JPS59167417A - Unloader operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accomplish quantitative loading and unloading by finding the loading and unloading quantity of a tranported material scraped by a scraping portion of a bucket conveyer of an unloader, and changing the feed speed of the conveyer depending upon the quantity to control the loading and unloading quantity so as to cope with fluctuation in a bulk material without a time lag. CONSTITUTION:An unloader includes an elevator portion 5a and a bucket conveyer 5 having a scraping portion 5b radially extended from the lower end portion of the elevator portion for scraping a transported material, a bulk mterial (m). Buckets 13 are circulated and transported by expanding a retaining cylinder 10 and an expansion-contraction cylinder 11 to pull a chain 12 stretched among sprockets 6, 7, 8. External forces P1 (expansion load) and P2 (vertical load) are detected from oil pressure of the cylinders 10, 11, and the loading and unloading quantity Q of the bulk material scraped by a scraping portion 5b is calculated from the detected value by a computer. The result is feedbacked to control operation such as the feed of the bucket 13 of the conveyer 5 or the turning and traveling of the conveyer 5.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The amount of unloaded objects being scraped by the scraping section of the packet conveyor is determined, and the amount of unloaded objects is adjusted by changing the feeding speed of the packet conveyor, etc. based on this unloading amount. The present invention relates to a method of operating an unlog capable of adjusting the amount of cargo handled by the packet conveyor in response to changes in the loading situation, thereby achieving quantitative cargo handling.

An unloader is a device for unloading a ship's cargo, but there are no known unloaders that use a packet conveyor to scrape out debris such as coal and ore or powder from a ship's hold.
As shown in Figure 1, coal and other parasitic materials in the hold a are
After being excavated or scraped off by the scraping section d at the lower end of the packet conveyor C, the packets are conveyed to the upper part of the ship, and further sent by the subsequent conveyor e, etc., and then landed. However, in this type of continuous unloader, the amount of cargo handled varies depending on the specific gravity, angle of repose, operating method, etc. of the transported object, such as a one-pack object. If the range of fluctuations in the amount of cargo handling is large, the capacity of equipment such as the conveyor e1 stacker behind the packet conveyor C must be adjusted to accommodate this volume, resulting in an increase in the size of the equipment. Therefore, conventionally, the following quantitative cargo handling operation method has been proposed in order to suppress the fluctuation range of the cargo handling amount as small as possible.

■ A flowmeter is installed on the subsequent conveyor that transfers the load from the packet conveyor to detect the amount of cargo being transferred, and based on this detected value, the packet feeding speed of the packet conveyor and...
A method to increase or decrease the operating speed of the Kerato conveyor, such as traveling and turning.

■ Detects the driving force of the packet conveyor and sets it to a preset value (this value is the value when all packets on the load side of the packet conveyor that lifts the load are loaded evenly). A method of controlling the feed speed, etc. of a packet conveyor in order to get closer to

However, in the above methods (1) and (2), the response is slow and appropriate control cannot be performed. In particular, when there are many packets and it takes a long time from scraping to release, the time lag becomes severe and quantitative cargo handling control is impossible.

Furthermore, in the method (2), control cannot be performed unless all the packets on the load side are loaded with the scraped load.

In other words, when only some packets are loaded at the beginning or end of scraping, the driving force of the packet conveyor is small, so control is performed to increase the packet feeding speed or deepen the excavation depth of the scraping section. As a result, there is a risk that the control system will diverge. Further, even if there is a large variation in the loading amount of each packet due to the rocking of the ship, etc., fL cannot be detected.

The present invention has been devised to effectively solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. The purpose of the present invention is to carry out transport without time lag even if the conditions of objects to be transported such as parallax items in a ship's hold change.
An object of the present invention is to provide an unloader operating method that can adjust the amount of cargo handled by a packet conveyor in response to the situation and realize fixed-quantity cargo handling.

