JPS59183659A - Preservable feed for raising animal and farming fish and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a preservable feed suitable for raising animals and farming fish, by mincing a meat raw material, adjusting the form, antisepticizing or sterilizing the raw material, and coating the sterilized raw material with a solution of an amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer. CONSTITUTION:A meat raw material, e.g. fish or shellfish, is minced, and the form thereof in the raw state or after heat treatment is adjusted. The resultant raw material after form adjustment is then antisepticized or sterilized under heating with steam, etc. and coated with a solution of a digestible amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer to give the aimed preservable feed having a film formed from the digestible amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer on the surface thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a preservative feed and a method for producing the same, and particularly to a preservative feed suitable for raising various general animals such as livestock, vent animals, and mink, and for raising various fish, and a method for producing the same.

When raising general animals, there are exceptions in cases where feed can be prepared and provided each time using nearby fees, but when raising multiple animals or when it is necessary to transport feed from a distance, It is common practice to dry and solidify raw materials primarily to prevent spoilage.

I am a connoisseur. However, especially in the case of meaty feed, it becomes hard due to the drying and solidification process, and furthermore, the flavor, texture, etc. that the farmed animals prefer are at least partially lost, and as a result, they tend to lose their appetite.

- When targeting all farmed fish, it is customary to give solid feed for pet fish in the same way as for general animals mentioned above, but for fish farming for the purpose of providing edible fish. Live bait is used. This is because fish that are stored and used for food generally tend to regard objects floating on the water surface or moving or descending in the water as food. However, even if you feed them raw food, not all of the food will be eaten by the fish you are raising; instead, only the innards or tail of the live food will be eaten and the rest will be left behind. In many cases, the utilization efficiency of feed (live feed) is limited, and for this purpose an excess amount of live feed is required. Especially in the case of fish that only have an appetite for raw food, uneaten or dead fish will rot and decompose on the bottom of the water, and the decayed matter will be used as nutrients to generate harmful plankton, which will consume all of the oxygen. However, this often leads to the cumulative loss of KFF in fish and even death, and harmful gases may be emitted due to decomposition. Therefore, for example, in fish farms that are separated by fish nets in the shallow part of the bay, fish nets are also placed on the bottom, the position of the fish farm is moved periodically, and the original part of the fish farm is dredged. It is customary to perform cleaning processes such as these to remove the rotten matter and deposits such as feces.

Furthermore, when raising young fish, especially newly produced young fish, there are considerable difficulties in raising them. In other words, these young fish are unable to identify food and eat it, so they simply eat what happens to be in their mouths, and their mouths and digestive systems are underdeveloped, so they cannot feed on microorganisms. It is required to be in the form of minute particles, highly dispersible in water, easily digestible, and rich in nutrients. However, the reality is that artificial baits that meet these conditions have not yet been developed, and existing baits include baits dissolved in water,
It often precipitates and can gradually decompose and cause water pollution. Therefore, the feed for young fish that has been commonly used to date is zooplankton, which can be dispersed in water at high density, does not rot as long as it is alive, and provides the nutrients necessary for young fish. It has various advantages such as having phytoplankton, but its production is first carried out by cultivating phytoplankton, Chlorella, in large ponds and multiplying using this as food. The cultivation of chlorella and the multiplication of zooplankton require a huge area of ponds, and the collection of the pond requires a lot of effort, and it also suffers from drawbacks such as the fact that menstruation is affected by the weather.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to produce a product that can be produced inexpensively and efficiently.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide feed for animal breeding or fish farming, which does not affect flavor or stability, and has an extremely excellent shelf life, and a method for producing the same.

The feed according to the present invention is characterized in that it is treated with an amino acid polymer or a lactic acid polymer as a host. This kernel skin 1 is formed by interfacial polymerization of these oligomers with unprinted ions on the surface of feed in an aqueous solution, and is non-toxic to farmed animals and fish and has low stinging properties.
It does not allow bacteria or viruses to enter, and the flavor of the @ material is passed through the limbs and gaps ff 71
It has the characteristic of appearing in the club. Therefore, even if the feed according to the present invention is left in water as well as in the air, it will not cause Np decay for more than one year, and animals and fish fed with this feed will be able to do so without losing their appetite. There are so-called benefits to eating .

