JPS5883710A - Frost removing apparatus of runway - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for removing fog and preventing freezing from an aircraft runway. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device for removing fog and preventing freezing from an aircraft runway.
Therefore, it is related to a small-sized companion device.

Various countermeasures against dense fog accidents at airports have been considered.It is reported that during the First Medical War in Britain, fuel was burned at both end lines of the runway, and fog removal was temporarily successful due to the draft and temperature rise caused by the combustion gas. The reality is that even to this day, there is no sign of progress in this example. For example, even in the French painting Charles de Gaulle Airport, the above fuel was simply converted to gas. When performing mist removal using such fuel, it is inevitable that a very large amount of fuel will be consumed and running costs will increase significantly.

The present invention was made with the aim of developing a device that can reduce fuel consumption to the maximum extent possible, and utilizes the flat ground near the runway as a solar heat receiving surface and stores this solar heat in a large capacity for a long period of time. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that can effectively extract heat stored throughout the year to remove fog and prevent runways from freezing. That is, the present invention has a configuration in which a heat medium circulation path is formed between a solar heat collector installed on the ground surface near the runway and a heat storage tank installed underground, and solar heat is stored in the heat storage tank. A runway fog removal device that injects air warmed using heat storage into the atmosphere from air blowing nozzles arranged along the runway, wherein the heat storage tank includes a large number of heat storage tanks filled with a heat storage material. Each heat storage unit consists of a container filled with a heat storage material that can be melted by the heat collected by the solar collector, and each container contains a heat medium fluid. It is characterized in that a passage is formed for the flow of water. This device can also effectively prevent the runway from freezing by transferring the heat from the heat storage tank into the runway surface through the heat pipe.

The device of the present invention removes mist above the runway by injecting high-temperature air upward from a large number of air blowing nozzles provided on both sides of the runway, as schematically shown in Figure 15. This method utilizes solar heat to obtain this high-temperature air. In other words, sufficient heat for fog removal can be provided by solar heat stored throughout the year.For example, a heat storage tank that can store solar heat stored in the summer for several months or more than half a year is installed near the runway. It is installed as an underground structure inside. In order to store heat in a large capacity and over a long period of time, the device of the present invention uses latent heat storage. In other words, the device of the present invention can store heat collected by a solar heat collector installed in an open area near the runway in a latent heat storage tank in the ground, and release this stored heat to the atmosphere in the form of a high-temperature air flow when dense fog occurs. The main feature of this system is that it uses a special heat storage tank that can store a large amount of solar heat in the form of latent heat over a long period of time until the onset of fog.

First, the principle and structure of the heat storage device according to the present invention for storing solar heat in a large capacity and over a long period of time will be explained, and then the entire configuration of the runway misting device of the present invention will be explained.

The heat storage materials for storing heat in the form of latent heat used in the heat storage device of the present invention include various hydric salts and hydrated salt mixtures, such as 0aCL, -6H20, Nil, S○, -10H2
0, Na2S20.・5H20, Na2HP04-Na
Substances with relatively low melting points and relatively large latent heat such as H2PO4-KH2PO4-H20 mixtures, organic compounds such as ethylenediamine, or fats and oils such as paraffin and silicone oil are suitable. Although it has been known in principle that it is advantageous to store heat by utilizing latent heat during phase transformation between solid and liquid phases of a substance, a practical scale device for this has not yet appeared. In other words, the practical application of a heat storage device using latent heat that can repeatedly store a large amount of heat and recover it will enable heat exchange between the heating medium and the entire large-capacity heat storage material without causing transformation or deterioration of the heat storage material. Moreover, it was considered to be extremely difficult to do so without causing the problem of contamination by heat storage substances because it is technically difficult. In the present invention, such latent heat storage is carried out by confining it in an underground structure, and for this purpose, a collection of special heat storage units is used as a heat storage tank for enclosing this heat storage material. do.

