JPH01228598A - Water treatment apparatus by aquatic plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the activity of rooting zone bacteria by effectively bonding nutriments in inflow raw water to the water roots of an aquatic plant by a method wherein a plurality of reticulated containers having the aquatic plate taking root thereinto are provided in a water flow passage so as to be set to one flow wall of said flow passage in a freely detachable manner and a main flow passage is formed between the flow walls on the opposite side of said flow passage to generate turblent flow between the containers. CONSTITUTION:When raw water is allowed to flow in a water flow passage 11, the flow of raw water viewed from the upper part of the water flow passage 11 passes through the main flow passage 41 formed between flow walls of the water flow passage opposed to the reticulated containers 15 of an aquatic plant 15 mounted to one flow wall 40 of the water flow passage and a part of the flow enters between the containers 15 to generate a vortex stream 27. Since this vortex stream falls gently, the colony of rooting zone bacteria already formed to the aquatic plant 16 is not released and nutriments in raw water are properly bonded to the water roots 17 of the aquatic plant 15 over the whole thereof. As a result, the activity of rooting zone bacteria is enhanced and the absorption of the nutriments in raw water is effectively promoted and water having transparency enough to permit the growth of fish can be obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention uses aquatic plants or other vascular plants that can grow on water to provide nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to the water surface of the waterway.
The present invention relates to a water treatment system η for treating raw water such as water from rivers, lakes and marshes, or gray water that is eutrophicated with class Z substances.

[Prior art] In rivers, lakes, ponds, artificial ponds, fountain ponds, wastewater, water tanks, etc., into which wastewater such as household wastewater, sewage, industrial wastewater, and agricultural water from fields flows (:t1 The sewage contains suspended suspended solids and organic matter and nitrogen,
Nutrient salts such as phosphorus make the water highly nutritious and deteriorate water quality1
7. There is a problem that it becomes impossible for fish to live and further deteriorates the water quality. This is because the water contaminated by the above-mentioned sewage (hereinafter referred to as "raw water" in the present invention) becomes eutrophic, and plankton etc. are generated in OSE, and the bodies of fish and plankton etc. that die due to lack of oxygen in the water settle and accumulate. 1M of bottom mud
The water becomes sludge and the dead fish and plankton are decomposed by oxygen, so dissolved oxygen (DO) is consumed and becomes oxygen deficient. When this oxygen deficient condition occurs, H2S begins to be generated, and at the same time iron, manganese, and nitrogen are decomposed. This is because phosphorus is eluted. Therefore, in order to stop the eutrophication of the raw water, it is necessary to supply oxygen to the bottom of the water and prevent the leaching of nutrients, or to remove 1 g of nutrients leached from the bottom mud by some method. be. General methods for removing eluted nutrient salts include mechanical means such as scraping and collecting bottom sludge, sucking it up with a pump, etc., concentrating the sucked up sludge to form a solid substance, and disposing of it, and sulfuric acid band. Chemical means are known, such as adding a flocculant such as to generate phosphorus and m-soluble compounds to inactivate the mixture, or sterilizing with chlorine or the like. However, the former type of treatment method requires large-scale equipment, and the latter type of chemical treatment method requires chemical treatment equipment and a large amount of flocculant, which can damage the habitat of fish and other living things. It is not suitable for Both are also undesirable from a landscape perspective. Furthermore, when eutrophication occurs, algae grow due to the action of the three major plant nutrients and photosynthesis, impairing transparency, but since the algae that grow are microorganisms, there is a problem that they cannot be completely removed even by filtration. Ta. Therefore, floating or aquatic aquatic plants, such as water hyacinth and water lily, or other vascular plants that can grow on water, are placed in net containers placed below the water surface of ephemeral or circulating waterways, and submerged. Several devices have been disclosed that treat raw water mainly through the activities of rhizosphere microorganisms that form around roots that have developed. (Example or Special Public Service No. 62-2
(See No. 8720) In the device (hereinafter referred to as "aquatic plant treatment device J" in the present invention) that purifies raw water mainly through the activities of a group of dark fungal organisms that form around the aquatic plants, If nutrients such as nutrient salts in the inflowing raw water are effectively attached to plants, the activity of rhizosphere microorganisms will be increased and the absorption of nutrients in the raw water will be promoted, which will improve the treatment effect of the raw water. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In conventional water treatment devices using aquatic plants, in order to effectively attach nutrients in the inflowing raw water like water to plants, the bottom of the flow channel is Blockers such as gravel or blocking plates are installed to create moderate turbulence in the flowing water, allowing some of the turbulence to flow gently through the underwater root zone of plants.However, this method is not effective. In order for rhizosphere microbial colonies to develop, fairly intense turbulence must be created in order to effectively mix the raw water flowing down the roots of the plant up and down, thereby destroying the already formed rhizosphere microbial colonies. There is a risk of peeling off.Moreover, with this method,
