JPS59204939A - Synthetic fiber multi-layer knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention G) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a knitted fabric with a multilayer structure made of non-hygroscopic fibers such as synthetic fibers and having excellent water permeability and diffusivity. The present invention relates to a knitted fabric suitable for use as a fabric for sports clothing, which has an excellent ability to move from one surface to the other, has excellent perspiration treatment, and has both wash and wear properties.

(b) Prior art and its problems Knitted fabrics for sports clothing include 100% natural fibers such as cotton, 100% synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide, and mixed knits of natural fibers and synthetic fibers. There is.

On the other hand, these clothes are worn in contact with the skin and often cause sweating when worn, so the fabric absorbs the sweat and 1. It gradually moves to the surface of the fabric and easily evaporates into the outside air.

Wash-and-wear items that require frequent washing are ideal.

However, at present, there is no material that has water absorption, water permeability, transpiration properties, and wash-and-wear properties.

In other words, 1[]00% natural fibers such as cotton and wool have excellent water absorption and water retention properties, so they absorb sweat well, but once absorbed, sweat does not evaporate easily. However, a considerable amount of water remains inside the fibers, which takes time to dry. On the other hand, conventional 100% synthetic fibers have excellent wash and wear properties, but on the other hand, they have a low water absorption rate when they come into contact with water, and have poor water permeability, so they do not absorb or transfer sweat. This leads to discomfort due to sweat.

Furthermore, blended products of natural fibers and synthetic fibers, and mixed knitted products exhibit wash-and-wear properties in between.

Regarding its behavior with respect to sweat, it has the disadvantage that it does not evaporate easily because the sweat is absorbed into the natural fibers and becomes hydrated. Furthermore, natural fibers and synthetic fibers are physical.

In terms of chemical properties, their behavior is often different, and especially in dyeing processing, this mixed product has many disadvantages compared to 100% products, such as isochromaticity and heat setting properties.

In addition, as a conventional example, 1 synthetic fiber fabric with added water permeability is one side of the fabric made of ultra-fine fibers of 07 denier or less, and the other side of the fabric made of ultra-fine fibers of 1 denier or more and ultra-fine fibers. There is a proposal for a water-absorbent fabric made of yarns with a fineness of four times or more.

This proposal was developed for use in so-called internal clothing such as underwear and diapers, so sports clothing whose fabric surface comes into direct contact with external objects or is exposed to external forces must be wear-resistant, anti-build, There are problems with anti-snagging properties, etc. Furthermore, as proposed above, ultrafine fibers of 0.7 tenier or less can be obtained, for example, by a method such as that disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 18369/1982, which also has the drawback of high manufacturing costs.

(C) Object of the present invention The object of the present invention is to provide a function that allows sweat to move from one surface of a knitted fabric to the other, that is, to provide excellent water permeability and diffusivity, as well as wash-and-wear properties, anti-pilling, and anti-pilling properties. To obtain a knitted fabric having a multilayer structure, which has snagging properties and is particularly suitable for sportswear applications.

In other words, by arranging synthetic fiber threads with different cohesiveness on the front and back sides of a nine-knit fabric, moisture is removed by utilizing the capillary effect, without absorbing moisture within the fiber structure of natural fibers such as cotton. Moisture is absorbed by the fiber threads on the contact surface, that is, the skin surface.

Move it to the other side, that is, the side that comes into contact with the outside air.

In addition, in this aspect, the purpose is to provide a function that allows moisture to be diffused.

) Configuration of the present invention The present invention has the following configuration.

"(1) A knitted fabric composed of synthetic fiber yarns, 1
A synthetic fiber multilayer knitted fabric characterized in that the yarns constituting the front side and the yarns constituting the back side of the knitted fabric have different degrees of convergence, and the yarn constituting the front side has higher convergence. .

The knitted fabric of the present invention may be of any known knitting or weaving structure, but the constituent yarns forming the surface layer of one side and the other side, that is, the front and back sides, have a difference in cohesiveness. It is a fabric with a multilayer structure. Therefore, two-sided flat knitted fabrics, two-sided circular knitting machines, double tricot, double raschel, double woven fabrics, etc.
It is not limited to layered structures, and any multilayer structure of 6, 4 or more layers is sufficient.If the yarn usage is devised, single flat knitted fabrics, single nine knitted fabrics, 7-angle tricot fabrics, raschel, - It is also possible to use heavy-duty materials. However, 9
For sports clothing, which is the target application of the present invention, knitted fabrics with stretch properties are preferred. Further, as the fabric that has air permeability, it may be a special knitted fabric having small holes such as a mesh, a pererin knit, or an eyelet knit.

