JPS5884600A - Ultrasonic wave transmitter and receiver - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave transmitter and receiverInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5884600A JPS5884600A JP18354581A JP18354581A JPS5884600A JP S5884600 A JPS5884600 A JP S5884600A JP 18354581 A JP18354581 A JP 18354581A JP 18354581 A JP18354581 A JP 18354581A JP S5884600 A JPS5884600 A JP S5884600A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- case
- piezoelectric element
- sound absorbing
- ultrasonic transducer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
- H04R17/10—Resonant transducers, i.e. adapted to produce maximum output at a predetermined frequency
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、貼り合せ型圧電素手を用いた超音波送受波器
にかかり、パルス特性を改善した超音波送受波器に提供
しようとするものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer using a bonded piezoelectric bare hand, and is intended to provide an ultrasonic transducer with improved pulse characteristics.
空気中での超音波の送受波器は、圧電セラミックスの貼
り合せ型圧電素子が多く用いられており、−に記貼り合
せ型圧電素子の撓み振動の共振点２反共振点で使用する
ように作られている。捷た空気の機械的インピーダンス
は圧電セラミクスのそれと比して著しく小さいため、貼
り合せ型圧電素子を振動板と結合させて機械的インピー
ダンスの低下を図っている。Bonded piezoelectric elements made of piezoelectric ceramics are often used as transducers for ultrasonic waves in the air. It is made. Since the mechanical impedance of crushed air is significantly smaller than that of piezoelectric ceramics, a bonded piezoelectric element is combined with a diaphragm to reduce the mechanical impedance.
従来の超音波送受波器の構造を第１図に示す。The structure of a conventional ultrasonic transducer is shown in FIG.
貼り合せ型圧電素子１の中心部に貫通固定された結合軸
２を設け、この結合軸２に振動板３を取付けるとともに
、貼り合せ型圧電素子１の振動の節部を支持台４の先端
に弾性接着剤５をもって固定するものであった。６，６
′は端子、７は貼り合せ型圧電素子等を覆うケース、８
はケース７の上部゛に形成された透孔に取り付けられた
保鋤用メノンユ、９．９′は貼り合せ型圧電素子１と端
子６，６′を電気的に接続しているリード線である。A coupling shaft 2 fixed through the center of the bonded piezoelectric element 1 is provided, a diaphragm 3 is attached to the coupling shaft 2, and the vibration node of the bonded piezoelectric element 1 is attached to the tip of the support base 4. It was fixed using an elastic adhesive 5. 6,6
' is a terminal, 7 is a case that covers the bonded piezoelectric element, etc., 8
9.9' is a lead wire that electrically connects the bonded piezoelectric element 1 and the terminals 6, 6'. .
第２図は、上記超音波送受波器のパルス特性を示したも
ので、貼り合せ型圧電素子１を複数個のパルスで駆動し
たときの送信波形である。圧電セラミクスの機械的Ｑが
高いことにより、立」〕す・立下り時間が遅く２ミリ秒
以上にも及ぶものであった。FIG. 2 shows the pulse characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer, and shows the transmitted waveform when the bonded piezoelectric element 1 is driven with a plurality of pulses. Due to the high mechanical Q of piezoelectric ceramics, the rise and fall times were slow, reaching more than 2 milliseconds.
このような従来の超音波送受波器を用いて、短い時間間
隔で測定情報を得る必要がある場合、立上り・立下り時
間が長いために、受信信号がピーク値になるまでの時間
がかかる。あるいは受信信号が立する前に次の信号が受
信される等、正確な測定情報が得られなかった。When it is necessary to obtain measurement information at short time intervals using such a conventional ultrasonic transducer, it takes time for the received signal to reach its peak value because of the long rise and fall times. Or, the next signal was received before the received signal rose, and accurate measurement information could not be obtained.
また、送受波を単体の素子で行なわせる場合、送波させ
てたたちに受信可能な状態になるまで、かなりの時間を
要し、その間、測定情報は得られなかった、。Furthermore, when transmitting and receiving waves using a single element, it takes a considerable amount of time to become ready for reception immediately after transmitting waves, and during this time no measurement information can be obtained.
