JP3247205B2 - Spindle device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle device used for a working machine for working from both ends of a work and holding and rotating the work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-28725, there is a processing machine in which a spindle device is provided at the center of a base and cutting devices are provided at both ends of the base. In this processing machine, a workpiece is held and rotated by a spindle device, and boring at both ends of the workpiece can be simultaneously performed by cutting devices at both ends.

[0003] The structure of a conventional spindle device is such that a cylindrical rotary body is rotatably provided on a headstock, a clamp mechanism for holding a workpiece is provided on the rotary body, and the rotary body is rotated by a motor. I have to.

The clamp mechanism has an annular diaphragm which allows a workpiece to be inserted inside the rotating body, a plurality of clamp claws for clamping the outer surface of the workpiece, and the diaphragm is opened by the clamp. A cylinder for displacing in the direction is provided. When the rotating body is stopped, the air supply means is connected to the cylinder, the air pressure is applied to the cylinder, the diaphragm is displaced in the opening direction, and the clamp pawl is opened, whereby the workpiece can be attached and detached. To do. When the supply of air pressure is stopped when the workpiece is mounted, the clamp claw moves in the closing direction due to the elasticity of the diaphragm, and the outer surface of the workpiece is clamped by the clamp claw.

[0005]

In the structure of the conventional spindle device, since the workpiece is clamped by the elasticity of the diaphragm, the clamping force of the workpiece is only the elastic force of the diaphragm. Considering that the centrifugal force generated at the time of rotation acts on the claws in the clamp opening direction, there is a problem that the workpiece is not securely clamped, and the workpiece is displaced or oscillated, thereby reducing the processing accuracy. .

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and enables the processing of a workpiece from both ends.
As a result, the reduction of the clamping force due to the centrifugal force during the rotation of the rotating body
It is an object of the present invention to provide a spindle device capable of preventing the influence and reliably clamping a workpiece.

[0007]

A spindle device according to the present invention comprises a headstock and a cylindrical shaft rotatably provided on the headstock.
A rotating body that opens at both ends in the direction, a driving unit that rotationally drives the rotating body, and a flange portion with respect to the inside of the rotating body.
A clamping mechanism that holds a workpiece protruded from a peripheral surface , and a spindle device capable of processing the workpiece from both ends of the rotating body, wherein the clamping mechanism includes:
The workpiece is provided inside the rotating body, and the workpiece is inserted therein.
That an annular base portion, provided on the base, of the workpiece
Positioned at a position concentric with the rotating body with respect to the peripheral surface
And one end in the axial direction of the flange of the workpiece
A reference member for positioning the axial position based on the surface ,
It is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the reference member, the off by pressing the axial end face of the flange portion of the front Symbol workpiece against the reference member
Close the clamp to clamp the flange in the axial direction
Open the clamp to release the ramp and allow the workpiece
It includes a plurality of clamping claws that swingable between a state, the cylinder to open and close the clamp jaws is provided on the base, and a connection plug which communicates with the cylinder provided one axial end surface of the base portion , A clamp operating means capable of holding the supply state of the working fluid to the cylinder, and a connection cup detachably connected to a connection plug of the clamp operation means, and clamped in a connection state between the connection plug and the connection cup. And a working fluid supply / discharge means for supplying / discharging the working fluid to / from the cylinder of the working means.

[0008]

In the spindle device of the present invention, when a workpiece is mounted on the spindle device, the connection cup of the working fluid supply / discharge means is connected to the connection plug of the clamp operation means, and the cylinder is operated to open the clamp pawl. Then, the workpiece is fitted to the reference member and set. After setting the workpiece, the cylinder is operated, and the flange portion of the workpiece is clamped to the reference member by the clamp claw. After clamping is completed,
The connection cup of the working fluid supply / discharge means is disengaged from the connection plug of the clamp working means, but the cylinder keeps its working state and keeps the workpiece clamped. Processing is performed by rotating the workpiece in this clamped state.

