JPS5850828B2 - Gyro polishing method and gyroscope finishing machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] In the conventional gyro polishing method in which the workpiece is rotated and polished by penetrating into the rotating abrasive layer, the entire workpiece is removed from the abrasive layer while the workpiece is being replaced. ,
During this time, it was customary to stop polishing work.

When the polishing time is relatively long, even with this method, the ratio of the time loss required for changing the workpiece to the pure polishing time is not so large, but as abrasive materials advance and the polishing time becomes shorter, this time loss becomes extremely large.

For example, if the polishing time is 4 minutes and the time required to change one workpiece is 30 seconds, then in an 8-axis polishing machine, the workpiece change time will be 4 minutes, and 50% of the total working time will be wasted time. .

However, according to the present invention, a large number of workpieces are intermittently rotated one after another to a predetermined position, and polished workpieces are raised one after another to be replaced with unprocessed workpieces, and the workpieces other than the workpieces to be replaced are Workpieces can be polished without interrupting the polishing process.

In this way, since the workpieces are replaced one after another while the polishing process continues, the above-mentioned conventional problems have been overcome and the polishing efficiency has been successfully doubled.

The following describes an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a workpiece 1 is fixed to a shaft 2 by means of a chucking device.

The shaft 2 is mounted in a bearing 3 so as to be rotatable and slidable up and down.

Inside the bearing 3, a boss 60 to which a pulley or chain wheel (hereinafter simply referred to as a chain wheel) 4 is attached is rotatable but not slidable up and down. It is penetrated so that it can be slid up and down.

The upper surface of the boss 60 forms a clutch 55, as shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 12, which engages with a clutch 56 fixed above the shaft 2.

That is, when the shaft 2 is lowered, the clutches 55 and 56 are engaged as shown in FIGS. 7 and 12, and when the chain wheel 4 is rotated by the chain 6, the shaft 2 is also rotated, and the shaft 2 is raised. Then, as shown in FIG.
When the shaft 2 is released, the rotation of the shaft 2 stops.

The shaft 2 has a U groove 16 above the clutch 56.

Several of these shafts are provided, and bearings 3 are mounted on the turret 5 at regular intervals and on the same circumference.
Driven by a belt or chain 6 as shown in Figure 2.

This drive is performed by rotating a drive wheel 9 using a workpiece rotation motor 7 and a speed reducer 8.

10 is a tensioning device for applying tension to the belt or chain.

A hollow central shaft 11 is fixed to the center of the turret 5, as shown in detail in FIG. The gear 14 is fixed, the gear 14 meshes with a pinion 15, and the shaft of the pinion 15 is rotated by a motor 42 with a brake and a speed reducer 43.

In order to infiltrate the workpiece into the abrasive material layer, the polishing tank 47 charged with the abrasive material may be raised or the shaft 2 may be lowered.
Since the figure shows a mechanism for rotating the polishing tank 47, a method of lowering the shaft 2 is adopted.

For this reason, the fluid pressure (hydraulic or pneumatic) fixed above the housing
The piston rod of the cylinder 44 is fixed to the lifting table 52.

Furthermore, the central shaft 11 is rotatably attached to a central column 13 protruding from a lifting table 52, and the lifting table 52 is slidable up and down inside shafts 53, 53', 54, 54' fixed to the housing 12. Installation as possible.

As is clear from FIGS. 3 and 11, a flange 17 is provided on the front surface of the casing 12, and a flange 17 is provided on the front surface of the housing 12 to provide fluid pressure (hydraulic or pneumatic
The cylinder 18 is pivoted so that it can rotate through a small angle.

The lower end of the piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder 18 has a seventh
Fix the Bach nut 57 as shown in the figure, and
It is slidably mounted within a cylinder 58 and has a Bachsfring 59 in contact with its lower end.

A holder 19 is fixed to the lower end of the Bach cylinder, and the lower end of the holder 19 has a trident shape and can be fitted into the U-groove 16.

This large collar spring 59 functions to reduce the impact when the shaft 2 descends, that is, when the clutch is engaged.

A retaining plate 20 is fixed to the lower end of the fluid pressure cylinder 18,
Fixed to the retaining plate 20 is a piece 22 which is pivoted to the piston rod of another hydraulic cylinder 21 which is mounted substantially perpendicular to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder 18.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the same number of position regulating plates 23 as the shafts 2 are fixed to the outer circumference of the turret 5.

A mounting hardware 24 is fixed to the side of the housing 12.
4, the hydraulic cylinder 25 is attached so that it can rotate through a small angle.

A pivot 26 is provided at one end of the mounting hardware 24, and a lever 27
It can be installed in a small angle such that it can be rotated.

An extension 28 of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is attached to one end of the lever 2T via a pivot connection 29 and a pressing force adjustment device 30 so as to be rotatable through a small angle.

Further, a lever 32 with a claw is attached to the intermediate portion of the lever 27 via another lever 31 so as to be rotatable through a small angle.

The lever 32 rotates around a pivot 61.

In order to prevent the shaft 2 from rising during machining or when inserting a workpiece into the abrasive layer, a lifting locking device as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is provided.