そこで、本発明は上記問題点を効果的に解決したもので
あり、その要旨は、貼り合せ型圧電素子の中心に振動板
を設け、機械的振動を抑制するように振動板の周囲を弾
性ゴム等の緩衝材でケースに弾性的に内定するとともに
、ケースの底部に吸音材を配してなり、急峻なパルス特
性を有する超音波送受波器を提供するものである。Therefore, the present invention effectively solves the above problems, and the gist thereof is to provide a diaphragm at the center of a bonded piezoelectric element, and to surround the diaphragm with elastic rubber to suppress mechanical vibration. The present invention provides an ultrasonic transducer having steep pulse characteristics, which is elastically fixed in the case with a cushioning material such as the above, and a sound absorbing material is placed on the bottom of the case.
以下、本発明の一実施例について図面を用いて説明する
。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第３図は本発明にかかる超音波送受波器の一実施例の断
面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of an ultrasonic transducer according to the present invention.
金属あるいは樹脂により形成された振動板１３は、圧電
セラミクスで構成された貼り合せ型圧電素子１１の中心
部に配した結合軸１２に取り付けられている。上記振動
板１３の周辺部は、機械的振動を抑制するように円環状
に形成された弾性ゴム等の緩衝材２０によって、−筒状
のケース１７の内側面に弾性的に固定されている。また
ケース１７の底部には吸音材２１を配している。１６゜
１６′は端子で貼り合せ型圧電素子１１とリード線１９
、１９’によって電気的に接続されている。A diaphragm 13 made of metal or resin is attached to a coupling shaft 12 arranged at the center of a bonded piezoelectric element 11 made of piezoelectric ceramics. The peripheral portion of the diaphragm 13 is elastically fixed to the inner surface of the cylindrical case 17 by a buffer material 20 such as elastic rubber formed in an annular shape so as to suppress mechanical vibrations. Further, a sound absorbing material 21 is arranged at the bottom of the case 17. 16° and 16' are terminals for the bonded piezoelectric element 11 and the lead wire 19.
, 19'.
次に上記構造の超音波送受波器のパルス特性を第４図に
示す。これによれば、パルスの立上り・立下り時間は０
．１４１７秒以下を示すようになった。Next, FIG. 4 shows the pulse characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer having the above structure. According to this, the rise and fall times of the pulse are 0.
．． It now shows 1417 seconds or less.
なお、第４図はパルスの包絡線を示しており、立上がる
までの波数は３〜４波であった。In addition, FIG. 4 shows the envelope of the pulse, and the number of waves until the rise was 3 to 4 waves.
第５図は上記吸音材２１のパルス特性に対する
。FIG. 5 shows the pulse characteristics of the sound absorbing material 21.
.
効果を示したもので、これにより立下り時間が著しく改
善された。すなわち、実線は吸音材２１を設けた場合の
特性を示し、破線は吸音材を設けていない場合の特性を
示している。。This was shown to be effective, and the fall time was significantly improved. That is, the solid line shows the characteristics when the sound absorbing material 21 is provided, and the broken line shows the characteristics when the sound absorbing material 21 is not provided. .
第６図は、上記円環状緩衝材２ｏの内径と立上り・立下
り時間との関係を示している。図のＡは立トリ時間を、
また同じくＢは立下り時間をそれぞれ示す。ただし、こ
のとき振動板１３の直径は１６＋ｍｎ、貼り合せ型圧電
素子１１の直径は１０＋ｍｎ。FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the inner diameter of the annular buffer material 2o and the rise and fall times. A in the diagram is the waiting time,
Similarly, B indicates the falling time. However, at this time, the diameter of the diaphragm 13 is 16+mn, and the diameter of the bonded piezoelectric element 11 is 10+mn.
厚さは０．６陥であった０
第７図は、ト記寸法による本発明の超音波送受波器の送
波感度の周波数特性を示している。The thickness was 0.6 mm.0 Fig. 7 shows the frequency characteristics of the transmitting sensitivity of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention with the dimensions shown in .
第８図ｉｔ、パルス特性および送波感度の温度特性を示
１７ている。すなわち、図のＣは立上り時間を、捷た同
じくＤは送波感度をそれぞれ示す。FIG. 8 shows the pulse characteristics and the temperature characteristics of the wave transmission sensitivity. That is, in the figure, C indicates the rise time, and D indicates the wave transmission sensitivity.
２０°（Ｃの値を基準にすると、立上り時間は一２０°
Ｃでほぼ変化がなく、６０°Ｃで１２係増大し、送波感
度は一２０’Ｃで６チ低下、・６０°Ｃで６係増大した
１、なお、ケース１７の前面に保護用メツシーを設けて
もパルス特性は変化しなかった。20° (based on the value of C, the rise time is -20°
There is almost no change at C, and it increases by 12 factors at 60°C, and the transmission sensitivity decreases by 6 factors at -20'C, and increases by 6 factors at 60°C. The pulse characteristics did not change even if .