On the other hand, when the workpiece is taken out of the spindle device, the connection cup of the working fluid supply / discharge means is connected to the connection plug of the clamp operating means, the cylinder is operated to open the clamp claws, and the workpiece is clamped. Take out.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the spindle device of the present invention is applied to a processing machine will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, a workpiece 1 will be described with reference to the drawings. For example, the workpiece 1 is a cylindrical housing of a differential gear, and cylindrical portions 2 are formed coaxially at both ends, and a flange portion 3 is provided at one end side around the circumference. The protrusion 4 is formed near the flange 3, and the window holes 5 are formed at a plurality of locations.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the processing machine. Reference numeral 11 denotes a base. A spindle device 12 and a clamp operating device 13 are provided at a central portion of the base 11, and cutting devices 14 are provided at both ends of the base 11, respectively. Has been established.

The spindle device 12 has a headstock 21 erected on the base 11, and the rotating body 2 is provided at the center of the headstock 21.
2 are provided. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotating body 22 is formed in a cylindrical shape open at both ends in the axial direction , and the outer peripheral portions at both ends are rotatably supported by the headstock 21 by bearings 23. A gear portion 24 as a rotation driving force receiving portion is formed at the center of the outer periphery of the rotating body 22, and a mounting portion 25 is formed at the center of the inner circumference. A part 26 is formed.

A gear 27 meshing with the gear portion 24 of the rotating body 22 is rotatably supported on the upper inside of the headstock 21, and as shown in FIG.
Is mounted, and the gear 27 and the drive shaft of the motor 28 are connected via a belt transmission mechanism 29 and a speed reduction mechanism (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Is provided with a clamp mechanism 31 for holding the workpiece 1. The clamp mechanism 31 includes a base 32, which is formed in an annular shape with a substantially L-shaped cross section.
It is joined to one end side and the inner peripheral surface of the mounting portion 25 of the rotating body 22, and is fixed by a mounting screw 33 that is inserted through the mounting portion 25 from the other end side of the mounting portion 25 and screwed to the base 32. The base 32 has a notch 34 on the outer diameter side corresponding to the position of the notch 26.

A reference member 35 is attached to the other end of the base 32. In the reference member 35, a tapered introduction portion 36 and a projection 4 of the workpiece 1 are fitted on the inner peripheral portion, and a positioning portion 37 for concentrically positioning the workpiece 1 with respect to the rotating body 22 is formed. An end surface is joined to one axial end surface of the flange portion 3 of the workpiece 1 to form a positioning portion 38 for positioning an axial position with reference to one axial end surface of the flange portion 3 of the workpiece 1. I have. This reference member 35
Is attached to the attachment member 39, and this attachment member 3
9 is fitted to the other end of the base 32 and is detachably attached with the attachment screw 40.

A pair of support portions 41 are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the reference member 35 so as to fit into the notches 26 so as to correspond to the positions of the respective notches 26, and between the pair of support portions 41, respectively. A clamp claw 42 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 43. The clamp claw 42 has a lever portion 44 at one end.
Are protruded, and a reference member 35 is provided at the other end.
A claw portion 45 for clamping the flange portion 3 of the workpiece 1 is formed between them, and is urged in a clamp opening direction by a spring (not shown).

A clamp operating means 51 is attached to the base 32. This clamp operating means 51 is
2 has a cylinder 52 attached to the position of each notch 34 at one end thereof, and the tip of a rod 54 connected to a piston 53 in this cylinder 52 projects into the notch 34, and a clamp claw 42 is attached to the tip of the rod 54. The cam member 55 which contacts with the lever part 44 of this is connected. Further, pedestal portions 56 are attached to three places on one end surface of the base portion 32. Each pedestal portion 56 has a connection plug 57 for clamping, a connection plug 58 for releasing clamp, and a connection plug 59 for confirming seating, respectively. Installed. Each connection plug 57-59
Each of the cylinders 52 has an air communication hole (not shown), and a connection plug 57 for clamping is communicated with one end in each cylinder 52, that is, on the side opposite to the rod projecting side, through an air passage 60 of the pedestal 56. plug 58 is in communication other end i.e. with the rod de protruding side in each cylinder 52. Each of the connection plugs 57 and 58 has a structure in which a valve mechanism is built in and the air circulation hole can be closed. When the air supply unit 61 described later is connected, the valve mechanism is operated to open the air circulation hole. Has become.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the clamp operating device 13 has an air supply unit 61 as a working fluid supply / discharge means. The air supply unit 61 is connected to a support plate 62, a connection cup 63 connected to a connection plug 57 for clamping, a connection cup 64 connected to a connection plug 58 for releasing clamp, and a connection plug 59 for checking seating. The connection cups 65 to be connected are respectively attached. The connection cups 63 and 64 are the connection plugs 5
7, 58, the air flow passage is communicated. The connection cups 63 and 64 are connected to an air control circuit (not shown).
The air pressure is supplied to and discharged from each cylinder 52 through 7, 58.

