JPS59167418A - Unloader operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accomplish quantitative loading and unloading by calculating the weight of a transported material scraped by a scraping portion on every interval and carried in an elevator portion, and changing the speed of a conveyer depending upon the weight to control the unloading quantity of the transported material. CONSTITUTION:A bucket conveyer 1 having a scraping portion 4 for scraping a bulk material (m) in a ship's hold and an elevator portion 5 comprises a rising portion 5a for carrying the scraped bulk material (m) to the carry-out end of the upper portion of the conveyer 1 and a lowering portion 5b for returning a bucket 3 to the scraping portion 4 after the bucket transfers the bulk material (m) to a succeeding conveyer 6. The motive power and racing power of the conveyer 1 and the scraping power of the scraping portion 4 are detected from oil pressure of a cylinder 9, and the transport power is successively found by subtracting the racing power and the scraping power from the total motive power of the conveyer 1 to find and memory the weight of a transported material lifted up by the elevator portion 5, which is compared with the weight of the present transported material to calculate the weight of the transported material of the elevator portion 5 within this time, considering the discharged weight and change the speed of the conveyer 1 to control the unloading quantity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of operating an unloader, and in particular, the present invention relates to a method of operating an unloader.
The weight of the transported object is calculated, and the traveling speed of the packet conveyor is all changed based on the calculated weight of the transported object to adjust the loading and unloading amount of the transported object. It allows for efficient cargo handling control, and even if the cargo situation changes, the amount of cargo handled by the packet conveyor can be adjusted in a timely manner.
The present invention relates to a method of operating an unloader that can achieve quantitative cargo handling.

An unloader is a device for unloading cargo from a ship, and one known uses a packet conveyor to scrape out parallaxes such as coal and ore, powder, etc. from a ship's hold. FIG. 1 shows a packet conveyor type unloader of this type. As shown in the figure, para-materials such as coal in hold a are
After being excavated or scraped off by the scraping section d at the lower end of the packerato conveyor C, it is conveyed to the upper part of the hold, and further sent by a subsequent conveyor e, etc., and unloaded.

However, in such a continuous type unloader, the amount of cargo handled varies depending on the specific gravity of the transported object such as a parallax, the angle of repose, the operating method of the packet conveyor, etc. If the range of fluctuation in the amount of cargo handling is large, the capacity of the equipment such as the conveyor e1 stacker following the packet conveyor C must be increased to accommodate this, and the equipment becomes larger. Therefore, conventionally, the following quantitative cargo handling operation method has been proposed in order to keep the fluctuation range of cargo handling amount as small as possible.
ing.

■ A flowmeter is installed on the subsequent conveyor that transfers all the cargo from the packet conveyor to detect the amount of cargo being transferred, and based on this detected value, the operating speed of the packet conveyor, such as traveling and turning, can be increased or decreased. method to control cargo handling volume.

■ Packet conveyor driving force e [output, n] is a preset value (this value is the value when all packets on the load side of the packet conveyor that lifts the load are evenly loaded with the load). A method of controlling the feed, rotation speed, etc. of a packet conveyor to bring it closer to

However, in the above methods (1) and (2), the response is slow and appropriate control cannot be performed. In particular, when there are a large number of gaskets and it takes a long time from scraping to release,
Due to the time lag, there is no correlation between the detected amount and the amount of cargo actually scraped, making quantitative cargo handling control impossible. In addition, in the method (2), control cannot be performed unless the scraped load is completely placed on the load side. In other words, when the load is piled up only in some parts at the beginning or end of scraping, the driving force of the packet conveyor is small, so it is necessary to increase the traveling speed of the packets or increase the excavation depth of the scraping section. As a result, there is a risk that the control system will diverge. Furthermore, even when the loading amount of each packet varies greatly due to the rocking of the ship, etc., it is not possible to detect this.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to quickly respond to the situation without any time lag even if the loading status of objects to be transported such as parallaxes changes. An object of the present invention is to provide an unloader operation method that can adjust the amount of cargo handled by a packet conveyor, achieve quantitative cargo handling, and reduce the capacity of conveyors, stackers, etc. subsequent to the packet conveyor.

