JPS59195616A - Optical branching filter - Google Patents
Optical branching filterInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59195616A JPS59195616A JP6996083A JP6996083A JPS59195616A JP S59195616 A JPS59195616 A JP S59195616A JP 6996083 A JP6996083 A JP 6996083A JP 6996083 A JP6996083 A JP 6996083A JP S59195616 A JPS59195616 A JP S59195616A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- wavelength
- glass
- interference film
- film filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
- G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
- G02B6/29362—Serial cascade of filters or filtering operations, e.g. for a large number of channels
- G02B6/29365—Serial cascade of filters or filtering operations, e.g. for a large number of channels in a multireflection configuration, i.e. beam following a zigzag path between filters or filtering operations
- G02B6/29367—Zigzag path within a transparent optical block, e.g. filter deposited on an etalon, glass plate, wedge acting as a stable spacer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は、光波長分割多重伝送システムにおいて、異な
る複数の波長からなる光ビームを波長ごとに分けて取シ
出す光分波器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an optical demultiplexer that separates and extracts light beams consisting of a plurality of different wavelengths for each wavelength in an optical wavelength division multiplexing transmission system.
光フアイバ伝送方式の適用領域拡大の一環として光波長
多重伝送方式の研究が盛んに行われている。上記光波長
多重伝送方式を実現するには、波長の異なる光を合波し
、また分波する光合波器や光分波器が不可欠なデバイス
である。As part of efforts to expand the application range of optical fiber transmission systems, research on optical wavelength multiplexing transmission systems is being actively conducted. In order to realize the optical wavelength division multiplexing transmission system described above, optical multiplexers and optical demultiplexers that combine and demultiplex lights of different wavelengths are essential devices.
従来、光分波器として第１図に示すようなものが検討さ
れている。これは所望の分波特性を有する干渉膜フィル
タ１ａから１ｆをそれぞれガラス２ａから２ｆに形成し
てガラス基板３上に配設し、またスペーサガラス４を介
して入力ポートロを設けると共に、上記各干渉膜フィル
タ上にスペーサガラス５ａから５ｆを介して出カポ−）
７ａから７ｆが設けられている。各ポート６．７ａ〜７
ｆは、光ファイバをロッドレンズを介して接合され、上
記光分波器をコリーメート系に構成されている。Conventionally, an optical demultiplexer as shown in FIG. 1 has been studied. In this structure, interference film filters 1a to 1f having desired demultiplexing characteristics are formed on glasses 2a to 2f, respectively, and disposed on a glass substrate 3, and an input port is provided via a spacer glass 4. output capo onto the interference film filter via spacer glasses 5a to 5f)
7a to 7f are provided. Each port 6.7a~7
In f, optical fibers are joined through a rod lens, and the optical demultiplexer is configured as a collimating system.
この光分波器は非常に低損失な特性が得られている。し
かし部品点数が多く、かつ微小形状の高精度加工を必要
とするため製造が非常にむずかしく、高価である。また
構造が複雑であるため、組立加工、光軸調整がむずかし
く、量産化が困難である。This optical demultiplexer has extremely low loss characteristics. However, it is extremely difficult and expensive to manufacture because it has a large number of parts and requires high-precision machining of minute shapes. Furthermore, since the structure is complex, assembly and processing and optical axis adjustment are difficult, making mass production difficult.
本発明の目的は、前記問題点を解決させるべき光分波器
を提供することにある。すなわち、光軸調里、組立て、
製作が容易で、量産性に冨んだ簡易構造の光分波器を提
供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an optical demultiplexer which should solve the above problems. In other words, optical axis adjustment, assembly,
An object of the present invention is to provide an optical demultiplexer with a simple structure that is easy to manufacture and suitable for mass production.
゛ 本発明は、ガラス平板の表面に所望の光学特性を
有する干渉膜フィルタを所望の幅をもたせて分波数ｎだ
け順次帯状に形成し、その裏面には前記帯状の幅の最初
の帯状の幅以外のすべての幅に対応する部分に全反射膜
を形成した上記ガラス平板を、頂角が干渉膜フィルタへ
の入射角θと等しい角度を有するほぼ直角な三角形のガ
ラススペ〜す２枚の斜面間にはさみ、両側にほぼ直角な
三角形の縦の辺が配設されるようにしたガラスブロック
の上記一方の縦の辺に平行に入射用ファイバ付きロッド
レンズを、反対側の上記縦の辺に平行に分波用７アイバ
付きロッドレンズを設けた構成の光分波器である。また
上記ガラス平板、あるいは上記ガラスブロックをロッド
レンズの直径とほぼ等しい幅で前記帯状のフィルタと直
角の方向に切断して、上記光分波器用ガラス平板、ある
いはガラスブロックを複数個製造する方法。゛ In the present invention, interference film filters having desired optical characteristics are sequentially formed into strips having a desired width on the surface of a glass flat plate by a number of demultiplexing waves n, and on the back side, a strip having the width of the first strip of the width of the strip is formed. The above-mentioned flat glass plate, on which a total reflection film is formed on the portion corresponding to the width of all the widths other than Insert a rod lens with an input fiber parallel to one vertical side of the glass block so that the vertical sides of a triangle with almost right angles are arranged on both sides, and parallel to the vertical side on the opposite side. This optical demultiplexer has a rod lens with seven eyelets for demultiplexing. Further, a method of manufacturing a plurality of the glass flat plates or glass blocks for the optical demultiplexer by cutting the glass flat plate or the glass block in a direction perpendicular to the band-shaped filter with a width approximately equal to the diameter of the rod lens.