A support mechanism 66 for supporting the air supply unit 61 is provided. The support mechanism 66 has a support shaft 68 on the upper end of a support frame 67 erected on the base 11 in parallel to the axial direction of the rotating body 22. An oscillating body 69 is attached to the support shaft 68. The swinging body 69 has a lever portion 71 projecting from a bearing portion 70 which is rotatably and axially slidably fitted to the support shaft 68, and the air supply unit 61 is attached to the tip side of the lever portion 71. Have been. Also,
An oscillating air cylinder 72 is connected to the oscillating body 69,
By the operation of the air cylinder 72, the air supply unit 61 is moved to a lower position where the air supply unit 61 faces the clamp operating means 51 as shown in FIG. 1 and a retracted position where the air supply unit 61 is retracted upward as shown in FIG. Be moved. Further, although not shown, a driving means for horizontal movement is connected to the rocking body 69 and is moved along the support shaft 68.

The cutting device 14 has a vertical moving unit 82 mounted on the upper portion of the base 11 to move along the base 11 by driving a motor 81. The horizontal moving unit 82 is driven by a motor 83 on the upper portion of the vertical moving unit 82. 8
The tool rest 85 is attached to the upper part of the horizontal moving unit 84 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction.
A plurality of tool mounting portions 86 are mounted on the tool post 85,
A tool 87 is attached to each blade attachment portion 86. The tool rest 85 is rotated by a motor (not shown) so that one of the tool mounting portions 86 is selectively opposed to the spindle device 12.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

First, in order to mount the workpiece 1 on the spindle device 12, the air supply unit 61 is connected to the clamp operating means 51.
, And move closer to the clamp operating means 51 to connect the connection cups 63 to 65 to the connection plugs 57 to 59.

Each cylinder 5 is connected through a connection cup 63 for releasing the clamp and a connection plug 57 by an air control circuit.
2 is supplied with air pressure, the cam member 55 is retracted, and each clamp claw 42 is brought into the clamp open state.

The workpiece 1 is inserted into the inside of the reference member 35 from the other end of the rotating body 22, and the projection 4 on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 1 is inserted.
Is fitted into the positioning portion 37 through the introduction portion 36 of the reference member 35, and the axial direction of the flange portion 3 of the workpiece 1 is
The one end face is brought into contact with the positioning portion 38 of the reference member 35.

The air control circuit supplies air pressure to each cylinder 52 through the connection cup 64 and the connection plug 58 for clamping, causes the cam member 55 to advance, and swings each clamp claw 42 in the direction of closing the clamp. Claws 42
Class for clamping the axially claw portion 45 of the by pressing the axial end face <br/> of the flange portion 3 of the workpiece 1 to the reference member 35
The pump is closed .

In the clamp closed state, the workpiece 1 is positioned concentrically with respect to the rotating body 22 and the axial position is determined with reference to one axial end face of the flange portion 3 of the workpiece 1.

The air supply unit 61 is moved away from the clamp operating means 51 and is moved to the upper retreat position. Even if the air supply unit 61 is detached from the clamp operating means 51, the state in which the air pressure for clamping is supplied to the cylinder 52 by the valve mechanism of the connection plugs 57 and 58 is maintained, and 1 is held.

Next, the processing of the workpiece 1 is performed simultaneously by the cutting devices 14 at both ends. In this processing, as shown in FIG. 4, inner diameter finishing of each cylindrical portion 2 of the workpiece 1 is performed by each cutting tool 87 for inner diameter processing, and as shown in FIG. 5, processing of the workpiece is performed by each cutting tool 87 for outer diameter processing. The outer-diameter finishing of each cylindrical portion 2 and the backing-finishing of the workpiece 1 are performed by each backing bit 87 as shown in FIG.