The above object is to detect the vertical load of the scraping section supported on the elevator section side of the packet conveyor and the expansion/contraction load acting on the scraping section in its longitudinal direction. This was achieved by finding out from the value that the amount of material to be transported that is currently being scraped up by the scraping section was calculated, and by configuring the packet conveyor to change its feed speed, etc. in accordance with the determined amount of material being handled. It will be reduced.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 shows the overall configuration of the unloader,
As shown in the figure, the unloader includes a running section 1 that is movably disposed on a wharf for loading and unloading cargo, a poom 2 that is disposed on the movable section 1 so as to be movable on a horizontal plane and vertically, and a boom. a top support frame 3 provided at the tip of the frame 2;
A cylindrical elevator casing rotatably supported by the top support frame 3 and hanging vertically, and an elevator casing 4.
The conveyor 5 mainly includes an elevator section 5a arranged in the casing 4 and a scraping section 5b extending horizontally from the lower end of the elevator section 58. It is composed of

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the packet conveyor 5 has a driving sprocket 6 at its top, and a driven sprocket 6 at the tip and base end of the scraping section 5b. Sprockets 1 and 8 are provided. Furthermore, the elevator section 5a
In order to form and maintain the shape of the scraping part 5b extending horizontally from the lower end, an L-shaped floater 9 is provided extending from the lower end of the elevator part 5a to the proximal end of the scraping part 5b.

The upper part of the elevator part 5 a side of the floater 9 and the elevator ~
A holding cylinder 10 for holding the floater 9 in suspension is interposed between the lower end of the bamboo ring 4 and the holding cylinder 10 for holding the floater 9 in suspension. Further, a driven sprocket 8 is mounted on the bent portion of the floater 9, and a driven sprocket 7 is provided between the tip of the floater 9 on the scraping portion 5b side and the driven sprocket 7. A telescopic cylinder 11 is interposed to extend and contract the scraping portion 5b in the longitudinal direction of the scraping portion 5b. Furthermore, between the driving suspension rocket 6 and the driven suspension rocket 7.8,
An endless ring-shaped chain 12 runs along the chain 12, and packets 13 are attached to the chain 12 at appropriate intervals along the chain.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

By extending one or both of the holding cylinder 10 and the telescopic cylinder 11, the p% driving sprocket 6
, the chain 12 passed between the driven sprockets 7 and 8 is pulled, and the driving sprocket 6 is actuated to circulate and transport the packed packets 13 attached to the chain 12 and fl.

Then, while circulating the packets 13, the packet conveyor 5 is rotated together with the elevator casing 1.
The debris m such as coal in the cargo hold is scraped off by the packet 13 at the bottom of the scraping section 5b facing this side. (You may also allow it to run.) Scrape with the scraping part 5b
The parallax m is carried into the elevator section 5a, lifted 217, and dropped onto the conveyor 14 provided in the pool 2 from the discharging end above the elevator section 5a.
4 to a conveyor 15 provided in the running section 1, and then unloaded at a pier.

A feature of the present invention is that the weight of the parallax material m currently being scraped off by the scraping section 5b can be detected, and based on this detected value, the feeding speed of the packet 13, etc. can be adjusted to control the amount of cargo handling. The point is that

Next, a method for detecting the weight of the parallax object m currently being scraped off by the scraping section 5b will be explained.

First, when considering the forces acting on each part of the scraping section 5b, as shown in FIG. 3, there are forces p, , p2. lol.

There are w, S, and R. Pl is an external force applied to the telescopic cylinder 11, Pl is an external force applied to the holding cylinder 10, W
is the scraping part 5b (floater 9, driven sprocket γ, 8,
weight of the telescopic cylinder 11, chain 12, packet 13, etc.), W is the parallax m in the packet 13 of the scraping part 5b
, S is the reaction force that the packets 13 in the scraping section 5b receive vertically upward from the parallax m, and R is the resistance force when the packets 13 in the scraping section 5b scrape off the parallax m. .

Moreover, FIG. 4 shows the distribution of tension acting on the chain 12 of the scraping section 5b. In the figure, T is the tension of the chain 12 at the final stage of scraping 9, and T2 is the driven sprocket 7.
is the tension of the chain 12 wound around n. The tension tl + t2 of the chain 12 in the elevator section 5a is TI + T2 due to the addition of the weight of the packet 13 and the goods m.
increase more.

Consider the balance of forces in the vertical direction in the scraping section 5b. W
, w, and S are supported only by the chain 12 and the holding cylinder 10, so the following equation holds.

TI ten T2 = Pl + W ten w S −
--(1) Also, considering the balance of forces in the horizontal direction (longitudinal direction) of the scraping part 5b, TI is larger than T2 by the ρ resistance force R, and T2 is half the thrust of the telescopic cylinder 11. From, TI'= T2 + R...(2) 2 to P
T2---(3) becomes. Therefore, from equations (1), (2), and (3), Tl
By eliminating r'r, , we obtain the following equation.

R-W = p2- p1+ W-8・=・・・・・・
(4) In equation (4), the weight W of the scraping part 5b is a known amount, and the reaction force S is very small, and can be considered constant unless the scraping part 5b is lowered. external force p,
By detecting +p, , Rw can be obtained.

