JPS5914707Y2 - Dryer with infrared hot air - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a dryer for drying agricultural and marine products such as fish and vegetables, and various articles for printing, painting, etc. The purpose of this invention is first to improve the quality of dried products. Therefore, the method is 1-1.In contrast to the drying method that uses only hot air, infrared rays are also irradiated to have a positive effect on the color, gloss, etc. of the dried product.For example, when drying fish, drying using light and wind is used. Warm air drying (
Use infrared drying (light) in combination with wind).

1-2 In order to equalize the degree of drying of dried products, the flow of hot air in the drying chamber and the infrared ray generating surface are appropriately arranged to make the temperature distribution in the drying chamber more uniform, and the high temperature of the infrared ray generating surface is A mechanism is provided to cool the parts from the inside to equalize the degree of dryness of the dried product.

1-3 Warm air for drying is generated by exchanging heat between combustion gas and air using a heat exchanger, instead of using a direct heating method in which oil, gas, etc. is combusted and the combustion generated gas is directly subjected to drying. Adopts a safer indirect heating method to prevent soot and smoke from adhering to dried products.

The second purpose of this invention is to have an energy-saving effect, and the means to achieve this are 2-1: Circulating as much hot air as possible to reduce the amount of exhaust air, and 2-2 Using the hot air and infrared generator in a drying room. The hot air circulation path including the blower is integrated with the drying chamber to reduce the heat radiation area.

The third purpose of this invention is to provide a dryer that is equipped with a deodorizing device, which is currently almost a necessity for printing, painting, etc., and can be manufactured and installed at low cost. -1 The drying room, hot air, infrared ray generator, cross-air circulation passage, etc. are integrated into a package, which facilitates the production, transportation, and on-site construction of the dryer, and reduces equipment costs.

3-2 A combustion deodorizing device will also be installed to prevent the generation of bad odors, which can be a problem when drying fish etc. in urban areas.

The present invention provides a drying device that can be assembled in such a way that the above-mentioned means have a synergistic effect without reducing their original effects. Something previously unknown.

In order to achieve the above objects and means, the present invention provides a box-shaped room that is almost sealed and insulated from the outside, and is provided with two partition plates that partition the room vertically with an interval between them. The space is used as a combustion chamber and combustion gas passage of a burner separately provided outdoors, and the partition plate is used as a heat transfer surface for infrared radiation, etc., and the space on both sides consisting of the partition plate and the indoor wall, ceiling, floor surface, etc. is used as a heating chamber, A blower is installed near the outer wall of the dryer, an air passage connecting the heat chambers in series or parallel, and an air circulation passage that circulates air in the heating chamber via the blower. An opening that introduces indoor air from below and a chimney that exhausts combustion gas from above to the outside are provided, and an opening that introduces external air is provided in the air intake passage of the blower, and a partition plate is installed during air circulation. This food dryer uses hot air and infrared rays to heat and dry various articles using heated air and infrared rays radiated into the heating chamber from a partition plate.

Examples of dried products that can be used mainly for the deodorizing effect of the dryer of this invention include dried kusaya fish and chicken manure in the agricultural and fishery fields, and drying of paint and printing materials and drying of sludge in sewage treatment plants in the general industry field. There is a possibility that it will be widely used in connection with pollution problems in the future.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the dryer of the present invention, with a portion of the drying chamber, chimney, and air heating section shown in cross section.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the dryer of the present invention, in which a portion is shown in cross section to clearly show the air heating section, and a portion of the cross section is also shown in cross section to show the inside of the combustion chamber.

White arrows indicate the flow of air, and black arrows indicate the flow of combustion gas.

The flame of the gas burner 1 enters the combustion chamber and the combustion gas passage 2, heats a part 4 of the wall surface of the drying chamber (heating chamber) 3, radiates radiant heat into the drying chamber 3, and heats the boundary wall surface 6 with the air heating chamber 5. The air inside the air heating chamber is also heated and discharged from the chimney 7 to the outside.

The air in the lower part of the drying chamber enters the air heating chamber 5 from the drying chamber 3 through the passage 8 leading from the air heating chamber 3 to the air heating chamber 5, is heated by the air heating heat transfer surface 6, and is sent to the drying chamber 3 by the blower 9.
Go inside and dry the dried products.

As mentioned above, air is heated → temperature rise → dry → temperature decrease →
It is reheated and recycled, but if left as is, the humidity will increase due to water vapor evaporating from the dried material.

