforcing material is small. Moreover, there are almost no cracks in the case of short pieces.Moreover, the unit-reinforced molded bodies of the present invention have a glaze layer on the surface, a biological part, or a mortar raw material, and both of them are composed of inorganic compositions. Coupled with this, it is extremely excellent as a beautiful and durable building material.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the extrusion molding device used to form the unexploded FIA1'i reinforced molded product, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the unit reinforced molded product obtained with the extrusion molding device of Fig. 1. 3 are enlarged perspective views of unit reinforced molded bodies subjected to visual observation of crack occurrence. 1... Extruder 2... Discharge pipe 3... Guide body 4
... Front stage conveyor 5 ... Back stage conveyor 6 ... Cutting machine 7 ... Steel wire 8 ... Long reinforced molded body 9.10
... Unit reinforced molded body 11 ... Continuous reinforcement material patent applicant Ina Seito Co., Ltd. agent Patent attorney Toshihiko Uchida

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Main materials are cement and aggregate, and if necessary, a plasticizer,
Mortar raw materials prepared by adding one or more types of water reducing agents, fibers and other additives, and metal wires, metal meshes, metal strips, crow rovings and other objects buried with the mortar raw materials. In a reinforced molded body made of a continuous reinforcing material, all of the aggregates have a coefficient of linear expansion of 15 at S degree below the highest node vLs as a part.
Reinforced molded body 02, characterized in that the aggregate has a linear expansion coefficient of 1 5 or more at humidity below the maximum firing temperature, and X 1 0-' or more. When using, the mortar raw material is prepared in a mixing ratio of 25 parts by weight or more of the aggregate having the linear expansion property t to 100 parts by weight of 1-100 parts by weight of the mortar according to claim 1. Reinforced molded body. 3. If part of the aggregate is one with a coefficient of linear expansion of 15 x 10-6 or more at a temperature below the maximum firing temperature, 2. The reinforced molded article according to claim 1, wherein the mortar raw material is prepared in such a manner that the total mixing ratio of the secondary aggregate having the above-mentioned aggregate and other aggregates is 50 parts by weight or more. 4. A continuous reinforcing material is buried inside the reinforcing molded body with a coating thickness that is at least twice the diameter -ji or wall thickness of the continuous reinforcing material. Reinforced molded body. 5. The reinforced molded article according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the aggregate is one-half or less of the thickness of the coating in which the continuous reinforcing material is embedded. 6. The reinforced molded product according to claim 1, wherein the reinforced molded product is subjected to treatments such as drying, glazing, firing, and rehydration after molding.