JPS5841824A - Inhibitory substance for rise in blood serumal cholesterol - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The titled substance, containing hemicellulose obtained by the extraction from wheat bran or a residue after removing starch, protein, etc. from the wheat bran on the alklaine side as a principal component, and useful as a material for health food and drink, medicine, etc. CONSTITUTION:An inhibitory substance for rise in blood serumal cholesterol containing hemicellulsoe obtained by the extraction of wheat bran (peridermal part in an amount of about 10% of wheat grains, and separated by the grinding step of the wheat flour milling) or a residue after removing impurities, e.g. starch, protien, lipid or inorganic materials, from the wheat bran on the alkaline side as a principal component. The substance consists of about 90% or more hemicellulose and a little lignin, cellulose, ash, etc. and exhibits the inhibitory action on the rise in the blood serumal cholesterol equal to or higher than that of the dietary fibers in an amount of (1/50) or less thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a new substance that has physiological activity, particularly the effect of suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol. This invention relates to a serum cholesterol increase-inhibiting substance containing hemicellulose extracted as a main component.

In recent years, dietary fiber (dietary fiber) has been used as a health food.
(tary fiber) is attracting attention. This Thai fiber is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, etc., and is distinguished from conventional so-called crude fiber, and is a plant cell wall and cell contents contained in grains, etc. The opinion that it is a plant-based indigestible ingredient contained in

As a source of dietary fiber, grains and legumes (bran) are widely attracting attention, and these can increase or decrease serum cholesterol, prevent obesity, diabetes, appendicitis, colon cancer,
Although it is becoming recognized that there is a correlation between promoting the elimination of toxic substances in food, it has been reported that corn fiber (corn husk) has no physiological activity, especially no effect on cholesterol rise (Cerea)
l Chemistry, 56 (4), 279.19
79).

Corn fiber contains a large amount of hemicellulose (non-cellulosic polysaccharide) in addition to cellulose, and although it is presumed to be useful as a dietary fiber, why is it not physiologically active as reported above? Regarding this point, the present inventors first assumed that the cause was due to the tissue structure of corn fibers, and by subjecting corn fibers to enzymatic, chemical, and physical treatments, When the tissue structure of corn fibers was relaxed and impurities such as starch, proteins, lipids, and inorganic substances were removed, the remainder was subjected to animal experiments, and it was found that this product exerted the effect of suppressing the rise in serum cholesterol (
(Patent application 1986-96206). The present inventors further found that cellulose in the dietary fiber prepared from the corn fiber has the effect of suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol.
We conducted research to find out which substance in hemicellulose is responsible, and when the remaining part was hydrolyzed with dilute acid and most of the hemicellulose was decomposed and removed, it was subjected to animal tests. was hardly observed, and confirmed that it was caused by hemicellulose, and filed an application for a serum cholesterol increase suppressing substance whose main component is hemicellulose extracted from corn fiber on the alkali side (4! 962
07).

In addition, it has recently been announced that the residue obtained by removing starch and proteins from defatted bed rice bran, enzyme treatment and solvent treatment, which has hemicellulose, cellulose, and licinin as its main components, has the effect of suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol. 141415 (1977).

In view of the above knowledge and the prior art, the present inventors have widely sought and conducted various studies on corn fiber and grain bran other than rice bran as raw materials. found that a large amount of hemicells 0-1j present in L had a remarkable effect on suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol.
The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is directed to a serum cholesterol increase-inhibiting substance containing as a main component hemicellulose extracted from wheat bran or wheat bran after removing starch, proteins, lipids, inorganic substances, etc., on the alkaline side.

The serum cholesterol increase, 1 inhibitory substance obtained by the present invention is composed of about 90% or more hemicellulose and some lignin, cellulose, ash, etc., and contains 50% of so-called dietary fiber whose main components are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc. It exhibits the same or greater effect of suppressing the rise in serum cholesterol with less than half the amount. Therefore, by adding a small amount of the substance of the present invention to foods and drinks, it is possible to effectively impart physiological activity without impairing the flavor and texture of the food and drink, and it can be used in health foods and drinks and pharmaceuticals. It can be widely used as a material and has great industrial applications.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail.

