JPS5923947B2 - Gyro polishing method and gyroscope finishing machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] In the conventional gyro-polishing method in which a large number of workpieces are rotated and polished by infiltrating them into a rotating free abrasive layer, polished workpieces and unprocessed workpieces are exchanged. It was customary to remove the entire workpiece from within the abrasive layer during the interval, and then stop the polishing operation.

Even with this method, when the polishing time is relatively long, the time loss required for replacing the workpiece will not be a large proportion of the net polishing time, but as abrasive materials advance and the polishing time becomes shorter, this time loss becomes extremely large. growing. For example, if the polishing time is 4 minutes, the time required to replace one workpiece is 30 minutes.
Assuming that the workpiece change time is 4 minutes in an 8-axis polishing machine, 50% of the total working time is wasted time. However, according to this invention, only the workpieces that have been polished are replaced with unprocessed workpieces, and other workpieces continue to be polished, thereby eliminating wasted time and substantially doubling the polishing efficiency. Not only was this successful, but it also enabled post-processing such as washing with water before removing the machined workpiece, thereby improving machining efficiency. The present invention will now be explained based on an exemplary device used for carrying out the invention.

In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a workpiece 1 is fixed to a shaft 2 by means of a chucking device. The shaft 2 has a plurality of shafts (8 shafts are shown in the figure, but any number of shafts may be used).As seen from above, the shafts 2a, 2b, 2 are arranged clockwise in the clockwise direction.
c...... Attach the 2nd symbol. The common elements for the eight axes are a, b, c...
They are distinguished by the corresponding symbol. The shaft 2 is rotatably and slidably mounted in a bearing 3. A boss 62 to which a pulley or a chain wheel (hereinafter simply referred to as a chain wheel) 4 is attached is rotatably but non-slidably attached within the bearing 3, and the shaft 2 rotates and rotates within the boss 62. It is slidably penetrated. The upper surface of the boss 62 forms a clutch 55, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, which is adapted to engage with a clutch 56 fixed above the shaft 2.

That is, when the shaft 2 is lowered, the clutches 55 and 56
When the chain wheels 4 are rotated by the chain 6, the shaft 2
Both rotate, and when the shaft 2 rises, the clutch is released and the shaft stops rotating, as shown by the b-axis in FIG. A detachable ring 16 having a square groove is fixed above the clutch 56 of the shaft 2. Bearings 3 of these several shafts (eight are shown in the figure) are mounted on the turret 5 at regular intervals and on the same circumference, and are driven by a belt or chain 6. This drive is performed by rotating a drive wheel 9 by a workpiece rotation motor 7 and a speed reducer 8. 10
is a tensioning device for applying tension to a belt or chain.

