JPS5888791A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an electronic musical instrument that generates musical tones using a sine wave synthesis method, which compresses envelope information and generates musical tone signals that resemble natural musical instrument sounds.

Conventionally, when trying to generate a musical tone that closely resembles the sound of a natural instrument using sine wave synthesis, a sine wave signal with a fundamental frequency and a number of sine wave signals corresponding to frequencies that are integral multiples of the fundamental frequency are generated, and then The desired musical tone was obtained by independently combining the envelope full signals for each of them by one digit. However, according to this method, it is necessary to generate an envelope signal individually for each sine wave signal, so a huge amount of envelope information is required.

If we consider the timbre of natural instruments here, the timbre of natural instruments is determined by the fundamental wave and its harmonics.

Usually, higher harmonics have a much lower level than lower harmonics, and their contribution to tone is smaller. However, if we do not incorporate these high-order harmonics when creating musical tones, the result will be a sound that is far from a dull natural musical instrument sound. Furthermore, natural musical instrument sounds usually have a distinctive characteristic in their rising part, and in this part, higher-order harmonics often have a level of kana V.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument that compresses envelope information and generates musical sound signals that are similar to natural musical instrument sounds.

The invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an instant example of an electronic musical instrument made by an uninvented invention.

Figure 1 f: To explain, 1-1 to 1-n are envelope 1
This memory stores envelope information corresponding to the musical tone signal to be generated. In this embodiment, the capacity of envelope memory 1-1 consists of 128 pieces of data from address O to address 12727, as shown in FIG. This is the attack part of the musical tone, and is shown in section 2 from 32 to 86.
The area up to the address is the sustain capital of the musical tone, and is indicated by section 3.
Addresses n 87 to 127 are the release portion. In order to simplify the description below, n of envelope memory 1-1 is
The contents of the envelope information in the address will be expressed as DH(n+).Envelope information similar to the envelope information shown in FIG. 2 is also stored in the envelope memo 1J1-n.

2-1 to 2-m are also envelope memories. As shown in FIG. 3, the contents of the envelope memory 2-1 consist of 32 pieces of data from address O to address 31, and only information on the attack portion of musical tones is stored. The envelope memory 2-m also stores envelope information having the same amount of information as the envelope information shown in FIG. Note that in this embodiment, envelope memories 1-1 to
1-n, 2-1 to 2-m are converted into tezibel values, f
The envelope information of the value is memorized. 3-1~
3-m is a subtracter that subtracts a predetermined value from the input signal. In this embodiment, the subtracter 3-1 is (Dl-1
(31) -D2-1 (31) l is subtracted from the input signal, and the subtracter 3-m is (Dl-1(31)-D2-m
(31) ) is subtracted from the input signal. As is clear from these equations, all of the subtracters 3-1 to 3-m are D
l-1 (31) and D2-1 (31) ~ Dz-m (3
Subtract the difference in 1) from each n input.

4-1 to 4-m are selectors which select and output either the M terminal or the B terminal in accordance with the signal applied to the C terminal. In this embodiment, when a "0" is given to the C terminal, the signals given to the respective input terminals are output, and when "1" is given, the signals are output to the respective B terminals. 6 is an address control circuit, which sends an address signal Ac to the envelope memories 1-1 to 1-n and 2-1 to 2-mVC based on a key press signal KO given by a key press. , reads the envelope information.Also, sends a control signal CO to the selectors 4-1 to 4-m.

6 is an opening/closing signal generator, which generates 1 as an opening/closing signal in response to a key press signal.

Note that the address signal AC sent out by the address control circuit 6
and key press signal 1-0. 1 for control signal CO and open/close signal
The relationship is as shown in Figure 4.

That is, when the key is pressed, the key press signal Ko becomes "1"',
Address signal Ac first outputs “0”, then IT
11I, n 2 IT, "3", etc., the count up is sequentially performed, but the key release time is the address signal A.
.

The opening/closing signal has a different value of 1 before and after the value reaches "86", that is, depending on whether reading of section 2 has been completed in the V-envelope memory 1-1. In FIG. 4A, the value of the address signal kc at the time of key release is 86''.
This is the case before .

When the key is pressed 9 and the key press signal KO becomes 1'', the address signal Ac starts from 0 and is counted up sequentially. Also, if the open/close signal is 1, the address signal AC becomes 0. When the key press signal KO becomes "○", the maximum value is outputted, and when the key press signal KO becomes "○", it gradually attenuates in synchronization with the address signal AQ.

By the way, when the value of the address signal AC becomes "86" while the key is still suppressed σnfc, the value of the V address signal AcO stops at "86" as shown in FIG. In addition, in the fourth case where no new key is pressed after the key is released, the value of the address signal &, counts up to 127'' and then stops. On the other hand, the interval close signal 1 rises to its maximum value in synchronization with the address signal AQ at the same time as the key is pressed, but does not fall even after the key is released, and always maintains a constant value. On the other hand, the control signal co is ``regardless of the length of the key press, and when the address signal AcO value is between ``0'' and ``31''.
0", and "1" between "32" and "127".

