JPS6237211B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6237211B2 JPS6237211B2 JP57118095A JP11809582A JPS6237211B2 JP S6237211 B2 JPS6237211 B2 JP S6237211B2 JP 57118095 A JP57118095 A JP 57118095A JP 11809582 A JP11809582 A JP 11809582A JP S6237211 B2 JPS6237211 B2 JP S6237211B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- main
- center line
- cylinder
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は主として、燃料噴射弁を、その中心線
がシリンダ中心線に対し一定角度傾斜するよう
に、シリンダヘツドに装着するデイーゼル機関の
予燃焼室に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention primarily relates to a pre-combustion chamber for a diesel engine in which a fuel injection valve is mounted on a cylinder head such that its center line is inclined at a constant angle with respect to the cylinder center line.
従来より機関の始動性能を向上させるために、
第１図に示すように燃料噴射弁１の中心線O1の
延長線上に主噴口２を臨ませ、噴射燃料の一部を
直接主燃焼室３に噴霧するようにしたものは開発
されている。ところが第１図の従来例では、燃焼
室口金５を主燃焼室３とは反対側（第１図の左
上）からシリンダヘツド６の挿入孔８に挿入し
て、予燃焼室の前室９及び後室１０を形成してい
る。しかしながら口金５を反主燃焼室側から挿入
しうる孔８を加工する場合には、口金先端円錐形
部分４ａの周囲に容積の大きなデツドスペース
（無駄空間）Ｄが残つてしまう。このような容積
の大きなデツドスペースＤが残存すると、上死点
状態における主燃焼室３の容積を小さくすること
が困難になり、そのために次のような不具合があ
つた。 In order to improve the starting performance of the engine,
As shown in Fig. 1, an injector has been developed in which the main nozzle 2 faces an extension of the center line O1 of the fuel injector 1, and a portion of the injected fuel is directly sprayed into the main combustion chamber 3. . However, in the conventional example shown in Fig. 1, the combustion chamber mouthpiece 5 is inserted into the insertion hole 8 of the cylinder head 6 from the side opposite to the main combustion chamber 3 (upper left in Fig. 1), and the front chamber 9 and A rear chamber 10 is formed. However, when forming the hole 8 into which the cap 5 can be inserted from the side opposite to the main combustion chamber, a large dead space D remains around the conical tip portion 4a of the cap. If such a large volume dead space D remains, it becomes difficult to reduce the volume of the main combustion chamber 3 in the top dead center state, which causes the following problems.
(1) 容積比、即ち上死点状態における総燃焼室容
積に対する予燃焼室容積の割合を大きくするこ
とが困難であり、そのために高速回転時に着火
ミスを起こし易い。即ち容積比が小さいと、高
速回転時には上死点状態における主燃焼室の燃
料を完全に燃焼させる前に、次の行程に移り、
着火ミスを起こす。(1) It is difficult to increase the volume ratio, that is, the ratio of the pre-combustion chamber volume to the total combustion chamber volume at top dead center, and as a result, ignition errors are likely to occur during high-speed rotation. In other words, if the volume ratio is small, during high-speed rotation, the engine moves to the next stroke before the fuel in the main combustion chamber at top dead center is completely combusted.
Causes ignition error.
(2) 小径のシリンダでは圧縮比を高くすることが
困難になり、低温時の始動性能にまだ問題が残
る。(2) It is difficult to increase the compression ratio with small diameter cylinders, and there are still problems with starting performance at low temperatures.
本発明は上記不具合を解消しようとするもので
あり、図面に基づいて説明すると次の通りであ
る。 The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, and will be explained as follows based on the drawings.