As the humidity increases, the drying speed decreases, so an appropriate amount of outside air must be supplied and the same amount of air inside the dryer must be exhausted so that the relative humidity does not increase too much.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, the outside air is sucked in by the blower 9 through the hole 10 whose opening area is appropriately adjusted by the damper in the upper part of the air heating chamber, and approximately the same amount of drying indoor air as this outside air is pumped through the hole 10 in the lower part of the drying chamber. 11 enters the combustion chamber and the combustion gas passage 2 by the suction force of the chimney, air cooling the high temperature part of the combustion chamber wall, lowering the temperature of the high temperature flame, and the exhaust air also becomes high temperature, causing organic matter in the exhaust air to thermally decompose. and is discharged from the chimney along with the combustion gas.

In the figure, 12 is a heat insulating wall, 13 is a motor, and 1' is an air intake port for a gas burner.

Figures 3 to 5 show another embodiment in which the air heating chamber of the first embodiment is used as a second dry heating chamber, and the air heating chamber utilizes the residual heat of the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber and the combustion gas passage. This is an embodiment in which the dryer is separately provided on the outer surface of the ceiling of the dryer.

A drying chamber (heating chamber) 3 is arranged on the left and right sides of a combustion chamber equipped with a gas burner 1 and a combustion gas passage 2, an air heating chamber 5 is arranged at the top, and a flue 2' is passed through the air heating chamber 5. The wall surface 6 is a heating wall, and parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1.2 are given the same symbols.

FIG. 6 shows the three dryers of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 connected by a connecting passage 14, with the opposing front and rear walls of each drying chamber of each dryer being opened.

Each dryer body is mass-produced at a factory, connected on-site, and a conveyor is installed inside the drying room to create a large continuous dryer.

It is only necessary to connect the number of dried products and the amount of drying for each user on site, and the on-site construction costs are low and the product can be sold at a low price.

This connected continuous dryer allows the temperature, humidity, and wind speed to be freely adjusted for each drying chamber, which can be expected to improve product quality and also reduce fuel costs.

The effects of the present invention will be explained.

Fish has traditionally been dried using dryers, and most of them use a method in which heated air from a hot air generator enters a separately installed drying chamber, dries the fish, and then discharges it outside. However, there are very few that use circulating hot air, and there are very few that use infrared rays to dry fish.

It is only used by manufacturers of dried fish, etc., and not by fish stores or fishermen.

This is thought to be mainly due to the large size and high price of the device.

The dryer of the present invention improves the conventional drying method and obtains a high-quality product that is closer to drying under the sun. It also saves fuel costs, downsizes the device, and reduces on-site construction work, making it inexpensive and requiring less installation space. A deodorizing device has also been installed to enable use at the sub-division area, with the aim of supplying hygienic and high-quality dried fish to consumers.

As mentioned above, the present invention is capable of satisfying many of the functional effects required of a dryer as described below by organically and compactly organizing each member that makes up the dryer.

First, applying infrared rays has an effect similar to irradiating sunlight, improving the taste and color of the product compared to products that are traditionally dried using hot air.Also, since the fish are directly irradiated with infrared rays, drying using only warm air can improve the quality of the product. It can dry faster than a machine, warm air is circulated and the exhaust volume is less than 1/20 of the total air volume, and fuel costs can be significantly reduced.

The drying rate is greatly influenced by humidity, mainly the relative humidity of the air, and as the relative humidity increases, the drying rate decreases.

If the relative humidity is approximately the same, the drying rate is primarily influenced by the temperature of the drying chamber.

Assuming that the relative humidity of the outside air and the air inside the dryer is 50% and the temperature is 15°C, if the temperature inside the dryer is raised to 80°C with the same relative humidity, 0% per kg of air.
．． It can evaporate 26 kg of water vapor.

The blower should be set to pass through the dryer at a flow rate of 2 to 10 m/s based on the natural drying conditions.As a result of calculations based on the above conditions assuming various dimensions of the drying room, the intake and exhaust volume is the air flow volume. 1/20 or less of that was sufficient.

Although it is possible to circulate hot air using a conventional dryer with a separate wind generator installed, the temperature of the air may drop if the air is returned from the drying room to the warm air generator. This causes the problem of condensation, which prevents water from adhering to the surface.

Air at 80°C and 50% relative humidity becomes saturated at about 64°C.

Therefore, while the air is being returned to the hot air generator, the temperature may drop locally and condensation may occur.

In the case of the dryer of this invention, warm air circulates inside the dryer, so even if the humidity is increased to a level that does not adversely affect drying, there will be no condensation, so the amount of discharged or intake air can be reduced, and fuel costs can be reduced. This results in savings.

