JPS59194029A - Precombustion chamber for diesel engine - Google Patents
Precombustion chamber for diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59194029A JPS59194029A JP58069792A JP6979283A JPS59194029A JP S59194029 A JPS59194029 A JP S59194029A JP 58069792 A JP58069792 A JP 58069792A JP 6979283 A JP6979283 A JP 6979283A JP S59194029 A JPS59194029 A JP S59194029A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- combustion chamber
- injection valve
- mouthpiece
- center line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は主として、燃料噴射弁を、その中心線がシリン
ダ中心線に対し一定角度傾斜するように、シリンダヘッ
ドに装着するディーゼル機関の予燃焼室に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention primarily relates to a pre-combustion chamber for a diesel engine in which a fuel injection valve is mounted on a cylinder head so that its center line is inclined at a constant angle with respect to the cylinder center line.
この種の予燃焼室に関して本願出願人は、燃焼効率の向
上を図った発明を既に特願昭５７−１１８０９５におい
て出願している。即ち第１図に示すように、燃焼室口金
１を主燃焼室２側からシリンダヘッド３の口金嵌着用孔
４に挿入嵌着することにより、主噴口６に連通ずる切落
部分りを小さくできるようにし、それによシ容積比（総
燃焼室容積に対する予燃焼室８の容積の比）を大きくし
、燃焼効率を向上させるようにしたものである。７は燃
料噴射弁、９，１０は予燃焼室８を構成する前、後室で
あって、後室１０はその略全面が部分球面状に形成され
ている。また口金１とシリンダ ′ヘッド３との合せ面
Ｘ１は上記後室１０の球心上にきている。Regarding this type of pre-combustion chamber, the applicant of the present application has already filed an invention in Japanese Patent Application No. 57-118095 which aims to improve the combustion efficiency. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, by inserting and fitting the combustion chamber mouthpiece 1 into the mouthpiece fitting hole 4 of the cylinder head 3 from the main combustion chamber 2 side, the cutout portion communicating with the main nozzle port 6 can be reduced. Accordingly, the volume ratio (ratio of the volume of the pre-combustion chamber 8 to the total combustion chamber volume) is increased to improve combustion efficiency. 7 is a fuel injection valve, 9 and 10 are front and rear chambers forming a pre-combustion chamber 8, and the rear chamber 10 has substantially the entire surface formed in a partially spherical shape. Further, the mating surface X1 between the mouthpiece 1 and the cylinder head 3 is located on the spherical center of the rear chamber 10.
本発明は第１図のような予燃焼室の構造をさらに改良し
て、予燃焼室の渦流を強化し、燃焼性能を向上させよう
とするものであり、その要旨は、後室の噴射弁側の部分
を半球面状に形成し、後室の前室側の部分を円筒状に形
成し、円筒状部分の直径に対する予燃焼室の噴射弁中心
線方向の長さの比が大きくなるようにしたととである。The present invention aims to further improve the structure of the pre-combustion chamber as shown in Fig. 1, strengthen the vortex flow in the pre-combustion chamber, and improve combustion performance. The side part is formed into a hemispherical shape, and the front chamber side part of the rear chamber is formed into a cylindrical shape, so that the ratio of the length of the pre-combustion chamber in the direction of the center line of the injection valve to the diameter of the cylindrical part is large. It is Nishitoto.
以下図面により本発明を説明する。The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
第２図において、シリンダヘッド１１には燃料噴射弁装
着用めねじ孔１２と、後室形成用の部分球面状四部１３
と、口金嵌着用孔１４が形成されている。上記めねじ孔
１２に燃料噴射弁１５が挿入螺着され、燃料噴射弁１５
は、その中心線Ｏ】がシリンダ中心線０２に対し一定角
度α（例えば３０°）傾斜している。燃焼室口金１６は
上下２つの部材１６ａ、 １６ｂを接合面Ａにおいて
溶着してなっている。（接合面Ａは噴射弁中心線０１に
対して直角である。口金１６は主燃焼室１９側から上記
嵌着用孔１４に嵌着され、ガヌケット２０を介してシリ
ンダブロック２１の端面により脱落不能に係止されてい
る。口金１６の下端面はシリンダヘッド１１の下端面と
同一平面状に揃っている。口金１６の内部と上記シリン
ダへラド１１の凹部１３により予燃焼室１８が形成され
ている。In FIG. 2, the cylinder head 11 has a female threaded hole 12 for mounting a fuel injection valve, and four partially spherical parts 13 for forming a rear chamber.
A cap fitting hole 14 is formed. A fuel injection valve 15 is inserted and screwed into the female threaded hole 12.