The main ingredients of the feed according to the present invention can include metals such as tL, island meat, bones, internal organs, ξruku, fish and shellfish G2, etc., selected according to the target breeding animal or fish, and as necessary. Carbohydrates, vegetables, grasses, etc. can be added, and vitamins, minerals, flavors, etc. can also be mixed.

According to the method of the present invention, the feed for carnivorous to omnivorous animals is
The fleshy raw material is processed by punching, shaped in a raw state or after heat treatment, and the resulting shaped body is sterilized or sterilized, and then coated with a digestible amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer solution. It can be manufactured by

General fish feed is produced by mincing fleshy raw materials, especially fish and shellfish, and kneading them in a raw state or after heat treatment with the addition of a foaming substance. It can be manufactured by heating to sterilize or sterilize it and making it porous, and then coating the porous shaped body with a digestible amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer solution. In this case, foaming substances are added to make the feed porous and floatable on water, for example citric acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium alginate, agar, xanthine gum, etc. Used alone or in combination.

Feed for young fish is made by spraying a high-protein emulsion raw material into a calcium chloride solution to make a diameter of 0. All particles of about b + I + n are generated, coated with digestible amino acids, t51J mer or milk-deficient polymer solution, and then washed with pH 7 citrate buffer to remove excess calcium ions. In this case, a high protein emulsion can be prepared, in which case the phase is concentrated milk, an aged solution of powdered dluc and 9μ white, one of the emulsions made by adding fish oil to egg yolk and emulsifying it. Or a mixture thereof can be used.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail in connection with manufacturing examples and feeding test examples.

Production Example 1 (Dog Feed) One chicken with a live weight of 1.7 pieces was stratified, washed with boiling water, and the feathers removed. Depending on the case, 52 to 20 f) and 1 to 10 g of corn flour are added with an appropriate amount of starch and gold for hard ± v tun, and Jt is nutritional additions such as minerals and vitamins!
Further add h and knead to make a mixture with a diameter of 1 to 3 cIn.
Shape into a spherical body. This secret form is heated with steam at 100 to 120 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes to sterilize it, and the temperature rises to 60 degrees before it cools down.
Immerse in 15% calcium chloride solution at ~90°C for 5 minutes. Next, it is transferred to a bath filled with a 1% solution of polyglutabanic acid having molecules z6ooo to 40,000 and immersed for 10 minutes to form a test sample on the blood returned from the orthopedic body. Thereafter, it is transferred to a cypress filled with a sulfonic acid buffer solution and washed, and the wave membrane is completely immobilized. The shaped bodies taken out from the cypress are thoroughly drained and loaded into plastic bags or moisture-proof paper bags as product feed.

10. Mince the whole raw sardine and crush it. To this crushed material, corn flour or other grain powder 3, 20 g of citric acid, 30 F fine sodium bicarbonate powder, and 1 t of 5% sodium alginate solution were added, and furthermore, 1 starch suitable for hard soil conditioning was added. Mix thoroughly. At this time, nutritional supplements, medicines, etc. can be added if necessary. This kneaded material is shaped into a spherical body having a diameter depending on the fish to be bred. Obtained orthopedic body sound 100-12
The molded body is sterilized by treatment with steam at 0° C., but in this case carbon dioxide gas is generated from inside the shaped body, and as a result, the shaped body becomes porous. This porous shaped body is immersed in a 3% alginic acid solution to form a viscous alginic acid coating on its surface, and then the vessel-shaped body is transferred to a tank filled with a 15% calcium chloride solution to gel the coating. (M time required 3
~6 minutes).

Then polylysine 1 with molecules i8000-100000
The shaped body was transferred to a tank filled with a solution containing 100% of the total amount of water, and immersed therein for 10 minutes to fix the film. The shaped bodies taken out from this tank are washed with a sulfonic acid buffer, then thoroughly drained, and then loaded into plastic bags or moisture-proof paper bags as product feed.

This feed has floating properties on water.

Note that if you add a few drops of 10% sardine oil emulsified with a neutral surfactant to the above PolyIJ Gin solution in advance, the fishy odor will be strengthened, so when feeding the feed according to this example to fish. It was found in the feeding test that the food became harder to eat.