Organic substances that cause bad odors decompose thermally at temperatures above 650°C and mainly become carbon dioxide gas and water vapor, so if you dislike bad odors, it is desirable to incinerate them.

In the case of the dryer of the present invention, most of the hot air is circulated, so the amount of discharged air is small, and if the damper of the air intake hole 10 is adjusted to prevent the amount of intake and exhaust from becoming excessive, the hole can be opened relatively easily. The moisture-absorbing air introduced through No. 11 can be raised to 800° C. or higher to be deodorized and discharged into the atmosphere as a harmless and odorless gas.

At this time, the air discharged from the drying chamber into the combustion chamber is discharged into the atmosphere together with the combustion gas (however, this can also be discharged elsewhere).

Compared to the case where the exhaust air is directly released into the atmosphere, the heat loss increases by the difference in the amount of heat in the exhaust air, specifically, the difference in the amount of heat at the combustion chamber inlet and the amount of heat at the chimney outlet.

The dryer of the present invention has a certain effect to compensate for this heat loss.

In addition to the above-mentioned deodorizing effect, it also contributes to improving the quality of the product.

In this embodiment, in order to make the temperature in the drying room more uniform, radiation heat transfer to the object to be dried is carried out more in the lower part, and hot air heat transfer is carried out more in the upper part.

The amount of radiant heat is determined by the surface temperature of the radiant heat transfer surface if the walls are made of the same material.

Therefore, the wall surface temperature near the burner flame is high, and the amount of radiant heat in the upper part where the combustion gas temperature decreases is small.

On the other hand, the temperature of the hot air is blown into the drying chamber from the top, so the temperature of the hot air at the top is high, lowering the temperature while giving heat to the dried products.
The structure is such that the air enters the heating chamber again from the bottom where the temperature has dropped the most.

Even with the above considerations, there is still a risk of locally high temperature areas occurring.

If the wall surface near the flame rises to 800 degrees Celsius (the temperature at which it starts to become red-hot), dry goods near it will absorb a large amount of radiant heat, and if it is a fish, it will become like grilled fish.

This makes it unsuitable for drying.

In this way, air from the drying chamber is introduced into the combustion chamber to prevent the wall temperature from rising too high, to reduce temperature differences between different parts of the wall, and to make the quality of the product more uniform. At the same time, the heat transfer surface of the high-temperature part is air-cooled to lower the wall surface temperature around the flame.

As a result, the amount of heat transferred from the flame to the surrounding wall surface decreases, and a mixture of air and combustion gas with more heat flows to the downstream heat transfer surface, causing the cooling air to rise above the temperature of the heat transfer surface. Therefore, the wall temperature of the downstream heat transfer surface is difficult to decrease.

Therefore, the temperature difference between each part of the radiation heat transfer surface is reduced.

If cooling air is not introduced, the maximum temperature of the wall will be 900℃.
If the lowest temperature is 300°C, the amount of radiant heat radiated from the 900°C section is 17.6 times the radiant heat radiated from the wall at 300°C.

On the other hand, if we assume that by introducing cooling air the maximum temperature becomes 500℃ and the minimum temperature becomes 300℃, the highest part will radiate 3.3 times more radiant heat than the lowest part, and the difference will be large. to shrink.

The dryer of the present invention is more compact than most known dryers, requires less installation space, and can be installed at low cost.

Many known dryers have separate drying chambers and warm air fans, requiring hot air duct construction on site, but the dryer of the present invention has a hot air generator and a drying chamber integrated, and the blower If the air circulation passageway between the blower and the dryer is also installed integrally with the dryer in the factory, the main components of the dryer can be Since it can be easily integrated in the factory, there is less installation work required, and the material and labor costs are lower than if the hot air fan and drying room were manufactured separately, making it cheaper to manufacture, so it is more efficient than conventional dryers. Can be manufactured and installed at low cost.

The functional effects of the dryer of the present invention described above will be further explained in comparison with other conventional techniques.

There are many types and shapes of known drying devices.
Known prior art that is similar in that the drying chamber and heat generating device are integrally formed, which is one of the features of the dryer of the present invention, includes (a) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-47654; )
Utility Model Application No. 51-134267, (c) Utility Model Application No. 51-15
No. 7058, etc., but (a) is a non-indirect heating method in which combustion gas is directly introduced into the drying chamber, and differs from the dryer of the present invention in that it uses a catalyst for deodorization, and (b) is similar. The dryer of the present invention differs from the dryer of the present invention in that it uses a non-indirect heating method and uses activated carbon for deodorization, and (c) differs from the dryer of the present invention in that it uses a non-indirect heating method and does not perform deodorization.

