JPS61179497A - Musical sound signal generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Field of Application of Ljt Chestnut] This invention relates to a musical tone signal generating device used in electronic musical instruments, etc., and particularly to a musical tone signal generating device that generates a musical tone signal whose timbre changes depending on pitch or range. It is related to.

(Prior art and its problems) In general, the tone of the sound of a natural instrument changes depending on its pitch (or range). For example, the sound of a piano has many harmonic components at low pitches, and As the height increases, the harmonic components decrease.

It is desirable for a musical tone signal generating device for an electronic musical instrument to be able to generate sounds as close to those of a natural musical instrument as possible.

One way to generate musical sound signals similar to the sounds of natural instruments is to store a different musical sound waveform for each pitch (range) in a waveform memory, and then use It has been considered to select and read out the corresponding tone waveform. However, according to this method,
The capacity of the waveform memory became enormous, and the structure became larger.

It is also very disadvantageous in terms of cost.

(Summary of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a musical tone signal generating device that can generate musical tone signals that are very close to the sounds of natural musical instruments without causing any disadvantages in terms of structure or cost. be.

That is, in this invention, the pitch of a musical tone signal to be generated is specified by the pitch specifying means, a plurality of waveform signals having the specified pitch and different waveforms are generated by the waveform generating means, and a plurality of waveform signals having mutually different waveforms are generated by the one synthesizing means. These plural waveform signals are synthesized, and the parameter signal generation means generates a parameter signal corresponding to the specified pitch (or the range to which the pitch belongs), and the synthesis ratio of the plurality of waveform signals in one synthesis means is calculated. Control is performed based on this parameter signal.

In the following description, in order to generate a musical tone signal of higher quality, the timbre of the musical tone signal as disclosed in Utsugan No. 52-48412 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-134418) will be described. An example in which the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument that changes over time like a natural musical instrument sound will be explained.

In Figure 1, i! The output side of the board circuit 1 is connected to the input side of the frequency information memory 2. The output side of the frequency information memory 2 is connected to the input side of the accumulator 3. A clock pulse φ is input to the command terminal. The output side of the accumulator 3 is connected to the input side of the waveform memory 4.5, 6, and the output side of the waveform memory 4.5.6 is connected to the first input terminal of the multiplier 7.8, 9, respectively. It is connected. The output side of each multiplier 7-9 is connected to the input side of adder 10, respectively.

The output of the adder 10 is connected to the first input terminal of the N-terminal 16, and the second input terminal of the multiplier 16 is connected to II!
Key-on signal KON output from circuit l when a key is pressed
The output side of the 0 multiplier 16, into which the envelope waveform EV outputted from the envelope waveform generator 15 in response to the above signal is input, is connected to a sound system 17 comprising a digital-to-analog converter, an amplifier, a speaker, and the like.

The parameter signal generator 30 also includes a key tone balance parameter table 31 whose address input side is connected to the output side of the keyboard circuit 1, a counter 32 whose counting input terminal receives a clock pulse φ, and a counter 32 whose address input side is connected to the output side of the keyboard circuit 1. A first input terminal A is connected to the output side of the parameter time change memory 33 connected to the output side of the key tone balance parameter table 31, and a second input terminal B is connected to the output side of the parameter time change memory 33. The input terminals are connected to the output side of the adder 34, and the output terminals A, B, C> (multiplier 7.
8. Parameter controller connected to the second input terminal of 9! With i35.

★It is made up of.

Here, the tiam circuit l has a plurality of key switches provided respectively corresponding to a plurality of keys as a pitch specifying means for specifying the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and when a certain key is pressed, Then, the key switch corresponding to the key is operated and the logical value ``1'' is output to the output line corresponding to the key. The @board circuit 1 has a built-in single note priority circuit, and the single note priority circuit has a function of determining only one note to be produced when two or more keys are pressed at the same time.

Furthermore, the 11th board circuit 1 has a device f@ which outputs a key-on signal KON indicating that a certain key is pressed. Further, one frequency information memory 2 stores frequency information F (5i! number) of values corresponding to pitches of six keys, respectively.

Note that the key-on signal KON output from the keyboard circuit 1 when a key is pressed is input to the reset terminal R of the counter 32 on one side, and to the envelope waveform generator 15 on the other side.

In this case, the envelope waveform EV generated by the envelope waveform generator 15 has a waveform shape, for example, as shown in FIG. It can be set to .

By the way, in this embodiment, the waveform memory 4 stores the waveform amplitude value of the waveform W1 as shown in FIG. A relatively small number of waveforms W2 as shown in FIG. 3(B) are stored in the waveform memory 6, and a waveform W3 as shown in FIG. 3(C) with very few harmonic components is stored in the waveform memory 6.
It is assumed that the waveform amplitude value of is stored.