First, we will explain the heat storage unit as one element for configuring the heat storage tank installed underground near the runway, and then explain how to assemble and arrange it (Figures 1 to 12). , Overall configuration of the device of the present invention (13th
15) will be sequentially explained according to the embodiments of the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a basic type of heat storage unit of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical iron body, and an upper cover 2 and a lower cover 2 are airtightly attached to the upper and lower sides of this iron body 1. A small cylinder 3 coaxial with the iron body 1 is airtightly attached to the center of the upper cover 2 and lower cover 2, and a coil 4 is arranged so as to surround the small cylinder 3. One end of the coil 4 protrudes below the die 1, and the other end projects above the die 1, and the connection of the coil end to the die 1 is also kept airtight. 5 is an injection port for heat storage material;
Reference numeral 6 denotes an outlet for the heat storage material, and after filling the heat storage material, the inlet 5 and the outlet 6 are kept blind. In this way, a container for enclosing the heat storage material is formed, and a passage for flowing the heat transfer fluid, that is, a small cylinder 5 and a coil 4, are formed in this container. As will be described later, this small cylinder 3 is used as a passage for a gas such as air to flow, and the coil 4 is used as a passage for a liquid such as water to flow. The heat storage unit shown in this figure is substantially symmetrical vertically and horizontally, and appears to have the same shape even if the position shown in the figure is turned upside down. The outlet of the small cylinder 3' in the device unit tic is aligned with and connected to the inlet of the small cylinder 3 shown by the solid line, and similarly, the outlet and inlet of the coil 4 are connected by piping.

Figure 2 shows one unit of heat storage tank made up of eight heat storage units in Figure 1, and Figure 3 shows one unit of heat storage tank made up of eight heat storage units. Each of the assembled states is diagrammatically shown.

As shown in Fig. 2, one unit of heat storage tank consists of four hollow pipes ft a -4 assembled at the four corners of a rectangle, and these hollow pipes a S - b 1b = -CSC ~ d,
Four hollow pipes placed on the center side between d and a.
It is constructed by housing eight heat storage units in two stages in a framework consisting of a hollow pipe CP and a hollow pipe CP located in the center.

Among these hollow pipes, the surrounding ones except for the central pipe CPi are shared with the adjacent tanks when one unit of heat storage tanks is assembled next to each other.

This state is shown in the layout in Figure 3, as shown in the direction in which the corner pipes fl-d of one unit of heat storage tank (UiJ) are formed (
In the vertical direction of the paper in the figure), the pipes at the corners of adjacent unit heat storage tanks are shared, but in the direction of the formation (in the left and right directions of the paper), they are shared as the side pipes of adjacent unit heat storage tanks. , all of these pipes (a-d,
In addition to serving as a support for assembling and fixing the heat storage units, the coils 4 (Fig. 1) arranged inside each heat storage unit are connected to each other to circulate the heat medium liquid. It is designed to function as a heat transfer pipe for the purpose. In each unit heat storage tank, each pipe
The three support plates 7 shown in the figure are used to position each other, and the nine pipes positioned in this way and the three support plates VCX are used to connect eight heat storage units to two shafts each. There are four cylinders joined along the center, and these four cylinders form one unit of heat storage tank. By joining along this axis, the small cylinder 3 (Fig. 1) t/'i
They are aligned and connected to each other, and a heat transfer gas is passed through them.

The heat medium liquid is supplied to each of the hollow pipes a-d1-2, CPi.
The coils of each heat storage unit are circulated using the connections shown by the arrows in the arrangement of FIG.

For example, if we look at the unit heat storage tank Ul in Figure 3, the heat medium liquid is connected to the central pipe CP so that it flows out from each internal coil, and the heat medium is connected to the pipes (a) and (b) on the sides. On the other hand, in the unit heat storage tank to the right of this Ui, the connection with the central pipe CP is the same as that of Q, Ui, but in Ul, the connection is the same as that of Ui, but The pipe (-a-dl) functions as the side pipe (il-2), from which the heat medium liquid flows.In other words, the heat storage unit 1 is placed adjacent to the unit heat storage tank. By staggering and adjoining the individual units, pipes that are not used for liquid circulation in the adjacent unit heat storage tank can be used for liquid circulation in the adjacent unit heat storage tank. In any case, the connection position between each pipe and the coil in each unit can remain unchanged.