The state of turbulence may change depending on the size of objects placed throughout the waterway that cause turbulence, the flow rate and velocity of raw water, and changes in the waterway area due to the growth of plant roots. eIt was difficult to arrange the system appropriately, and the effectiveness of water treatment was low. Furthermore, with this method, when underwater roots develop and hang directly under a net-like container that prevents plants that have grown in the upper part of the waterway from being submerged, the raw water mixed by the turbulence flows above and below the underwater roots. Since the state of penetration differs between the two parts, there is a problem that nutrients in the raw water do not adhere effectively, and as a result, the effect of absorption of nutrients is low. Furthermore, this method has the problem that it is necessary to install a barrier over the entire lower surface of the aquatic plant to create turbulent flow, and the cost is high. The present invention uses a simple device to generate moderate turbulence in a raw water channel, effectively attaching nutrients in the raw water to the underwater roots of aquatic plants, and effectively treating the raw water to support fish, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment system using aquatic plants for obtaining clear greywater with a transparency of about 0.5 m, for example, that living organisms can live in.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above object, in a water treatment device in which aquatic plants are grown in a water channel, a plurality of net-like containers each having aquatic plants attached thereto are placed in the water channel in opposite directions that form the flow rate of the water channel. A main channel is formed between the other side wall of the flow channel facing each container to generate turbulent flow between the containers. It is characterized by the following. Furthermore, one or more partition walls are provided to form a flow rate in the flow direction in the flow channel, and a divided flow channel is formed between the partition wall and the side wall of the flow channel, or between the plurality of partition walls, A plurality of net-like containers planted with aquatic plants are removably provided in the divided flow channel at appropriate intervals on at least one of the side walls or partition walls that form the flow rate of the divided flow channel, and are arranged opposite to each of the containers. A main channel is formed between the side walls of the divided flow channel to generate turbulent flow between the containers. In addition, if the main flow path is formed between containers with opposing flow rates, that is, opposite to both the side walls and/or partition walls, turbulent flow will occur on both sides of the main flow path, resulting in effective water flow. Be able to process it. It is effective for water treatment to provide a means for draining sludge at the bottom of the water channel. Furthermore, a hook is provided on the net-like container in which the aquatic plants are planted, and the container is connected to the watercourse or the water passage through the hook.
'II It is preferable to hang it on the upper end of the side wall of the flow channel.

[Effect]

When raw water flows into a flow channel, the flow of raw water seen from the upper part of the flow channel is a flow channel facing a net-like container with the aquatic plants attached to the flow rate of at least one of the flow channel or the divided flow channel. When the flow passes through the main flow path between the flow rate and the flow rate of the divided flow channel, a portion of the flow flows between the container and the container attached downstream at an appropriate interval, creating a gentle vortex-like turbulent flow. Occur. The underwater roots of aquatic plants develop directly under and around the net-like container, and nutrients such as one nutrient in the raw water attach to the net-like underwater roots, and a colony of rhizosphere microorganisms is formed. The organic matter inside is converted into molecules '+1' and absorbed from the water. The vortex generated at this time descends while drawing a gentle vortex, so the nutrients in the raw water are distributed over the entire upper and lower parts of the underwater roots in multiple layers without causing the already formed rhizosphere (colonies of insects to separate). As a result, the activity of the root group organisms will be enhanced, and the absorption of nutrients in the raw water will be effectively promoted. Since a plurality of net-like containers planted with the above-mentioned aquatic plants are installed in the area, the raw water that flows down is gradually treated, fish and other organisms are generated, and this is used as a water source.