The key tone balance parameter table 31 is composed of a read-only memory, etc., and each address has 1, for example, ff1Ao-Cs as shown in FIG.
(881 Rima Teno each carp) Parameters corresponding to pitches (
Each of the constants) Kp is stored. Further, the parameter time change memory 33 stores a parameter P(t) as shown in FIG. 5, for example.

The parameter processing unit W135 performs calculations similar to the adder 34 (b), and outputs parameter signals a(1), jb<t) from its output terminals A, B, and C, respectively.

It is configured to output c(t).

(J) When P' (t)≧0, Ha(t)=O1b(
t) Tomi 1-c(t), c(t)-P' (
t) (a) When P'(t) <0; a(t) =
IP'(t) I.

The effects of this embodiment having a configuration of b(t) -1-a(t) , c(t) -0 or more will be described next.

When a certain key is pressed, frequency information F corresponding to the pitch of that key (the pitch of the musical tone to be generated) is stored in the frequency information memory 2.
This frequency information F is sequentially accumulated by the accumulator 3 at the timing of the clock pulse φ, and the accumulated information [q
F (q=1.2......is waveform memory 4,5
．． 6 and are sequentially inputted as address signals. Upon receiving this read address signal, the waveform memory 4.5.6 converts the waveform amplitude value stored at the address designated by the read address signal into the waveform signal W1. W2.
The waveform memory 4,
From 5.6 onwards, waveform signals W1. W2. W3 is obtained. The waveform signal W1 read out from the waveform memory 4 in this manner is input to the multiplier 7 and multiplied by the parameter signal a(t) output from the parameter signal generator 30.

Therefore, the waveform signal W1·a(t
), similarly, the waveform signal W2.6 read out from the waveform memory 5.6. W3 is multiplied by parameter signals b(t) and c(t) in a multiplier 8.9 and converted into waveform signals W2φb(t) and W3·c(t). Each of these shadow signals Wl fist a(t), W2・b(t), W3・
Since c(t) is input to the adder IO and added, the tone signal output from the adder 10 is (Wl IIa(t
) +W211b(L) +W3-C(t)).

On the other hand, in the parameter signal generator 30.

The logic value l table 31 is a parameter KW of the value corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key.
Output. Now, considering the case where [A2 is pressed,
Since the pressed key is pitch A2, as is clear from FIG. 4, the value of - is r-0,5. It is input to the first input terminal A of No. 34.

Also, at the same time as pressing the key, I! Board circuit 1 maybe key-on signal KO
Since N is outputted and inputted to the reset terminal R of the counter 32, the counter 32 starts counting clock pulses Φ from the initial value.

The count value of the counter 32 is the parameter time change memory 33
is input as a read address signal.

The parameter time change memory 33 sequentially outputs the parameter P(1) that changes as shown in FIG. 5 and is stored in each address. This time-varying parameter P(t) is input to the second input terminal B of the adder 34, so that the summation s
34 outputs *+P(t) to "(t)-" as an output value. There is.] In this way,
In the adder 34, the parameter related to the pitch of the pressed key (
information) Ke and parameters (information) p regarding key press time
−(Ri is weighted.

Next, the changes over time of each parameter signal a (t), b (t), C(t) output by the parameter signal generator 30 will be explained in accordance with the change over time of the parameter p(t) shown in FIG.

At time to (see Figure 5), P(to) −−0
, 25, so pH) Reed KF +P(t) =-
It becomes 0.75. Therefore, since P'(t)<O,
The parameter calculation unit t35 performs the Ron calculation and outputs a(to)-0,75, b(to)=0.25°c(t++)-0,00, respectively.These parameter signals & (to), b (to), C
(to) represents each waveform signal Wl, W2 . W3 and are respectively multiplied by adder lO
weighted by Therefore, the musical tone signal output from the 7103E unit 1O is (0.75W l + 0.25W 2
), this music blue signal is obtained by combining the waveform signal W1 with many harmonics (Fig. 53 (A)) and the waveform signal W2 with relatively few harmonics [Fig. This results in a musical sound waveform with quite a lot of harmonics.

At time tl, P(t+3-0.5, so P'
(t+)-KP + P(t+)-0 toner4. Then, the parameter fR summer device 35 performs the calculation (a) above, and a(t+3mo, b(t+)xi, c(tl)s
Output o. Therefore, in this case, the musical tone signal outputted by the adder 10 is the same as the waveform signal W2 with less harmonics.

At time t2, p (tl) = i, o, so P
'(tl)x KF + P(tl)-0,5. Therefore.

