JPS5861181A - Method and apparatus for treating harmful component in the thermal treatment of waste - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for treating harmful component in the thermal treatment of waste

Info

Publication number
JPS5861181A
JPS5861181A JP15953181A JP15953181A JPS5861181A JP S5861181 A JPS5861181 A JP S5861181A JP 15953181 A JP15953181 A JP 15953181A JP 15953181 A JP15953181 A JP 15953181A JP S5861181 A JPS5861181 A JP S5861181A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
waste
amount
supply amount
thermal treatment
alkaline substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP15953181A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0210341B2 (en
Inventor
Toshiaki Fujii
敏昭 藤井
Naoyoshi Ando
安藤 直儀
Shoji Mizutani
水谷 章次
Kyoichi Okamoto
恭一 岡本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP15953181A priority Critical patent/JPS5861181A/en
Publication of JPS5861181A publication Critical patent/JPS5861181A/en
Publication of JPH0210341B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0210341B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003Waste materials

Landscapes

  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the reduction of harmful components such as NOX, SOX etc. within the permissible range, by controlling the addition amount of alkaline material according to the amount of waste, and then controlling the amount of the alkaline material according to the concentration of the exhaust gas after the thermal decomposition treatment. CONSTITUTION:Waste is thermally decomposed in the thermal decomposition column 1. Prior to the thermal decomposition, an alkaline material such as Ca compound is added from the alkaline material feeder 16 according to the charged amount of the waste by a control circuit composed of a detector 17, an arithmetical unit 18, and a regulator of the feed amount 21. After the thermal treatment, the amount of the alkaline material is controlled corresponding to the particular variation in the concentration of SOX, NOX and/or HCl in the exhaust gas by the analyzers 19, 20, an arithmetical unit 18, and a regulator 21 of the feed amount. The generation of the harmful component can be suppressed below the permissible level by this process.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解又は燃焼などの熱的処理を行
なう場合に発生するNow 、 Box或いはHCtの
如き有害成分を除去処理する方法及びその装置に関する
ものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing harmful components such as Now, Box, and HCt generated when waste is subjected to thermal treatment such as pyrolysis or combustion. .

上記の如き有害成分の除去に当たつては廃棄物をガス化
した後スクラバーなどにより洗浄する方法のほかに、処
理プロセスへの供給原料(廃棄物)にアルカリ物質を添
加する方法が用いられている。
In order to remove the above harmful components, in addition to gasifying the waste and cleaning it with a scrubber, there is also a method of adding alkaline substances to the raw material (waste) to be fed to the treatment process. There is.

このアルカリ物質添加法においては、従来は、添加量が
一定量であったため、原料供給量が変動した場合過不足
を生じ支障を来たした。例えば原料供給量が増加した場
合は、アルカリ物質不足となり、有害成分の儂度が増大
し、逆に供給量が減少した場合、アルカリ物質が過剰と
なり、未反応物逐1外界に飛散する結果となる。一方、
原料組成の変動により、有害成分の発生源物質の含有率
が変動し、生成される有害成分当量が変動し、排出規制
値をオーバーすることもある。
Conventionally, in this method of adding an alkaline substance, the amount added was a fixed amount, so if the amount of raw material supplied varied, excess or deficiency occurred, causing problems. For example, if the amount of raw materials supplied increases, there will be a shortage of alkaline substances, and the intensity of harmful components will increase.If the amount of raw materials supplied decreases, for example, there will be an excess of alkaline substances, resulting in all the unreacted substances being scattered to the outside world. Become. on the other hand,
Due to changes in the composition of raw materials, the content of the source substances of harmful components changes, and the equivalent amount of harmful components produced changes, which may exceed emission regulation values.

