JPS591688B2 - Substances that suppress serum cholesterol rise and methods for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a substance having physiological activity, particularly an effect of suppressing an increase in serum cholesterol, and a method for producing the same.

In the past, we thought that the fiber contained in fibrous agricultural products was simply a residue that was difficult to digest after being treated with solvents, hot acids, hot alkalis, etc., but in recent years, we have recognized that the fiber contained in fibrous agricultural products is simply a residue that is difficult to digest. It has become increasingly clear that food plays a positive role in health and disease.

Recently, dietary fiber (dietary fiber) has been introduced as a health food.
Tary Fiber) is attracting attention.

This dietary fiber is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, etc., and is different from the conventional crude fiber (crude fiber).
) and is contained in grains, etc., plant cell walls (
The opinion that it is a plant-based indigestible component contained in cell contents is becoming established.

As a source of dietary fiber, the bran of grains and legumes is widely attracting attention, and these can increase or decrease serum cholesterol, prevent obesity, diabetes, appendicitis, colon cancer,
Although it is being recognized that there seems to be a correlation between promoting the elimination of toxic substances in food, it has been reported that corn fiber (the outer husks of corn) has no physiological activity, especially no effect on suppressing the rise in cholesterol ( Cerea
lChemistry, 56(4), 279.19
79).

Although corn phihani contains a large amount of hemicellulose (non-cellulosic polysaccharide) and is presumed to be useful as a nutritional fiber, why is it said to have no physiological activity as reported above? Regarding this point, the present inventors believe that the cause is the tissue structure of corn fiber, and that hemicellulose in particular in corn fiber is not eluted during the residence time in the digestive tract from ingestion to excretion. Based on this assumption, corn fibers are treated with enzymes, chemicals, physical treatments, or an appropriate combination of these treatments to loosen the structure of the corn fibers and remove starch, proteins, lipids, and inorganic substances. When the residue obtained by removing such impurities was subjected to animal experiments, it was confirmed that it had a remarkable effect of suppressing the rise in serum cholesterol, leading to the completion of the present invention.

That is, the present invention treats corn fibers by enzymatic treatment, chemical treatment, physical treatment, or an appropriate combination of these treatments to remove starch, protein, lipids, and inorganic substances contained in corn fibers. The present invention relates to a serum cholesterol increase-inhibiting substance containing cellulose or hemicellulose as a main component, which is obtained by removing such substances, and a method for producing the same.

According to the present invention, corn fiber, which has conventionally been used exclusively as feed for livestock, can be made into a physiologically active food fiber, which improves added value and can be widely used as a health food and its raw material. , there is a lot of emphasis on industrial rice.

To explain the present invention in detail below, corn fiber used as a raw material in the present invention is the outer husk of corn, which is separated and produced by wet corn milling (wet sulfite immersion treatment of corn) or dry milling (dry treatment of corn). Any of the hulls can be used, but when using a hull separated and produced by dry milling, it is preferable to perform a mild acid treatment equivalent to the sulfite dipping process employed in wet corn milling.

Next, in the present invention, corn fiber is subjected to enzyme treatment,
Contaminants such as starch, proteins, lipids, and inorganic substances contained in corn fibers are removed by either chemical treatment, physical treatment, or an appropriate combination of these treatments, while relaxing the tissue structure of corn fibers. remove.

As an enzyme treatment method, for example, one or more of starch-degrading enzymes, proteolytic enzymes, fat-1-degrading enzymes, and fibrinolytic enzymes are added and acted on at a pH of about 3 to 9 and a temperature of about 30 to 100°C. method is adopted.

Examples of starch degrading enzymes include α-amylase and glucoamylase, proteolytic enzymes include protease, lipolytic enzymes include rehase, and fibrinolytic enzymes include cellulase, but are not limited to these.

Further, in the present invention, a complex enzyme such as pancreatin (which has a starch-degrading enzyme, a protease-degrading enzyme, and a lipolytic enzyme) can also be used.

As a physical treatment method, for example, corn fiber is pulverized with a pulverizer such as a homogenizer or a hammer mill, and then passed through a 48 mesh sieve to remove easily pulverized starch, protein, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. However, a method is adopted in which the residue on the sieve is collected.

Chemical treatment methods include, for example, adding an aqueous solution of mineral acid or organic acid to corn fiber and heating it under conditions of pH 2 to 50, or adding a food-grade surfactant to pH 3.
A method of heat treatment under conditions of ~80°C is employed.

Monoglycerides, sugar esters, etc. are used as food surfactants.