By simultaneously processing the workpiece 1 by the two cutting devices 14 in this manner, the working efficiency is improved and the concentricity of both ends of the workpiece 1 can be improved. Moreover, since the workpiece 1 is securely held by the clamp mechanism 31, high processing accuracy can be obtained.

Further, the workpiece 1 after processing is transferred to the spindle device 12.
From the air supply unit 61 as described above.
Are connected to the respective connection plugs 57 to 59 of the clamp operating means 51, and the connection cup 63 and the connection plug 57 for releasing the clamp are controlled by the air control circuit.
Air pressure is supplied to each cylinder 52 through the
5 is retracted, and each clamp claw 42 is swung in the clamp opening direction to release the clamp of the workpiece 1. Then, the workpiece 1 is taken out from the inside of the rotating body 22.

When the workpiece 1 having a different size or shape is to be machined, the reference member 3 is fixed by the mounting screw 40.
5 and the clamp claws 42 can be easily replaced.

The rotary driving force receiving portion provided at the center of the outer periphery of the rotary body 22 is not limited to the gear portion 24, but may be a pulley for transmitting a belt.

[0034]

According to the spindle device of the present invention, in a spindle device which enables machining of a workpiece from both ends ,
An annular base into which the workpiece is inserted is provided inside the rotating body that opens at both ends of the workpiece, and the base is provided with reference to the peripheral surface of the workpiece.
As a concentric circle with the rotating body
The shaft with respect to one end face in the axial direction of the flange of the workpiece.
A reference member for positioning the direction position is provided.
The other axial end surface of the flange portion of the position and the workpiece on the outer peripheral side of the
Shaft flange portion of the workpiece between the pressing to the reference member and
A plurality of clamp jaws for clamping the direction, provided with clamp actuation means having a connecting plug which communicates with the cylinder located in one axial end surface of the cylinder and the base opening and closing these <br/> clamp jaws, furthermore, the clamping Since the working fluid is supplied and discharged from the working fluid supply / discharge means having a connection cup detachably connected to the connection plug of the operation means to the cylinder of the clamp operation means, the workpiece is
Pressurized Engineering upon which enables the ends direction, off of the workpiece
Rotating body by clamping the flange part from the axial direction
Prevent the effects of decreased clamping force due to the centrifugal force during the rotation
Thus, the workpiece can be reliably held, which can contribute to the improvement of the processing accuracy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a spindle device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a part of the spindle device of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a processing machine using the spindle device of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an inner diameter finishing process of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outer diameter finishing process of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining back seat finishing processing of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Workpiece 3 Flange part 12 Spindle device 21 Headstock 22 Rotating body 28 Motor as drive means 31 Clamp mechanism 32 Base 35 Reference member 42 Clamp claw 51 Clamp actuating means 52 Cylinder 57, 58, 59 Connection plug 61 Working fluid supply Air supply unit 63, 64, 65 as ejection means Connection cup

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23B 31/30 B23B 31/107 B23B 39/22 B23B 41/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A headstock and a rotatably provided headstock.
A rotating body having a cylindrical shape and opening at both ends in the axial direction; a driving means for rotating the rotating body ;
A clamping mechanism for holding the workpiece, the flange portion of which is protruded from the peripheral surface, and capable of processing the workpiece from both ends of the rotating body. The workpiece is provided inside the rotating body, and the workpiece is inserted therein.
An annular base portion provided on the base portion, positioned at a position concentric with the rotating body with respect to the peripheral surface of the workpiece, and an axial end face of a flange portion of the workpiece. a reference member for positioning the axial position as reference, are positioned on the outer peripheral side of the reference member, the off by pressing the axial end face of the flange portion of the front Symbol workpiece against the reference member
Close the clamp to clamp the flange in the axial direction
Open the clamp to release the ramp and allow the workpiece
It includes a plurality of clamping claws that swingable between a state, the cylinder to open and close the clamp jaws is provided on the base, and a connection plug which communicates with the cylinder provided one axial end surface of the base portion A clamp operating means capable of holding a supply state of the working fluid to the cylinder, and a connection cup detachably connected to a connection plug of the clamp operation means, and clamped in a connection state between the connection plug and the connection cup. A spindle device comprising: a working fluid supply / discharge unit that supplies and discharges a working fluid to / from a cylinder of the operating unit.