第２図に本発明の光分波器の実施例を示す。これは波長
分波数が４の場合である。干渉膜フィルター２，１３，
１４．１５と全反射膜１１の形成されたガラス平板１６
、頂角が干渉膜フィルタへの入射角θと等しい角度を有
するほぼ直角な三角形のガラススペーサ１０ ａ、 １
０ ｂｓ長さが−ピッチ（ｍ：正の奇数）のロッドレン
ズ８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃ、８ｄ。FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the optical demultiplexer of the present invention. This is the case where the wavelength division number is 4. Interference membrane filter 2, 13,
14.15 and a glass flat plate 16 on which a total reflection film 11 is formed.
, a substantially right triangular glass spacer 10a, 1 whose apex angle is equal to the angle of incidence θ on the interference film filter.
Rod lenses 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d with a length of 0 bs and a -pitch (m: positive odd number).
８ｅ、７アイバ９ａ、９ｂ、９ｃ、９ｄ、９ｅからなる
。入射用ファイバ９ａから入射した波長（λ１＋λ２＋
λ３＋λ４）の光はロッドレンズ８ａで平行光に変換さ
れ第１の干渉膜フィルター２に入射し、波長λｌの光は
そのまま透過し、ロッドレンズ８ｂを通過して分波用フ
ァイバ９ｂ内を矢印のとと〈伝搬していく。一方、波長
（λ２＋λ３＋λ４）の光は干渉膜フィルター２で反射
され、さらに全反射膜で反射されて第２の干渉膜フィル
ター３に入射する。そして波長λ２の光はそのまま透過
してロッドレンズ８Ｃを経てファイバ９Ｃ内を伝搬して
いく。波長（λ３＋λ４ ）の光は干渉膜フィルタ１３
で反射され、さらに全反射膜１１で反射されて第３の干
渉膜フィルタ１４へ入射する。同様な動作を繰シ返すこ
とによシ、波長λ３の光はファイバ９ｄ内に、波長λ４
の光はファイバ９ｅ内にそれぞれ分波されて伝搬する。It consists of 8e, 7 eyes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, and 9e. The wavelength incident from the input fiber 9a (λ1+λ2+
The light of wavelength λ3+λ4) is converted into parallel light by the rod lens 8a and enters the first interference film filter 2, and the light of wavelength λl is transmitted as is, passes through the rod lens 8b, and travels inside the demultiplexing fiber 9b as indicated by the arrow. Toto〈Propagates. On the other hand, the light having the wavelength (λ2+λ3+λ4) is reflected by the interference film filter 2, further reflected by the total reflection film, and enters the second interference film filter 3. Then, the light having the wavelength λ2 passes through the rod lens 8C and propagates inside the fiber 9C. The light of wavelength (λ3+λ4) is passed through the interference film filter 13.
It is further reflected by the total reflection film 11 and enters the third interference film filter 14 . By repeating the same operation, the light with wavelength λ3 enters the fiber 9d with wavelength λ4.
The lights are separated and propagated into the fiber 9e.
同図かられかるように、ガラス平板１６を同一寸法構造
のガラススペーサ１０ａ、１０ｂではさんで四角形のガ
ラスブロックとし、このガラスブロックにロッドレンズ
を平行に配設する簡易構造であるので、組立て、光軸調
整、製作が極めて容易である。また部品点数も従来法に
比し少ないため、小型で低コストになる。さらに入射光
に対し、分波した光を平行にとりだすことができ、かつ
入力端子と出力端子が分離された構造であるため、光通
信装置全体をコンパクトに構成することができるという
特徨′がある。なお、この構成で、各波長間のアイソレ
ーションをさらに大きくとシたいときは、分波用ロンド
レンズ、あるいはファイバの端面にさらに干渉膜フィル
タを設ければよい。次にガラス平板１６、ガラススペー
サ１０ａ、１０ｂの実施例について説明する。As can be seen from the figure, the glass flat plate 16 is sandwiched between glass spacers 10a and 10b of the same size structure to form a rectangular glass block, and the rod lens is arranged parallel to this glass block, making it a simple structure. Optical axis adjustment and manufacturing are extremely easy. Also, since the number of parts is smaller than in the conventional method, it is smaller and lower cost. Furthermore, it is possible to take out the demultiplexed light parallel to the incident light, and because the input terminal and output terminal are separated, the optical communication device as a whole can be constructed compactly. be. Note that in this configuration, if it is desired to further increase the isolation between each wavelength, it is sufficient to further provide a demultiplexing Rondo lens or an interference film filter on the end face of the fiber. Next, examples of the glass flat plate 16 and the glass spacers 10a and 10b will be described.
