JPS5912765A - Method and device for crushing ores - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method and apparatus for crushing earth and rock mined from mountains, riverbeds, etc. into granular solid materials of good quality such as sand that can be used as concrete IJ aggregate. It is related to.

Generally, as aggregate river sand for civil engineering and construction, it is required that impurities such as organic matter on the surface of ordinary sand be removed and washed, and that the sand has good cleaning properties, and the JIS standards also specify the grades of aggregate.

As a device to meet these demands, a sand washing machine has been proposed, for example, which is equipped with a pressurized water injection nozzle in a rotary classifier and sprays or sprays pressurized water onto the sand after classification to rinse the sand. Among the soil and organic matter on the sand surface, substances that are relatively easy to peel off can be removed = I ability, but those that are firmly attached to the sand can hardly be removed and the grade is extremely low, which is a problem.

Especially recently, the extraction of river sand has been restricted due to the river environment, and there is also a quantitative limit, so there is a demand for the use of mountain sand, which has large reserves. Although there are relatively few problems, in the case of mountain sand, in terms of quality it can only be used as road aggregate river sand, and in many cases it cannot be used as concrete river sand. This is because there is a large amount of extremely brittle light stone mixed in the mountain sand, and because the mountain sand has accumulated over many years, it is difficult to remove and sort impurities using the classifier, and the commercial value of the sand is extremely low. There were some shortcomings.

- Also, among these impurities, iron sand and biotite are difficult to remove by magnetic separation or other classification and washing processes, and significantly reduce the quality of the sand.Furthermore, surface deposits of ores are weathered on the surface. In many cases, such as sea sand, the weathered surface is impregnated with salt and cannot be used as concrete sand no matter how much water is washed, and the weathered part also contains a large amount of air and other impurities, so the amount of air mixed into the concrete. In reality, the commercial value was low due to the increased amount of impurities.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing method and an apparatus therefor which can accurately eliminate these conventional problems and obtain a granular solid material such as aggregate river sand with extremely good cleanability using extremely simple means. It is something.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an effective method and apparatus for producing sand of extremely good quality as concrete sand by eliminating iron and biotite, which are difficult to separate and remove, as well as salt and air content. There is a particular thing.

Furthermore, the present invention makes effective use of the mixed media, and uses the media not only as a crushing agent but also as one of the raw materials for the product to improve the quality of the sand obtained as a product, and especially as a raw material for glass, foundry sand, or iron-making work. Another object of the present invention is to provide an effective method and apparatus for easily obtaining finely powdered silica sand of uniform particle size for use as an acetylation inhibitor.

The present invention involves mixing media having a hardness equal to or greater than the hardness of the material to be crushed into the material to be crushed, and compressing the flexible channel while allowing a solid flow to pass through the flexible channel. The material is deformed and handled to create a crushing action between the objects to be crushed or with the media to atomize the object to be crushed and led out from the flexible flow path, and then the medium is transformed into fine particles of the processed object to be crushed. This is a method of earth and sand crushing that is characterized by separation treatment from chemical substances.

Still, the features of the present invention include a mixing mechanism for the material to be crushed and the media;
a flexible flow path connected to the mixing mechanism; a suppression mechanism that presses and deforms the flexible flow path while maintaining a gap at all times; The present invention includes a moving mechanism that advances the media and the object to be crushed that is handled while being crushed and deformed and fills and flows through the flexible flow path, and is equipped with a mechanism that separates the media from the object that has been subjected to the crushing process. An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing device characterized by the following.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