In the present invention, impurities such as starch, protein, and inorganic substances contained in corn fiber can be removed by any one of the above-mentioned enzyme treatment, chemical treatment, and physical treatment, or by appropriately combining these treatments. The product of the present invention containing about 65% or more of the total solid content of shite, cellulose, and hemicellulose can be obtained by removing the remainder and drying the remainder if necessary.

When the product of the present invention is ingested, it is eluted within the gastrointestinal retention time and exhibits the effect of suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol.

Next, animal tests to confirm the elution rate of hemicellulose from the product of the present invention and the effect of suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol are shown below.

Experiment 1 Elution rate of hemicellulose> Regarding the elution rate of hemicellulose, the OpH in the digestive tract
The value was assumed to be about 2 and was measured by the following method.

Sample 22 was placed in a 100 rILL Erlenmeyer flask with a stopper, and 5Qm of hydrochloric acid buffer adjusted to pH 2 was stirred and dispersed therein. The flask was kept at 37° C. for 20 hours, filtered through a glass filter, and dried.

Next, based on the measured values of NDF (neutral detergent treated fiber) and ADF ☆ (acidic detergent treated fiber) of each sample and the obtained dry product (hereinafter referred to as "treated product"), NDF and ADF were determined.
The difference (NDF-ADF) was determined, and this was used as the amount of hemicellulose in the sample and the treated product, and the elution rate was calculated using the following formula.

The above NDF refers to the content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in food, and ADF refers to the content of cellulose and lignin in food.The measurement method is Jour.
al of the As5ocation o
fOfficial Agricultural
Chemists, Dan, P825-829.1963
The method of treating fibers with a detergent described in .

For comparison, corn fibers A1 separated and produced by dry milling, corn fiber B separated and produced by wet milling, and commercially available dietary fiber (food grade cellulose powder from Canada) were used as samples for the experiment.

Products A, B and C of the present invention were obtained in Examples 7.4 and 3, respectively, which will be described later.

The results of the experiment are shown in Table 1. As is clear from Table 1,
In untreated corn fiber and commercially available dietary fiber, no or almost no hemicellulose was eluted, whereas in the product of the present invention, hemicellulose was eluted with a marked difference, and the effect of suppressing the increase in serum cholesterol could be fully estimated.

Experiment 2 Test to confirm the effect of suppressing the rise in serum cholesterol using rats> (1) Feed composition by experiment (weight percentage) The composition of the experimental feed is shown in Table 2.

Standard groups are cholesterol, sodium cholate, and previous experiment 1.
None of the test samples used in the above were additive-free; the control group was added with 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate; the other groups were added with 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate.
0.25% of 7-ta and each test sample were added.

The corn fiber was separated and produced by wet milling and had an NDF of 65.

The amount of each test sample added was adjusted so that the NDF in the total feed was 5%.

The formulation was adjusted by adding cholesterol, sodium cholate, and each test sample by reducing the amount of sucrose.

(2) Experimental animals and breeding methods Spragne-Daw with a weight of 65 to 75 grams
Ley male rats (Nippon Flare ■) were preliminarily bred for 8 days on standard feed, and then divided into 7 groups of 8 rats each, and fed with the feed shown in Table 2 for 8 days.

Feed and water were available ad libitum. (3) Measuring Serum Cholesterol After the experiment, the rats were fasted overnight, and confirmed according to the conventional method.
After blood collection and laparotomy, serum cholesterol was measured by an enzymatic method using Determiner TC (Kyowa Hakko Kogyo ■).

(4) Experimental results and discussion The experimental results are shown in Table 3.
Serum cholesterol in the control group was 372 g/100 mA (-
1oo), corn fiber section 346In9/1
00rIl/! (93%), commercially available dietary fiber group 335~/1007uA (90%), test group A 288~7100mA (77%), test group B
2547V/10077Ll (68%), test area C25
77/I&/10 Q11# (69%) showed a significant serum cholesterol increase suppressing effect, and a significant difference (5% risk rate) was observed.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to examples.

Example 1 300 parts of an aqueous dispersion (10% solids) of corn fibers separated and produced by wet milling of corn was treated with a homogenizer for 1 minute, washed with water using a 48-mesh sieve, and separated on the sieve. The residue was collected to obtain the product of the present invention.

Its NDF was 86.4%, and the hemicellulose elution rate was 13.56%.

Example 2 Corn fibers separated and produced by dry milling corn were coarsely crushed and sieved through a 48 mesh sieve to collect the residue on the sieve.

100 parts of this residue was immersed in 300 parts of sulfuric acid adjusted to pH 3.3 at 45° C. for 2 days and nights, then pulverized in a colloid mill, and washed and sieved again with a 48 mesh sieve.