While maintaining this unchanging connection relationship, unit heat storage tanks can be assembled infinitely, and in fact, the degree of this collection can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the heat capacity for heat reception or heat radiation. In addition, in the case of this set, in addition to the spreading direction as shown in FIG. 3, connections in the vertical direction are also optional, and a heat storage tank structure having an arbitrary three-dimensional structure can be constructed. In the constructed heat storage tank, if the heat transfer gas is made to pass through the small cylinder of each heat storage unit and also through the gap between each heat storage unit, that is, the outside of the mortar body 1, each heat storage The heat exchange area of the heat storage material in the container knit with this heat transfer gas is further increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Along with the operation of Mizuku, the heat transfer gas is used for heat storage, and
The heat medium liquid passed through the coil is preferably used for heat radiation, but the opposite operation may be performed depending on the case.

Other ways of using the heat storage unit of the present invention and other examples of shapes and structures will be shown below.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which a ring joint 9 is used to connect the heat storage unit in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 6, this ring joint 9 has an opening 10 through which gas passes between the upper and lower rings 11 and 12, and a heat storage unit to be connected to the rings 11 and 12. Insert the end of the Then, the support plate 7 shown in FIG. 4 is supported at the center of this ring joint 9.

13 indicates a projecting piece for receiving this support plate 7. If this support plate 7 is used and the connections between the small cylinders are slightly separated when joining the heat storage unit, a portion of the gas flowing from one small cylinder to the other will flow out through the openings 10 to the outside of the mortar. However, conversely, the gas flowing outside the iron body collides with the support plate 7 (this support plate 7 functions as a buckle plate), and an air flow is generated that flows into the small circle from the opening 10. , outside and inside of the iron body (small cylinder)
The airflow flows in a mixed manner, and heat exchange between the gas and the heat storage material is effectively performed over the entire area of the heat storage material in each heat storage unit.

Figure 7 shows the heat storage unit If the most compact HC in Figure 1.
It is a layout diagram in case of arrangement. In this case, two pipes 14 and 15 are used for one heat storage unit,
One of them is used as an inlet pipe for introducing heat transfer liquid into the coil in the regenerator unit, and the other is used as an outlet pipe for flowing heat transfer liquid out of the coil. The connections in the axial direction of each heat storage unit are stacked while maintaining the arrangement shown in Fig. 7, but one heat storage unit is connected so that the outlet pipe is the outlet pipe. In other words, the coils of each heat storage unit may be connected to the tubes 14 and 15 in series. Whether to connect in series or in parallel is determined by the heat receiving capacity, amount of heat medium fluid, and type and amount of heat storage material. In this lamination, it is possible to use a ring joint as shown in FIG. 6, and it is also possible to flow a heat transfer gas to the outside and inside (small cylinder) of the die. However, in the arrangement shown in Fig. 7, the distance between each heat storage unit is greater than in the arrangement shown in Fig. 3!
Since the J is small, it is not necessarily necessary to use the Tuffle plate shown in Fig. 4.

Figures 8 to 12 show an example of a heat storage unit having a rectangular (rectangular) external shape. Figure 8 shows an example of a heat storage unit with a rectangular parallelepiped having one small cylinder 3 attached to the longitudinal center of the molded body 1. FIG. 9 shows a structure in which four small cylinders 3 are similarly installed in parallel in the longitudinal direction.

The heat storage material is sealed around the small cylinder 3 within this iron body 1,
By passing a heat medium, such as air, through a small cylinder that passes through the crucible 1 in the longitudinal direction, heat exchange between the heat medium and the heat storage material is performed. By assembling small cylinders adjacent to each other so that they are connected, a heat storage tank with a desired capacity can be constructed. This is an example in which this passage extends throughout the entire area of the heat storage material sealed in the iron body 1, and the inlet and outlet of the heat transfer fluid are concentrated on one surface.

That is, in FIG. 10, 16I and 162 [one passage entrance/exit, 17. and 172 are the entrances and exits of the other passage, and these four boats are all concentrated on one side of the die body 1. Fig. 11 shows an example in which one bent passage similar to Fig. 10 is combined with a small cylinder 3 similar to Fig. 8;
FIG. 12 shows the same bending passage 1i as in FIG. 10! 'i) An example is shown in which one cylinder is combined with four small cylinders 5 similar to Fig. 9. In FIGS. 1o to 12, it is preferable that the bent passages pass a liquid heat medium and the small cylinders pass a gas heat medium.

8 to 12, each of the same type has the outlet of all the heat medium passages connected to the entrance of the heat medium passage of the other ones. They can be connected and laminated by doing this.