第２図は本発明を適用した横型デイーゼル機関
の縦断面部分図であり、この第２図において、シ
リンダヘツド１１には燃料噴射弁装着用めねじ孔
１２と、後室形成用の部分球面状凹部１３と、口
金嵌着用孔１４が形成されている。上記めねじ孔
１２に燃料噴射弁１５が挿入螺着され、燃料噴射
弁１５は、その中心線O1がシリンダ中心線O2に
対し一定角度α（例えば30゜）傾斜している。燃
焼室口金１６は前室１７と、この前室１７に連通
する後室形成用凹部１８とを有し、主燃焼室１９
側（第２図の右側）から上記嵌着用孔１４に嵌着
され、ガスケツト２０を介してシリンダブロツク
２１の端面により脱落不能に係止されている。口
金１６の主燃焼室側端面（第２図の右端面）はシ
リンダヘツド１１の主燃焼室側端面と同一平面上
に揃つている。シリンダヘツド１１の凹部１３と
口金１６の凹部１８により裁頭球面状の後室２２
が形成されており、この後室２２と前室１７によ
り予燃焼室が構成されている。 FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional partial view of a horizontal diesel engine to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. A recess 13 and a cap fitting hole 14 are formed. A fuel injection valve 15 is inserted and screwed into the female threaded hole 12, and the center line O1 of the fuel injection valve 15 is inclined at a certain angle α (for example, 30 degrees) with respect to the cylinder center line O2 . The combustion chamber cap 16 has a front chamber 17 and a rear chamber forming recess 18 communicating with the front chamber 17, and a main combustion chamber 19.
It is fitted into the fitting hole 14 from the side (right side in FIG. 2), and is secured to the end face of the cylinder block 21 via the gasket 20 so as not to fall off. The end surface of the mouthpiece 16 on the main combustion chamber side (the right end surface in FIG. 2) is flush with the end surface of the cylinder head 11 on the main combustion chamber side. A truncated spherical rear chamber 22 is formed by the recess 13 of the cylinder head 11 and the recess 18 of the mouthpiece 16.
The rear chamber 22 and the front chamber 17 constitute a pre-combustion chamber.
後室２２の球中心O3は噴射弁中心線O1の延長
線上に位置しており、また後室２２の渦流衝突面
２３は噴射弁中心線O1に対し直角に形成されて
いる。一方前室１７の中心線O4は噴射弁中心線
O1と平行で、かつシリンダ中心線O2とは反対側
（第２図の右上側）へ偏心している。即ち前室中
心線O4を噴射弁中心線O1に対して偏心させるこ
とにより、渦流衝突面２３を広くし、燃料と空気
がよく混り合うようにしている。 The spherical center O 3 of the rear chamber 22 is located on an extension of the injection valve center line O 1 , and the vortex collision surface 23 of the rear chamber 22 is formed perpendicular to the injection valve center line O 1 . On the other hand, the center line O 4 of the front chamber 17 is the center line of the injection valve.
It is parallel to O 1 and eccentric to the opposite side (upper right side in Fig. 2) from the cylinder center line O 2 . That is, by making the front chamber center line O 4 eccentric with respect to the injection valve center line O 1 , the vortex collision surface 23 is widened and fuel and air are mixed well.
口金１６の主燃焼室側部分には、第３図のよう
に３つの主噴口２５が形成されており、そのうち
１つはシリンダ中心線O2に向き、残りの２つは
シリンダ円周方向に向いている。シリンダヘツド
１１の端面には、各主噴口２５の中心線O5と同
心の部分円筒形状案内溝２６が形成されている。
２８は吸気孔、２９は排気孔である。各主噴口２
５の前室側端部は、第２図に示すように噴射弁中
心線O1の延長線上に臨んでおり、噴射燃料の一
部が直接に主燃焼室１９に入るようになつてい
る。また各溝２６に対応する口金部分には、主噴
口中心線O5と直角な切欠２７が形成されてい
る。 As shown in Fig. 3, three main injection ports 25 are formed in the main combustion chamber side portion of the mouthpiece 16, one of which faces the cylinder center line O2 , and the remaining two face the cylinder circumferential direction. It's suitable. A partially cylindrical guide groove 26 is formed in the end face of the cylinder head 11 and is concentric with the center line O 5 of each main nozzle 25 .
28 is an intake hole, and 29 is an exhaust hole. Each main spout 2
As shown in FIG. 2, the front chamber side end of the fuel injection valve 5 faces an extension of the injector center line O 1 so that a portion of the injected fuel directly enters the main combustion chamber 19 . Furthermore, a notch 27 perpendicular to the main nozzle center line O 5 is formed in the mouthpiece portion corresponding to each groove 26 .
