JPS6025957B2 - Ultrasonic transducer - Google Patents
Ultrasonic transducerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6025957B2 JPS6025957B2 JP17433080A JP17433080A JPS6025957B2 JP S6025957 B2 JPS6025957 B2 JP S6025957B2 JP 17433080 A JP17433080 A JP 17433080A JP 17433080 A JP17433080 A JP 17433080A JP S6025957 B2 JPS6025957 B2 JP S6025957B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- ultrasonic transducer
- bonded
- piezoelectric element
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、貼り合せ型圧電素子を用いた超音波送受波器
にかかり、送受波感度特性、パルス特性（過渡特性）を
改善した超音波送受波器を提供するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides an ultrasonic transducer using a bonded piezoelectric element, which has improved wave transmitting/receiving sensitivity characteristics and pulse characteristics (transient characteristics). It is.
空気中で使用される超音波の送受波器においては、圧電
セラミクスの貼り合せ素子が多く用いられており、上記
貼り合せ素子のたわみ振動の共振点，反共振点で使用す
るように作られている。In ultrasonic transducers used in the air, piezoelectric ceramic bonded elements are often used, and the bonded elements are made to be used at the resonance and anti-resonance points of flexural vibration. There is.
また、空気の機械的インピーダンスは圧蚤セラミクスの
それと比していちぢるしく小さいため、貼り合せ素子を
振動板と結合させて機械的インピーダンスの低下を図っ
ている。従来の超音波送受波器の構造を第１図に、その
特性を第２図にそれぞれ示す。Furthermore, since the mechanical impedance of air is significantly smaller than that of compressed ceramics, the bonded element is coupled to the diaphragm to reduce the mechanical impedance. The structure of a conventional ultrasonic transducer is shown in FIG. 1, and its characteristics are shown in FIG. 2.
第１図に示すように、貼り合せ型圧電素子１の中心部に
結合軸２を貫通固定させ、かっこの結合軸２に振動板３
を取付けるとともに、貼り合せ型圧鰭素子１の振動の節
部を支持台４の先端に弾性接着剤５をもって固定するも
のであった。As shown in FIG. 1, a coupling shaft 2 is fixed through the center of the bonded piezoelectric element 1, and a diaphragm 3 is attached to the coupling shaft 2 of the bracket.
At the same time, the vibration nodes of the bonded pressure fin element 1 were fixed to the tip of the support base 4 with an elastic adhesive 5.
６，６′は端子、７は貼り合せ型圧肉素子１などを接し
、保護するケース、８はケース７の上部に形成された透
孔に取り付けられた保護用メッシュ、９．９′は貼り合
せ型圧蟹素子１と端子６，６′を電気的に接続している
リード線である。6 and 6' are terminals, 7 is a case that contacts and protects the bonded pressure sensitive element 1, etc., 8 is a protective mesh attached to a through hole formed in the upper part of the case 7, and 9.9' is a bonding case. This is a lead wire that electrically connects the mating pressure crab element 1 and the terminals 6, 6'.
第２図は、上記構造の超音波送受波器を複数個のパルス
で駆動したときの送信波形を示したもので、立上がり、
立下りが遅く、その時間が２ミリ秒以上にも及ぶもので
あった。Figure 2 shows the transmission waveform when the ultrasonic transducer with the above structure is driven with multiple pulses.
The falling time was slow, and the falling time was over 2 milliseconds.
このような従来の超音波送受波器を用いて、短い時間間
隔で測定情報を得る必要がある場合、受波器によって受
信された信号は、立上がりおよび立下がりが長いために
、立下がる前に次の信号が受信され、正確な測定情報が
得られなかった。When using such conventional ultrasonic transducers and it is necessary to obtain measurement information in short time intervals, the signal received by the receiver has a long rising and falling edge, so that the signal is The following signals were received and accurate measurement information could not be obtained.