Therefore, the above (a), (b), and (c) do not have the measures 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 3-2, etc. mentioned at the beginning, and can improve the quality of dried products, save energy, etc. In this respect, it is inferior to the present invention.

There are very few known drying devices that perform drying by converting combustion heat into infrared rays, but among the small number of prior art, (d) JP-A-51-53662 is considered to be the closest to the drying device of the present invention, so we will compare it here. The effects and features of this invention will be described below.

(d) The combustion chamber is located under the floor at the bottom of the drying chamber, and fuel is burned in the combustion chamber to heat the drying chamber floor (upper board of the combustion chamber) and generate infrared rays from the floor to heat the various items in the drying chamber. However, the combustion gas is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port at the exit of the combustion chamber.

On the other hand, the air in the drying chamber is sent from the top of the drying chamber into the combustion chamber by a blower and deodorized by combustion.

As mentioned above, (d) and the present invention are equivalent in that the drying chamber and combustion chamber are integrated, generate infrared rays, and perform combustion escape, but (d) is the same as (1) hot air (2) Do not use the wall of the combustion chamber or combustion gas passage that does not face the drying chamber as a heat transfer surface for air heating; (3) The infrared ray generating surface should be on the floor, not on the side of the drying chamber. There are certain differences, such as.

Due to the difference (1), the present invention has the advantage that air is forced to convect, so the temperature inside the drying chamber becomes more uniform, and heat exchange with the dried product is further promoted.

According to the second difference, the present invention has a larger heat transfer area and can lower the temperature of the exhaust gas, so it is more efficient.

Due to difference 3, the present invention allows drying using a trolley, but it is difficult to dry using a trolley in the prior art (d).

As described above, the present invention is a previously unknown dryer that operates and drives the deodorizing function, infrared ray generation mechanism, and indirectly heated warm air generation mechanism using a single combustion device that is integrated with the drying chamber. By organically combining methods such as circulating hot air and introducing exhaust air from the drying chamber into the combustion chamber, we can uniformly heat dried products and save energy. This system achieved the results described at the beginning, such as preventing the generation of bad odors and simplifying and compacting the device.

The above are the mechanical effects of this invention. If the dryer of this invention becomes widespread, the distribution process of dried fish will be improved, and it will be possible to supply inexpensive and high-quality dried fish to consumers, and it will also be possible to make effective use of fish. be.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The accompanying drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of FIG. 1. 3 to 5 show a second embodiment, in which FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view, and FIG. 5 is a plan view. It should be noted that FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating an example of how the first embodiment is used in connection. 1... Gas burner, 2... Combustion chamber and combustion gas passage, 2'... Flue, 3...
Drying room (heating room), 4.6... Wall surface (for heat transfer)
, 5... Air heating chamber, 7... Chimney, 8
...Aisle, 9...Blower, 10...
...hole (for air intake), 11...hole (for moisture absorption air discharge).

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] (1) Inside a box-shaped room that is sealed and insulated from the outside,
Two partition plates are provided to partition the chamber vertically at intervals, and the space between the partition plates is used as a combustion chamber and combustion gas passage for a burner separately provided outside, and the partition plate is used to transmit infrared radiation, etc. The space on both sides consisting of the partition plate, indoor wall, ceiling, floor surface, etc. is used as a heating chamber as a heating surface, and a blower is installed near the outer wall of the dryer, and an air passage connecting both heating chambers in series or in parallel, an air circulation passageway for circulating air in the heating chamber; the thermal combustion chamber and the combustion gas passageway are provided with an opening for introducing air from below into the heating chamber; and a chimney for discharging combustion gas from above to the outside; An opening is provided in the air intake passage of the blower to introduce outside air, and the air heated by the partition plate during air circulation and the infrared rays emitted from the partition plate into the heating chamber are used to heat and dry various items. Air dryer. (2) A space sealed from the outside and insulated from the outside is provided on the side of the outer wall or the outer surface of the ceiling of the dryer, a flue with a heat transfer surface for heating the air is provided within the space, and a combustion chamber and combustion chamber consisting of side partition plates, etc. are provided. The exhaust passage is constructed so that the exhaust gas exiting the gas passage passes through the flue having the heat transfer surface for heating the air and then is discharged from the chimney, and the part of the space other than the flue part is air-filled. A utility model in which an air circulation passage is provided which serves as a heating chamber, and connects the air heating chamber in series with a blower and a heating chamber on the side of a partition plate, thereby repeatedly circulating the air in the order of the heating chamber, the blower, the heating chamber, and the blower. An infrared dryer according to claim 1.