JPS58502131A - Water cultivation method and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Water culture method and equipment The present invention relates to a hydroponic method, particularly a method for continuously growing plants from seeds. and regarding equipment.

Hydroculture is a method of growing plants or other vegetables without using soil. It is said that it is well known. Apparatus for carrying out water culture is also known, e.g. , UK Patent Nos. 1,597,111 and 1,597,112 by the applicant It is stated in each specification of the issue.

However, conventional equipment operates exclusively as a batch system.

By the way, for example, when producing feed for livestock, grass is supplied regularly and continuously. Therefore, continuous operation that operates independently of the natural environment is required.

The present invention aims to provide a method and apparatus for such continuous operation. are doing.

Broadly speaking, the present invention involves taking seeds of a desired plant, transferring them to a bed, and the conditions necessary for the germination of seeds, the growth of seedlings, and the mature growth of plants. The mature plants are then removed from the bed. The goal is to provide a way to do it.

Additionally, the present invention can support beds containing seeds or plants; (2) minutes into multiple consecutive zones The purpose of the invention is to provide a device having a series of slanted shelves. .

In this continuous zone, plants are exposed to the necessary environmental conditions depending on their stage of growth. be done.

According to the present invention, a bed for containing seeds or plants and a tray having drainage holes is provided. provided with the following. A discharge control unit is attached to this discharge hole. There is. The discharge controls are slidably fitted one within the other; It consists of a pair of tubes that are concentric with each other, and the inner tube and outer tube are located in the circumferential direction of each other. Relative motion allows them to partially or completely match each other. It has a vertical orifice. The outer tube also has an orifice to determine the level. We are prepared.

The inner tube is a fluid-tight fit inside the tray outlet hole and is partially or completely closed. The orifice in the fully matching tube is below the surface of the seeds or plants in the tray. It is preferable to provide the In this way, the orifice of the discharge control section If the seed is broken, the liquid will not pass through the orifice and the tray will not be able to properly soak the seeds. Filled with liquid. By adjusting the positional relationship of the tube orifices, The drainage time of the tray can be adjusted over a period of minutes or hours.

Check the maximum overall water level in the tray. In order to stomach. This latter orifice is such that no seeds flow out, only liquid overflows. It is recommended that other types of filter devices be attached to the mesh-like filter device. good.

Furthermore, relative movement in the circumferential direction between the inner tube and the outer tube is controlled by a stopper and a slot device. This allows the tube to move between two preset positions for operation. can be made easily.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the device of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the nutrient supply and discharge device for the reservoir of the device shown in FIG.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a preferred bed of seed or seedling pots.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the bed sump insert shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG.

Figures 6 and 7 are perspective views of the discharge regulating device used in the bed shown in Figure 6; .

In Figures 1 and 2, (1o) is a tank containing a bed for seeds or seedlings. 2 shows a shelving device of the present invention.

(4) Shelving device 00) has a large number of inclined shelves (12I) that slope from right to left, and shelves that slope from left to right. It is equipped with a large number of inclined shelves I that are inclined in the direction (see Fig. 1). Shelf (121C14 1h, running in the longitudinal direction of the device, and the device is divided into a number of zones in the longitudinal direction. It is divided. In this example, the number of zones is five. About this purpose will be explained in detail below.

The device shown in the first diagram can place three sets of etiquette side by side on any shelf a, z C141. However, the depth of the device can of course be freely selected, and it may not be necessary. Depending on the need and space, the space can be made narrower or wider.

Next, a preferred shape of the seedling bed will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 6.

Etiquette generally consists of a tray that can hold plants and remove used or excess nutrients. Equipped with a drainage hole for draining. Place the container containing the seedlings or seeds on the right side of the device. Put it on the shelf (121) and put it on the shelf I from the left side of the device.

The device is divided into five zones: (A) (B) (C) (I)) and (El). It is. Each zone has a length that can support a certain number of seedlings. Each zone is often capable of supporting an equal number of seedling beds.

Each zone (A) to (El) contains powder for supplying nutrients to the seedling bed in the zone. A fog or dripping device α6) and a reservoir to remove used or excess nutrients from each tray. A drainage system (181) is provided.

In Figure 2, zones (Al and (C1) have drainage water Only the equipment and zones (Bl shows only the supply equipment, but each location of this equipment Each zone is equipped with a supply and drainage system to supply and remove nutrients within the bed. It is desirable that the For convenience, each zone is defined as one day's growth during the growth process of the seedling. It may also be matched with a long amount.

When using, place the etiquette containing the seedlings on the shelves (I21 and (141) on the first day. Place the plant in the plant and feed it with a nutrient solution at a concentration and amount appropriate for the growth stage. On the second day, the etiquette will be Descend to Zone (Bl, add new etiquette to Zone (N). Sea 7 (B ) is different from the amount and concentration of nutrients provided in zone (4). and depending on the growth stage of the seedling. On the third day, similarly, the etiquette zone (C ), and at the end of the fifth day, move the etiquette containing the grown seedling to the zone ( E) can be removed.