The structure of the knitted fabric of the present invention is a multi-layered structure, and the most preferred embodiment is a structure in which the front surface portion and the back surface portion are connected with yarns similar to the back surface yarn.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of threads constituting the surface layer of at least one side is 2, for example,
3-18614, which is obtained by processing with a high-speed fluid jet nozzle, and which has intermittent interlacing in the eastern part in the longitudinal direction of the yarn, and This refers to an entangled composite yarn obtained by processing crimped yarn and non-crimped multifilament yarn as proposed in Publication No. 55-67024 using a high-speed fluid jet nozzle as described above. .

Furthermore, what is particularly important in the present invention is the relative difference in convergence between the front and back yarns, and various methods can be considered to provide such a difference in convergence. For example, long fiber raw silk and crimped yarn, long fiber raw silk and spun yarn.

A method of combining yarns with different structures, such as spun yarn and crimped yarn, or bulky spun yarn and non-bulky spun yarn,
In addition, there are methods of obtaining a difference in convergence by twisting the yarn by twisting.9 The present invention includes those obtained by all of these methods.

The crimped yarn may be a yarn crimped by any yarn processing method, but temporary crimped yarn is preferable because it is easily available at low cost.

In addition, from the fabric structure aspect, it is also possible to give a relative difference in convergence to the yarns on the front and back sides of the fabric, for example by changing the fabric density on the front and back sides to create a structural difference in restraint. .

The non-hygroscopic fiber yarn as used in the present invention includes raw silk of synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, and polypropylene, and 4S crimped yarn.

It is a spun yarn, and refers to a fiber yarn that is inferior in moisture absorption and water absorption compared to natural fibers. Note that the constituent yarns of the present invention may be mixed yarns containing some natural fibers.

(E) Functions and Effects of the Present Invention It can be said that synthetic fibers have almost no water content of their own, which natural fibers such as cotton have. In other words, synthetic fibers almost never contain water within their fiber structure, except for special fibers.

This is why synthetic fiber products generally have excellent wash and wear properties, but are said to have poor sweat absorption properties.

However, in the above-mentioned knitted fabrics used for sports clothing, the truly required behavior against sweat is not to contain moisture inside the fibers, but rather to prevent sweat from being absorbed inside the fibers and to allow sweat to escape from the outside air from the back side that is in contact with the skin. It is important to move the sweat to the front side, which is in constant contact with the body, and to diffuse the sweat to that surface layer for dissipation.

The present invention is an application of the natural principle that trees in the natural world move water against the direction of gravity from the trunk to the branches, then to the twigs, and then to the capillaries in the leaves, from thick tubes to thin tubes. In other words, if a capillary tube is placed on the water surface, water will rise up the capillary tube against the force of gravity.

Its height is given by h=2rcc+sθ/νρg.

Here, ν is the radius of the tube, ρ is the density of the liquid, r is the surface tension of the liquid, and θ is the contact angle of 1 g, which is the gravitational acceleration.

In other words, if the type of liquid is constant, the liquid will be sucked in inverse proportion to the radius of the tube. Using this suction effect, water can be moved to the upper layer against gravity.

The functions of the present invention will be explained using the model shown in FIG.

A is a capillary (a structure with a snout) of the same thickness in both the surface layer a and the back layer, and B is a thick capillary (L) in the surface layer a.

Structure with a thin capillary (S) on the back layer, C is a non-explosion,
It is a structure that has thin capillaries (S) on the light-like surface layer (a) and thick capillaries (L) on the back layer. In both structures, liquid (E) flows from the backing layer b (bottom in the figure) in the same way.
If it were to be sucked in, a phenomenon as shown in FIG. 1 would occur. Since the capillary tubes in the surface layer A and the back layer A have the same thickness, a force is exerted to suck the liquid toward the surface layer due to the two-capillary phenomenon, but liquid is also present in the back layer. In case B, the capillary tubes in the surface layer a are thicker than those in the back layer A, and the liquid present in the capillaries in the back layer C is not sucked into the surface layer A based on the principle explained earlier. Therefore, the back layer always contains liquid.

On the other hand, in C, which is the model structure of the present invention, the capillaries in the surface layer a are thinner and orange than those in the back layer. Because of its large size, a force acts to move the liquid from the back layer to the surface layer A on the adjacent surfaces of the second surface layer A and the back layer A. Therefore, the liquid sucked from the back layer moves to the surface layer a and is retained there, so that the back layer does not hold any liquid.

The present invention embodies the above-mentioned concept in a fiber structure. In other words, in fiber aggregates such as threads, the fine gaps that exist between the fibers form a capillary structure,
Absorbs and retains water.