A hollow shaft 11 is fixed to the center of the turret 5, as shown in detail in FIG. It is rotatably mounted. A gear 14 is further fixed to the hollow shaft 11, and the gear 14 meshes with a pinion 15, and the shaft of the pinion 15 is rotated by a motor 42 with a brake and a speed reducer 43. That is, when the motor 42 rotates, the hollow shaft 11 drives and rotates the turret 5. In order to penetrate the workpiece into the abrasive material layer, a polishing tank 47 charged with abrasive material is used.
Although the work shaft 2 may be raised or the work shaft 2 may be lowered, since the figure shows a mechanism for rotating the polishing tank 47, a method of lowering the work shaft 2 is adopted. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece is arranged so that it enters the abrasive layer when the workpiece shaft 2 is lowered, and exits the abrasive layer when the workpiece shaft 2 is raised. Two or more hydraulic (hydraulic or pneumatic) cylinders 4 (two cylinders are shown in the figure) are mounted on the base 52 to raise the workpiece axis 2.
4a and 44b are fixed. In this embodiment, since the shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise, the cylinder 44a is placed in front (the position above the center shaft 2a in FIG. 1), and the cylinder 44b is placed on the left side (above the center shaft 2b in FIG. (upper position). Two claws 33a, 34a, 33b, and 34b are fixed to the tip of each piston rod. These intervals are shaped so that the detachable ring 16 fits therein, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Between the raised positions of these claws, there is a guide 57a as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
, 57b are fixed to the base 52, and are shaped so as to guide the detachable ring 16 that has risen as shown in the figure. The same number of position regulating plates 23 as the shafts 2 are fixed to the outer periphery of the turret 5, as shown in relative positions in FIG. 2 and enlarged views in FIGS. 4 and 5. A mounting hardware 24 is fixed to the side of the housing 12, and a fluid pressure cylinder 25 is mounted so as to be able to rotate through a small angle. A pivot 26 is provided at one end of the mounting hardware 24, and a lever 27 is mounted so as to be able to rotate through a small angle. An extension 28 of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is attached to one end of the lever 27 via a pivot connection 29 and a pressing force adjustment device 30 so as to be able to pivot through a small angle. Further, a claw lever 32 is attached to the intermediate portion of the lever 27 via another lever 31 so as to be able to rotate through a small angle about a pivot 63 as a fulcrum. That is, according to these structures, when pressurized fluid is introduced into the piston side of the fluid pressure cylinder 25, the piston protrudes, the lever 27 pivots about the pivot 26, and the claw lever 32 pivots about the pivot 63. Therefore, the tip of the claw of the claw lever 32 contacts the outer periphery of the turret 5, and when facing the recess of the position regulating plate 23, the fourth
As shown in the figure, when the turret is fitted inside and stopped at the specified position and pressurized fluid is introduced to the piston rod side of the hydraulic cylinder 25, the claw lever 32 moves back as shown by the chain line in Figure 4. Then, the claw of the claw lever 32 is released, and the restraint of the turret 5 is released. As is clear from FIG. 1, the polishing tank 47 is rotatably mounted in a bearing 48 attached to the housing, and is rotated by a motor 51 via a reducer 50 through a pulley 49 provided at the lower end. I'll do it.It's getting better. The abrasives used in the abrasive layer include organic or inorganic binders used to bind abrasives, sintered abrasives made from sintered microcrystalline abrasives, and organic materials (walnut shells, corn cobs, etc.)
Any dry abrasive material may be used, such as a dry abrasive material in which fine particles are sprinkled with a fine abrasive material. Depending on the purpose, an appropriate abrasive material is used in a free state as the abrasive material layer. The operation of this device based on the mechanism described above will be explained as follows.
This device automates all operations except attachment and detachment of the workpiece, and the sequence diagram in the case of automation is shown in FIG. 9, and the electrical circuit diagram is shown in FIG. 10. The symbols in FIG. 9 indicate names of external equipment, and the symbols in FIG. 10 indicate symbols of electrical circuit diagrams. The procedure for starting this apparatus is to first drive the motors for all apparatuses except those for rotating the turret, that is, the polishing tank motor 51 and the workpiece rotation motor 7, and then all the apparatuses enter into operation.