The above is 1 for the address signal ko control signal GO and the open/close signal output by the address control circuit 6 and the open/close signal generator 6.
This is an explanation about.

γ-1 to 7-n and 9-1 to 8-m are sine wave generators that generate sine wave signals. In this embodiment, the frequency of the sine wave signals generated by the sine wave generators 7-1 to 7-n and 9-1 to 8-m is determined by the sine wave generator 7-1, which is the reference sine wave generator. It is an integer multiple of the signal frequency, that is, it is a harmonic.

Multipliers 9-1 to 9-n and 10-1 to 10n multiply two input signals and output a musical sound waveform. Note that in this embodiment, the envelope memory 1-1
Since the envelope information stored in ~1-n and 2-1 to 2-m is in defbel display, after performing decibel/linear conversion of the envelope information by reading the ROM, the product with the sine wave signal is It is something to take. 1
1 is an adder, and multipliers 9-1 to 9-n, 10-1 to
10-m outputs are added. 12 is a switch;
The output of the adder 11 is opened or closed based on the switching signal. 13 is a DAC (digital/child 1 degree analog converter).

Next, the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 1 will be explained with reference to FIG.

When the key press signal KO rises due to the key press, FIG.

As shown in FIG.
The opening/closing signal generator 6 sends 1 as the opening/closing signal. As a result, first, the envelope memory 1-1 outputs an envelope signal based on the read signal. The envelope memory 2-1 also outputs an envelope signal (FIG. 6B). The signal output from the envelope memory 1-1 is multiplied by the sine wave signal generated by the sine wave generator 7-1 in the multiplier 9-1, and sent to the adder 11. The output of envelope memory 2-1 is given to selector 4-1. Here, when the address signal after key depression is "O" to "31", the control signal Go is "0" as described above, so the selector 4-1 selects the output of the envelope "memory 2-1", and the multiplier Next, when the key continues to be suppressed and the address signal 10 becomes "32", the control signal c becomes "1" 11. Therefore, the selector 4-1 is input to the B terminal. The output of subtracter 3-1 is selected and sent.
-1 output will be considered using FIG. As mentioned above, the subtracter 3-1 extracts (D l-1(31)-
D2-1(31)) is subtracted.

Therefore, when the address signal Ac indicates "32", the output of the subtracters 3 to 1 is D"-1(32)-(D1-1(31)-D2-1
(31N2D2-1(31) -(Dl-1(32)-
Dl-1 (31)) (Fig. 5A). When the address signal is “31”, the output of selector 4-1 is D2-1 (:
31), so when the address signal becomes "32", (DI-1(32)-Dl-1(al) 1
The output of the minute bamboo selector 4-1 will be compared to the father.

This is the same amount of change in the output of the envelope 1 memory 1-1 when the selector 4-1 switches the output. Therefore, the output of selector 4-1 is turned off! It can be seen that the envelope signals of the output σn are smoothly connected in the 11-movement mode (Fig. 6c and 231τ). In this way, envelope memory 2?8 Kaisho 58-88791
(4) Even though there is envelope information only for the attack part of the musical tone in -1, it is possible to generate a smooth envelope signal from the selector 4-1 to the sustain part and the release part. The output of the selector 4-1 is sent to the multiplier 10-1, and the sine wave generator 8-
The sine wave generated by 1 and the multiplication are combined and sent to the adder 11.

Similarly, the other multipliers 9-n and 10-m output sine wave signals obtained by combining the envelope signals, and the adder 11 adds them.

As mentioned above, the sine wave generators 7-1 to 7-n, 8-1 to 8
Since the frequency of the signal outputted by m is in a harmonic relationship, the output of the adder 11 is synthesized into a sine wave in which each harmonic has an independent envelope.

On the other hand, when the key press signal KO becomes "1", 1 rises in the open/close signal as shown in FIG. The switch 12 sends the output of the adder 11 to the DAC 13 without attenuating the output of the adder 11.
Then, the key press signal KO becomes °°0''' 3. If the address signal AcO value output by the address control 111 circuit 6 at this point is smaller than 86'', the open/close signal is set to 1 as described above. begins to decline. Therefore, the output of the switch 12 attenuates as the switching signal increases.

As described above, the musical tone signal attenuates at the same time as the key is released.

Further, when the address signal AC at the time of key release is "87" and "87", the opening/closing signal does not change as shown in FIG. 4B.

However, since the address open side 1 circuit 6 reads out the release part (section 3) in the envelope memories 1-1 to 1-n, the output of the adder 11 is attenuated. Therefore, the output of the switch 12 also decreases. The output of this switch 12 is converted into an analog musical tone signal by DA013 and output.