The high-speed fluid jet nozzle processing system described above as a preferred embodiment of the present invention has an interlacing and converging section X and an opening section Y intermittently alternating in the longitudinal direction of the yarn, as shown in Fig. 2, which shows the structure of one embodiment. To form the form that it has.

This is evident when compared to yarn (one embodiment structure shown in FIG. 6) which has not been subjected to high velocity fluid flow treatment.

Small interfiber gaps. Therefore, based on the capillary phenomenon principle mentioned above, the water suction and water retention effects are enhanced.

For example, if the high-speed fluid jet treatment system shown in Figure 2 is placed on the front side of a two-knit fabric, and the untreated system shown in Figure 6 is placed on the back side of the two-knit fabric, based on the difference in the interfiber gaps between the two, model C based on the concept explained above. The structure is similar to that of the present invention, and the features and effects of the present invention can be effectively exhibited. Note that the fluid entangled yarn is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 2, but may have any structure.

It is also possible to utilize the difference in single yarn fineness as a factor for changing the inter-fiber gap. In other words, the thinner the fibers, the smaller the interfiber gaps, creating a thin capillary-like structure. Conversely, the thicker the fibers, the wider the gaps between the fibers, forming a capillary-like structure. However, in this case, for the purpose of transferring the texture from the skin surface to the surface in contact with the air flow, the one with a smaller single yarn fineness is used for the front surface and the one with a larger single yarn fineness is used on the back side, so the texture of the back side is rough. It is hard and has poor texture, and because it uses fine yarns on the surface, it often poses problems in terms of anti-build and anti-snag properties.

The present invention does not necessarily depend on the fineness of the single fibers, but can provide fabric structures with different inter-fiber gaps, so the above-mentioned problems of roughness, anti-pilling, and anti-snagging are common. In particular, the interlaced yarn having the interlaced convergence part, which is a component of the present invention, has a thick convergence property, so it is less susceptible to external forces.
In addition, even if fuzz is generated due to breakage of the bank thread, it is held in the interlacing and converging portion, so that less fuzz falls off, and it exhibits good properties in terms of anti-build and anti-snag properties.

Furthermore, a knitted fabric using a composite interlaced yarn consisting of a plurality of crimped yarns and non-crimped multifilament yarns, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is formed by the high-speed fluid jet treatment described above. In addition to the bundled yarn structure, the structure of the knitted fabric becomes tighter due to heat shrinkage.1 For example, when the interlaced composite yarn on the front side of the knitted fabric is used as the back side, ordinary crimped yarn is used. In some cases, more preferable effects of the present invention can be obtained. It is desirable that the aqueous humor contraction rate of the non-crimped multifilament yarn at 98° C. be 10% or more, preferably 15% or more.

Furthermore, if necessary, in post-processing, it is possible to make the material wettable easily by subjecting it to hydrophilic treatment or post-processing with an activator.

As described above, the present invention quickly absorbs sweat from the skin surface,
Water permeates to the surface layer, which is in constant contact with the outside air, and diffuses widely in the surface layer, promoting dissipation into the atmosphere.

In addition, the knitted fabric is suitable for sports clothing, having not only a sweat treatment effect but also durability against external forces such as wash-and-wear properties, pill resistance, and snag resistance.

The preferred structure of the knitted fabric of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 6, which shows an example of the structure of the knitted fabric. It is something to do. In FIG. 6, the constituent threads of the back side are tacked and tied to the stitches of the front side. Such a binding yarn also allows sufficient movement of moisture and achieves the effects of the present invention. In addition, in the case of such a binding structure, since there is a large amount of space inside the fabric, it has excellent heat retention when worn, and can be worn warm and comfortably even when sweating a lot or when the temperature is low. You can feel good. Incidentally, FIG. 7 shows the organization chart of the knitted fabric of FIG. 6.

In Fig. 6, 0) is the yarn that makes up the stitches on the back side, (B) is the yarn that makes up the stitches on the back side and forms the reeds and knots, and (C) is the yarn that makes up the stitches on the front side. shows.

The knitted fabric of the present invention has a wide variety of uses, including running shirts, shirts for various sports such as tennis, golf, soccer, rugby, basketball, and volleyball, pants, warm-up suits, sweat suits, training pants, and baseball uniforms.

The effects of the present invention will be summarized below.

■ Excellent moisture movement and dissipation, that is, water permeability.

You can feel comfortable as sports clothing.

■Excellent water and air properties.

■ It has excellent anti-pilling and anti-snazing properties, and does not lose its shape, so it has excellent form stability and durability.