また、送受波を単体の素子で行なわせる場合、送波させ
てただちに受信可能な状態にするには、かなりの時間を
要し、受信可能な状態になるまでの時間，測定情報は得
られなかった。そこで本発明は、貼り合せ型圧亀素子の
中心に振動板を設け、機械的振動を抑制するように振動
板の周囲を弾性ゴムなどの緩衝材でケースに弾性的に固
定保持させることにより、上記従来品にあった問題点を
解決したものである。In addition, when transmitting and receiving waves using a single element, it takes a considerable amount of time to transmit waves and immediately become ready for reception, and measurement information cannot be obtained during the time it takes to become ready for reception. Ta. Therefore, the present invention provides a diaphragm at the center of the bonded pressure turtle element, and elastically fixes and holds the diaphragm to the case with a cushioning material such as elastic rubber around the diaphragm to suppress mechanical vibration. This solves the problems of the conventional products mentioned above.
以下、本発明の一実施例について、図面を用いて説明す
る。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第３図は本発明の超音波送受波器の−実施例の構成図で
ある。圧電セラミックより構成された貼り合せ型圧電素
子１１の中心部に配した結合軸１２に振動板１３を設け
、機械的振動を抑制するように上記振動板１３の周辺部
を弾性ゴムなどの緩衝材２川こより円筒状のケース１７
の内側面に弾性的に固定する。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention. A diaphragm 13 is provided on the coupling shaft 12 arranged at the center of a bonded piezoelectric element 11 made of piezoelectric ceramic, and the periphery of the diaphragm 13 is covered with a cushioning material such as elastic rubber to suppress mechanical vibration. 2nd river cylindrical case 17
elastically fixed to the inner surface of the
貼り合せ型圧電素子１１は、弾性接着剤１５をもって支
持台１４に支持されている。１６，１６′は端子で、貼
り合せ型圧電素子１１とりード線１９，１９′によって
電気的に接続されている。The bonded piezoelectric element 11 is supported by a support base 14 with an elastic adhesive 15. Terminals 16 and 16' are electrically connected to the bonded piezoelectric element 11 by lead wires 19 and 19'.
次に、上記構造による超音波送受波器のパルス特性を第
４図に示す。Next, FIG. 4 shows the pulse characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer having the above structure.
これからも明らかなように、パルスの立上り・立下り時
間は０．２ミリ秒以下を示すようになった。第５図は上
記円板状貼り合せ型素子（直径１０帆）１１に設けた振
動板１３の直径Ｒと送波感度との関係を表わした図であ
り、振動板１３の直径Ｒが大きくなるにつれて送波感度
が大きくなることを示している。As is clear from this, the rise and fall times of the pulses are now less than 0.2 milliseconds. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the diameter R of the diaphragm 13 provided in the disc-shaped bonded element (diameter 10) 11 and the wave transmission sensitivity, and the diameter R of the diaphragm 13 becomes larger. This shows that the transmission sensitivity increases as the
第６図は振動板１３の直径Ｒと指向特性（音圧半減角）
との関係を示した図であり、貼り合せ型圧電素子１１の
直径よりも大きな直径を有する振動板１３を用いると、
尖鋭な指向特性を有する超音波送受波器とすることも可
能である。Figure 6 shows the diameter R of the diaphragm 13 and the directivity characteristics (sound pressure half-reduction angle)
This is a diagram showing the relationship between the
It is also possible to use an ultrasonic transducer with sharp directional characteristics.
また、第７図はコニカル形振動板の頂点の角度と指向特
性との関係を示している。Further, FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the angle of the vertex of the conical diaphragm and the directivity characteristics.