口金１６の材料としては、例えばセラミツク
（Si3N4）や、あるいは耐熱鋼にセラミツクコーテ
イングをしたものを利用する。 The material of the cap 16 is, for example, ceramic (Si 3 N 4 ) or heat-resistant steel coated with ceramic.
また噴射弁１５としては、従来の噴射弁１（第
２図仮想線）より小さい型を使用している。 Further, as the injection valve 15, a smaller type than the conventional injection valve 1 (phantom line in FIG. 2) is used.
また第２図に示す装置には、仮想線で示すよう
に、グロープラグ３０を取り付けることができ、
グロープラグ３０を用いると、極寒冷時（−25℃
以下）においても始動できるようになる。 Furthermore, a glow plug 30 can be attached to the device shown in FIG. 2, as shown by phantom lines,
When using Glow Plug 30, it is possible to
(below) will also be able to start.
なお第２図の予燃焼室内の矢印は渦流を示す。 Note that the arrow inside the pre-combustion chamber in FIG. 2 indicates a vortex flow.
以上要するに本発明は、予燃焼室を形成するた
めの燃焼室口金１６を、口金１６の主燃焼室側端
面がシリンダヘツド１１の主燃焼室側端面に概ね
揃うように、口金嵌着用孔１４に主燃焼室側から
挿入嵌着し、そして各主噴口２５に対応してシリ
ンダヘツド１１の端面に部分円筒形状の案内溝２
６を形成しているので、第１図のデツドスペース
に比べると大幅に案内溝２６の容積は小さくて済
む。従つて容積比、即ち上死点状態における総燃
焼室容積に対する予燃焼室容積の割合を大きく、
例えば50％以上にすることができ、高速回転時の
燃焼効率が向上し、着火ミスもなくなる。 In summary, the present invention places the combustion chamber cap 16 for forming a pre-combustion chamber in the cap fitting hole 14 such that the end surface of the cap 16 on the main combustion chamber side is approximately aligned with the end surface of the cylinder head 11 on the main combustion chamber side. Partially cylindrical guide grooves 2 are inserted and fitted from the main combustion chamber side, and are formed in the end surface of the cylinder head 11 corresponding to each main nozzle port 25.
6, the volume of the guide groove 26 can be significantly smaller than the dead space shown in FIG. Therefore, by increasing the volume ratio, that is, the ratio of the pre-combustion chamber volume to the total combustion chamber volume at top dead center,
For example, it can be increased to 50% or more, improving combustion efficiency during high-speed rotation and eliminating ignition errors.
しかも主噴口２５を噴射弁中心線O1の延長線
上に臨ませ、主燃焼室１９に燃料の一部を直接噴
射できるようにしていることと、上記容積比の場
合の理由と同様な理由で圧縮比（特に小径シリン
ダの圧縮比）を高くできることから、低温時の始
動性能が大幅に向上する。 Moreover, the main injection port 25 is placed on an extension of the injector center line O 1 so that a part of the fuel can be directly injected into the main combustion chamber 19, and for the same reason as in the case of the above-mentioned volume ratio. Since the compression ratio (especially the compression ratio of small-diameter cylinders) can be increased, starting performance at low temperatures is significantly improved.
また前室１７の中心線O4を噴射弁中心線O1か
ら偏心させることにより、渦流衝突面２３を広く
することができ、空気と燃料が効果的に混り合
い、より一層燃焼効率が向上する。 In addition, by making the center line O 4 of the front chamber 17 eccentric from the center line O 1 of the injection valve, the vortex collision surface 23 can be made wider, allowing air and fuel to mix effectively, further improving combustion efficiency. do.
さらに噴射弁中心線O1の延長線上に臨む主噴
口２５を３個形成し、３個の主噴口２５のうち１
個をシリンダ中心線O2に向け、残りの２個の主
噴口２５を、シリンダ円周方向に向けているの
で、主燃焼室１９に燃料の一部が直接噴射される
際に、第３図のように燃料が主燃焼室内全体に行
きわたり、低温時の始動性能がより一層向上す
る。 Furthermore, three main nozzles 25 facing on the extension line of the injection valve center line O1 are formed, and one of the three main nozzles 25 is formed.