The center line O] is inclined at a certain angle α (for example, 30°) with respect to the cylinder center line 02. The combustion chamber mouthpiece 16 is made up of two upper and lower members 16a and 16b welded together at the joint surface A. (The joint surface A is perpendicular to the center line 01 of the injection valve. The mouthpiece 16 is fitted into the fitting hole 14 from the main combustion chamber 19 side, and is prevented from falling off by the end face of the cylinder block 21 via the ganuket 20. The lower end surface of the mouthpiece 16 is flush with the lower end surface of the cylinder head 11. A pre-combustion chamber 18 is formed by the inside of the mouthpiece 16 and the recess 13 of the cylinder head 11. .
予燃焼室１８は前記接合面Ａより主燃焼室１９側の前室
１７と、接合面Ａより噴射弁１５側の後室２２とを備え
ている。後室２２の噴射弁１５側の部分２２ａは半球面
状に形成されて゛おり、後室２２の前室１７側の部分２
２１）は円筒状に形成されている。円筒状部分２２ｂの
直径と半球面状部分２２ａの直径は共にＤ２であシ、画
部分２２ａ、２２１）の局面は互いに滑らかにつながっ
ている。後室２２の中心線は噴射弁中心線０１と一致し
ている。また後室２２の渦流衝突面２３は噴射弁中心線
０１ に対し直角に形成されている。一方前室１７の
中心線０４は噴射弁中心線０＋と平行で、かつシリンダ
中心線０２とは反対側（第２図の右下側）へ偏心してい
る。即ち前室中心線０４を噴射弁中心線Ｏ１に対して偏
心させることにより、渦流衝突面２３を広くし、燃料と
空気がよく混り合うようにしている。The pre-combustion chamber 18 includes a front chamber 17 on the main combustion chamber 19 side from the joint surface A, and a rear chamber 22 on the injection valve 15 side from the joint surface A. A portion 22a of the rear chamber 22 on the injection valve 15 side is formed in a hemispherical shape, and a portion 22a of the rear chamber 22 on the front chamber 17 side is formed in a hemispherical shape.
21) is formed into a cylindrical shape. The diameter of the cylindrical portion 22b and the diameter of the hemispherical portion 22a are both D2, and the curved surfaces of the image portions 22a and 221) are smoothly connected to each other. The center line of the rear chamber 22 coincides with the center line 01 of the injection valve. Further, the vortex collision surface 23 of the rear chamber 22 is formed perpendicular to the center line 01 of the injection valve. On the other hand, the center line 04 of the front chamber 17 is parallel to the injection valve center line 0+, and is eccentric to the opposite side (lower right side in FIG. 2) from the cylinder center line 02. That is, by making the front chamber center line 04 eccentric with respect to the injection valve center line O1, the vortex collision surface 23 is widened, and the fuel and air are mixed well.
ここで第２図に示す予燃焼室１８及び口金１６と、第１
図に示す予燃焼室８及び口金１とを比較して説明すると
、第２図の口金１６の高さＨ２は第１図の口金高さＨｌ
より大幅に高くなっており、第１図ではシリンダヘッド
３の凹部３ａにより後室１０の大半部分を形成している
が、第２図では口金１６により後室２２０大半部分を形
成している。第２図の後室２２の直径Ｄ２は第１図の後
室１０の直径Ｄ１よりも小さく、まだ第２図の予燃焼室
１８の噴射弁中心線方向の長さＬ２は、前述のように後
室２２に円筒状部分２２ｂを設けることと口金１６を高
くすることにょシ、第１図における予燃焼室長さＬ】よ
りも長くなっている。つまり第２図における予燃焼室１
８の直径Ｄ２に対する長さ丁・２の比（Ｌ２４２）は、
第１図における予燃焼室８の直径Ｄ１に対する長さＬ＋
の比（Ｌ１４１）よりも大きくなっている。いい換えれ
ば第２図の予燃焼室１８は第１図の予燃焼室８よシも、
噴射弁中心線方向に細長く形成されている。Here, the pre-combustion chamber 18 and the mouthpiece 16 shown in FIG.
Comparing and explaining the pre-combustion chamber 8 and the mouthpiece 1 shown in the figure, the height H2 of the mouthpiece 16 in FIG. 2 is the height Hl of the mouthpiece in FIG.
In FIG. 1, the recess 3a of the cylinder head 3 forms most of the rear chamber 10, whereas in FIG. 2, the mouthpiece 16 forms the majority of the rear chamber 220. The diameter D2 of the rear chamber 22 in FIG. 2 is smaller than the diameter D1 of the rear chamber 10 in FIG. 1, and the length L2 of the pre-combustion chamber 18 in FIG. Due to the provision of the cylindrical portion 22b in the rear chamber 22 and the height of the base 16, the length of the pre-combustion chamber is longer than the pre-combustion chamber length L shown in FIG. In other words, the pre-combustion chamber 1 in Fig. 2
The ratio of the length D2 to the diameter D2 of 8 (L242) is
Length L+ with respect to diameter D1 of pre-combustion chamber 8 in FIG.