例えば排ガス中NOx及びHC1濃度は、原料供給量、
原料中のN 、 C1分などの含有量、熱的処理状態及
びその他の操業条件などにより時々刻々変化発生ガス中
のNOx 、 Box又はHCtのうち少なくとも一つ
の成分の淡度を検出し、これに応じてアルカリ物質添加
量を制御する第二制御方法とを用いることにより、従来
における上記の欠点を除き、有害成分の発生を許容値内
に抑制するため、供給原料に対してアルカリ物質を過不
足なく添加することができる廃棄物の熱的処理における
有害成分処理方法及びその装置を提供することを目的と
するものである。
For example, the concentration of NOx and HC1 in exhaust gas is determined by the amount of raw material supplied,
Detects the freshness of at least one component of NOx, Box, or HCt in the generated gas, which changes from time to time depending on the content of N, C1, etc. in the raw material, thermal processing conditions, and other operating conditions, and By using the second control method, which controls the amount of alkaline substances added accordingly, the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method can be eliminated, and in order to suppress the generation of harmful components within the permissible value, it is possible to control the amount of alkaline substances added to the feedstock. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for treating harmful components in thermal treatment of waste, which can be added without any additives.

本発明を、二基循環式熱分解装置を用いた実施例につき
図面を用いて説明する。熱的処理装置としての熱分解装
蓋は、吸熱反応が生じる流動層熱、4す、両塔間を砂な
どの流動熱媒体が循環している。熱分解塔1には生成ガ
スの一部が再循環して流動化ガスとして供給され、50
0〜900℃の流動層が形成されている。廃棄物は、コ
ンベヤ3によりサイロ4から供給ホッパ5に送られ、ご
み供給機6により、供給量調整が行なわれ、かつガスシ
ールを行ないながら熱分解流動層8に投入され熱分解さ
れる。
The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings regarding an example using a two-unit circulation type pyrolysis apparatus. The thermal decomposition cap, which serves as a thermal treatment device, uses fluidized bed heat in which an endothermic reaction occurs, and a fluidized heat medium such as sand circulates between the two columns. A part of the generated gas is recirculated and supplied to the pyrolysis tower 1 as a fluidizing gas.
A fluidized bed with a temperature of 0 to 900°C is formed. The waste is sent from the silo 4 to the supply hopper 5 by the conveyor 3, the supply amount is adjusted by the waste feeder 6, and the waste is thrown into the pyrolysis fluidized bed 8 to be thermally decomposed while being sealed with gas.

生成ガスは、チャー捕集装置9、ガス洗浄装置10にて
精製されてガスホルダー11に貯蔵される。
The generated gas is purified by a char collector 9 and a gas cleaning device 10 and stored in a gas holder 11.

一方、熱分解吸熱反応によって降温した流動熱媒体は、
同時に生成するチャー分を伴って燃焼塔揚送部7に送ら
れる。ここでチャー分は流動熱媒体を揚送する空気と反
応して燃焼し、更に燃焼塔に動層12において完全燃焼
し、流動熱媒体を加熱し昇温せしめ′6゜ 燃焼塔2から排出された燃焼排ガスは、異物除去機13
にてアルミニウムやダストなどを除去し、さらに集塵器
14で除塵後煙突15から大気(二放出される。
On the other hand, the fluid heat medium whose temperature has been lowered by the endothermic pyrolysis reaction is
It is sent to the combustion tower pumping section 7 together with the char produced at the same time. Here, the char reacts with the air pumping the fluidized heat carrier and is combusted, and is then completely combusted in the moving bed 12 of the combustion tower, heating the fluidized heat carrier and raising its temperature. The combustion exhaust gas is removed by a foreign matter remover 13.
Aluminum, dust, etc. are removed by a dust collector 14, and then released into the atmosphere from a chimney 15.

16はアルカリ物質添加装置であり廃棄物の供給量に応
じてアルカリ物質を添加する。アルカリ物質としそは、
へ化合物、例えばCa0 、01(OH)2 、CkC
Os。
Reference numeral 16 denotes an alkaline substance addition device which adds an alkaline substance according to the amount of waste supplied. Alkaline substances and soybeans are
to compounds such as Ca0, 01(OH)2, CkC
Os.

造化合物、例えばMgO,Mg(OH)z 、絢で03
が一般的であるが、アルカリ物質であれば何でもよく、
単味又は2種類以上の物質が混合される。
Compounds such as MgO, Mg(OH)z, Ayade 03
is common, but any alkaline substance may be used.
A single substance or a mixture of two or more substances.