Considering the output of the adder 11, at the rising edge of the musical tone signal, the sine wave generators 7-1 to 7-n
, 8-1 to 8-m all generate envelope signals independently by multiplying and combining them, resulting in four colors of sounds that are very similar to natural musical instrument sounds. Also, in the steady portion (sustain portion), the low-order harmonics are sequentially read out from the envelope memories 1-1 to 1-n, so that the natural musical instrument sound is not impaired. In addition, in the case of higher harmonics, the formant is maintained and they undergo fluctuations in the same way as the fundamental wave, so there is no unnaturalness in the music, and since the level is already small, it is different from natural instrument sounds. is not noticeable.

In the above explanation, all the envelope information after the sustain part for high-order harmonics is generated using the envelope information of the fundamental wave. It goes without saying that envelope information may also be used.

In addition, the envelope information of the sustain section 1u descending for higher-order harmonics is set so that some harmonics are generated using the envelope information of the fundamental wave, and others are generated using envelope information other than the fundamental wave. You can do it like this. In addition, envelope memories 2-1 to 2-m [in this case, only the ac and tuk portions of musical tones are stored,
Part of the attack part and 16 sustain part may be stored, or depending on the musical tone, some or all of the high-order harmonic envelope information from the attack part to the release part may be stored as a low-order harmonic. The higher-order envelope memory may be omitted by using the envelope information of . Conversely, it goes without saying that even for high-order harmonics, envelope information for all of the attack section, sustain section, and release section may be stored in the envelope memory.

In addition, for those that need to generate a sine wave signal below a certain level, regardless of the harmonic order, part or all of the envelope memory can be omitted and the envelope signal can be generated using other information. It goes without saying that this may be allowed to occur.

In addition, envelope memories 1-1 to 1- in FIG.
n, instead of 2-1 to 2-m, envelope memory 1-1 and interpolation port JP-A'H5B-8 as shown in FIG.
8791(5) The operation shown in FIG. 6 will be explained together with the output waveforms of the envelope memory 1-1 and the interpolation circuit 14 shown in FIG.

The operation of causing the address control circuit 6 to generate the address signal AC in response to the key press signal KO and reading envelope information from the envelope memory 1-1 is the same as that shown in FIG. When the envelope 1 memory 1 outputs envelope signals at time intervals as shown in FIG. 7a, the interpolation circuit 14 supplements the envelope signals at intervals of .tau./4 based on the envelope signals. This allows the frequency of the clock signal to be lowered and the capacity of the envelope memory to be reduced.

Further, the interpolation circuit 14 may be provided after the envelope memory 1-1 as shown in FIG.
-9-n, and may be provided immediately before 10-1 to 10-n.

As described above, according to the present invention, in a high-order, high-XFI, the envelope information of the attack part of a musical tone is contained only, thereby compressing the envelope 1 information 7 while still producing a sound that is similar to a natural instrument sound. The immersive effect of generating a musical tone signal can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing envelope information stored in the envelope memory of the above embodiment, and FIG. , the key press signal of the above embodiment. A timing diagram showing the relationship between address signals, opening/closing signals, and control signals. FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing the input and output of the attenuator and selector of the above embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an envelope generator that can be used in the present invention. 7 are input and output waveform diagrams of the interpolation circuit shown in FIG. 6.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A sine wave generator that generates a sine wave signal, an envelope no storage device that stores envelope information, an envelope generator that generates an envelope signal based on the envelope information; A plurality of sets of waveform generators each including arithmetic units that perform calculations on a sine wave signal and the envelope signal are provided, and at least one set of circular envelope generators among the plurality of sets of waveform generators performs attack of musical tones. a first envelope 1 storage device storing at least one of the attack section, sustain section, and release section of the musical tone; a second envelope storage device that does not store a portion of the envelope, and generates a portion that is not stored by the second envelope storage device based on the contents of the first envelope storage device. Characteristic electronic musical instruments. (2. In the statement of claim 1, the frequency of the sine wave signal generated by each sine wave generator in the plurality of sets of waveform generators is the sine wave signal generated by the sine wave generator to be the reference). A specific multiple of the sine wave signal frequency generated by the sine wave generator on which the signal frequency of the sine wave signal generated by the sine anti-generator in each set should be substantially an integral multiple of the signal frequency. The envelope storage device in the following waveform generator is an envelope storage device that stores the attack part, sustain part, and IJ-suppression part of a musical tone. An electronic musical instrument characterized in that it is an envelope storage device that does not store at least one of a part, a sustain part, and a release part. The envelope storage device in the waveform generator stores the attack part of the musical tone, and the frequency of the sine wave signal exceeds a certain multiple of the frequency of the sine wave signal generated by the sine wave generator. (4) An electronic musical instrument characterized in that it is an envelope storage device according to claim 1. In the claim 1, the waveform generation is such that the temporary sine signals generated by the plurality of waveform generators are below a predetermined level. The Seiko musical instrument is characterized in that the envelope storage device inside the instrument is an envelope storage device d that does not store at least one of the attack part, sustain part, and release part of a musical tone.