In the present invention, the heat storage unit If as shown in the above embodiment is used, these heat medium passages 3 or jd4 are assembled together so that the heat medium flows, and this assembly is installed in an underground structure near the runway. Place it inside something. Then, a heat medium circulation path is formed between this underground heat storage tank and a solar heat collector installed on the ground surface above the heat storage tank, and solar heat is transferred to the heat storage material in the heat storage unit in the form of latent heat. It stores heat and allows it to be taken out as a heat source for fog removal and runway freeze prevention.

This figure shows an example of a heat storage tank structure installed underground.Reet structure, unit heat storage tank consisting of plural Ul and UjH heat storage units, 22 is a blower, 23 is an air chamber, 2
4 is a switching damper, 25 is an air supply port, 26 is a return air port, 28~
31 indicates a liquid pipe, and 32 indicates a liquid tank. As shown in the figure, this solar heat storage device has the above-described xfx heat storage units arranged in a collective arrangement in an underground structure directly below the pneumatic solar heat collector 20 placed on the solar radiation surface of the ground surface. It is something. This assembly of heat storage units can be made by, for example, rotating the unit heat storage tank made up of the eight heat storage units explained in FIG. 2 by 90' from the state shown in FIG. The unit heat storage tanks U1 and UjK are stacked horizontally in three-dimensional directions: top and bottom, left and right, and front and back.The unit heat storage tanks U1 and UjK are designed to allow air to flow horizontally.

First, to explain the flow of air in this heat storage device, during heat storage operation, the air discharged from the blower 22 enters the pneumatic solar heat collector 20 from the air chamber 23 via the switching damper 24, The air heated by The air is sucked into the blower 22, and this cycle is repeated again. By continuing this heat storage operation, the heat storage material in the heat storage unit will melt, and if the solar radiation is extremely strong, most of the heat storage units will contain the melted heat storage material. Once the heat storage material is melted again, when the flow of the heat medium into the heat storage device is stopped, a partial vcFi is generated.

Even when solidification begins, the heat generated maintains the inside of the device at a predetermined temperature, so that most of it remains molten for a long period of time.

The occurrence of fog is determined by temperature and humidity sensors that constantly monitor atmospheric conditions (
This can be detected in advance by installing a beacon at the same location as the guidance beacon, for example, and the mist removal operation, that is, the heat dissipation operation is performed. In this heat dissipation operation, the switching damper 24 may be operated to guide the air in the air chamber 23 toward the air blowing nozzle 25, and the air from the return air port 26 may be caused to flow into the pneumatic solar heat collector 2U.

As a result, the air taken in from the return air port 26 with the power of only the blower 22 passes through the unit heat storage tank, is heated by the heat of solidification of the heat storage material, and is injected above the runway 19 from the air blowing nozzle 25. The fog above the runway is removed.

In addition, in the heat dissipation operation to prevent the runway 19 from freezing, water is passed through the coil 4 (FIG. 1) of each heat storage unit to recover the stored heat, which is then transferred to the runway
This can be done effectively by transferring heat to

In this case as well, freezing predictions are automatically made using temperature sensors installed at representative points on the runway, and operational instructions are given to the system. For example, hollow pipes a to d1 a to 2 and cp as shown in Fig. 2 are installed to form a unit heat storage tank U1, and these pipes are connected between unit heat storage tanks to create a continuous series of water. No piping is required to allow water to flow through the coils of each heat storage unit. Water in the tank 32 may be circulated through these pipes by the pump 33, and the obtained high-temperature water may be brought into contact with one end of the heat pipe 31.

The heat pipe 19 buried in the runway 19.0 will serve as reinforcement and at the same time function as a heater for anti-freezing.

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device in which an auxiliary heat source device is further attached to the solar heat storage device of FIG. 13.

As shown in the figure, a gas burner 40 and a combustion chamber 41 are provided in the air circulation path, and this combustion air is transferred to the air chamber 23 K.
It was made so that it could be sent. In Figure 14,
42 is a fuel gas cylinder, 45 bagasse piping, 241-2
The 46Fi switching damper is shown, and can be used for heat storage operation using solar heat alone, heat storage operation using solar heat and combustion gas, operation that radiates the heat stored in the heat storage unit, operation that roughly mixes combustion air into this heat radiation operation, or a combination of these operations. damper 24m to 24.0m. This can be done by modifying the opening degree control. Heat pipes and fluid piping are not shown in the figure, but they are installed in the same way as in Figure 13, and are operated in the same way as in Figure 13, except that auxiliary heat sources are introduced as appropriate, and they utilize solar heat. There is no change in the method of storing heat.