アルカリ物質の添加量は廃棄物の供給量に応じて定めら
れる。正確には廃棄物の中の、有害成分発生源中の有害
成分当量に関係するが、例えばctの量を以て有害物質
量の指標とすることができる。
The amount of alkaline substance added is determined depending on the amount of waste supplied. To be precise, it is related to the equivalent amount of harmful components in the source of harmful components in the waste, but for example, the amount of ct can be used as an index of the amount of harmful substances.

この場合は、アルカリ物質量を、例えばと−する。In this case, the amount of alkaline substance is, for example, -.

Ct量は、通常廃棄物の量に対し一定なので、廃棄物の
量を測定することによって推定することができる。廃棄
物の供給を行なうごみ供給機6はスクリユー型供給機又
はピストン型供給機などが用いられるが、それぞれスク
リューの回転数又はピストンのストローク回数を測定器
17に入力せしめて供給量を求めることができる。この
測定値は対応する出力信号に変えられ、演算器18に送
られζ演算器18では適正添加量を算出して、算出値に
対応する出力信号をアルカリ物質添加量調節計21を含
むアルカリ物質添加装置16に送り、アルカリ物質の添
加量を調節する。
Since the amount of Ct is usually constant with respect to the amount of waste, it can be estimated by measuring the amount of waste. A screw type feeder or a piston type feeder is used as the waste feeder 6 that supplies waste, but the amount of feed can be determined by inputting the number of revolutions of the screw or the number of strokes of the piston into the measuring device 17. can. This measured value is converted into a corresponding output signal and sent to the arithmetic unit 18. The ζ arithmetic unit 18 calculates the appropriate addition amount, and outputs the output signal corresponding to the calculated value to the alkali substance addition amount controller 21. It is sent to an addition device 16 and the amount of alkaline substance added is adjusted.

以上の如く、測定器17.演算器18.添加量調節計2
1による制御回路を含み、廃棄物の供給量に応し4てア
ルカリ物質の供給量を制御する装置を第−一御機構と称
し、この機構で行なわれる供給量側、   I ス中のBox 、 NOx及びHClのうち少なくとも
一つの成分の濃度の特異変動に応じてアルカリ物質の供
給量を制御する第二制御装置が備えられ第二制御方法が
行なわれる。
As mentioned above, measuring device 17. Arithmetic unit 18. Addition amount controller 2
A device that includes a control circuit according to 1 and controls the amount of alkaline material supplied according to the amount of waste supplied is called the first control mechanism. A second control device is provided to control the supply amount of the alkaline substance in response to specific fluctuations in the concentration of at least one of NOx and HCl, and a second control method is performed.

即ち、集塵−14を出た燃焼排ガス中NOx 、 Bo
x及びHClのうち少なくとも一つの成分の濃度を、例
えばNOx分析計19. HC1分析計20により分析
しく必要あればSOx分析計も用いる)、それぞれの分
析値に対応する出力が演算器18に送られる。演算器1
8においては、これら成分のうち少なくとも一つの成分
が、ごみ組成変動、供給量の変動などにより予め設定し
た許容値を越えて特異変動値を示したときに、内蔵する
選択手段により、第一制御機構における測定器17から
の信号より優先して、第二制御機構における特異変動値
による信号を優先せしめ、演算器18にて演算を行ない
、必要添加量の信号を添加量調節計21に送り添加量を
制御する。
That is, NOx in the combustion exhaust gas leaving the dust collector-14, Bo
The concentration of at least one component of x and HCl is measured using, for example, a NOx analyzer 19. The data are analyzed by the HC1 analyzer 20 (an SOx analyzer is also used if necessary), and outputs corresponding to the respective analysis values are sent to the calculator 18. Arithmetic unit 1
In step 8, when at least one of these components exhibits a peculiar fluctuation value exceeding a preset tolerance value due to fluctuations in waste composition, fluctuations in supply amount, etc., the built-in selection means selects the first control. Priority is given to the signal from the specific fluctuation value in the second control mechanism over the signal from the measuring device 17 in the mechanism, and the arithmetic unit 18 performs the calculation, and sends the signal of the required addition amount to the addition amount controller 21 to start the addition. Control quantity.