A material to be crushed 2 such as earth and sand mixed with liquid 1 of water or other grinding fluid, or a material to be crushed 2 such as the liquid 1 and the material to be crushed 2 are introduced separately into a mixing tank, for example, a hopper 4, and the material to be crushed is introduced into the hopper 4. For example, a medium 3 having a hardness equal to or higher than that of the material to be crushed is mixed in, and then crushed in a crushing step 5 to pulverize the material to be crushed. Separate wastewater and micro-flow solids by washing with water and utilizing the sedimentation separation effect. In this washing step, impurities such as iron and biotite, which were pulverized in the crushing step, are removed together with the waste water 8, and the solid sand grains as a product are led to the separation step 9 together with the media. In this separation step 9, the product sand 10 and the media 3' having a uniform particle size are separated by sieve sorting using, for example, a vibrating sieve, and the separated media 3' is transferred to the hopper 4.
It is designed to be recycled and reused. In this case, when the medium 3' is the same as the material to be crushed 2 and has a large particle size, for example, when a silica sand block is used, the crushing step 5
The crushed media 3 is obtained as a part of the product as it is, and those with a large particle size are conveniently used again as media in the next crushing process. The mixture is mixed with the crushed material and allowed to flow through the flexible flow path, and the flexible flow path is compressed and deformed, thereby causing a crushing effect between the crushed materials and the media. The mixed amount of Media 3 is such that the media porosity is 30% (
If the volume is less than 70 cm (volume %), crushing action will not occur.If the volume is 70 cm or more (volume %), the throughput will be small and it is not practical. It is suitable to treat within a range of preferably 50 to 70q6. In addition, increasing the crushing degree by increasing the amount of media 3 will increase the particle size and reduce the processing area, while decreasing the amount of media will cause the opposite phenomenon.
Since the hardness varies depending on the hardness, consideration should be given to selecting the optimum conditions accordingly.

In addition, when using the media 3 having the same hardness as the material 2 to be crushed, it is also a matter to be considered that the media 3 should have at least a large particle size so that the crushing operation can be carried out efficiently.

The device used in the crushing step 5 is a device in which a part of the inner wall of the casing 11 is formed with a fixed curved surface in the shape of an arc that bulges outward in the height direction, and an elastic tube 12 such as a synthetic resin or rubber hose is used. The supply port 13 opens at a position lower than the discharge port 14 to provide a rising flow path, and the flexible flow path is deformable so as to reduce the cross-sectional area perpendicular to its axis. The support is provided along the arcuate curved surface of the casing 11.

Further, inside the casing 11, the tube 12
It is supported by a stator such as a bolt on the arcuate curved surface of the
A part of the gap d (hereinafter referred to as the suppression surface) facing the gap d (hereinafter referred to as the support surface) is pressed so as not to completely close it but to form a narrow part of the gap d.
The materials to be crushed and the media filling the tube 12 are rolled toward the tube 12, and together with the grinding fluid, friction is generated between the coated minerals.
A disk-shaped rotor 15 is provided as a mechanism for moving the second rotation in the direction from the supply port 13 to the discharge port 14, and a plurality of rollers 16, for example, six rollers 16 or pressing protrusions are provided on the circumference of the rotor 15. The rotors 15 are arranged to protrude from the circumference at equal intervals and are rotatably arranged so as to press the suppressing surface of the tube 12, and the rollers 16 and the arcuate curved surface of the casing 11 create a constant gap d in the tube 12. It is designed to be compressed and deformed while being held.

In this case, at least one of the circumferential surface of the roller 16 and the suppressing surface of the tube 12 may be subjected to appropriate surface processing such as uneven processing to prevent slipping, or tooth patterns that mesh with each other may be provided. It is also preferable to provide a guide projecting inside the casing 11 to prevent deformation in the longitudinal direction.

This gap d is in the range of 10 to 50% of the inner diameter of the tube 12, and the gap d is gradually increased from the supply port 13 to the discharge port 14 to prevent the backflow of the polished ore toward the supply port 13 side. This is to prevent it. A liner 17 made of lychee or spring material, which can be displaced with a plate bolt, is interposed between the casing 11 and the tube 12 as a mechanism for adjusting the gap d, that is, increasing or decreasing the cross-sectional area of the tube 12. Although the gap d between the tubes 12 can be adjusted by moving the contact surface of the casing 11 with respect to the elastic tube 12, it is also possible to omit the liner 17 by making the arcuate curved surface of the casing 11 itself movable. It is also possible to change the diameter of the suppression mechanism or the axial center position of the rotor instead of moving 12.