However, the cargo handling amount Q is a function of R-w, and if the specific gravity and other properties of the cargo (parallel goods) are determined, the cargo handling amount Q can be determined from R-w, so in the end, PI, Pl If n is detected, the amount Q of cargo currently being scraped by the scraping section 5b can be calculated.

In this embodiment, external forces Pr (expansion load in the longitudinal direction of the scraping section 5b) and Pz (vertical load on the scraping section 5b) are applied to the cylinder 10. li oil pressure, and from this detected value, a microcomputer or the like calculates the cargo handling amount Q that is currently being scraped by the scraping section 5b, and feeds back the calculated cargo handling amount Q to the packet conveyor 5. It controls the feeding (hoisting) of the packet 13 and the operating speed of the keratoconveyor 5, such as turning and running. Therefore, the operation control method of the present invention has almost no time lag and has extremely good responsiveness.

Therefore, even if there are a large number of packets 13 and it takes a long time to scrape off and release the parallaxes, it is possible to perform appropriate control, and even if the loading conditions do not change, the amount of cargo handled can be maintained at all times. can be maintained constant. In addition, accurate control can be performed even when only a part of the pile 13 on the load increasing side of the elevator section 5a is loaded with a load at the beginning or end of scraping. Furthermore, due to the rocking of the ship, etc., each packet 1
This can be detected even when there are large fluctuations in the load capacity of 3.
Furthermore, if the fc loading amount to be scraped at each time is stored, the loading amount distribution can also be known.

In addition, in the above embodiment, more accurate load detection can be achieved by connecting an accumulator to the holding cylinder 10 and the telescopic cylinder 11, or by leaving the cylinders io and 1i free, so that the cargo handling amount can be carried out with even higher accuracy. It is also possible to detect

Further, in the above embodiment, the vertical load and expansion/contraction load of the scraping section 5b were detected from the oil pressure of the cylinders 10 and 11, but instead of the cylinder 10. The load may also be detected. Furthermore,
Although the packet conveyor 5 of the above embodiment is of a telescopic L-shape, it can also be applied to a packet conveyor of the type recently proposed by the present inventors in which the scraping section is configured to be movable up and down.

In summary, the method of the present invention provides the following excellent effects.

(υ Cargo handling control can be carried out with extremely high responsiveness without time lag. Therefore, even if the loading status of transported objects in the hold changes, cargo handling control can be performed immediately in response to this change, and the cargo handling volume can always be maintained at a constant level.) I can do it.

(2) Since quantitative cargo handling is possible, the capacity of conveyors, stackers, etc. following the packet conveyor can be reduced, and the equipment can therefore be downsized.

(3) When only some packets are loaded with objects at the beginning or end of scraping, or when the loading amount of each packet varies greatly due to the rocking of the ship, etc. Cargo handling control is possible.

(4) Just by detecting the vertical load and expansion/contraction load of the scraping part, the amount of cargo to be transported that is being scraped by the scraping part can be easily calculated, which is highly useful.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a conventional unloader operating method, Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an unloader for carrying out the method of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the same packet conveyor. 4 is a cross-sectional view. FIG. 1 is a tension distribution diagram showing the tension of the chain in the scraping section of the packet conveyor of FIG. 3. In the figure, l: ]: elevator casing, 5 is a packet conveyor, 5a is an elevator part, 5b is a scraping part, 6 is a driving sprocket), 7.8 is a driven Suzorocket, 9 is a floater, 10 is a holding cylinder , 11 is a telescopic cylinder, 12 is a chain, 13id packet, Pl is an external force applied to the telescopic cylinder (expandable load), P2 is an external force applied to the holding cylinder (vertical load), and m is a parallax. Patent applicant: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Agent: Patent attorney: Nobuo Kinutani JP-A-59-167417 (5) S Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] In the method of operating an unloader equipped with a packet conveyor having an elevator section arranged vertically and a scraping section extending radially from the lower end of the elevator section for scraping conveyed objects such as parallaxes, The vertical load of the scraping section supported on the elevator section side of the packet conveyor and the expansion/contraction load acting on the scraping section in its longitudinal direction are detected, and based on these detected values, the scraping section is scraping. A method for operating an unloader, characterized in that the amount of unloaded objects to be transported is determined, and the amount of unloaded objects to be transported is adjusted by changing the feed speed of a packet conveyor, etc. according to the determined amount of unloaded objects.