In addition, the seedlings placed on the shelf (141) were moved from the zone (Zone Den) to the (Oi) and reversed. The seedlings placed on the shelf (121) must be moved from zone (E). Needless to say. However, in each column (121 and I) in each zone (N to (E)) Since independent supply and discharge devices are provided, the device of the present invention can be operated in both directions. Etiquette for moving can be adjusted.

(6) Each powder mist or drip supply device (16) is supplied with a nutrient solution from a separate tank. So The nutrient solution is either pure water or pure water with growth-promoting nutrients, or It is made by adding other chemicals, etc.

The light necessary to promote growth is provided, for example, by a fluorescent tube. The firefly In the device shown in the first figure, the light tubes are placed above each column, but the depth of the device When the volume is not very large, it can be placed on either side of the device to illuminate the inside of the shelf. shoot Alternatively or additionally, from the outside or from the glass or It may be equipped with a device to receive sunlight through a transparent plastic material, etc. .

With further reference to Figures 3-6, etiquette for receiving seeds or seedlings. (20) from a ribbed tray (22) with a central drainage orifice (24J). It has become.

As shown in Figure 5, the insert (26) H is fitted with etiquette so that it is fixed on the rib. It is now possible to do so. The insert (26) divides the area of etiquette into many parts. , radial veins (28 )have.

A drainage regulating device (30) is provided within the central drainage orifice (241).

This drainage adjustment device (30) has an inner pipe (32) and an outer pipe (34) that are concentric with each other. , which are fastened together.

(7) The inner pipe (32) is fitted with the drainage orifice (24) in a fluid-tight manner, It protrudes upward. The inner tube (13) is similar to the outer tube (34). Numerous drainage orifices (3G! have.

A stop device (40) is fixed to the inner pipe (32), and the cut part in the outer pipe (34) (42) to control the relative movement of the two pipes in the circumferential direction. between two fixed positions.

Above the outer pipe (3a) is an overflow drain protected by a filter material such as mesh (4G). An orifice (44) is provided. The top of the outer tube (34) is open, When the nutrient solution is supplied too fast and cannot be processed by the orifice (44), or when the orifice (44) This prevents water from flowing out from the top and flooding the tray (22) when the fissure becomes clogged. It has become.

Etiquette (20) and drainage adjustment device (30) are the same as those used in the above-mentioned shelf device. However, it can also be used for other purposes.

In use, the seeds are placed on the insert (26), which is placed on the tray. It is separated from the bottom of the tray by a rib on the bottom of the tray.

The drainage adjustment device (30) is arranged so that the orifices (36) and (38) do not match. To remove grains from barley seeds, rotate with a suitable liquid, e.g. diluted hydrogen peroxide in a pot. Pour the dilution solution into the tray (8) can be met. In addition, drainage orifice C361 and (38) and partially Rotate the drain regulator (30) to match and slowly drain the liquid from the tray. It can also be discharged. Even if you leave the empty tray as it is, the liquid will The body is completely drained.

When using the existing bed (20) in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the drainage adjustment device (3 0) in advance to obtain a predetermined drainage rate. In that case, the nutrients are It is supplied dropwise through the device 0.6+ rather than being exposed. This drip feed is Fill the tray, then empty the tray with a drainage regulator at a certain time, followed by dripping. It is timed to refill the tray with nutrients by underfeeding. , this process is repeated.

If necessary, within each zone, the trays are filled only once by drip feeding. You can also adjust the time involved so that you only have to do it.

The apparatus and method of the present invention - produce usable barley from seeds, for example on a 7 day cycle; This will be explained below.

First, barley seeds are treated with chemicals that promote germination and, in the case of barley, grains are removed from the seeds. Place in a tank containing an aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide to be removed.

Leave the seeds in the tank for one day, stirring them slightly. Then drain the solution from the tank. If necessary, check the concentration of chemicals and reconstitute after reconstitution. use.

Insert the moist barley seeds into the bed (20)! 26) Place between upper veins (28) . An environmental conditioning device that provides optimal light and humidity conditions to promote seed germination. Place it in a built-in cabinet. The cabinet contains the dripping pine dew device and the seeds to be used. Consists of the necessary drainage equipment.

After two days, remove the seedlings from the germination cabinet and place them on shelves Q21 and C of the device in Figure 1. 141, and at that time, remove the existing bed that has already finished growing from the bottom of each column. Tesu makes -su. At the beginning of operation of the device, the first 5 During the day, temporary stop equipment is installed as the shelf moves from zone (A+ to (E)). It can be equipped with a

After 5 days, remove the bed containing the grown plants from the shelves and remove the roots and grass parts of the plants. After using the whole plant, including the whole plant, cut it and put it back on the shelf for further growth.

During operation of the device according to the invention, new seeds (processed daily and harvest of grown grass) is performed every day in continuous operation.