It is possible to obtain clear gray water with a transparency of about 0.5 m that can be observed from water. If the plants do not attach to the underwater roots and fall to the bottom, they will be slowly washed away, but the slurry drainage means installed at the bottom of the flow channel effectively removes the coarse fallen suspended matter. Be it. Additionally, a -I Ht hook is provided on the container, and the hook is attached to the (
When the container is suspended at the upper end of the flow rate consisting of a wall and a partition wall, the container can be easily removed from the side wall, so that it is easy to remove thick or dead aquatic plants. Whether it's the surface or replacing the culture soil,
It is also easy to remove the roots.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In Figure 2, water from rivers, lakes, etc. that is eutrophic with nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus or! In the water 1r11 in which raw water such as drainage water flows, floating or floating aquatic plants 16 such as water hyacinth, orchid or other vascular plants that can grow on water are grown and developed in the water. The microscopic rhizosphere that forms around the roots 4
In the water treatment device 10 for treating the raw water, the water treatment device 10 is mainly used for the activities of 2nd revision, in which a partition wall 13 is provided in the flow channel 11, and the partition wall 13 and the side wall 35 of the flow channel]1 are divided flow channels with a flow rate of 40. form 12. At the upstream and downstream ends of the partition wall 13, flow regulating plates 14 and 14' are provided, respectively, over the entire cross section of the flow channel 11 to support and fix the partition wall 13. A distribution pond 22 for distributing the raw water to each of the divided flow channels 12 is provided on the upstream side of the rectifying plate 14.
A collecting tank 23 for water treated in each divided flow channel 12 is provided on the downstream side of 4'. An introduction pipe 20 for conveying the raw water to the distribution pond 22
1) A water pipe 21 for transporting the treated water is arranged in the joint pond 23 via a pump 24. In each divided flowing water #512, the aquatic plants 16 are placed in an upper section along with a culture medium 18 made of stone, sponge, rock wool, etc. (not soil, and varies depending on the type of plant);
A plurality of plants are implanted in a basket-shaped mesh container 15 having a square shape, and connected via hooks 19 provided at the upper end of the mesh container 15.
The flow rate of the divided flow channel 12 is suspended from one side wall 35 at an appropriate interval, and a main flow channel 41 is formed between each container 15 and the opposing side wall 35 of the divided flow channel. The containers 15 are provided so as to generate turbulent flow between them. In addition, when a plurality of containers 15 are removably provided on both the side walls 35 and the partition wall 13 of the divided flow channel 12 at appropriate intervals, each container 15 provided on both the side walls 35 is are arranged at opposing positions, and a main flow path 41 is formed between each of the opposing containers 15,
The containers 15 are arranged so as to generate turbulent flow between the containers 15 arranged in parallel in the water flow direction. Note that the net-like container 15 may be a basket-like container having a substantially circular shape on the upper UI surface. Furthermore, the mesh container 15
The mesh containers 15 may be similarly arranged and removably fixed to the flow rate 40 without providing the knock 19 at the upper end of the mesh container 15). The bottom surface of the flow channel 11 is inclined in the width direction, and a mud draining pipe 25 is provided at the lowest position via a valve 26 to make the flow channel 11 coarser.