According to the present invention, the above object is achieved by the following configuration. That is, the packet conveyor is equipped with a scraping section for scraping off conveyed objects such as parallaxes, and an elevator section for conveying the conveyed objects scraped off by the scraping section to a discharging end located above. In the unloader operating method, the conveyor power of the above-mentioned Nonoket conveyor, the idling power necessary for idle operation of the packet conveyor, and the scraping power for scraping the conveyed object in the scraping section are detected. Then, by subtracting the idling power and scraping power from the conveyor power, which is the total power of the Keratoconveyor, the transport power required to lift the conveyed object in the elevator section is sequentially determined, and from this transport power, The weight of the object to be transported in the elevator section is determined and memorized as appropriate, and the previously determined weight of the object to be transported in the elevator section is compared with the current weight of the object to be transported. Calculate the weight of the transported objects carried from the scraping section to the elevator section within this time, taking into account the weight of the transported objects discharged from the delivery end of the The amount of cargo to be transported is adjusted by changing the traveling speed, turning speed, etc. of the packet conveyor based on the weight of the object.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an unloader (particularly a packet conveyor) for carrying out the method of the present invention. As shown in the figure, 1 is a packet conveyor, and the packet conveyor 1 has a chain 2 arranged in an O-shape and a chain 3 attached to the chain 2 at equal intervals. The chain 2 is hooked up to a sprocket (not shown),
The sprocket is rotated by the operation of a drive motor to circulate and transport the chain 2 and packets 3. The packet conveyor 1 has a scraping section 4 at the lower end of the packet conveyor 1 for excavating or scraping off parallax materials such as coal, which are objects to be conveyed, loaded in a ship's hold, etc., and an elevator section 5 above the scraping section 4. ing. The elevator section 5 includes an ascending section 5a that transports the parallax m scraped off by the scraping section 4 to the discharging end at the upper part of the keratin conveyor 1, and a rising section 5a that conveys the parallax m to the conveyor 6 following the packet conveyor 1 at the discharging end. The receiving section 5b returns the empty packet 3 to the scraping section 4 again after being handed over.
It consists of

Next, a method of operating the unloader having the above configuration will be described.

The snow rocket on which the chain 2 is attached is operated by the drive motor, and the chain 2 and snow rocket 3 are driven to circulate. Then, the keratto 3 is circulated and conveyed, the trumpet keratoconveyor 1 is run over the cargo, and the parallax material m in the hold is scraped off by the keratto 3 of the scraping section 4.

The parallax m scraped off by the scraping section 4 is carried into the ascending section 5a of the elevator section 5, lifted up to the upper discharge end, and further dropped onto the conveyor 6 from the discharge end. The items are then transported by a delivery device such as the above and unloaded onto a wharf.

The conveyor power Q for driving the packet conveyor 1 by the drive motor is: 1) Idle running power Qa required for idle running of the packet conveyor 1 11) Transport required for lifting the parallaxes mf scraped by the scraping unit 4 to the discharge end It can be roughly divided into power Qb and 111) scraping power Qc required for scraping off the parallax material mf in the scraping unit 4. That is, Q = Qa0Qb0Q.・・・・・・
...(1). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the conveyor power Q changes from time to time, but if the conveyor power Ql at time t1 changes to Q2 at time t2, the amount of change ΔQ in the conveyor power Q (=Q2-
Q, ) is Qa, Q5. Using Qo, ΔQ= (Q
a2- Qa, ) + (Q52- Qbl) + (Q
It can be expressed as c2Q, )...(2). Here, Qa2
is the idling power at time t2, and Qal is the idling force at time t1
This is the idling power at . Also, similarly, Qbl and Qb2 are 0 conveyance power, Qcl, and Q at AIQXUt1 and t2.
c2 is time t1. This is the scraping force at t2.