Sugar ester was added to the residue on the sieve and boiled for 30 minutes, followed by suction filtration and drying to obtain the product of the present invention.

The NDF is 83.1%, and the hemicellulose elution rate is 1.
It was 5.1%.

Example 3 After treating an aqueous dispersion of corn fibers separated and produced by wet milling of corn for 3 minutes using a homogenizer, amylase (clistase T-5
, manufactured by Daiwa Kasei, ■) was added at 0.5%, and after boiling for 5 minutes,
Furthermore, 0.5% amylase was added and the mixture was kept at 85° C. for 4 hours.

This was centrifugally dehydrated and washed twice with warm water to form a dispersion again. The pH was adjusted to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide, 0.2% of grotease was added, and the dispersion was maintained at 55°C for 8 hours.

After centrifugal dehydration and hot water washing twice, the mixture was dried at a low temperature and pulverized to 100 mesh or less using a pulverizer to obtain the present invention in powder form.

Its NDF is 91% and the hemicellulose elution rate is 23.
It was 1%.

Example 4 A corn fiber dispersion (solid content 5%) separated and produced by wet milling of corn was adjusted to pH 7.0.
Bioplase 5P-10 (manufactured by Nagashio Sangyo) 0
．． After adding 4% and keeping at 50 °C overnight with stirring,
Centrifugal dehydration and washing were performed twice.

This was made into a dispersion liquid again, the pH was adjusted to 7, amylase T-5 was added, and the mixture was kept at 90°C for 3 hours with stirring.

Similarly, centrifugal dehydration and washing were performed, followed by drying at room temperature and pulverization to obtain a product of the present invention.

Its NDF is 84.8% and the hemicellulose elution rate is 2.
It was 1.4%.

Example 5 Dried corn fibers (moisture content of about 15% or less) obtained by wet milling of corn were ground using an atomizer, 850 parts of water was added to 150 parts of the ground product to disperse and suspend it, and water was added to this. Add calcium oxide to pH
7, heated at 100°C for 3 hours, and then cooled to 85°C.

After adding α-amylase (Clistase; manufactured by Inuwa Kasei ■) and 15jB to this and keeping it at the same temperature for 1 hour,
The mixture was cooled to 0°C and reacted for an additional 15 hours.

Then, the product was centrifugally dehydrated, washed with warm water, and dried with hot air at 80°C to obtain a product of the present invention.

Its NDF is 81.0% and the hemicellulose elution rate is 1.
It was 3.1%.

Example 6 100 parts of water was added to 10 parts of the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1 to disperse it, and after adjusting the pH to 5.0, 2% of cellulase (manufactured by Sigma) was added, and a small amount of toluene was added to give 43. 1 in °C
It lasted for 5 hours.

This was centrifugally dehydrated and dried to obtain a product of the present invention.

Its NDF is 92.3% and the hemicellulose elution rate is 2.
It was 3.2%.

Example 7 30 parts of corn fibers separated and produced by dry milling of corn were dispersed by adding 70 parts of water, treated with a homogenizer for 2 minutes, and then washed and sieved using a 48 mesh sieve.

The residue on the sieve was immersed in an acidic solution (pH 3) at 40° C. for 20 hours, followed by centrifugal dehydration, drying and pulverization to obtain a product of the present invention.

Its NDF is 71.1% and the hemicellulose elution rate is 1.
It was 4.6%.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The starch, protein, A serum cholesterol increase suppressant whose main components are cellulose and hemicellulose from which lipids, inorganic substances, etc. have been removed. 2. Corn fiber contains starch degrading enzymes, proteolytic enzymes,
By simultaneously or sequentially adding one or more of lipolytic oxygen and fibrinolytic oxygen under conditions of pH 3 to 9 and temperature of 30 to 100°C, starch contained in corn fiber, A method for producing a serum cholesterol increase-inhibiting substance whose main components are cellulose and hemicellulose obtained by removing proteins, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. 3. Contained in corn fiber by adding an aqueous solution of mineral acid or organic acid to corn fiber and heating it under pH 2-50 conditions, or by adding a food-grade surfactant and heat-treating it under pH 3-80 conditions. starch, protein,
A method for producing a serum cholesterol increase-inhibiting substance whose main components are cellulose and hemicellulose obtained by separating and removing lipids, inorganic substances, etc. 4: Cellulose obtained by crushing corn fiber with a crusher such as a homogenizer or hammer mill, and then sieving to separate and remove starch, protein, lipids, inorganic substances, etc. contained in corn fiber, A method for producing a serum cholesterol increase suppressing substance containing hemicellulose as a main component.