In the examples shown in Figures 13 and 14, an air-type solar heat collector is used and air is circulated as a heat medium between the heat collector and the heat storage tank. It is also possible to use a liquid type as a heat storage device and store heat between the heat collector and the heat storage tank using a liquid (for example, water) as a heat medium. In other words, the 4 coils in Figure 1 are the heat medium for heat storage! sink,
Small cylinder 3 or 7?1. Air for heat dissipation operation (fog removal operation) may be passed outside the I/i container. Further, the heating end of the heat pipe 31 can be brought into contact with the high temperature air of this heat dissipation operation to prevent freezing (FIG. 14).

FIG. 15 is an overall schematic diagram of the runway misting device according to the present invention, in which the nine solar heat collectors 20 described in detail above are arranged on the ground surface on both sides along the runway 19, and the The heat storage device described above was installed inside and is in good condition. A large number of air blowing nozzles 25 are arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the runway 19, and the high temperature air obtained by the heat dissipation operation of the heat storage device is injected upward from the runway 19, and rises with the surrounding induced air. Mist removal is performed by generating airflow.

FIG. 16 shows a state in which a heat pipe 51 is installed in the runway 19, and one end of the heat pipe 31 is connected to the heat generation source 4 of the heat storage device. IIc is opened and the substantial length of the other side of the heat pipe 31 is buried in the runway 19 to play the role of reinforcement, and the evaporation and condensation cycle of the heat medium in the heat pipe 31 is carried out. Engineering heat source 45
This heat can be efficiently transferred to the runway 19 and the runway can be heated quickly.

In this way, the device of the present invention can remove fog while minimizing fuel consumption, and can effectively prevent runways from freezing, as a countermeasure against dense airport fog, which has been desired for a long time. , is an extremely useful invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a typical example of a heat storage unit according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the proportionality of one unit of heat storage tank made up of eight heat storage units, and Fig. 3 is a unit heat storage tank. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the support plate (baffle plate) used to construct the unit heat storage tank, Figure 5 is a schematic front view showing the connection part of the heat storage unit, and Figure 6 is the A perspective view of the ring joint used in the connection part, FIG.
14 is a sectional view showing a modification of the device shown in FIG. 13, and FIG. 15 is a general cross-sectional view showing an example of the runway misting device of the present invention. Figure, 16th
The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structure for preventing freezing of a runway. 1...Front body 2...Lid 3...Small cylinder (heat medium gas passage) 4...Coil (heat medium liquid passage) 7...Support plate (baffle plate) 9...Ring joint Int 19...Runway 20...Solar heat collector 22...Blower 25...Air blowing nozzle 31...Heat pipe U...Unit heat storage tank consisting of a plurality of heat storage units Applicant Takasago Thermal Engineering Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 1-I-

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A heat medium circulation path is formed between a solar heat collector installed on the ground surface near the runway and a heat storage tank installed underground, and solar heat is stored in the heat storage tank. This is a runway fog removal device that uses a heat storage tank to inject heated rapid air into the atmosphere from air blowing nozzles arranged along the runway, the heat storage tank containing a large number of heat storage substances sealed in the air. It consists of a collection of heat storage units, each of which is comprised of a container filled with a heat storage material that can be melted by the heat collected by the solar collector, and each container contains a heat transfer fluid. A runway fog removal device characterized in that a passage for misting is formed. (2) A heat medium circulation path is formed between a solar heat collector installed on the ground surface near the runway and a heat storage tank installed underground, and solar heat is stored in the heat storage tank. A runway fog removal device is configured to inject heated air into the atmosphere from air blowing nozzles disposed along the runway, the heat storage tank containing a large number of heat storage materials sealed with heat storage material. Consisting of a collection of heat storage units, each heat storage unit)
It consists of a container filled with a heat storage material that can be melted by the heat collected by the solar heat collector, and a passage is formed in each container to flow a heat medium fluid. A runway fog removal device that also serves to prevent road surface freezing, characterized in that heat is transferred into the runway surface via a heat pipe.