It collects the falling suspended matter and allows it to be discharged.5
Next, to explain the operation of the embodiment of the present invention, when the eutrophic raw water is sent from the introduction pipe 20 to the distribution pond 22 of the flow channel 11, it is rectified by passing through the rectifying plate 14. The water is divided into each divided flow channel 12. Minute! '11 Nutrients such as nutrient salts in the raw water flowing into the flow channel 12; and submerged roots of aquatic plants 16 planted in the mesh container 15 attached to the flow rate 40 made up of the side wall 35 and the partition wall 13; Attach to 17 and root I! ! A colony of microorganisms is formed, and the organic matter in the raw water is decomposed by the rhizosphere microorganisms and absorbed from the water solution 17. Therefore, when the raw water flowing into the divided flow channel 12 passes through the main channel 41 between the mesh container 16 in which the aquatic plants 16 are planted and the partition wall 13 of the opposing divided flow channel 12, part of the flow i1 : A gentle vortex-like turbulent flow flows between the mesh container 15 and the mesh container 15 installed downstream through an appropriate gap,
In other words, 9 flows 27 occur. Since this vortex 27 descends in a sandy manner, the nutrients in the raw water adhere to the entire upper and lower parts of the underwater roots, without causing the colonies of rhizosphere microorganisms that have already formed to separate. , the activity of rhizosphere microorganisms is enhanced, and the absorption of nutrients in raw water is effectively promoted. In this way, the divided flow channel 12
Since a plurality of flocculent containers 15 with aquatic plants 16 planted therein are provided, the raw water flowing F is gradually treated, and the rectifying plate 1
4' and reaches the collection pond 23. In this way, it is possible to obtain clear gray water with a transparency of 0.5 m that allows fish and other organisms to grow. The suspended matter in the raw water that aggregates and becomes coarse due to biological action while flowing down the water channel does not adhere to the underwater roots 17 of the aquatic III species 16 and falls to the bottom of the water channel 11, and this fallen suspended matter The sludge pipe 29 moves to a low position on the bottom surface of the flow channel 11 which is inclined in the width direction, and is slowly pushed downstream. As shown in FIG. 4 (81, (C)), a sedimentation tank 28 is provided on the bottom surface around the position where the mud removal pipe 25 is installed, and the fallen suspended matter 29 is discharged to the outside. The sludge is deposited in the sedimentation tank 28 and the sludge is removed from the drainage pipe 2 as needed.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, a sediment 11130 may be provided on the bottom of the collection/li! 23 to collect the fallen suspended solids 29 that have been slowly flowing down the bottom of the flow channel 11. The accumulated fallen suspended solids 29 may be discharged from a sludge pipe 31 extending to a settling tank 30 by a pump 32 provided in the sludge pipe 31. A mesh container 15 in which the aquatic plants 16 are planted. Since they are cage-shaped, the underwater roots 17 develop directly under and around the net-like container 15, making it easier for nutrient suspensions in the raw water to be captured around the underwater roots 17, making it easier for rhizosphere microorganism colonies to form. Since the mesh container 15 provided with the hooks 19 is suspended from the upper end of the partition wall 13 via the seven hooks 19, the mesh container 15 can be easily converted to VAAlB2, and can be used to store flourishing aquatic plants 16 or dead aquatic plants. Aquatic plants 1
6 can be easily replaced. Also, it is easy to replace the culture soil and remove the roots. As shown in FIG.
1, the water treatment device 10 of the present invention can be installed in the flow channel 11, and the treated water can be used by being sent to the pond through a circulation pipe 34 equipped with a pump 33 for pumping up the water. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a bypass waterway 11 may be provided in a natural or artificial river, and the water treatment device 10 of the present invention may be installed in the waterway 11 to perform water treatment. In any case, the water treatment device of the present invention can be easily installed in the flow channel itself if there is a flow channel.3 [Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, This produces the effects described below. In a water treatment device in which aquatic plants are grown in a flow channel, a plurality of net-like containers in which aquatic plants are planted are removably provided in the flow channel at appropriate intervals depending on the flow rate of at least one of the flow channels. At the same time, a main flow path is formed between each of the containers and the other flow channel of the flow channel facing each other to generate turbulent flow between the volumes U, so the device is very simple and inexpensive. Since the flow that occurs between each of the net-like containers planted with the aquatic plants falls slowly, the already formed rhizosphere microbial colonies are not detached, and the nutrients in the raw water are distributed all over the upper and lower parts of the underwater roots. As a result, the activity of rhizosphere microorganisms is increased,