Wheat bran, which is used as a raw material in the present invention, is the outer skin portion of the wheat grain that accounts for about 10%, and is usually separated during the grinding process of wheat flour. The composition of commercially available wheat bran is 12% crude protein, 5% crude fat, 10% crude fiber,
It consists of 4% ash and 69% soluble nitrogen-free matter.

In the present invention, hemicellulose can be extracted directly from wheat bran on the alkaline side, but subsequent extraction and purification is easier if impurities such as starch, protein, lipids, and inorganic substances are removed from wheat bran in advance. Therefore, it is preferable.

The method for removing starch, protein, lipids, and inorganic substances i from wheat bran may be any of enzymatic treatment, chemical treatment, and physical treatment, or a suitable combination of these treatments may be used. Enzyme treatment includes, for example, starch-degrading enzymes such as α-amylase and glucoamylase, protein-degrading enzymes such as protease, lipid-degrading enzymes such as lipase, and fibrinolytic enzymes such as cellulase at pH 3-9 and temperature 30-100.
The treatment can be carried out by addition under conditions of °C. For chemical treatment, an aqueous solution of mineral acid or organic acid is added to wheat bran and heated under conditions of PH-2 to 5, or a food grade surfactant is added and heat treated under conditions of PH of 3 to 8. It is done by doing. The physical treatment is carried out by pulverizing wheat bran with a pulverizer such as a homogenizer or hammer mill, and then sieving it.

The serum cholesterol increase-inhibiting substance of the present invention can also be obtained by directly extracting it from wheat bran on the alkaline side. Either starch, proteins, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. have been removed in advance and extracted on the alkaline side, or directly extracted from wheat bran on the alkaline side and processed in the same manner as above to extract starch, proteins, lipids, etc. A method of removing inorganic substances etc. is adopted.

Here, a known method can be used for the extraction method. For example, to 100 parts of the residue after removing starch, proteins, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. from wheat bran (containing cellulose, hemicellulose and some lignin, etc.), add 500 parts of IJum solution (5M hydroxide). The substance of the present invention can be extracted by shaking overnight at room temperature.

The above-mentioned extract can be widely used as a raw material for foods, drinks, and medicines, either as it is neutralized and unpurified, or after being purified if necessary.

Next, the results of an animal test using rats conducted to confirm the inhibitory effect of the substance of the present invention on the rise in serum cholesterol are shown below.

(1) Preparation of the substance of the present invention Pour 50% of wheat bran too+r into an Erlenmeyer flask, add glucoamylase (manufactured by Nagashio Sangyo: 1 x 1)
0' 0TJN/y) 5? Dissolve in 4 tons of distilled water,
1 paper, and add 0.2M acetate buffer (PH4,
8) Glucoamylase solution 5 prepared by adding It and several drops of toluene were added and kept at 40°C for 24 hours. This was filtered through a glass filter (151G3), washed with water, and then transferred to a 21-volume Erlenmeyer flask.
- 1 ton of N sodium hydroxide solution was added, the container was filled with nitrogen gas, the container was sealed tightly with a rubber stopper, and the container was shaken at room temperature for 16 hours to extract the alkali-soluble non-cellulosic polysaccharide fraction. This material is centrifuged (3,000 rpm,
After 19 minutes), the liquid portion was neutralized with glacial acetic acid, and trichloroacetic acid was added to a final concentration of 7% to precipitate the protein. Centrifuge the precipitate (5,00 rpm, 10 minutes)
Water was added to the obtained separated liquid (about 650 rnl) to make about 1.3 t, and then dialyzed in running water for 3 days using a cellophane tube. After confirming that the dialyzed content had become neutral, about 4 times the amount of ethyl alcohol (final concentration 80% or more) was added, and the mixture was incubated overnight to sufficiently form a precipitate. This precipitate was centrifuged (4,00 Orpm,
10 minutes), dissolved in 1 t of distilled water, and lyophilized to obtain pale white substance 72 of the present invention. Make this into powder,
It was used for experiments. Its composition is shown in Table 1. The composition was analyzed according to the Southgate method.