Next, let us consider the above-mentioned method of detecting power.

The trench and conveyor power Q changes to the open side during operation, and this change can be detected by the drive motor's electric power, current, hydraulic motor pressure, strain gauge, load cell, etc.

The idling power Qa changes over a long period of time, for example, due to the heat generated by the equipment, but it can be considered constant within a short period of time, such as a few minutes, so it can be considered as Q112-Qal"" 0 --- (3) can. Note that the idling power Qa is uniquely defined by the feeding speed of the packet 3. However, if the feed rate is changed, the idling force Qa will also change according to the mechanism, but if the relationship between the feed rate and the idling force Qa is determined in advance, the feed rate can be detected by the rotation speed of the drive motor, etc. Yo”s Qa
2 Qa, % o is also detectable.

Also, the scraping force Q. This can be detected, for example, by a detection device as shown in FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes an elevator casing that supports the packet conveyor 1, and its lower end γa is formed in sections and is swingably connected to an upper portion 7b via a bin 8. Further, on the side wall of the elevator casing γ at the rear of the packet 3 in the excavation direction, a lower end portion 7a and an upper portion 7b are connected to suppress rocking or vibration n of the lower end portion 7a and detect scraping force (excavation force). There is a shilling 9 for this purpose. In the figure, F is the reaction force that the packet 3 receives from the parallax m when the packet 3 scrapes off the parallax m. This reaction force F can be easily detected from the oil pressure of the cylinder 9, and the scraping force Qc can be calculated from the reaction force F. In addition, depending on the nature of the conveyed object such as a parallax (low scraping resistance) and the structure of the scraping section (such as a type 0 packet conveyor where the number of packets being scraped at the same time is small). ,
There are cases where the scraping force Q can be ignored.

Finally, the following equation holds true for the conveyance power Q5.

Qb = ΣWt = vt (4) Here, 2wt is the total weight of the load in the packet at time t, and ■, is the transmission of packet 3 at time t! The ll (winding) speed, K, is a known constant. (2) can be measured by the rotation speed of the drive motor, etc.

Therefore, from equations (2), (3), and (4), equation (1) can be expressed as ΔQ=K(ΣW XV −2w *v
) t-t2 t-t,, t-tt
t-t++(Qc2-Qc,) ・
It can be rewritten as --=(5).

Next, based on equation (5), the weight of the parallax m carried from the scraping section 4 to the ascending section 5a of the elevator section 5 from its lower carry-in end within a certain period of time is determined.

Assume that the conveyor power Q of the packet conveyor 1 changes from the scraping start point (time t.-0) as shown in FIG. At the start of scraping, ΣWt-t.

= -0, the conveyor power Q and scraping power Qo are detected, and their variation ΔQt-t1゜Qcl-Q
If oo is found, then from equation (5), the time interval [1o, 11]
The weight side t=N (Σwt=t1-Σwt-t) of the parallax m carried into the rising part 5a of the double elevator part 5 can be calculated. Furthermore, in the next time interval [1,,12], since the total weight Σwt-t (= boar, -0) of the parallax objects m in the packet 3 at the previous time t1 is known, the time interval [tl , t2]t/'C It is possible to calculate the weight ΔWt=t2 of the newly brought-in parallax m.

Similarly, time interval [t2. t3], [t3. t4]
The weight ΔWt""t3 of the parallax material m brought in and carried out at ,
'#t, :5. ... can also be calculated one after another. Furthermore, when the packet 3 continues to rotate and starts discharging the parallax m from the discharging end at the top of the packet conveyor to the conveyor 6,
The weight of the parallax m discharged in a certain time interval can be calculated from the weight (known amount) of the parallax m brought into the elevator section 5 in the previous time interval, so the weight of the parallax m discharged in a certain time interval can be calculated from the weight (known amount) of the parallax m carried into the elevator section 5 in the previous time interval. ' The weight of the parallax object m can be calculated. In this way, the weight of the parallax material m carried into the elevator section 5 can be calculated at all times throughout the operation of the packet conveyor 1. Note that the scraping start point can be known from the detection of the scraping force Qc.

