JPS5870891A - Water-purifier utilizing aquatic plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively remove pollutants, etc. from filthy water with a simplified apparatus, by providing sand and pebble layers having thickness of 15- 25cm through a porous member at a space above the bottom in the water-running passage of a water-purifying cell, and growing aquatic plants in the water- running passage. CONSTITUTION:Water to be purified is let flow into a water-running passage 5 where aquatic plants 4 are grown, to remove dissolved substance and organic substance such as nutritive salts of nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. in the water with the aquatic plants 4. The water to be purified is filtered by passing it through the layer of pebbles 7A and the layer of sand 7B in each of water-purifying cells 1A-1C and then brought into contact with air by letting the water fall downwards through the water-purifying cells 1A-1C having heads so that the water is affected by aeration. The thickness of the pebbles 7A is preferably at 15- 30cm, while that of the sand 7B is preferably at 15-25cm. The aquatic plants 4 in the water-running passage 5 are preferably grown in a manner such that the distance between their adjacent roots is held at 15-30cm.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a water purification device using aquatic plants.

Conventionally, various methods have been used to remove pollutants from wastewater such as agricultural wastewater from fields and wastewater from landfills. However, it is not a fool's errand that requires the expense of administering drugs, and there are problems such as secondary adverse effects caused by them and subsequent post-treatment of the precipitate.

Therefore, the present invention was made to solve the various problems mentioned above, and it is a method that can remove pollutants in water and purify the water quality by using aquatic plants.
The object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that has a simple structure and a high water purification effect.

That is, in the water purification device using aquatic plants of the present invention, the water to be purified is introduced from the upper part.

1. Forming a layer of sand and gravel each having a thickness of about 15 to 25 CrIL via a porous member on the bottom space of the flow channel of the septic tank that can flow out from the bottom space provided at the bottom, and In the flow channel of the septic tank, Habo 15c1rL
It is constructed by planting aquatic plants at a distance between plants of 30 crrL, and a plurality of such purification tanks can be arranged with a head difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the water to be purified, Furthermore, it is a desirable configuration to arrange an aeration pipe for aeration at the bottom of the above-mentioned purified water tank.

Embodiments of the water purification apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the different embodiments shown in each drawing, the same parts are indicated by the same part numbers.

First, in the water purification apparatus of Example 1 shown in the plan view of FIG. 1 and the side view of FIG. 2, a plurality of purification tanks IA,
The IB and IC are arranged so that the water to be purified, indicated by arrow W, flows into the water to be purified from the upstream flow section 18A, and flows out from the water outflow section 18B while providing an appropriate head on the downstream side. , the water to be purified flows in by overflowing the weir 6 from the bit 17 set aside at the upper part of the upstream side of each of the purification water tanks IA, IB, and IC, and flows out through the bottom space provided at the bottom of the weir 6.゛、Flow channel 5 through which this water to be purified flows down
The inner bottom space is formed, for example, by an underdrain pipe 8, which is a porous member having many thin slits or small holes on the pipe surface, and a thick layer of gravel 7A with an outer diameter of 2 crrL to 3 cn'L is placed on the upper part of the underdrain pipe 8. A layer with a thickness of 15 cIn to 25 CrrL is formed, and a layer with a thickness of 15 cIn to 25 Crr is formed on top of the layer.
A sand and gravel layer formed by forming a layer of L fine sand 7B is provided.

In addition, there are 1. Aquatic plants 4 are planted at a distance of 15 crrL to 30 cIrL, and furthermore, this septic tank IA
, IB, and IC are provided with drain pipes 11 for cleaning the water purification equipment, and these water purification tanks IA, IB, and I
When C becomes dirty, cleaning water is made to flow down into the drain pipe 11.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, the water to be purified is made to flow into the flow channel 5 in which the aquatic plants 4 are planted, and the water is purified by Ω-dissolved substances such as nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. Organic substances can be removed by aquatic plants 4, and gravel 7A1 sand 7B of each purification tank IA, IB, IC
Sand consisting of 1. The water to be purified is filtered by passing through the gravel layer, and is further flowed down to each of the purification tanks IA, IB, and IC, which are installed with a difference in head, so that it comes into contact with air and is aerated. It can also be effective.

Next, in Example 2 shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 3, a filtered water purification device is shown which has almost the same configuration as Example 1, but the difference is that at the bottom of the flow channel 5, An aeration pipe 10 communicating with the air pipe 9 is arranged to more actively aerate the water to be purified by air jetted from a nozzle of the aeration pipe 10. Furthermore, the purification water tanks IA, IB, A wire mesh (not shown) is laid as a porous member on the pedestal 13 in the bottom space provided at the bottom of the IC, and a gravel layer made of gravel 7A and sand 7B similar to that in Example 1 is formed on the wire mesh. This further improves the filtration effect of purified water.