(2) Feed composition for each experimental group The feed composition (weight percentage) for each experimental group is shown in Table 2. The standard group has no additives of cholesterol, cholic acid sorter, or each test sample: the control group has 1% cholesterol and 0.25% cholic acid sorter.
Added: All other groups have 1% cholesterol
, 0.25% cholic acid sorter and each test sample were added. Among these, wheat bran is a commercially available product (manufactured by Nitto Seifun ■) with an NDF (neutral detergent treated fiber) value of 38.6, and wheat bran dietary fiber is the commercially available wheat bran mentioned above that is treated with enzymes to provide starch, protein, etc. It is a dietary supplement with an NDF' value of 80.6 from which impurities have been removed, and test plots A, B, and C contain 0.1%, 0.5%, and 0.5% of the inventive substance described in (1) above, respectively. 2.0% was added. Note that the above-mentioned NDF refers to the content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and hemicellulose in foods.
ion of official agriculture
ralChemists, 46. P825-829.1
According to the method for treating fibers with a detergent described in No. 963.

(Margins below) (3) Experimental animals and breeding method Male Spragne-Dawley rats (Nippon Talea ■) weighing 65-759 were preliminarily bred for 12 days on a standard diet, and then divided into 7 groups of 8 rats per group. The animals were fed with each of the feeds shown in Table 2 and raised for 8 days. Feed and water were available ad libitum.

(4) After completing the serum cholesterol measurement experiment, the rats were fasted overnight, and confirmed according to the usual method.
Blood was collected and measured by an enzyme method using Determiner TC (Kyowa Hakko Kogyo ■).

(5) Experimental results The experimental results are shown in Table 3. As is clear from the table, serum cholesterol in the control group was 336~/10 g (=
100), wheat bran 343'f/100mg
(102X) b wheat bran grainy fiber 2
It was 92WIg/AO round (86.9%), but in test area A using the substance of the present invention, it was 2491100m/(74,9%).
1%), B is 242%'l Oshin-(72,0%)
, the same C showed a remarkable effect of suppressing the increase in serum serum cholesterol with 152N/10 (hd (45,2X)), and there was a significant difference (
5% risk rate).

As is clear from the above results, when wheat bran itself is ingested, serum cholesterol increases slightly, and when wheat bran dietary fiber is ingested, it tends to decrease, but when the substance of the present invention is ingested, serum cholesterol increases slightly. It has been shown that the tendency of decrease is even more remarkable, and that an amount less than 1/50th that of dietary fiber can exert the same or higher effect of suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol.

Therefore, when adding the substance of the present invention to food and drink to make it a health product, the desired effect can be achieved with a very small amount of addition, so it is difficult to add a large amount of dietary fiber. It can be widely used in foods and drinks without making the inside feel rough or deteriorating the texture or flavor.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to examples.

Example 1 Commercially available wheat bran was dispersed in water, washed and sieved using a 48 mesh sieve, and the residue on the sieve was collected. This leftover 10
1000 parts of a saturated calcium hydroxide solution was added to 0 parts, and the mixture was boiled for 60 minutes with stirring, and then oxalic acid was added to neutralize it. This was thoroughly filtered, and the r liquid was decolorized with activated carbon, concentrated to a Bx concentration of 15 using a vacuum evaporator, and dried using a drum dryer (vapor pressure: 2 Kij) to obtain the substance of the present invention. The composition of the material of the present invention is 8.1% moisture, 82.8% hemicellulose, 0.1% cellulose, and 1% lignin.
．． 5%, ash 6.1%, and total nitrogen 1.4%.