以上のように本発明によれば、パルス特性を改善した超
音波送受波器が得られ、）（ルスの立上り・立下り時間
が著しく短くなったばかりでなく、温度特性、環境特性
および経時変化に優れた圧電セラミクスを用いたので、
従来のコンデンサ型超音波送受波器、ＰＶＤＦ圧電フィ
ルム超音波送受器に比べて安定性が高い。さらに全体の
構成も簡単で組立ても容易である。したがって本発明の
超音波送受波器は、短い時間間隔で測定情報を得る必要
のある計測には、特に高安定性が必要とされる場合、き
わめて有用なものである。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an ultrasonic transducer with improved pulse characteristics. Using superior piezoelectric ceramics,
High stability compared to conventional capacitor-type ultrasonic transducers and PVDF piezoelectric film ultrasonic transducers. Furthermore, the overall configuration is simple and assembly is easy. Therefore, the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention is extremely useful for measurements that require measurement information to be obtained at short time intervals, especially when high stability is required.
第１図は従来の超音波送受波器の一例を示す断面図、第
２図はそのパルス特性を示す図である。
第３図は本発明ｄ超音波送受波器の一実施例を示す断面
図、第４図はそのパルス特性を示す図、第６図は同じく
吸音材の効果を示す図、第６図は同じく緩衝材の内径と
パルス特性との関係を示す図、第７図はその送波感度の
周波数特性を示す図、第８図はそのパルス特性と送波感
度の温度特性を示す図である。
１１・・・・・・貼り合せ型圧電素子、１３・・・・・
・振動板、１７・・・・・・ケース、２０・・・・・・
緩衝材、２１・・・・・・吸音材。
第３図
第４図
−ｆ、 ｔミリ則 。
第５５４
−１ Ｃミリ毒幻
第６図
Ｊｌ神テｉｔ＃ｌ内Ｑｆ （ｍｍ）
笛 ７５４
Ｒ目う７暖嘗穆（（ｋＨｚｌ
＃！Ｉ８図
ミ昆浅（１ｃ１FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional ultrasonic transducer, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing its pulse characteristics. Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention, Fig. 4 is a drawing showing its pulse characteristics, Fig. 6 is a drawing showing the effect of the sound absorbing material, and Fig. 6 is also a drawing showing the effect of the sound absorbing material. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the inner diameter of the buffer material and the pulse characteristics, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the wave transmission sensitivity, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the pulse characteristics and the temperature characteristics of the wave transmission sensitivity. 11... Bonded piezoelectric element, 13...
・Diaphragm, 17... Case, 20...
Cushioning material, 21...Sound absorbing material. Figure 3 Figure 4 - f, t millimeter rule. No. 554-1 C milli poison phantom 6 Jl god it #l inside Qf (mm) flute 754 R eyes 7 warm 嘗穆 ((kHzl #!
Claims (2)
が収入されているケースの内部に吸音材を配し、前記振
動板と前記ケースに接触するように設けた緩衝材にｔす
、前記振動板を前記ケースに弾性的に固定していること
を特徴とする超音波送受波器。(1) A sound absorbing material is arranged inside a case in which a bonded piezoelectric element with a diaphragm provided in the center is housed, and a sound absorbing material is provided in contact with the diaphragm and the case, An ultrasonic transducer characterized in that the diaphragm is elastically fixed to the case.
る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の超音波送受波器。(2) The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonded piezoelectric element is disc-shaped, and a conical diaphragm is provided at the upper part of the piezoelectric element. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18354581A JPS5884600A (en) | 1981-11-16 | 1981-11-16 | Ultrasonic wave transmitter and receiver |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18354581A JPS5884600A (en) | 1981-11-16 | 1981-11-16 | Ultrasonic wave transmitter and receiver |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5884600A true JPS5884600A (en) | 1983-05-20 |
Family
ID=16137681
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18354581A Pending JPS5884600A (en) | 1981-11-16 | 1981-11-16 | Ultrasonic wave transmitter and receiver |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5884600A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63163475U (en) * | 1987-04-15 | 1988-10-25 |
-
1981
- 1981-11-16 JP JP18354581A patent/JPS5884600A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63163475U (en) * | 1987-04-15 | 1988-10-25 |
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