The supply port 13 includes a hopper 18 that mixes and stores the crushed material 2 to be passed through the tube 12, the grinding fluid 1, and the media 3.
The discharge port 14 is opened at a position lower than the storage level of the hopper 18, and the polishing liquid is always overflowing from the discharge port 14 due to the head difference, thereby ensuring smooth movement of the ore material to be polished. Efforts are being made to remove spilled debris such as debris and sludge.

When introducing the polished ore material into the supply port 13, it is desirable to suppress air intrusion.
Since the opening is at the bottom of the tube 8, the material to be crushed in the tube 12 and the media can be introduced naturally by moving toward the discharge port 14, but it is necessary to promote smooth introduction and prevent the bridging phenomenon. Part of the side wall of Posopa 18 is made of elastic material 18
It is also effective to form the elastic material by applying pressure to the elastic material to generate pulsation, or to apply vibration using an exciter.

The discharge port 14 is equipped with a variable discharge resistance mechanism such as a discharge amount ^iM adjustment 0 button, and an open/close lid 19 is provided as necessary to prevent sudden discharge of the material to be crushed and to prevent the tube 12 from being discharged. Inside, the object to be crushed is subjected to frictional crushing action along with the media due to its resistance. In this case, the opening/closing lid 19 can be fixed by changing its position relative to the discharge port 14 using an adjustment screw, or a variable throttle member may be used.

As the polishing liquid, water, washing water, viscous liquid, or other liquid containing polishing agent or media may be used.
8 is provided with a liquid supply mechanism for supplying polishing liquid, but it is also possible to recycle and use the washed and separated media.

Further, the polishing liquid is passed by a head differential or forced pressure feeding means, and a roller or rotor that rolls while handling the elastic tube 12 is used as a moving mechanism, but a chain drive or a form of reciprocating mechanical force is used as a moving mechanism. You can also choose to do so.

In addition, the support surface and the suppression surface can be set so that the pinching deformation of the chips 12 and 12 becomes meandering, and instead of applying force to the support surface only from the direction of the suppression surface, both sides can be used as a suppression surface. In addition to applying pressure in opposing directions and making the support surface uneven, in addition to the flexible flow path made only of elastic material, the fixed wall surface that becomes the support surface and the elasticity of the suppressing surface A cylindrical body consisting of a wall portion may also be used. Incidentally, it is also possible to provide grooves with irregularities in the inner circumferential wall of the elastic tube 12 in the longitudinal direction or radial direction so that a constant gap CI is partially maintained in the tube when the duplex 12 is compressed.

Although a single type has been described in which the crushing device configured as in 1-1 is used as a unit, a double type may be used in which the discharge port 4 is connected to another adjacent hopper 18 or elastic tube 12 for repeated circulation processing. It is possible to set the elastic bar 12 in a substantially spiral shape and repeat the lift suppression movement many times, or to install multiple units in parallel, but if there are multiple suppression surfaces, the rotor or roller or rotation It is also convenient to share the shaft and operate with a single drive machine.

The row 21.6 Fi that is pressed against the elastic tube 12
A plurality of wear-resistant synthetic resin or rubber rollers are rotatably supported on rotors or arms, and at least one roller presses the elastic tube 12 from the outside to deform it, and the upper and lower sides of the flow path It handles each roller 16 while maintaining a gap that communicates with the other side, and each roller 16 is connected to a gear 16'.
and a chain transmission member of the chino 16', and are arranged so as to be freely relocatable. Furthermore, each roller 16 has an elastic tube 12
In order to be able to attach and detach the tube to the casing 11 and replace it, it is constructed so that it can be moved toward and away from the elastic tube 12 or can be detached.

In addition, this chino 16'' is hung endlessly on a gear 16' coaxial with the pressing roller 16, and a support arm is used to fix the chino 16'' so that it does not rotate. is equipped with an anchor.

The discharge port 14 of the elastic tube 12 is connected to a washing tank 27 via a hose or a pipe line, and the washing water 7 is supplied to the discharge port 14 of the elastic tube 12 to separate the material 2 and the media 3 by washing and sedimentation. It is preferable that the treated product after washing with water is used as it is, or after a dehydration step, it is passed through a vibrating sieve to separate the media 3 from the pulverized product.