第３図にガラス平板１６の構造の実施例を示す。FIG. 3 shows an example of the structure of the glass flat plate 16.
（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は左側面図、（Ｃ）は右側面図
を示したものである。干渉膜フィルタ１２，１３．１４
１５は所望の幅Ｗで形成されている。この幅Ｗはロッド
レンズの直径とほぼ同じ程度の値である。(a) is a front view, (b) is a left side view, and (C) is a right side view. Interference film filter 12, 13.14
15 is formed with a desired width W. This width W is approximately the same value as the diameter of the rod lens.
全反射膜１１は最初の干渉膜フィルタ１２が形成されて
いる反対側の面１７（幅Ｓは幅Ｗとほぼ等しい値。）以
外のすべてに形成されている。The total reflection film 11 is formed on all surfaces except the surface 17 on the opposite side where the first interference film filter 12 is formed (the width S is approximately equal to the width W).
第４図は第３図のガラス平板を一度に複数枚作る場合の
ガラス平板の構造例を示したものである。FIG. 4 shows an example of the structure of a glass flat plate when a plurality of glass flat plates shown in FIG. 3 are manufactured at one time.
（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は左側面図、（Ｃ）は右側面図
であ、シ、点線ａ−ａ’ 、 ｂ−ｂ’ 、−・・・−
、ｅ−ｅ’ （ｙ）ように切断すれば一度に６枚のガラ
ス平板を作れる。(a) is a front view, (b) is a left side view, and (C) is a right side view.
, ee' (y), you can make 6 flat glass plates at once.
第５図にガラススペーサ１０ａ、１０ｂの構造例を示す
。（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は左側面図、（Ｃ）は右側面
図である。このスペーサは頂角θが干渉膜フィルタへの
光の入射角と同じ角度であシ、通常、１５〜４５°、好
ましくは２２．５°〜４５°に選ばれる。ψは直角、あ
るいは直角から数度大きいか、逆に小さい角度であれば
よい。直角から数度大きいか小さくするのは、干渉膜フ
ィルタからの反射波が入力側に影響をおよぼすのを低減
するためである。このスペーサも第４図のように一度に
多く作るようにしてもよい。FIG. 5 shows an example of the structure of the glass spacers 10a and 10b. (a) is a front view, (b) is a left side view, and (C) is a right side view. The apex angle θ of this spacer must be the same as the incident angle of light to the interference film filter, and is usually selected to be 15 to 45 degrees, preferably 22.5 degrees to 45 degrees. ψ may be a right angle, or several degrees larger than the right angle, or conversely a smaller angle. The reason why the angle is set several degrees larger or smaller than the right angle is to reduce the influence of reflected waves from the interference film filter on the input side. These spacers may also be made in large numbers at one time as shown in FIG.
本発明の光分波器は入射側と出射側を逆にすれば光合波
器としても使えることは言うまでもないことである。分
波数は２波以上のものが実現できる。ガラス平板１６は
長方形の板でもよい。ガラス平板１６とガラススペーサ
１０ａ、１０ｂとは接着剤などで接着する。またロッド
レンズとガラススペーサとの間も接着剤で接着してもよ
い。また、ガラスブロックは温度、湿度などに影響され
ないように樹脂などでモールドしてもよい。さらに干渉
膜フィルタ１２，１３，１４．１５をハーフミラ−１あ
るいは所望の透過率の誘電体膜におきかえれば透過率に
応じた分岐比の光分岐回路を得ることができる。It goes without saying that the optical demultiplexer of the present invention can also be used as an optical multiplexer by reversing the input and output sides. A division number of two waves or more can be achieved. The glass flat plate 16 may be a rectangular plate. The glass flat plate 16 and the glass spacers 10a, 10b are bonded together with an adhesive or the like. Further, the rod lens and the glass spacer may also be bonded with adhesive. Further, the glass block may be molded with resin or the like so that it is not affected by temperature, humidity, etc. Furthermore, by replacing the interference film filters 12, 13, 14, and 15 with half mirrors 1 or dielectric films with a desired transmittance, it is possible to obtain an optical branching circuit with a branching ratio corresponding to the transmittance.