The polishing tank motor 51 is indicated by M-1 in FIG. 9, and is driven by the magnetic switch MSl in FIG.
After driving, it rotates continuously. Workpiece rotation motor 7
is indicated by M-2 in FIG. 9 and is driven by the magnetic switch MS2 in FIG. At this time, if polishing requires a long time, you may attach workpieces to all shafts 2 and start polishing, but since the polishing time is usually less than 10 minutes, one workpiece is placed at equal time intervals. Try to attach the workpiece one by one. For example, if the time required for polishing is 12 minutes, 6 out of 8 axes are performing polishing, so it is sufficient to attach and detach the workpiece at 2 minute intervals. First, we will describe the operation in a steady state where workpieces are attached to all axes, and we will supplement the starting and ending times as special cases. In other words, one shaft 2a on the front in Fig. 1 is in the workpiece mounting position, and the shaft on the left (
2b) with the raised position i.e. the hydraulic cylinder 44
The initial state is the state in which the pistons a and 44b are in the raised position, all other shafts are in the lowered position, the turret motor 42 is stopped, and the claw of the claw lever 32 is fitted into the position regulating plate 23. shall be. In this state, when a workpiece is attached to the shaft 2a and the start switch is pressed, the following operations are performed according to the sequence diagram shown in FIG. 9 and the electric circuit diagram shown in FIG. 10. First, the electromagnetic valve SOL is activated by the relay CR6 (hereinafter CR refers to the relay and the description of the relay is omitted) in Fig. 10.
2, pressurized fluid is introduced to the piston side of the fluid pressure cylinder 44a, and the pinton rod is lowered. Therefore, the workpiece axis 2a is lowered and the workpiece 1a is exposed to the abrasive material layer 47.
Infiltrate inside and begin polishing. When the workpiece 1a is lowered, the clutch 55a attached to the workpiece shaft 2a and the detachable ring 1
The clutch 56a attached to the workpiece 1a is engaged with the clutch 56a attached to the workpiece 1a.
starts rotating. At the same time, the electromagnetic pulp'. activated by CR7. Pressurized fluid is introduced into the piston rod side of the hydraulic cylinder 25 by the action of SOL3, and the turret is released as shown by the chain line in FIG. The workpiece is lowered by a limit switch LS4 (hereinafter LS will refer to the limit switch and the description of the limit switch will be omitted. In FIG. 10, LS4 is the contact point of L4. ) is the dog ( ) on the piston rod of the cylinder 44a.
(not shown), and release of the turret restraint is detected when LS6 (contact point of L6 in FIG. 10) provided at the mouth end of the cylinder 25 contacts a dog (not shown) on the piston rod 28. (not shown). Due to the operation of the LS6,
The turret rotation motor 42, designated M-3, starts rotating via the magnetic switch MS3. In this embodiment, the turret rotates counterclockwise. When the turret rotation motor 42 starts rotating, the removable ring 16a moves into the hydraulic cylinder 44, as is clear from FIG.
It comes off from the claws 33a and 34a at the tip of the piston rod a. On the other hand, the next removable ring 16b moves from the claws 33b and 34b, moves onto the guides 57a and 57b, and slides thereon gradually approaching the front. Then, by the action of the electromagnetic valve SOLl activated by CR5, the piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder 44b is lowered, and the claws 33b, 3
4b waits at a position where the next workpiece shaft is fitted. This lowering is caused by LS2 (contact point of L2 in FIG. 10) provided at the tip of the bracket suspended from the base 52 coming into contact with a dog (not shown) on the piston rod of the cylinder 44b. detected. On the other hand, the piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder 44a rises and waits at a position where it engages with the detachable ring 16b of the shaft that is moving on the previous guides 57a and 57b. This rise is caused by LS3 (L in Fig. 10) installed at the mouth end of cylinder I44a.
3) contacts a dog (not shown) on the piston rod of cylinder 44a. During this time, the machined corner workpiece 1b is exposed on the surface of the abrasive layer, so post-processing such as washing with water can be performed. Next, the LS5 (
When the L5 contact in Fig. 10 comes into contact with the dog (not shown) mounted on the turret 5, the MS
3, thereby stopping the turret rotation motor 42 labeled M3, thereby introducing pressurized fluid to the piston side of the fluid pressure cylinder 25 by the action of the electromagnetic valve SOL3, and turning off the claw lever 32. The claw of the lever 32 is brought into contact with the periphery of the turret, the claw of the lever 32 with a claw fits into the recess of the next position regulating plate 23b, and the turret 5 is stopped. At this time, the detachable ring 16b of the workpiece shaft 2b has a claw 33a,
34a, and the shaft 2b is in the front workpiece attachment/detachment position, so the machined workpiece is removed and the unprocessed workpiece is attached. Next, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 44b is raised by the action of the electromagnetic valve SOL1. This rise is detected when LSI (contact point of L1 in FIG. 10) provided at the mouth end of cylinder 44b contacts a dog (not shown) on the piston rod of cylinder 44b. After that, repeat the operations described above. Moreover, the operation at the time of starting is not particularly different from that at the time of steady state. However, at this time, there is no workpiece at the position of the fluid pressure cylinder 44b until workpieces are attached to all axes. Furthermore, if you stop mounting the workpiece at the end of the workday, all the workpieces mounted on the workpiece shaft will be processed and there will be no more workpieces in the machine, so you can turn off the switch at that time. Further, the interval between operations of each part or the time of each operation can be adjusted by adjusting the times of timers TRl, TR2, TR3, etc., as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. Further, the original position in FIG. 10 means returning to the original position and operating, and is not necessarily necessary for the present invention. Also, in this explanation, an example has been described in which only two axes are raised to bring the workpiece above the abrasive layer, but it is also easy to raise three axes, for example, instead of the fluid pressure cylinder 44b, Attach the fluid pressure cylinder 44c to the position of the center shaft 2C (hereinafter referred to as the C position), and install the guides 57a and 57b.
It is sufficient to extend from the C position to the position of the fluid pressure cylinder 44a. However, there is no particular advantage to raising the three axes. Next, the connection and disconnection of the electric circuit in the implementation device will be explained based on a circuit diagram.

First, manually press the operation preparation button (lower left side in Figure 10).
When switch PB3 is set to ON, the circuit of CRl is completed, so CRl becomes operational. If CRl works, switch CSl becomes 0N. If that circuit is automatically selected, CR2 will work. In this case, if the circuit is connected normally, the automatic lamp G2 lights up. Next, C
If R2 works, switch MS for polishing tank motor 5-1.
l, MS person, workpiece rotation motor 7 switch MS2
CR2 and timer TRl become 0N, and polishing tank 4
7's heater 51 and the workpiece shaft 2's motor 7 start,
The polishing tank 47 and the workpiece shaft 2 start rotating (10th
Figure ◆.

As a result of the above, timer TRl times up after a certain period of time, CR4 becomes 0N, MS is turned off, and MS△
becomes 0N, and the polishing tank is in a steady state. MS like this
The purpose of switching between human and MSΔ is to use a method of starting a motor with a large capacity. On the other hand, in the control circuit, if CR2 is ON and relays Ll, L3, and L5 are ON, relay L7 is ON, which is the start condition.
In this case, CRlO also becomes 0N. Next, start button PB
When l8 is pressed, CR3 becomes ON if relay L7 is ON as described above.