In the figure, 20 is a motor, 21 is a rotating shaft, 22 is a chino, 23
is the crank mechanism, 24 is the fulcrum of the leaf spring liner 17, 25
26 is a roller support shaft, 28 is a drain pipe, 29 is an overflow wall, 3o is a support leg,
31 is a wear-resistant synthetic resin ring, 32 is a roller shaft, 33
34 is a bearing, 34 is a pivot pin, 35 is a mounting plate, 36 is a guide groove, and 37 is a mounting bolt.

The materials 2 to be crushed, such as sand and gravel, and the media 3 flow into the elastic tube 12 from the hopper 18 in the flow of the grinding liquid, and are crushed by the pressure between the rollers 16 and the arcuate curved surface of the casing 11. Since the phenomenon in which the narrow part of the green weed gap d continuously moves from the supply port 13 to the discharge port 14 due to the transfer of the row 216 occurs intermittently, the material to be crushed is crushed by the crushing action caused by the pressure of the roller 16 and by gravity. Due to the extrusion progress movement including the lifting process against the pressure, the mixed media 3 are rubbed against each other and crushed, and the substance to be peeled attached around the particles is peeled off, and the angular particles are rounded and become brittle. The granules are ground and discharged from the discharge port 14 together with the grinding fluid. In this case, the opening/closing lid 19 provided on the discharge port 14 adds resistance to the discharge,
The rubbing action between the material to be crushed in the tube 12 and the media causes appropriate crushing and makes it possible to pulverize the material.

In this case, the elastic tube is made of a material with strong wear resistance, but it is a consumable item after all, and when it wears out, the tube 12 and roller 16 can be removed by removing the side wall of the casing 11 or inserting and removing the elastic tube.
The pressure on the elastic tube can be removed by any appropriate means, such as removing the roller 16 from the rotor or arm, sliding or displacing the rotating shaft, moving the arm to release the pressure on the elastic tube, etc. , release the compression and remove the elastic tube 12 from the arcuate curved surface of the casing 11;
Can be easily replaced and updated.

In addition, when the material to be crushed 2 was processed with the same crushing equipment, silica sand was handled as the raw material, and silica sand with a particle size of 6 to 7X was used as the media 3, and the results of Tomoba Imatsugu were obtained using the media 3.1 The present invention provides a crushing action of the deformation of the flexible channel due to the squeezing force when the material to be crushed and the media flow through the flexible channel, and a crushing effect between the particles of the material to be crushed and the media due to the progressive movement of extrusion. Through repeated collisions, the particles shatter and rub against each other, resulting in angular particles that are cut into 9-inch pieces, foreign substances stuck around them are peeled off, and light stones are crushed and can be discharged with the effluent. It is possible to continuously and easily obtain extremely high quality granular solids such as sand or gravel without adhesion and fragile granules from sand or gravel, and iron, which is difficult to separate and remove from sand and ores. It is possible to eliminate the weathered substances and oxides that are attached to the sand particles, rather than the black powder, and eliminates salt and air content, making it extremely good quality sand for concrete, and it is not mixed in. The media can be used not only for crushing purposes but also as part of the raw material for products, greatly increasing work efficiency and converting it into concrete river sand with high commercial value, enabling practical economical and energy-saving treatment and maintenance management. This has extremely useful effects in practice, such as simplifying the process.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a system explanatory diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the crusher, Fig. 3 is a front view, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line II in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the crusher. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■■, FIG. 6 is a rear view thereof, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■■ in FIG. 5. ■...liquid, 2.object to be crushed, 3,3'...medea, 4
...hopper, 5... crushing process, 6... water washing process,
7...Washing water, 8...Sewage, 9...Separation process, 1
0... Product sand, 11... Casing, 12... Elastic tube, 13... Supply port, 14... Discharge port, 15
...Rotor, 16...Roller, 16'...Gear, 1
(...Ceno, 17...Raina, 18...Hoppa,
18'...Elastic material, 19...Opening/closing lid. Patent Applicant: Ebara Koki Co., Ltd. Teru Hasatani Jitsukai
Tsutomu Hisakado, Patent Attorney
1) Minoru ■- Figure 5■] μ