(L141). In other words, the pre-combustion chamber 18 in FIG. 2 is similar to the pre-combustion chamber 8 in FIG.
It is elongated in the direction of the center line of the injection valve.
次に第２図のｍ−Ｎ断面を示す第３図において、口金１
６の主燃焼室側（第３図の紙面の表側）には３つの主噴
口２５が形成されており、そのうち１つけ略シリンダ中
心線０２に向き、残りの２つはシリンダ円周方向に向い
ている。シリンダへラド１１の端面には、各主噴口２５
の中心線０５と同心の部分円筒形状案内溝２６が形成さ
れている。Next, in FIG. 3 showing the m-N cross section of FIG.
Three main nozzles 25 are formed on the main combustion chamber side of No. 6 (the front side of the paper in Fig. 3), one of which faces approximately toward the cylinder center line 02, and the remaining two face toward the cylinder circumferential direction. ing. Each main nozzle 25 is provided on the end face of the cylinder head 11.
A partially cylindrical guide groove 26 is formed which is concentric with the center line 05 of.
２８は吸気孔、２９は排気孔である。各主噴口２５の前
室側端部は、第２図に示すように噴射弁中心線０＋の延
長線上に臨んでおり、噴射燃料の一部が直接に主燃焼室
１９に入るようになっている。28 is an intake hole, and 29 is an exhaust hole. The front chamber side end of each main nozzle 25 faces an extension of the injector center line 0+, as shown in FIG. 2, so that a portion of the injected fuel directly enters the main combustion chamber 19. There is.
また各溝２６に対応する口金部分には、切欠２７が形成
されている。Furthermore, a notch 27 is formed in the base portion corresponding to each groove 26.
口金１６の材料としては、耐熱鋼を用いる。さらに断熱
効果を持たせるだめに、例えばセラミック（Ｓｉ、３Ｎ
＋ ）や、あるいは耐熱鋼にセラミックコーティングを
したものを利用する。As the material of the cap 16, heat-resistant steel is used. Furthermore, in order to have a heat insulating effect, for example, ceramic (Si, 3N
) or heat-resistant steel with ceramic coating.
第２図の３０はグロープラグである。このようなグロー
プラグ３０を用いると、極寒時（−２５８Ｃ以下）にお
いても始動できるようになる。30 in FIG. 2 is a glow plug. When such a glow plug 30 is used, it becomes possible to start the engine even in extremely cold weather (-258C or lower).
第２図の予燃焼室１８内の矢印は渦流を示しており、こ
の渦流は圧縮行程時において主噴口２５から流入する空
気によって形成されるが、予燃焼室１８の前記Ｌ２／Ｄ
２）が大きいことと、円筒状部分２２ｂを形成している
ことにより、主噴口２５から予燃焼室１８内に入る空気
の助走路が長くなることになり、それによりスワー／Ｉ
／（渦流）が強くなり、燃焼性能が向上する。The arrows in the pre-combustion chamber 18 in FIG.
2) is large and the cylindrical portion 22b is formed, the run-up path for air entering the pre-combustion chamber 18 from the main injection port 25 becomes longer, which causes the swirl/I
/ (vortex) becomes stronger and combustion performance improves.
以上説明したように本発明は、燃料噴射弁１５をその中
心線Ｏ１がシリンダ中心線０２に対し一定角度傾斜する
ようにシリンダヘッド１１に装着し、主燃焼室１９側の
前室１７及び噴射弁１５側の後室２２よりなる予燃焼室
１８を形成するだめの燃焼室口金１６を、シリンダへラ
ド１１の口金嵌着用孔１４に主燃焼室１９側から挿入嵌
着し、後室２２の噴射弁１５側の部分２２ａを半球面状
に形成し、後室２２の前室１７側の部分２２１）を円筒
状に形成し、さらに予燃焼室１８の最大直径である円筒
状部分直径Ｄ２に対する予燃焼室工８の噴射弁中心線０
１方向の長さＬ２の比（Ｌ２／Ｄ２）が大きくなるよう
に構成しているので、次のような利点がある。As explained above, in the present invention, the fuel injection valve 15 is mounted on the cylinder head 11 so that its center line O1 is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the cylinder center line 02, and the front chamber 17 on the main combustion chamber 19 side and the injection valve The combustion chamber mouthpiece 16 that forms the pre-combustion chamber 18 consisting of the rear chamber 22 on the 15 side is inserted into the mouthpiece fitting hole 14 of the cylinder Rad 11 from the main combustion chamber 19 side, and the injection of the rear chamber 22 is performed. The portion 22a on the side of the valve 15 is formed into a hemispherical shape, and the portion 221) on the side of the front chamber 17 of the rear chamber 22 is formed into a cylindrical shape. Combustion chamber work 8 injection valve center line 0
Since the structure is configured such that the ratio of the length L2 in one direction (L2/D2) is large, there are the following advantages.