Production example 3 (feed for young fish) Mix several drops of sardine oil and 1 volume of 2% alginic acid aqueous solution with 3 volumes of fresh milk, concentrate this to about 3 times and adjust the specific gravity,
It is sprayed into a 5X calcium chloride solution to form and precipitate microcapsules with a particle size of about 0.1. Excess calcium chloride solution was poured off, and the molecular weight was about 50,000.
A 1% solution of IJ gin was added and left to stand for 10 minutes to cause interfacial polymerization with the ions in the particles to completely form a film on the surface, and then the solution was washed away. Next, polyethyleneimine 3.3%
A solution of gold is added and the film is immersed for 10 minutes to fix the film, and then the solution is washed away. Obtained microcapsule i
Excess calcium ions are removed by washing with pH 7 citrate buffer. The washed microcapsules are packed into bottles, cans, and other containers while still containing water and are shipped as product feed.

Furthermore, this feed was stable for more than one year when stored in humid air and water.

Feeding test 1) Preference test by dogs Ten large male peagles with N9 to ±10% and homogenized characteristics were placed in a 4m square enclosure and fed every 4 days. ” I fed it only once at 10 o'clock. For the test section, 8 pieces of the feed according to Production Example 1 were placed in one corner of the above enclosure, and for the control bait, the same raw materials as for the test section were used, and the treatment step by steam heating was carried out in the process described in Production Example 1. (8 or more each time), and this was placed in a corner diagonally opposite to the corner where the above-mentioned test bait was placed.

The test period is 10. B, the test portion was prepared and stored at the same time for 10 days, and the control feed was prepared freshly each time it was fed.

The purpose of this test was to determine the Q! Whether or not the innermost parts of the inner part of the body are masked to such an extent that there is a significant difference in palatability between the coated test portion and the non-coated control bait are determined. I decided to investigate, but the results are as shown in the table below.9 The intake amount is only a full stomach or a low stomach, the digestibility is good, and the coating has improved storage stability. However, it became clear that the other conditions for use as feed were not completely met.

2) Comparative test on the palatability of the preservative feed of the present invention and commercially available solid feed by dogs Dogs were raised under the same conditions as Test 1, fed the same test section as Test 1 and the commercially available solid feed, and reduced appetite. The results shown in the table below were obtained by comparing the results up to the third day. This result shows that although there is no significant difference between the test group and the control commercially available bait in the fasting state at the beginning of the test, as the test date and time pass, there is a tendency to prefer the coated bait according to the present invention. It has been shown that the coated feed according to the present invention is more palatable than the solid feed, and delays or alleviates loss of appetite.

3) Preservation Trial The feed according to the present invention produced according to Production Examples 1 and 2 and the control feed produced in the same manner as Production Examples 1 and 2 but not subjected to film formation treatment by coating were tested in June a. The results of a complete comparison of storage properties after being left indoors during a humid period were as follows.

This shows that by applying the coating treatment according to the present invention, it is possible to stop the occurrence of bad odors due to rotting, and the shelf life is significantly increased.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (11. Preservative feed for animal breeding and fish farming, characterized by 1 t% coating on the entire surface of digestible amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer. (2) Flesh quality The raw material is minced, shaped in a raw state or after heat treatment, the resulting shaped body is sterilized or sterilized, and then coated with a digestible amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer solution. , a method for producing a non-perishable feed for animal breeding. A preservative for fish farming, characterized by heating and sterilizing or sterilizing the material and making it porous, and then coating the porous shaped body with a digestible amino acid polymer or lactic acid polymer bath solution. Feed manufacturing method. (4) Foaming substances include citric acid, sodium carbonate,
The method according to claim 3, characterized in that it is at least one substance selected from sodium alginate, agar and xanthine gum. (5) A high protein emulsion raw material is sprayed into a calcium chloride solution to produce particles with a diameter of about 0.1 mm, which are then coated with a digestible abanoic acid polymer or lactic acid polymer solution. , followed by washing with pH 7 citrate buffer to remove excess calcium ions.
A method for producing preservative feed for young fish. (6) The high protein emulsion is one of concentrated milk, a highly concentrated solution of powdered milk, egg white, egg yolk and emulsified with fish r=+, or a mixture thereof. The manufacturing method described in Section 5.