In this way, in the 5-bokuto method, the weight of the para-object m scraped into the packet 3 by the scraping section 4 and carried into the elevator section 5 can be known immediately after the para-object m is carried in. can.

Then, based on the weight of the transported parallax m, the traveling speed of the packet conveyor 10 and the depth of penetration of the packet 3 into the parallax m are changed (in addition, the winding speed of the packet 30 may also be changed). The amount of scraping by the scraping unit 4 in the λ-th time period is increased or decreased. Even if it takes a long time from scraping to discharge, or if the cargo situation changes, etc.
Appropriate control is possible and the amount of cargo handled can be maintained constant at all times. In addition, when the load is loaded only on a part of the gasket 3 in the ascending section 5a of the elevator section 5 at the beginning or end of scraping, or when the loading amount of each packet 3 fluctuates greatly due to the rocking of the ship, etc. In some cases, these problems can be detected and appropriate control can be implemented. Furthermore, conveyor power Q1 scraping power Qc
A microcomputer is sufficient to calculate and store the amount of bulk materials carried in based on the detected amount of bulk materials, or to control the running speed of the packet conveyor 1 according to the calculated amount of bulk materials carried in. It is highly practical.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the 'n released from the packet 3 is
If the fc parasitic material m is actually measured using a weighing machine or the like installed on the rear conveyor 6, etc., and the calculated amount of parasitic material n is compared and corrected, even more precise operation control can be achieved. It is possible. Further, although the packet conveyor 1 in the above embodiment is of type 0, the operating method of the present invention can be applied to other types of packet conveyors such as L-type.

In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

(1) Cargo handling with almost no time lag and good responsiveness
+1N is possible. Therefore, discharge 1 from scraping of the conveyed object
Even when it takes a long time to load or when the loading status of cargo (general cargo) in the cargo hold changes, the side diameter I can be set appropriately according to the container, and the amount of cargo handled can always be maintained at a constant level. .

(2) Since quantitative cargo handling is possible, the capacity of the conveyor, stacker, etc. following the packet conveyor can be reduced, and the equipment can be made into a new type.

(3) This method can also be used when only some of the packets are loaded with objects at the beginning or end of scraping, or when the loading amount of each packet varies greatly due to the rocking of the ship, etc. This enables accurate cargo handling control.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operating method of a conventional unloader, Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an unloader for carrying out the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operating method of a conventional unloader. FIG. 4 is a front view showing an example of a detection device for detecting the scraping force of the scraping unit, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in conveyor power over time. In the figure, 1 is a packet conveyor, 2 is a chain, 3 is a gasket, 4 is a scraping part, 5 is an elm baking part, 61 is an i conveyor, 7 is an elevator casing, 8 is a pin, 9 is a cylinder, and m is a rose It is an object (object to be transported). Patent applicant: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Nobuo Kinutani 15- 16- Figure 5 ↑ o h ↑ 2nd meeting

Claims (1)

[Claims] An unloader equipped with a packet conveyor having a scraping part for scraping objects to be conveyed such as parallaxes, and an elevator part for conveying the objects scraped by the scraping part to a discharge end located above. In the operating method, the conveyor power of the packet conveyor, the idling power necessary for idle operation of the packet conveyor, and the scraping power for scraping the conveyed object in the scraping section are detected. ``The conveying power required to convey the conveyed object upward in the elevator section is determined sequentially from the generated power, and the weight of the conveyed object being conveyed in the elevator section is determined from this conveying power. Compare the weight of the transported object in the elevator section with the current weight of the transported object, and calculate the weight of the transported object that was scraped off by the scraping section and carried into the carry-in end of the elevator section during this period. A method for operating an unloader characterized in that the amount of unloading of the transported object is adjusted by changing the running speed of the packet conveyor, etc. according to the calculated weight of the transported object.