According to the device shown in Figure 1, the space is approximately 8 m long, 3 m wide, and 2 m 50 cm high. You can get 1 ton of harvest every day. Also, to get more harvest For this purpose, a large device can be used.

(10) As mentioned above, the method and apparatus according to the invention allow the external environment to be removed if necessary. To produce high yields of grass continuously in a reliable and economical manner Can be done.

FIG. 7 shows another form of the drainage regulating device.

As in the device shown in Figure 6, the pipe (32) is connected to the drain orifice (2o) in the bed (2o). 4) and protrudes above the insert (26). The tube (32) It supports a siphon tube (50) passing through a suitable hole (52) in the hole. Saiho Water is drained from one end (54) of the tube, and the other end (56) is connected to the insert body. It is located below (26).

Also within the tube (32) is a small discharge orifice (58) at the end of the siphon tube. It is provided near the section (56) and directly above the base of the bed.

The method of operating the drainage regulating device shown in FIG. 7 is as follows.

First, the nutrient solution is introduced into the bed (20) using the method described above, and placed at the top of the siphon pipe (50). When it reaches that height, the siphon tube drains the liquid.

The rate of evacuation depends on the lumen of the siphon tube.

The liquid is poured until it is below the level of the insert (26) holding the seedlings or seeds. , the liquid level is lowered by the siphon pipe, which is why an overflow drain device is provided. ing.

(11) A discharge orifice (58) discharges residual liquid below the end (56) of the siphon tube. fulfill the role of The dimensions of the discharge orifice (58) are such that the liquid typically flows into the bed (20). and is determined so as not to impede the discharge action of the siphon pipe (50). ing.

The location of the orifice (58) near the end (56) of the siphon is such that the orifice (58) 8) so that debris etc. do not come into contact with it, and the orifice (58) does not become an obstruction. It is defined as follows.

Depending on the species order of different plants and grasses, the time required to empty the bed (2o) will vary. The dimensions of the siphon tube (50) may be varied to accommodate the As mentioned above, the tube ( 32) determines the highest liquid level.

Inserts used for bedding are pre-seeded growing media such as blocks or slag chips. It may have a shape that can accommodate such items.

Procedural amendment written defense September zg, 1982 Commissioner of the Patent Office Wakasugi Wainu 1.Display of the incident PCT/GB 8210 O342 2. Name of the invention Hydroponic methods and equipment 3. Person who makes corrections Relationship to the incident: Patent applicant Name Dan, Kenneth Roy 8. Contents of amendment Translated translation of the description and claims (no change in content) International search report

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Pick up a seed or plant, transfer it to a bed, and use the bed for seed development. A continuous zone providing the necessary conditions for the growth of buds or seedlings and the mature growth of the plant. The plant automatically moves the mature plants through the bed and then removes the mature plants from the bed. A hydroponic method for growing plants. (2) Equipped with a series of slanted shelves, plants can be maintained and exposed to the necessary environmental conditions depending on their growth stage. a plant characterized by being divided into a plurality of continuous zones adapted to be A device for growing. (3) A tray having a discharge hole, the hole having a pair of mutually concentric tubes. A discharge control device is installed in which one tube can slide within the other. The inner and outer tubes are fitted together to prevent circumferential movement between the tubes. Therefore, orifices that partially or completely match each other The outer tube is fully equipped with orifices whose levels can be determined in stages. A tank water culture device for storing seeds or plants, characterized in that: (4) Equipped with a tray having a discharge hole, in which the bed is placed against the top of the siphon pipe. Once the corresponding first predetermined level has been filled, the siphon is then 2. A sensor is inserted into the drain hole to operate to reduce the liquid to a predetermined level of 2. A siphon tube is attached, and the siphon hole has first and second predetermined openings. The desired amount of time is chosen to pass between the specified levels. A water culture device containing the seeds or plants of interest. (5) The left A series of shelves that slope from right to left alternate with a series of shelves that slope from right to left. The device according to claim (2), characterized in that: (6) A series of multiple shelves are installed alternately, and each column in the series is equipped with an irradiation device, water or Claim No. 1 is characterized in that it is provided with a nutrient supply device and a drainage device. The device described in paragraph (5). (7) Compensation for each sloped column in a series so that a different fertilizer solution reaches each zone. Claims characterized in that the feeding device is divided into longitudinal zones of the shelves. Apparatus according to paragraph (6). (8) Each zone collects discharged fertilizer liquid individually, or disposes and recycles it. with an associated discharge device adapted to be returned to the normal wastewater inlet for the purpose of (14) as set forth in claim (7), characterized in that: Device. (9) Plants can be transported so that there is a gap between the drainage hole and the bottom of the bed. and a ribbed bottom surface attached to the insert. A device according to scope paragraph (2). (10) The insert should be trained so that it can be easily removed when the plant is fully grown. characterized by radial vanes dividing the The device according to claim (9).