本発明により、次の如き優れた利点を有する有害成分処
理方法及びその装置を提供することができ、実用上極め
て大なる効果を有する。
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for treating harmful components and an apparatus therefor, which have the following excellent advantages, and have extremely great practical effects.

(1)原料の供給量及びその組成が変化しても排出有害
成分量は一定濃度以下となる。
(1) Even if the amount of raw material supplied and its composition change, the amount of harmful components discharged will remain below a certain concentration.

(2)熱的処理状態及び他の操業条件が変化しても排出
有害燐分量は一定濃度以下となる。
(2) Even if the thermal processing conditions and other operating conditions change, the amount of harmful phosphorus discharged remains below a certain concentration.

(3)第一制御方法(機構)と第二制御方法(機構)と
を状況に応じた優先順位に従って使い分けることにより
、簡単で確実な制御機構となり、アルカリ添加量を必要
最少限の量にとどめることができる。
(3) By properly using the first control method (mechanism) and the second control method (mechanism) according to the priority order depending on the situation, a simple and reliable control mechanism can be achieved, and the amount of alkali added can be kept to the minimum necessary amount. be able to.

(4)未反応のアルカリ物質が、最少限の量となり、ス
ケール付着や後処理工程における問題が減少−する。
(4) The amount of unreacted alkaline substances is minimized, reducing scale adhesion and problems in post-processing steps.

図面は本発明の実施例のフロー図である。The drawing is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the invention.

1・・・熱分解塔、2・・・燃焼塔、3・・・コンベヤ
、4・・・サイロ、5・・・供給ホッパ、6・・・ごみ
供給機、7・・・揚送部、8・・・流動層、9・・・チ
ャー捕集装置、10・・・ガス洗浄装置、11・・・ガ
5スホルダー、12・・・流動層、13・・・異物除去
機、14・−・集塵器、15・・−煙突、16・・・添
加装置、17・・・測定器、18・・・演算器、19・
・・NOx分析計、20・・・HC1分析針、21・・
・添加量調節針。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Pyrolysis tower, 2... Combustion tower, 3... Conveyor, 4... Silo, 5... Supply hopper, 6... Refuse feeder, 7... Lifting part, 8... Fluidized bed, 9... Char collection device, 10... Gas cleaning device, 11... Gas holder, 12... Fluidized bed, 13... Foreign matter remover, 14... - Dust collector, 15... - Chimney, 16... Addition device, 17... Measuring device, 18... Arithmetic unit, 19...
...NOx analyzer, 20...HC1 analysis needle, 21...
- Addition amount adjustment needle.