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] l. A medium having a hardness equal to or greater than the hardness of the material to be crushed is mixed into the material to be crushed and is allowed to flow through the flexible flow path, while The flow path is compressed and deformed,
After creating a crushing action between the objects to be crushed or between the objects to be crushed and the media, the objects to be crushed are atomized and led out from the flexible channel, and then the media are separated from the processed atomized materials of the objects to be crushed. A soil crushing method characterized by: 2. The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the media is of the same quality as the material to be crushed. 3. The crushing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the media is mixed with the material to be crushed in a range of 50 to 70 inches (volume %). 4. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the media is treated with silica sand having a particle size larger than that of the material to be crushed. 5. The crushing step is a process in which the flexible flow channel is compressed and deformed under a state in which a gap is always maintained in the flow channel by a crushing action, and the crushed material is crushed in the flexible flow channel. 5. A crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material and the media are processed by flowing through them under a liquid stream. 6. In the crushing step, the object to be crushed is stored in advance in a state immersed in a liquid together with media, and is sequentially moved and introduced together with the liquid to the inlet of the flexible channel, and The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crushing method is performed by sequentially enlarging the gap under pressure deformation in the discharge direction. 7. In the pinching and deforming step, the elastic tube is pinched between the inner circumferential surface of the casing and the suppression roller, and the material to be crushed in the elastic tube is massaged between the media and transferred to the discharge side. A crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crushing method is one in which the pieces are sent out sequentially. 8. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the media separation step, the crushed material and the sieved material are treated after washing with water. 9. The media separation step is a process in which media is removed from the pulverized material to be crushed, and the media is recycled and reused in a media mixing step that is introduced into the crushing step. The crushing method described in Scope 8, 10. A state in which the method includes a mixing mechanism for mixing the material to be crushed and media, and a flexible flow path connected to the mixing mechanism, and a gap is maintained in the flexible flow path at all times. a suppression mechanism that compresses and deforms the flexible flow path downward; and a material to be crushed that is handled while being crushed and deformed by the pressing mechanism, and is filled and flows through the flexible flow path;
A moving mechanism for moving the media forward, and a mechanism for separating the media from the crushed object! Characteristic crushing equipment. 11. Claim 10, wherein the mixing mechanism is a hopper that mixes and stores the material to be crushed and media, and is equipped with a liquid supply mechanism that continuously introduces grinding liquid into the hopper. The device described. (2) The flexible flow path is an elastic tube that is clamped by a pressing mechanism consisting of rollers made of abrasion-resistant synthetic resin, and has an adjusting mechanism that can increase or decrease the cross-sectional area inside the tube when it is compressed by the suppressing mechanism. 12. The device according to claim 10 or 11, comprising: ]3. The suppression mechanism includes a roller that is in pressure contact with the aforementioned flexible flow path and is rotatably supported on a rotor or an arm, and at least one roller is in pressure contact with the flexible flow path from the outside. 13. A device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, which deforms the flow path while maintaining a gap communicating with the north upstream side of the flow path. 14. Claim 10, wherein the suppression mechanism includes a rotor that supports a plurality of rollers, and each roller is connected by a chain transmission member so that it can be moved freely.
The device according to any one of items 1 to 13. 15. The suppression mechanism has a roller that is pressed against the elastic tube and is rotatably supported on a rotor or an arm, and has a conversion mechanism that allows the roller to move toward and away from the elastic tube, The device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the elastic tube is detachable. 16. Claim 13, wherein the moving mechanism is a rotor or an arm rotated by a drive device, and is configured to transport the suppressing roller onto the elastic tube continuously under a suppressed state using a transmission member. 16. The apparatus according to any one of items 15 to 15. 17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the separation mechanism is a settling tank connected to the outlet of the flexible flow path and supplying washing water. . ]8. 17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the separation mechanism is a vibrating sieve that sieves the processed material washed with water.