- Depending on the tissue, a large amount of air can be contained inside the body, so even one sweat can keep the body warm, and it can also keep the body warm even at low temperatures.

■ It has excellent breathability and can be made into clothing suitable for hard sports.

■ It can also be made into a tissue with excellent stretch properties, making it suitable for general-purpose sports clothing.

This will be explained below using examples.

Example 1 A crimped yarn A was obtained by subjecting polyester filament yarn 150D=96F to temporary twisting using a constant elongation type two-stage heater temporary twisting machine under normal processing conditions.

In addition, the obtained crimped yarn A was
When performing high-speed fluid flow treatment using the high-speed fluid jet nozzle described in the above issue, two types of entangled yarns B and C with different entangled convergence portions were obtained by changing the nozzle air pressure. The high-speed fluid flow treatment was performed by injecting a high-speed air flow from a direction substantially perpendicular to the filament group, and the air pressure (gauge pressure) was carried out under the following conditions.

Ta.

Interlaced yarn B 3. Olcg/cm2 interlaced yarn C2,
0 bags/m2 Both yarns B and C are intermittent interlaced yarns shown in FIG. 2, and the number of interlaced yarns B is 142 yarns/m.

The number of interlaced threads C was 96 pieces/m.

Next, a knitted fabric in which yarns are arranged as shown in Table 1 is knitted on the 9 knitted surfaces and 1 knitted back side in an 8-day reversible knitting structure on a double-sided circular knitting machine 22G, and the obtained gray fabric is processed under normal finishing conditions. It was finished by scouring and dry heat setting according to the method.

Table 1 summarizes the results of evaluating the various knitted fabrics obtained for the moisture diffusion ability on the surface of the knitted fabric, as well as the anti-snagging and anti-pilling properties of the surface of the knitted fabric.

Table 1 The diffusion capacity test in Table 1 was measured using the following method.
Calculated.

0.1 cc of ink liquid obtained by diluting commercially available ink 20 times with water was dropped onto a glass plate, and each level of Examples,
The comparative example sample is placed on the knitted fabric with the back side facing down, that is, the side that will be in contact with the ink liquid. After leaving it for 60 seconds to absorb the ink liquid, it is moved to another glass plate and left for 6 minutes with the back side facing down. The diffusion area of the ink liquid on the surface of the sample knitted fabric thus obtained was measured.

A large diffusion area on the surface indicates that the ink is efficiently transferred to the surface, and it is presumed that the transpiration ability is high because the efficiency of contact with the atmosphere is improved.

Figure 4 shows the results of the above diffusion test.

FIG. Figure 4 shows the back side of the fabric, the side that comes into contact with moisture. The black part in the center is the part that came into contact with water and left behind ink. Also, Figure 5 shows the surface of the fabric.
This is the side that comes into contact with the outside air. The moisture that has migrated from the back side of the fabric is diffused several times more on the front side of the fabric, and most of the moisture on the back side is retained on the front side. In FIG. 5, the black part is the part where the indentation remains and clearly shows the water permeability effect explained above.

The anti-building properties and anti-snagging properties are as follows.

(Building resistance) IC construction method 5-hour measurement (JIS L-1074
Anti-snagging property) Evaluation was performed using a commercially available snagging tester manufactured by Daiei Kagakuki Seisakusho, and the results were judged according to the following grading classification. In the case of a regular double jersey, a score of 21 (upper) or higher is considered acceptable.

Class 6: Class 2 (G) where no snacks are observed.
Class 2 (G) where the occurrence of snacking is slightly observed Class 1 where the occurrence of slight snacking is observed Class 1 (class 1) where the occurrence of snacking is slight Therefore, water permeability, anti-snagging properties, and anti-pilling properties were each favorable.

On the other hand, in Experiment No. 6, the front and back surfaces were formed only with false twisted yarn as shown in Figure 6, so it was water permeable.

Anti-snagging properties and anti-pilling properties were both unfavorable.

Example 2 Polyester filament yarn 75D-72F was temporarily twisted using a constant elongation type two-stage heater temporary twisting machine under normal processing conditions to obtain a crimped yarn.

The obtained crimped yarn and non-crimped polyester multifilament yarn 50D-24F were fed into an air injection device similar to that in Example 1, and the group of combed filaments was injected from a direction approximately perpendicular to the crimped yarn. An interlaced composite yarn was obtained by injecting a high-speed air flow of 2.5 kmcm 2 (gauge pressure). The number of interlaced bundled parts of the interlaced composite yarn was 88 per 1 m.