The absorption of nutrients in the raw water is effectively promoted, and the transparency is 0.5m, which is enough for fish and other organisms to grow! You can get gray water. Furthermore, since the device of the present invention is an all-natural water treatment device, it can perform treatment that is harmless and safe for fish and other living things, and when combined with other water treatment devices, it can be used for pre-treatment or post-treatment. It can be used as a processing device. In addition, in an artificial stream, it is possible to easily install the water treatment device using aquatic plants of the present invention in the middle of the stream, and if installed in a park or the like, it will be possible to improve the aquatic environment by planting various ornamental plants. It will be a botanical garden, so above the water it will be a landscape, and below the water it will be a raw water treatment facility. Furthermore, since each aquatic plant is planted in each net-like container, it is possible to maintain and manage each net-like container separately. Further, by providing a partition wall in the water channel to form a divided water channel, and installing the water treatment device using the aquatic plants of the present invention in the divided water channel, water treatment can be carried out very effectively. . Furthermore, by providing mud removal means on the bottom of the flow channel,
The suspended solids in the raw water that aggregate and become coarse due to the action of living things in the flowing water can be effectively discharged, and water treatment can be carried out even more effectively. In addition, by providing a hook on the net-like container in which the aquatic plants are planted, and hanging the net-like container via the hook on the upper end of the partition wall forming the flow rate of the flow channel or the divided flow channel, i'i'lI Since the wire mesh container can be easily replaced, it is possible to easily replant overgrown aquatic plants or withered aquatic plants, and it is also easy to replace the culture soil and remove roots. It is easy to manage.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a water treatment device for water plants according to the present invention, FIG. 2 (A) is a plan view, FIG. C) is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow B-B, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a net-like container planted with aquatic plants attached to the side wall, and FIG. 4(A) is a plan view of the device according to the present invention.
Figure CB) is a sectional view taken along arrow C-C, and Figure 4 (C) is taken along arrow D-
D sectional view, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of essential parts in which a settling tank is provided at the bottom of a collecting pond, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams of an application example using the device 9 of the present invention. 10 Water treatment equipment 11・Flow channel 12 Minute 1JlJ water flow junction 13 Partition wall 14・・Rectifying plate 15 M3-shaped container 16・Aquatic plant 17 Underwater roots 18・Cultivating soil 19 Rank 2〇-Introduction pipe 21・Water pipe 22・Distribution position 23-Fruit Pond 24
・Pump 25・°Sludge drainage pipe 26 Valve 27 Whirlpool
28 Sedimentation tank 29 Fallen suspended matter 30 Sedimentation tank 31
・Sludge drainage pipe 32.33 Pump 34 wj ring pipe 3
5 Flow channel side wall 40 Flow rate 41 ・Main channel patent applicant: Bell Technical Company Ltd. Contractor/Investor: Masaaki Ogura Figure 3, 6th recess

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) In a water treatment device in which aquatic plants are grown in a water channel, a plurality of net-like containers in which aquatic plants are planted are placed in the water channel, and at least one of opposing both side walls forming the flow wall of the water channel is provided. The container is detachably provided on the side wall of the container at appropriate intervals, and a main flow path is formed between the other side wall of the flow channel facing each of the containers to generate turbulent flow between the containers. Water treatment equipment using aquatic plants. (2) In a water treatment device in which aquatic plants are grown in a water channel, one or more partition walls forming a flow wall in the water flow direction in the water channel are provided between the one partition wall and the side wall of the water channel. , or a divided flow channel is formed between the plurality of partition walls, and a plurality of net-like containers in which aquatic plants are planted in the divided flow channel,
At least one of the side walls or partition walls forming the flow wall of the divided flow channel is removably provided at an appropriate interval, and
A water treatment device using aquatic plants, characterized in that a main flow path is formed between the other side wall or partition of the divided flow channel facing each of the containers to generate turbulent flow between each of the containers. (3) Each of the containers is removably provided at an appropriate interval so as to face the opposite side walls forming the flow walls of the flow channel or the divided flow channel, or the partition wall facing one side wall, or both partition walls, and 3. The water treatment device using aquatic plants according to claim 1, wherein a main flow path is formed between both side walls, a partition wall facing one side wall, or each container facing each other on both partition walls. (4) The water treatment device using aquatic plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sludge drainage means is provided on the bottom surface of the flow channel. (5) The water treatment device using aquatic plants according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the container is provided with a hook, and the container is suspended from the upper end of the side wall via the hook.