This structure will be explained next.

A disk 45 is fixed to the upper end of the workpiece shaft 2 and rotates together with the shaft.

Further, a flange 33 is fixed to the bearing 3 as shown in detail in FIG.
is fixed.

Bell cranks 36 and 37 are rotatably attached to the pins 34 and 35, respectively.

One of the bell cranks 37 is provided with a protrusion so that when the bell crank 37 assumes the position 37' indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 6, the disc 45 is held down to prevent the shaft 2 from rising.

A rod-shaped pin 38 is fixed vertically to one end of the other bell crank 36 until the disk 45 is raised to the raised position, as shown in FIG.
contact as shown in FIG.

That is, the pin 38 engages the bell crank 36 while the shaft 2 is rising.
．． It has a function of guiding the stopper 39 so that the stopper 37 does not return.

The other ends of the bell cranks 36 and 37 both have elongated holes, and both elongated holes are connected by a pin 40 so as to be rotatable.

A spring 41 is fixed to the pin, and one end of the spring is fixed to a flange and a contractile force is applied thereto.

As is clear from FIG. 1, the polishing tank 47 is rotatably attached to a bearing 48 attached to the casing, and is connected to a motor 51 by a pulley 49 provided at the lower end via a reducer 50.
It is rotated by.

The abrasives used in the abrasive layer include organic or inorganic binders combined with abrasives, sintered abrasives made of microcrystalline abrasives, and organic materials (walnut shells, corn cobs, etc.). Any dry abrasive in which fine particles are sprinkled with a fine abrasive may be used, and depending on the purpose, an appropriate abrasive is used in a free state as the abrasive layer.

The operation of this device based on the mechanism described above will be explained as follows.

First, the motors for all equipment except those for rotating the turret, that is, the fluid pressure motor, polishing tank circumferential motor, and workpiece rotation motor, are driven, and when the turret is lowered, all equipment is put into operation.

At this time, if polishing requires a long time, you can attach the workpiece to all of the shafts 2 and lower the turret to start polishing, but since the polishing time is usually within 10 minutes, one workpiece can be placed at equal time intervals. Try to attach the workpiece one by one.

The sequence diagram in FIG. 9 and the sequence circuit in FIG. 10 are described for such an example.

That is, one shaft 2 is in the workpiece mounting position, the piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder 18 rises, the shaft 2 stops rising, the turret motor stops, and the claw lever 32 is fitted into the position regulating plate 23. The state in which they match is the initial state.

In this state, when a workpiece is attached to the shaft 2 and the automatic switch is pressed, the following operations are performed according to the sequence stacking shown in FIG. 9 and the electric circuit diagram shown in FIG. 10.

First, the fluid pressure cylinder 18 is activated by the electromagnetic valve 5QL-2.
Pressurized fluid is introduced to the piston side of the workpiece and the workpiece is lowered into the abrasive layer.

A clutch 56 fixed to the workpiece shaft 2 according to the workpiece shaft 2 engages with a clutch 55 formed on the boss 60, and the shaft 2
Accordingly, the workpiece 1 is rotated and the polishing operation is started.

The workpiece is lowered by a limit switch LS2-2 (hereinafter LS refers to the limit switch, and the description of the limit switch will be omitted) installed at the tip of the bracket suspended from the mouth of the fluid pressure cylinder 18. Relay R11 is activated by contacting the piston rond upper dog (not shown) (Congo R refers to the relay, and description of the relay will be omitted).

This activates the electromagnetic valve 5QL-3 to introduce pressurized fluid to the piston side of the fluid pressure cylinder 21 and disengage the holder 19 from the U groove 16.

At this time, as shown in FIG.
At the same time, the pin 38 is released and the bell cranks 36, 37 are moved by the action of the spring 41.
takes the position indicated by the chain line in the figure, and the tip 37 of the bell crank 37
' holds down the disk 45 and prevents the workpiece shaft 2 from rising during polishing.

This protrusion of the piston rond is detected when LS 3-1 provided at the tip of the bracket at the mouth end of the fluid pressure cylinder 21 comes into contact with a dog (not shown) on the piston rond, and actuates R12. , by the action of the electromagnetic valve 5QL-4, pressurized fluid is introduced into the piston rond side of the fluid pressure cylinder 25, and the piston rond 28
When the lever 27 is moved back, the lever 27 rotates around the pivot 26, and the claw lever 32 rotates around the pivot 61 and moves back as shown by the chain line in FIG. 4, releasing the position regulating plate 23.

The release of the restraint from the R
14 and the magnetic switch MS5 turns M-
The turret rotation motor 42 of No. 5 is rotated.

After a certain rotation of the electric motor, the LS is attached to the mounting hardware 24.
-5 contacts a dog (not shown) mounted on the turret 5, causing the turret rotation motor 42 to rotate.
, thereby cutting off the current to the electromagnetic valve 5OL-4, pressurized fluid is introduced to the piston side of the fluid pressure cylinder 25, and the claw lever 32 comes into contact with the periphery of the turret.