Also, when CR8 becomes 0N, timers TR2, TR3 (
TR2 (TR3) becomes 0N, CR6 and CR7 become 0N.
becomes. When the CR6 becomes 0N and the shaft a descends,
At the falling end, relay L4 turns 0N and at the same time CR9, CR
lO becomes 0N, CR7 becomes 0N, the claw is removed, and relay L6 becomes 0N. When the relays L4 and L6 become 0N,
Motor switch MS-3 turns ON and the turret starts rotating. When the turret begins to rotate as described above, timer TR2 times up, CR5 becomes ON, and the b-axis is lowered. When the b-axis descends, relay L2 goes to 0.
Do N. When relay L2 turns ON, CR9 turns OFF because relay L4 is turned ON as described above. Furthermore, when the timer TR3 times up while the turret is rotating, CR6 turns 0FF and the a-axis rises. Next, when the turret is at a fixed position during rotation and relay L5 turns ON, CRlO turns ON and CR5 turns OFF, causing the b-axis to rise. At the same time as above, motor switch MS3 is also 0.
It becomes FF and the turret stops. So CR7 is also 0
It becomes FF, the claw is inserted, timers TR2 and TR3 also become 0FF at the same time, and the cycle is completed. Therefore, polishing is continued by repeating the above operations. In addition, G in FIG. 10 is an indicator light indicating the operation of the operation, 1
indicates the power lamp, 0L indicates the original position, PB indicates the push button, CS indicates the select switch, scale indicates the star timer, △ indicates the delta timer, and AF indicates the fuse. That is, according to the present invention, when polishing a large number of workpieces while rotating and rotating them, the workpieces are sequentially rotated to a predetermined position, the polished workpieces are sequentially raised, and the polished workpieces are rotated and rotated while being polished. After turning the completed workpiece to the workpiece loading/unloading position while performing post-processing such as washing with water and anti-rust treatment, the polished workpiece is sequentially replaced with an unprocessed workpiece, and then the unprocessed workpiece is Since the workpieces being machined are lowered and the polishing process is performed sequentially, many other workpieces continue to be polished and post-processed while the machined workpiece is being replaced with the unprocessed workpiece. This has the effect of significantly improving the efficiency of polishing and subsequent processing.

In the conventional gyro polishing method, many workpieces were polished and replaced at the same time, so machining was interrupted while the machined workpiece was being replaced with an unmachined workpiece, and the effective machining time was reduced accordingly. However, the efficiency was low,
The method of the present invention significantly improves this point.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a device implementing the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a side view, FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the positioning device, and FIG. 5 is a front view. Fig. 6 is an enlarged front view of the workpiece axis lifting and guide device, Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged plan view, Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional view showing one drive device of the turret, and Fig. 9 is a sequence diagram. , FIG. 10 is a sequence electrical circuit diagram. 1... Workpiece, 2... Workpiece axis, 3.
...Bearing, 4...Pulley or chain wheel, 5
... Turret, 6 ... Belt or chain, 7 ... Workpiece rotation motor, 8 ...
...Reducer, 9...Drive wheel, 10...
...Tension device, 11...Hollow shaft, 12...
...Casing, 14...Gear, 15...
・Pinion, 16... Detachable wheel, 23...
・Position regulating plate, 24...Mounting hardware, 25...
...Fluid pressure cylinder, 26...Pivot,
27... Lever, 28... Piston rod, 29... Pivot connection, 30...
・Pushing force adjustment device, 31... Lever, 32...
...Lever with claw, 33, 34...Claw, 4
2... Motor with brake (for turret drive), 43... Speed reducer, 44... Fluid pressure cylinder, 47... Polishing tank, 48... ...
・Bearing, 49...Pulley 1, 50...
Reducer, 51...Motor, 52...
Base, 55, 56...Kuratu 7, 57゜゜゜゜゜゛゛朔朔朔朔, 61゜゜゜゜゜゜Center axis, 62...
Boss, 63... Pivot.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Rotate and rotate a large number of workpieces, and
In the gyro polishing method in which the free abrasive layer is rotated and the many workpieces are infiltrated into the free abrasive layer from above for polishing, the many workpieces are sequentially rotated to predetermined positions and the polishing is completed. The workpieces are raised one after another, and the polished workpieces are rotated to the workpiece loading/unloading position while being subjected to post-processing such as washing with water and anti-corrosion treatment, and then the polished workpieces and the unprocessed workpieces are separated. After that, the unprocessed workpieces are lowered to penetrate into the free abrasive layer and the polishing process is restarted sequentially, thereby removing the workpieces other than the workpieces to be replaced. A gyroscopic polishing method characterized in that a workpiece is polished without interrupting the polishing process, and the workpieces are sequentially post-processed and replaced while the polishing process continues.