As mentioned above, the porous member interposed between the bottom space and the sand/gravel layer is not limited to the underdrain pipe 8 of Example 1 and the wire mesh of Example 2, but any porous member may be used as long as it is a porous member. You can also use something like

Here, in the present invention, the aquatic plants 4 used for removing nutrient salts etc. from water include Yoshi, Futo,
Plants that grow naturally in Japan, such as snails, rushes, and toadstools, can be used, but as shown in the water purification device of Example 3 in Figure 4, water plants 4 such as water moths floating on the water surface can be used. Floating plants 4 may be planted, and the aquatic plants 4 should be appropriately selected depending on the degree of contamination of the water to be purified.

In addition, it is preferable to consider the following regarding the retention period of the water to be purified.

In particular, when removing organic substances, nutritional salts, etc. dissolved in water, it is recommended that the retention period (residence time) of the water to be purified be 3 to 4 days or more. It is desirable to create a method or facility for flowing purified water that lasts for at least 8 days.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to lay an underdrain pipe 8 similar to the one shown in the figure.

Next, Embodiment 4 shown in the side m1 plan view of FIG. 5 shows a water purification device that is almost the same as Embodiment 2 of FIG. The water injection pipe 15 is arranged at the bottom of the septic tank 1A, and the water injection pipe 15 is installed at the bottom of the septic tank 1A.
When the inside of A becomes dirty, close the outlet 16 of the bottom space, inject water from this water injection pipe 15 as shown by arrow P, and backwash the water from the bottom space to the flow channel 5 side via the sand/gravel layer to discharge cleaning water. The water overflows from a weir 14 provided at the upper part of the downstream side of the purified water tank 1A as shown by the arrow W, so that the inside of the purified water tank 1A can be completely cleaned.

Further, in the fourth embodiment, the air pipe 9 communicating with the aeration pipe 10 is also introduced from the bottom of one purification water tank.

Therefore, in the water purification device of the present invention, nutrients, etc., can be removed from the water to be purified by the aquatic plants planted in the water channel, and the removal of the nutrients, etc. In addition, the sand and gravel layer facilitates p-filtration of the water to be purified, resulting in highly effective water purification.

In particular, in the sand/gravel layer where aquatic plants are planted, the rhizomes of the plants are spreading, improving water flow and aeration, and further promoting the overflow effect.

Further, the water purification device of the present invention has the advantage that it has a simple structure, is easy to install, and requires almost no running cost.

Although a single aquatic plant has a rectifying effect on the water to be purified flowing in the water channel of the water purification device of the present invention, a good rectifying effect cannot be obtained if the distance between the plants is too large. Also, if it is too small, the running water resistance will be too large and it is inappropriate, and according to the experimental results, 2.
It has been confirmed that the distance between the plants at position rrL is optimal.

Furthermore, the water purification tank applied to the water purification device of the present invention may be of any shape. It is also effective to install it at the outlet of a pond, swamp, etc. to a river, and its uses are extremely wide.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show water purification devices in different embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a plan view of Embodiment 1, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the main part of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of Embodiment 3, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of Embodiment 4. IA, IB, IC...purification tank, 4...aquatic plants,
5... Waterway, 7A... Gravel, 7B... Sand, 8.
...Underdrain pipe, 10...Aeration pipe, 13...
- Frame, 17... pit. 6 Figure 5 Procedural Amendment 1, Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 167157 2, Title of the invention Water purification device using aquatic plants 3, Person making the amendment Relationship with the case Patent applicant 4, representative Address: Pelican Building 5, 3-3-3 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105 Date of amendment order (1) “Wire netting” on page 5, lines 17 and 18 of Meimisakisho
is corrected as "mesh material". 2) "Wire mesh" in line 4 of page 6 is corrected to "mesh material."

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Through a porous member, each of 15~25c
Form a sand and gravel layer with a thickness of IrL, and add 15 to 30 crr in the flow channel of the septic tank.
A water purification device using aquatic plants, characterized in that the aquatic plants are planted at a distance of L. 2. The water purification device using aquatic plants according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of purification water tanks are arranged with a head difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the water to be purified. 3. A water purification device using aquatic plants according to claims 1 and 2, wherein an aeration pipe for aeration is provided at the bottom of the purification water tank.