Example 2 Commercially available wheat bran was sieved using a 16-menocy sieve, and the residue on the sieve was pulverized using an atomizer. 0 parts per 100 parts of this crushed material
．． Add 500 parts of 5M sodium hydroxide solution, shake overnight at room temperature, and centrifuge the resulting extract (4000 rpm).
After neutralizing the supernatant with glacial acetic acid and treating it with activated carbon, it was further purified with an anion, cation, and monobet series to a Bx concentration of 1.5.
The substance of the present invention was obtained by concentrating and freeze-drying. Composition of the substance of the present invention: moisture 12.5%, hemicellulose 82.5%
, cellulose 0.1%, lignin 1.6%, ash 2.1
%, total nitrogen was 1.3%.

Example 6 Commercially available wheat bran was ground to 32 meshes or less, suspended in water and heated with stirring, followed by a conventional method.
Dietary fiber (NDF 95%) was obtained by adding α-amylase, grotease and lipase to remove impurities such as starch, protein and fat. 100 parts of a 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution was added to 100 parts of this dietary fiber, and the mixture was maintained at 40° C. for 10 hours while stirring for dispersion and extraction. The obtained extract was centrifuged (40
00 rpm, 10 minutes) to remove the precipitate, the supernatant liquid was neutralized with glacial acetic acid, and decolorized with activated carbon. This was dialyzed in flowing water for 3 days using a cellophane tube, and after confirming that the dialyzed content had become neutral, about 4 times the amount of ethyl alcohol was added, and the mixture was incubated overnight to form a sufficient amount of precipitate. I let it happen. Centrifuge this precipitate (4000 rpm, 710 minutes)
The substance of the present invention was obtained by collecting the substance, dissolving it in distilled water, and freeze-drying it.

The composition of the obtained substance of the present invention is 9.8% water, 86.0% hemicellulose, 0.1% cellulose, and 1.4% liganin.
%, ash content 1.7%, and total nitrogen 1.0%.

Patent applicant Nihon Shokuhin Kako Co., Ltd. Procedural amendment February 1982? Japan Patent Office Commissioner Shima 1) Mr. Haruki 1, Indication of the case, Patent Application No. 139689, filed in 1982, 2, Name of the invention: Serum cholesterol m inhibitory substance 3, Person making the amendment Relationship with the case Patent applicant 4, Amendment Column for detailed description of the invention in the subject specification (1) r (Cel 1wa
ll) Correct J to r (Cell wall)J.

(2) Correct "mutual relationship" in line 12 of page 2 of the specification to "correlation."

(3) “(...,5
α4),...)" to "(......,56(
4),...)".

(4) "Homozynaiger" on page 6, line 20 to page 7, line 1 of the specification is corrected to "homozyzizer."

(5) On page 7, line 18 of the specification, "Add 500 copies of..." to "1..."
000 copies added...'' is corrected.

(6) "Sodium cholic acid" in Powder 5, page 2, line 6, line 8 of the same page, and Table 2 on page 12 of the specification are respectively corrected to "sodium cholate."

(7) rTourna on page 10, line 19 of the specification
Correct lJ to r'Journal.

(8) rspragne on page 13, line 2 of the specification
Correct J to [spragueJ.

(9) Change “to fast” on page 13, line 8 of the specification to “
I am corrected to ``Fast.''

"Enzyme method" on page 13, line 10 of the QO specification is corrected to "enzyme method."

(lυ In the specification, page 14, line 1, 9, ``...shows, significant difference...'' is replaced with ``...shows, significant difference...'' compared to the control group... ...” is corrected.

@ "Sodium hydroxide solution 500" on page 16, line 17 of the specification is corrected to [sodium hydroxide solution 1,000J].

0 In the second line of page 17 of the specification, "by the series of..." is corrected to "by the ion exchange resin of...".

Q4 Change “1.3%” on page 17, line 6 of the specification to “1.
．． Corrected to 2%-.

Oo "Sodium hydroxide solution 100" on page 17, line 14 of the specification is [sodium hydroxide solution 1,0OOJ
Correct.

(To) "Liganin" on page 18, lines 6 to 71 of the specification is corrected to "lignin."

that's all

Claims (1)

[Claims] Wheat bran or wheat bran to starch, protein, fat,
A substance that suppresses the increase in serum cholesterol and contains hemicellulose as a main component, which is extracted on the alkali side from the residue after removing inorganic substances.