Since the main nozzle 25 is oriented toward the cylinder center line O 2 and the remaining two main nozzles 25 are oriented toward the cylinder circumferential direction, when a portion of the fuel is directly injected into the main combustion chamber 19, as shown in FIG. This allows fuel to spread throughout the main combustion chamber, further improving starting performance at low temperatures.
なお本発明は縦型のデイーゼル機関にも適用で
きる。 Note that the present invention can also be applied to a vertical diesel engine.
第１図は従来例を示すデイーゼル機関の縦断面
部分図、第２図は本発明を適用したデイーゼル機
関の縦断面部分図、第３図は第２図の―断面
図である。１１…シリンダヘツド、１４…口金嵌
着用孔、１５…燃料噴射弁、１６…燃焼室口金、
１７…前室、１９…主燃焼室、２２…後室、２５
…主噴口。
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional partial view of a diesel engine showing a conventional example, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional partial view of a diesel engine to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 11... Cylinder head, 14... Cap fitting hole, 15... Fuel injection valve, 16... Combustion chamber cap,
17...front chamber, 19...main combustion chamber, 22...rear chamber, 25
...Main spout.
Claims (1)
中心線O2に対して一定角度傾斜するようにシリ
ンダヘツド１１に装着し、前室１７及び後室２２
からなる予燃焼室を形成するための燃焼室口金１
６を、口金１６の主燃焼室側の端面がシリンダヘ
ツド１１の主燃焼室側の端面に概ね揃うように、
シリンダヘツド１１の口金嵌着用孔１４に主燃焼
室側から挿入嵌着し、前室１７の中心線O4を噴
射弁中心線O1に対して略平行で、かつ偏心さ
せ、主燃焼室１９と予燃焼室とを連通する主噴口
２５を口金１６に３個形成すると共に主噴口２５
を噴射弁中心線O1の延長線上に臨ませ、３個の
主噴口２５のうち１個をシリンダ中心線O2に向
け、残りの２個の主噴口２５を、シリンダ円周方
向に向け、シリンダヘツド１１の端面に各主噴口
２５と同心の部分円筒形状案内溝２６をそれぞれ
形成したことを特徴とするデイーゼル機関の予燃
焼室。1. The fuel injection valve 15 is mounted on the cylinder head 11 so that its center line O1 is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the cylinder center line O2 , and the front chamber 17 and rear chamber 22 are
Combustion chamber mouthpiece 1 for forming a precombustion chamber consisting of
6 so that the end surface of the mouthpiece 16 on the main combustion chamber side is approximately aligned with the end surface of the cylinder head 11 on the main combustion chamber side.
It is inserted into the mouthpiece fitting hole 14 of the cylinder head 11 from the main combustion chamber side, and the center line O 4 of the front chamber 17 is made approximately parallel and eccentric to the center line O 1 of the injector, and the main combustion chamber 19 Three main nozzles 25 are formed in the base 16 to communicate the pre-combustion chamber with the main nozzle 25.
facing an extension of the injection valve centerline O1 , one of the three main nozzles 25 is directed toward the cylinder centerline O2 , and the remaining two main nozzles 25 are directed toward the cylinder circumferential direction. A pre-combustion chamber for a diesel engine, characterized in that a partially cylindrical guide groove 26 concentric with each main injection port 25 is formed on the end face of a cylinder head 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57118095A JPS597727A (en) | 1982-07-06 | 1982-07-06 | Precombustion chamber of diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57118095A JPS597727A (en) | 1982-07-06 | 1982-07-06 | Precombustion chamber of diesel engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS597727A JPS597727A (en) | 1984-01-14 |
| JPS6237211B2 true JPS6237211B2 (en) | 1987-08-11 |
Family
ID=14727870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57118095A Granted JPS597727A (en) | 1982-07-06 | 1982-07-06 | Precombustion chamber of diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS597727A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01174540A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-11 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of polystyrene resin foam |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5011847U (en) * | 1973-05-30 | 1975-02-06 |
-
1982
- 1982-07-06 JP JP57118095A patent/JPS597727A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5011847U (en) * | 1973-05-30 | 1975-02-06 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS597727A (en) | 1984-01-14 |
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