本発明によれば、
（１）部品点数が従来法の約１／２になり、小型で低低
コストになる。According to the present invention, (1) The number of parts is reduced to about half of the conventional method, resulting in a small size and low cost.
（２）入射光に対して分波した光を平行にとシだすこと
ができるので、光軸調整が容易でちる。また非常に簡易
な構造であるため組立て、製作が極めて容易である。(2) Optical axis adjustment is easy because light separated from the incident light can be emitted in parallel. Furthermore, since it has a very simple structure, it is extremely easy to assemble and manufacture.
（３）入力端子と出力端子が分離され、左から右へとい
うように光が分波されるのでその他の光部品との接続、
装置全体の構成が容易となる。(3) Since the input terminal and output terminal are separated and the light is split from left to right, it is easy to connect to other optical components.
The configuration of the entire device becomes easy.
（４）ガラススペーサ、ガラス平板などがほぼ対称構造
であるので、量産し易い。(4) Since the glass spacer, glass flat plate, etc. have a nearly symmetrical structure, mass production is easy.
といった効果がある。There is an effect like this.
第１図は従来の光分波器の概略図、第２図は本発明の光
分波器の実施例、第３図および第４図は本発明のガラス
平板の実施例、第５図は本発明のガラススペーサの実施
例である。
１ａ〜１ｆ、１２〜１５・・・干渉膜フィルタ、２ａ〜
２ｆ・・・ガラス、３・・・ガラス基板、４．５ａ〜５
ｆ・・・スペーサガラス、６．７ａ〜７ｆ・・・ファイ
バ付キロツドレンズ、８ａ〜８ｅ・・・ロッドレンズ、
９ａ〜９ｅ・・・ファイバ、１０ａ、１０ｂ・・・ガラ
ススペーサ、１１・・・全反射膜、１６・・・ガラス平
板、′！５ ３ 図
（’ｔｔ） （ｂ）
６
Ｙ４図
ｆＪ ５ 図
（幻 （ｂｌ
くＣ）
（Ｃ）FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional optical demultiplexer, FIG. 2 is an embodiment of the optical demultiplexer of the present invention, FIGS. 3 and 4 are examples of the glass flat plate of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conventional optical demultiplexer. It is an Example of the glass spacer of this invention. 1a-1f, 12-15... interference film filter, 2a-
2f...Glass, 3...Glass substrate, 4.5a-5
f... Spacer glass, 6.7a to 7f... Kilo rod lens with fiber, 8a to 8e... Rod lens,
9a to 9e...Fiber, 10a, 10b...Glass spacer, 11...Total reflection film, 16...Glass flat plate,'! 5 3 Diagram ('tt) (b) 6 Y4 diagram fJ 5 Diagram (phantom (bl kuC) (C)
Claims (1)
フィルタを所望の幅をもたせて順次帯状に形成し、該フ
ィルタの裏面には前記フィルタの最初に光が入射する位
置のものに対応する位置以外の場所に全反射膜を形成し
た上記ガラス平板を、ガラススペーサ２枚の斜面間には
さみ、一方のガラススペーサの一方に入射用ファイバ付
きロッドレンズを、他方のガラススペーサに分波用ファ
イバ付きロッドレンズを複数本設けた光分波器。1. On the surface of a glass flat plate, interference film filters having desired optical characteristics are sequentially formed in a band shape with a desired width, and the back surface of the filter corresponds to the position where light first enters the filter. The above-mentioned flat glass plate with a total reflection film formed on the other side is sandwiched between the slopes of two glass spacers, and a rod lens with an input fiber is attached to one of the glass spacers, and a demultiplexing fiber is attached to the other glass spacer. An optical demultiplexer equipped with multiple rod lenses.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6996083A JPS59195616A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Optical branching filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6996083A JPS59195616A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Optical branching filter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59195616A true JPS59195616A (en) | 1984-11-06 |
Family
ID=13417723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6996083A Pending JPS59195616A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Optical branching filter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59195616A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61149906A (en) * | 1984-12-25 | 1986-07-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Optical wavelength demultiplexing device |
| JPS61182005A (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1986-08-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Demultiplexer of optical wavelength |
| WO1997000458A1 (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1997-01-03 | Optical Corporation Of America | Optical multiplexing device and method |
-
1983
- 1983-04-22 JP JP6996083A patent/JPS59195616A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61149906A (en) * | 1984-12-25 | 1986-07-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Optical wavelength demultiplexing device |
| JPS61182005A (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1986-08-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Demultiplexer of optical wavelength |
| WO1997000458A1 (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1997-01-03 | Optical Corporation Of America | Optical multiplexing device and method |
| WO1997000459A3 (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1997-01-23 | Optical Corp Of America | Optical multiplexing device |
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