（１）噴射弁１５を傾斜させているので、吸、排気弁等
の邪魔にならない位置に噴射弁１５を配置することがで
き、噴射弁１５の組込作業が容易になる。(1) Since the injection valve 15 is tilted, the injection valve 15 can be placed at a position where it does not interfere with intake and exhaust valves, etc., and the work of assembling the injection valve 15 is facilitated.
（２） 口金１６を主燃焼室１９側から孔１４に嵌着
するようにしているので、たとえ案内溝２６を形成した
としても、案内溝２６の容積を必要最小限度に小さくす
ることができる。従って容積比、即ち上死点状態におけ
る総燃焼室容積に対する予燃焼室容積の割合を大きく、
例えば５０％以上にすることができ、高速回転時の燃焼
効率が向上し、着火ミスもなくなる。(2) Since the cap 16 is fitted into the hole 14 from the main combustion chamber 19 side, even if the guide groove 26 is formed, the volume of the guide groove 26 can be reduced to the necessary minimum. Therefore, the volume ratio, that is, the ratio of the pre-combustion chamber volume to the total combustion chamber volume at top dead center, is increased.
For example, it can be increased to 50% or more, improving combustion efficiency during high speed rotation and eliminating ignition errors.
（３）後室２２に円筒状部分２２１）を設け、予燃焼室
１８の最大直径Ｄ２に対する長さＬ２の比が大きくなる
ようにしているので、主噴口２５から流入する空気の助
走区間が長くなる。従ってスワールが強くなり、燃焼性
能が向上する。(3) Since the rear chamber 22 is provided with a cylindrical portion 221), and the ratio of the length L2 to the maximum diameter D2 of the pre-combustion chamber 18 is large, the approach section of the air flowing in from the main injection port 25 is long. Become. Therefore, the swirl becomes stronger and the combustion performance improves.
なお本発明における口金１６は、必ずしも第２図に示す
ような２分割構造にする必要はなく、例えばロヌトワッ
クスを利用した中子を用い、一体鋳造することもできる
。Note that the base 16 in the present invention does not necessarily have to have a two-part structure as shown in FIG. 2, and may be integrally cast using a core made of ronut wax, for example.
Claims (1)
度傾斜するようにシリンダヘッドに装着し、主燃焼室側
の前室及び噴射弁側の後室よりなる予燃焼室を形成する
だめの燃焼室口金を、シリンダヘッドの口金嵌着用孔に
主燃焼室側から挿入嵌着し、上記後室の噴射弁側の部分
を半球面状に形成し、後室の前室側の部分を円筒状に形
成し、さらに予燃焼室の最大直径である上記円筒状部分
の直径に対する予燃焼室の噴射弁中心線方向の長さの比
が大きくなるように構成したことを特徴とスルティーゼ
ル機関の予燃焼室。A fuel injection valve is mounted on the cylinder head so that its center line is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the cylinder center line, and a pre-combustion chamber is formed by a front chamber on the main combustion chamber side and a rear chamber on the injection valve side. The chamber cap is inserted and fitted into the cap fitting hole of the cylinder head from the main combustion chamber side, and the portion of the rear chamber on the injection valve side is formed into a hemispherical shape, and the portion of the rear chamber on the front chamber side is formed into a cylindrical shape. The pre-combustion chamber is formed so that the ratio of the length of the pre-combustion chamber in the direction of the center line of the injector to the diameter of the cylindrical portion, which is the maximum diameter of the pre-combustion chamber, is large. combustion chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58069792A JPS59194029A (en) | 1983-04-19 | 1983-04-19 | Precombustion chamber for diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58069792A JPS59194029A (en) | 1983-04-19 | 1983-04-19 | Precombustion chamber for diesel engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59194029A true JPS59194029A (en) | 1984-11-02 |
| JPH0263086B2 JPH0263086B2 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
Family
ID=13412944
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58069792A Granted JPS59194029A (en) | 1983-04-19 | 1983-04-19 | Precombustion chamber for diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59194029A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5011847U (en) * | 1973-05-30 | 1975-02-06 | ||
| JPS5147921U (en) * | 1974-10-09 | 1976-04-09 |
-
1983
- 1983-04-19 JP JP58069792A patent/JPS59194029A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5011847U (en) * | 1973-05-30 | 1975-02-06 | ||
| JPS5147921U (en) * | 1974-10-09 | 1976-04-09 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0263086B2 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
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