Next, in a double-sided circular knitting machine 24G, in an 80 rib-7 pull knitting structure, the interlaced composite yarn obtained above was applied to the front side of the knitted fabric, and the ordinary commercially available polyester crimped yarn 1001)-2 was applied to the back side of the knitted fabric.
Place 4F and crimp the bracket] -: Yarn 100D-24F
The silk fabrics were knitted together. The knitted fabric structure is as shown in Figures 6 and 7. This was dyed and finished by relaxing scouring at 98°C for 10 minutes and dyeing at 160°C for 60 minutes to give it a light color.

Thermal contraction of the knitted fabric was induced by the application of heat during the dyeing and finishing process, and the surface of the knitted fabric in particular had a tight stitch structure. A water permeability/diffusion test was conducted on the obtained blue-green sample using an ink liquid as shown in Example 1, and as a result, it exhibited extremely good water permeation and diffusion performance/ζ.

The Zunawaji ink marks were as shown in Figures 4 and 5, with the ink marks being a circle with a diameter of 11 mm on the side that came into contact with water and a circle with a diameter of 44 mm on the side that diffused into the atmosphere.

Example 6 In 8-day reversible knitting on a double-sided circular knitting machine 22G, polyester multifilament raw silk 150D-48F was placed on the front side of the knitted fabric and polyester raw cotton 2 was placed on the back side of the knitted fabric.
A knitted fabric was prepared by arranging the spun yarn No. 32 (line number) used in [0D×51 mI] and connecting the front and back portions with the spun yarn No. 62, and finishing it in the same manner as in Example 1. Note that the obtained knitted fabric was subjected to the same ink liquid test as in Example 1.

As in Example 2, it showed extremely good water permeability and surface diffusion ability.

Example 4 The 1st. Polyester non-crimp multifilament yarn 150D at the second yarn feeder
-48F as the second. A knitted fabric was created using polyester temporary twisted crimped yarn 150D to 48F'' at the second yarn feeder, 9 non-crimped multifilament yarns on the surface of 1 knitted fabric, and crimped yarns arranged on the back side of the knitted fabric, It was finished in the same manner as in Example 1.

The obtained knitted fabric was subjected to the same ink liquid test as in Example 1, and as in Example 2, it showed extremely good effects of the present invention.

Example 5 Non-crimped multifilament 12I0 with nylon surface
1) -34F, back side is nylon temporary twisted crimped thread 140D-
34F, the binding thread is the nylon temporary twisted crimped thread 140D-6
A double woven fabric of 4F was prepared and finished according to the usual finishing conditions. The obtained fabric was subjected to the same ink liquid test as in Example 1, and the results are as follows.

As in Example 2, extremely good effects of the present invention were obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a model diagram showing the principle of the present invention, Figure 2 is a model diagram of a high-gathering yarn used on the back side of the present invention, and Figure 6 is a model diagram of a low-gathering yarn used on the front side of the present invention. Figures 4 and 5 are model diagrams showing the water permeability of the present invention, and Figure 6 is a model diagram showing the water permeability of the present invention.
7 and 7 respectively show views of one embodiment of the preferred knitted fabric of the present invention. M, L, S Capillary model E: Liquid (A): Yarn forming the stitches on the back side (B)
Yarn that connects the stitches with the constituent threads of the stitches on the secondary surface (c) Thread that composes the stitches on the surface Patent Applicant
Higashi Co., Ltd. Company Business 10 2nd Field 3rd = Betsu Mi G; ≧5≧≦; Me 4 Go 2) - “°” in Figure 6, 7m.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A knitted fabric composed of synthetic fiber yarns, in which the degree of convergence of the yarn constituting the front side and the yarn constituting the back side of the nine-knit fabric is different, and the degree of convergence of the yarn constituting the front side is different. Synthetic fiber multilayer knitted fabric characterized by higher cohesiveness. (2) The synthetic fiber multilayer knitted fabric according to claim (1), characterized in that at least the surface portion is an intermittently interlaced yarn having interlaced eastern portions intermittently in the longitudinal direction of the yarn. (3) The synthetic fiber multilayer knitted fabric according to claim (1), wherein the intermittent entangled yarn is a composite interlaced yarn consisting of a crimped yarn and a non-crimped multifilament yarn. (4) The synthetic fiber multilayer knitted fabric according to claim (1), wherein the yarn constituting the back side of the knitted fabric is a false twisted crimped yarn. (5) The yarn forming the front surface of the knitted fabric is a non-crimped multifilament yarn, and the yarn forming the back surface is a temporary crimped yarn. f
The synthetic fiber multilayer knitted fabric described in item l). (The synthetic fiber multilayer knitted fabric according to claim (1), wherein the 61-knit fabric has a bonded structure and is bonded by threads similar to the back side constituent yarns of the 9-knit fabric. .