高さと底面の直径との比が０．３〜０．５なるコニカル
形振勤板を用いることによりもっとも鋭い指向特性を示
した。以上のように本発明によれば、パルス特性を改善
した超音波送受波器が得られ、パルスの立上り立下り時
間が短いばかりでなく、送受波感度も向上し、尖鋭な指
向特性を有する超音波送受波器を得ることができる。さ
らに振動板をケースに弾性的に保持させることにより強
度的に頑強な構造を有するようになった。したがって本
発明の超音波送受波器は、短い時間間隔で測定情報を得
る必要のある場合、たとえば、短い距離，流速などの計
測的応用にきわめて有用なものである。The sharpest directivity characteristics were obtained by using a conical vibrating plate with a height to bottom diameter ratio of 0.3 to 0.5. As described above, according to the present invention, an ultrasonic transducer with improved pulse characteristics can be obtained, which not only has short pulse rise and fall times but also has improved wave transmission and reception sensitivity, and has sharp directivity characteristics. A sound wave transducer can be obtained. Furthermore, by elastically holding the diaphragm in the case, the diaphragm has a strong structure. Therefore, the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention is extremely useful when it is necessary to obtain measurement information at short time intervals, for example, in measurement applications such as short distances and flow velocities.
第１図は従来の超音波送受波器の一実施例を示す断面図
、第２図はそのパルス特性を示す図である。
第３図は本発明の超音波送受波器の−実施例を示す断面
図、第４図はそのパルス特性を示す図、第５図はその振
動板の直径と送波感度との関係を示す図、第６図は同じ
く振動板の直径と指向特性（音圧半減角）との関係を示
す図、第７図は同じく振動板の頂点の角度と指向特性と
の関係を示す図である。１１・・・貼り合せ型圧電素子
、１３・・・振動板、１４・・・支持台、１５・・・弾
性接着剤、１１７・・・ケース、２０・・・緩衝材。
第１図
第２図
第３図
第４図
第５図
第６図
第７図FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional ultrasonic transducer, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing its pulse characteristics. Figure 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention, Figure 4 is a diagram showing its pulse characteristics, and Figure 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the diameter of its diaphragm and transmitting sensitivity. FIG. 6 is a diagram similarly showing the relationship between the diameter of the diaphragm and the directional characteristic (sound pressure half-reduction angle), and FIG. 7 is a diagram similarly showing the relationship between the angle of the vertex of the diaphragm and the directional characteristic. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Bonded piezoelectric element, 13... Vibration plate, 14... Support stand, 15... Elastic adhesive, 117... Case, 20... Cushioning material. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7
Claims (1)
台に設けるとともにケースに収納し、前記振動板の周囲
を緩衝材を介して、前記ケースに弾性的に固定保持させ
ることを特徴とする超音波送受波器。 ２ 振動板がコニカル形であつて、貼り合せ型圧電素子
が円板形であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の超音波送受波器。 ３ コニカル形振動板の底面の直径が、貼り合せ形圧電
素子の直径に比して大きいことを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第２項記載の超音波送受波器。 ４ 高さと底面の直径との比が０．３〜０．５なるコニ
カル形の振動板を有する特許請求の範囲第２項記載の超
音波送受波器。[Claims] 1. A bonded piezoelectric element having a diaphragm in the center is provided on a support base and housed in a case, and the periphery of the diaphragm is elastically fixed and held in the case via a cushioning material. An ultrasonic transducer characterized by: 2. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm has a conical shape, and the bonded piezoelectric element has a disk shape. 3. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the bottom surface of the conical diaphragm is larger than the diameter of the bonded piezoelectric element. 4. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 2, which has a conical diaphragm having a height to bottom diameter ratio of 0.3 to 0.5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17433080A JPS6025957B2 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1980-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17433080A JPS6025957B2 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1980-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5797800A JPS5797800A (en) | 1982-06-17 |
| JPS6025957B2 true JPS6025957B2 (en) | 1985-06-21 |
Family
ID=15976747
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17433080A Expired JPS6025957B2 (en) | 1980-12-10 | 1980-12-10 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6025957B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61223508A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-04 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Radiation transmission type thickness meter |
-
1980
- 1980-12-10 JP JP17433080A patent/JPS6025957B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5797800A (en) | 1982-06-17 |
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