特許出願人 工業技術院長Patent applicant: Director of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、 廃棄物の熱的処理に際してアルカリ物質を予め添
加して有害成分を除去する処理方法において、 熱的処理工務よりも前の工程における廃棄物の供給量に
応じてアルカリ物質の供給量を制御する第一制御方法と
、前記熱的処理工程よりも後の工程における排ガス中の
SOx 、NOx及びHClのうち少なくとも一つの成
分の濃度に応じてアルカリ物質の供給量を制御する第二
制御方法とを用いてアルカ9%質の供給量を制御するこ
とを特徴とする廃棄物の熱的処理における有害成分処理
方法。 2 前記第二制御方法における濃度が特異変動を示した
場合に、該第二制御方法を、前記第一制御方法より優先
せしめてアルカリ物質の供給量の制御を行なう特許請求
の範囲第1項記載の方法。 & 廃棄物の熱的処理に際してアルカリ物質を予め添加
して有害成分を除去する処理装置において、 熱的処理装置よりも前の工程における廃棄物供給量を検
出する廃棄物供給量検出手段と、該供給量検出手段によ
り検出された廃棄物供給量に応じてアルカリ物質供給量
を制御するアルカリ物質供給量制御手段とを備えた第一
制御機構と、前記熱的処理装置よりも後の工程における
排ガス中のNOx 、SOx及びHClのうち少なくと
もノつの成分の濃度を検出する濃度検出手段と、該濃度
検出手段によ−り検出された濃度に応じてアルカリ物質
供給量を制御するアルカリ物質供給量制御手段とを備え
た第二制御機構とを備えたことを%豫とする廃棄物の熱
的処理における有害成分処理方法。 4、 前記第二制御機構により、#1度の4I異変動を
検出した場合に、前記第二制御機構に優先して前記第二
制御機構を作動せしめる選択手段を備えている特許請求
の範囲第3項記載の装置。
[Claims] 1. In a treatment method in which harmful components are removed by adding an alkaline substance in advance during thermal treatment of waste, the alkali is a first control method for controlling the supply amount of the substance, and controlling the supply amount of the alkaline substance according to the concentration of at least one component among SOx, NOx, and HCl in the exhaust gas in a step after the thermal treatment step; A method for treating harmful components in thermal treatment of waste, characterized by controlling the supply amount of 9% alkali using a second control method. 2. Claim 1, wherein when the concentration in the second control method shows a peculiar fluctuation, the second control method is given priority over the first control method to control the supply amount of the alkaline substance. the method of. & In a treatment device that removes harmful components by adding an alkaline substance in advance during thermal treatment of waste, there is provided a waste supply amount detection means for detecting the amount of waste supplied in a process before the thermal treatment device; a first control mechanism comprising an alkaline substance supply amount control means for controlling the alkaline substance supply amount according to the waste supply amount detected by the supply amount detection means; and an exhaust gas in a process subsequent to the thermal treatment device. concentration detection means for detecting the concentration of at least one component among NOx, SOx, and HCl, and an alkaline substance supply amount control for controlling the alkaline substance supply amount according to the concentration detected by the concentration detection means. 1. A method for treating harmful components in thermal treatment of waste, comprising a second control mechanism having means. 4. The second control mechanism further comprises a selection means for operating the second control mechanism with priority over the second control mechanism when a #1 degree of 4I variation is detected by the second control mechanism. The device according to item 3.
JP15953181A 1981-10-08 1981-10-08 Method and apparatus for treating harmful component in the thermal treatment of waste Granted JPS5861181A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15953181A JPS5861181A (en) 1981-10-08 1981-10-08 Method and apparatus for treating harmful component in the thermal treatment of waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15953181A JPS5861181A (en) 1981-10-08 1981-10-08 Method and apparatus for treating harmful component in the thermal treatment of waste

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5861181A true JPS5861181A (en) 1983-04-12
JPH0210341B2 JPH0210341B2 (en) 1990-03-07

Family

ID=15695797

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP15953181A Granted JPS5861181A (en) 1981-10-08 1981-10-08 Method and apparatus for treating harmful component in the thermal treatment of waste

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5861181A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE3337973A1 (en) * 1983-10-19 1985-05-09 Deutsche Kommunal-Anlagen Miete GmbH, 8000 München Process for the thermal treatment of waste materials with addition of substances having an alkaline action
JPS60181539U (en) * 1984-05-14 1985-12-02 バブコツク日立株式会社 Sewage sludge incinerator
JPH04504556A (en) * 1988-03-02 1992-08-13 アンデルセン・キエルド Gasification method
JPH0771731A (en) * 1993-08-31 1995-03-17 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Two-furnace type fluidized incinerator
US6189460B1 (en) 1996-12-30 2001-02-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion system for sooty smoke generating facilities
ITPR20100053A1 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-10 Ghirarduzzi S R L PROCEDURE AND PLANT FOR FILLING THE GASEOUS POLLUTANTS OF THE SOV-COV-COT TYPE
JP2013515136A (en) * 2009-12-22 2013-05-02 リ コミュニティー エナジー,エルエルシー. Adsorbent-containing artificial fuel feedstock
WO2013136868A1 (en) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-19 株式会社Ihi Circulation type gasification furnace
US9062268B2 (en) 2008-06-26 2015-06-23 Accordant Energy, Llc Engineered fuel feed stock
US9688931B2 (en) 2008-06-26 2017-06-27 Accordant Energy, Llc Engineered fuel feed stock
US10174268B2 (en) 2012-01-26 2019-01-08 Accordant Energy, Llc Mitigation of harmful combustion emissions using sorbent containing engineered fuel feed stocks

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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