Parameter calculation device! At t35, perform tR31 in (a) above, a(tz)=O1b(tl)=0.5, c
(t2J=0.5 respectively. Therefore, in this case, the musical tone signal outputted by the adder 10 is (0,5W2+0.
5W3), resulting in a musical sound waveform in which the waveform signal W2 with relatively few harmonics and the waveform signal W3 with very few harmonics are synthesized at a ratio of 1:l.

Next, consider the case where jilAs is pressed. In this case, as is clear from FIG. 4, KP is -0.25.

At time t, p(t), -0,25, so
P'(to)=Kp+F(to)=O. Therefore, the parameter calculation device 35 performs the calculation in (a) above, and a(te)xO, b(to)stl, c(
to) Output xo. Therefore, in this case, the musical tone signal outputted by the adder 10 becomes a waveform signal W2 with few harmonics.

At time tl, p(t) has a value of 0.5.

P'(t) becomes -0,75. Therefore, the parameter calculation IJta! 35 performs the calculation in (a) above.

a(t) =0. b(t) = 0.25, c(t)
-0, 7H: Output respectively. Therefore, the adder lO
The musical sound signal outputted by is (0.25W 2 + 0.75
W3), and the waveform signal W2. W3 is synthesized with a ratio of 1=3.

At time t2, p(t) = t, o, so P'
(t)=1.25. Therefore, the parameter calculation device 35 performs the calculation in (a) above, and a(t)=0°b
(t) = -0, 25, c(t) = 1.25, respectively. ! ! The musical tone signal outputted by 10 is (-0,25W 2 + 1.25W 3 ), and the waveform signal W3 is greatly emphasized.

In this way, the musical tone signal LW output from the adder 10
I −a(t)+W2 ・b(t)+W3 ・C(t)
J is multiplied by the envelope waveform EV outputted from the envelope waveform generator 15 in a 1 multiplier 16, subjected to envelope control, and given an appropriate volume, and then produced by the sound system 17.

Up to this point, we have explained the case where keys llA2 and Al are pressed, but even when other keys are pressed, the parameter (constant) KF related to the pitch of the pressed key can be read from the key tone balance parameter table 31 in exactly the same way. The parameter p(t) related to the key press time is read out from the parameter time change memory 33, and the parameter p(t) is read out from the parameter time change memory 33.
), the weighting of the waveform signals Wl, W2, W3 output from each waveform memory 4.5, 6 is performed using parameter signals a(t), b(t), c(t) as parameters. Generated from operation @$t35. Therefore, it is possible to generate a musical tone whose waveform shape (timbre) changes depending on the pitch of the pressed key, like a musical instrument, and whose waveform shape (timbre) constantly changes from the time the musical tone is generated to the end.

In the above description, three waveform memories are provided and three series of waveform signals W1, W2 . Although an example has been shown in which musical tone signals are formed by synthesizing W3, the number of waveform signals to be synthesized can be arbitrarily selected. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the waveform shape of each waveform signal to be synthesized can be arbitrarily selected.

Further, in the above embodiment, the key tone balance parameter table 31 has been described as having 9 stored as a parameter with a different value for each pitch, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, Parameters Kp having different values may be stored for each sound range.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, a plurality of waveform signals having different waveform shapes are synthesized using parameter signals that change in accordance with the pitch or range of a musical tone to be generated. Since musical tone signals are formed by controlling the ratio, it is possible to experience musical tone signals with different tones for each pitch or range without increasing the size of the structure or increasing costs. , can generate high-quality musical tones that are very close to the sounds of natural instruments.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of an envelope waveform, and Fig. 3 (A), CB), and (C) are stored in each waveform memory. A waveform diagram showing an example of a waveform; FIG. 884 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a parameter KP stored in a key tone balance parameter table. FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an example of the parameter p(t) stored in the parameter time change memory. l... 91g1 circuit 2... Frequency information memory 3... Accumulator 4.5.6... Waveform memory 7
．． 8.9.16 Multiplier 10.34 Adder 17 Sound system 30 Parameter signal generator 31 Key tone balance parameter table 32.
...Counter 33...Parameter time change memory 35...Parameter calculation device Patent applicant Nippon Gakki Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Patent application agent Patent attorney Sugawara

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] Pitch specifying means for specifying the pitch of a musical tone signal to be generated; and a waveform generator for generating a plurality of waveform signals having different waveforms and having pitches specified by the pitch specifying means. means, a synthesizing means for synthesizing the plurality of waveform signals to generate a musical tone signal, and a parameter signal generating means for generating a parameter signal corresponding to the pitch specified by the pitch specifying means or the range to which the pitch belongs. and control means for controlling the synthesis ratio of the plurality of waveform signals in the synthesis means based on the parameter signal, and generating a musical tone signal whose timbre changes according to pitch or range. Musical tone signal generator.