The motor rotates due to small angle inertia, and the claw lever 3
2 fits into the recess of the next position regulating plate 23', the turret 5 stops and LS4-2 is activated.

In this state, the next workpiece shaft 2' is at the workpiece attachment/detachment position, so R15 is activated by the action of LS4-2, and when the current of 5QL-3 is cut off, the piston rond side of the fluid pressure cylinder 21 is applied. Pressure fluid is introduced, and the retainer 19 fits into the groove of the chain wheel 4.

This fitting is performed using an L provided at the mouth of the fluid pressure cylinder 21.
It is detected when S3-2 comes into contact with a dog (not shown) on the piston rond, and if the current of the electromagnetic valve 5QL-2 is cut off by the action of R13, pressure is applied to the piston rond side of the fluid pressure cylinder 18. Fluid is introduced and the workpiece shaft 2' is lifted upwards.

This rising of the workpiece shaft 2' is detected by the LS 2-1 provided at the mouth of the hydraulic cylinder 18 coming into contact with a dog (not shown) on the piston rod, and the rising is stopped.

Therefore, the clutch of the workpiece shaft 2' is disengaged, and the workpiece rises above the abrasive layer and stops rotating, reaching the position for workpiece exchange.

The time required for replacement is regulated in advance by a timer, and when the time elapses, current flows through the electromagnetic valve 5QL-2 and the same operation as before the workpiece is lowered is repeated.

Further, the delay time of the next operation is determined by the timers T4, T5, To, Ts, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
This can be done by adjusting the times of T3, T9, T7, etc.

In addition, G in the circuit diagram of Fig. 10 is an indicator light indicating the operation,
W is a power lamp, PB is a pushbutton, S and R are power lines, and R16 is a position adjustment and release memory, which is used as an auxiliary relay for R9.

As described above, according to the present invention, a large number of workpieces are rotated and intermittently revolved, the free abrasive layer is rotated, and the workpieces are infiltrated into the free abrasive layer from above to perform polishing. In the gyroscopic polishing method, the large number of workpieces are sequentially revolved to a predetermined position, the polished workpieces are sequentially raised and replaced with unprocessed workpieces, and the workpieces other than the workpieces to be replaced are removed. The workpiece is polished without interrupting the polishing process, and in this way, the workpieces are replaced one after another while the polishing process continues, so even when the workpiece is being replaced, the polishing of that workpiece is only interrupted, and other workpieces are not polished. can continue polishing.

Therefore, it has excellent effects such as being able to almost double the polishing efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a device implementing the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a side view, FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the positioning device, and FIG. 5 is a front view. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the polishing shaft rise prevention device, Fig. 1 is a front view showing the structure of the polishing shaft rise prevention device and the clutch, and a and b in Fig. 8.
is the AA and BB line arrow diagram of the clutch part in FIG. 7,
9 is a sequence diagram, FIG. 10 is a sequence electric circuit diagram, FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3, and FIG. 12 is an enlarged view showing a turret driving device. 1... Workpiece, 2... Axis, 3...
...Bearing, 4...Pulley or chain wheel, 5...
... Turret, 6 ... Belt or chain, 7 ... Workpiece rotation motor, 8 ...
・Reduction gear, 9... Drive wheel, 10...
...Tension device, 11... Central shaft, 12...
...Case, 13...Central pillar, 14...
Gear, 15...Pinion, 16...U
Groove, 17...Flange, 18...Fluid pressure cylinder, 19...Holder, 20...
...Holding plate, 21...Fluid pressure cylinder, 22
...Small piece, 23...Position regulating plate, 24
......Mounting hardware, 25...Fluid pressure cylinder, 26...Pivot, 27...Lever 28...Piston rod, 29... ...
・Pivot connection, 30... Pressing force adjustment device, 3
1... Lever, 32... Lever with claw, 33... Flange, 34, 35...
Pin, 36, 37... Bell crank, 31'.
...Another position of the bell crank, 38...
Pin, 39... Stopper, 40...
Pin, 41...Spring, 42...Motor with brake (for turret rotation), 43...
Reducer, 44...Fluid pressure cylinder, 45...
... Disk, 47 ... Polishing tank, 48 ...
...Bearing, 49...Pulley, 50...
・Reducer, 51...Motor, 52...
Lifting platform, 53, 53', 54, 54'... Shaft, 55... Lower clutch, 56...
・Upper clutch, 57... Bach-nut, 5
8...Bach cylinder, 59...
Bach-Spring, 60...Boss, 61...
····pivot.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a gyroscopic polishing method in which a large number of workpieces are rotated, a free abrasive layer is rotated, and the workpieces are infiltrated into the free abrasive layer from above for polishing, the large number of workpieces are moved to a predetermined position. The workpiece is rotated intermittently, and when the polished workpiece reaches a predetermined position and stops, only that workpiece is raised, replaced with an unprocessed workpiece, and then the unprocessed workpiece is A gyro characterized in that the workpieces are returned to the abrasive layer, while the workpieces other than the elevated workpiece are rotated on their own axis to polish without interrupting the polishing process, and the workpieces are replaced one after another while the polishing process continues. Polishing method.