JPS5825771B2 - Spreading device for open-end spinning unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fiber opening device installed in a 71 housing for an open-end spinning unit, and more particularly to a fiber bundle feeding device having a feed roller that presses a pressure member into one cavity. The present invention relates to a fiber opening device in which there is a fiber opening roller in another cavity, and the cavities are connected to each other by a connecting duct.

The open-end spinning unit essentially consists of an opening device and a spinning chamber.

The fiber bundle is sent to the opening device, where the fibers are conveyed to the collecting groove of the spinning chamber due to the negative pressure, where they are formed into fiber HIJ bonds, continuously heated, and finally packaged. be rolled up.

The operating mechanism of the opening device consists of an opening roller with a fiber bundle feeding mechanism in the front position, which fiber bundle feeding mechanism consists of a feed roller and a pressure roller facing it, a pressure segment, a pressure shoe or a pressure finger. The gripping member is elastically pressed against the roller.

In a fiber opening device designed to handle short fibers of 60 rra or less, the fiber density is well controlled in the immediate vicinity 1 of the fiber opening cylinder.

That is, since the opening roller acts on the front end of the sliver, the so-called beard, continuous movement of the fibers between the control nip area and the acting area is mechanically ensured.

Such mechanical transport of the fibers is brought about by a traction force acting on the fibers with a fiber length equal to the distance between the two zones.

However, the supplied fibers are so-called staples and are not all of equal length, and the distance between the two regions is configured or adjusted in accordance with the average fiber length, so some of the whiskers of the sliver are longer than this distance. There are also shorter ones.

While the long fibers are mechanically advanced by the traction force of the opening roller, the short fibers are first moved most of their distance by the pressure applied by the sliver feeding mechanism and then moved into the opening cylinder by the mutual contact between the fibers. Mechanically pulled long fibers and - become stiff.

Therefore, short fibers can only move forward by the mechanical action of the opening rollers after they overcome the difference between the distance between the two regions and the fiber length from themselves.

However, in this case also distance. Since the fiber length is also relatively short, it does not cause much of a problem even if the fibers buckle during transport.

However, when dealing with long fibers exceeding 60 mm, the problem becomes even more complicated.

That is, in such a case the distance between the two zones is made equal to at least the average fiber length of the feed fibers, so that the fibers cannot immediately move from the feed roller to the working zone.

Moreover, for smooth sliver feeding, the whisker fibers as well as the short fibers at the front end of the sliver must be continuously fed to the area very close to the wall of the opening roller with the help of a guide wall facing the opening roller. need to be transported.

The length of this region is usually referred to as the opening distance and is equal to the length of the whiskers, which means that it is substantially shorter than the average fiber length of the supplied fibers.

Therefore, in order to process fibers with a fiber length of 60 rra or more, it is necessary to reliably control the fibers advancing from the nip area to the area where the fibers are acted upon in the area between the nip area and the opening distance area. It is necessary to.

A problem arises in the case of fibers shorter than the average fiber length, since they cannot cover the distance due to their own buckling.

This is true for the entire sliver feed section; both the individual fibers and the entire sliver beyond the control nip area are buckled.

The device that solves this problem is the Czech inventor's certificate No. 15207.
It is disclosed in No. 2.

According to this method, the supplied fiber bundle wraps around the surface of the feed roller, thereby forming a control area defined by the first nip generated by the nip component pressed against the feed roller and the aforementioned area acting on the fibers. be done.

Since the button in this control area is appropriately pressurized for the fiber bundle feed roller, the feeding of the fiber bundle is reliably controlled.

Because the nip component is adjustable around a circular passage coaxial with the feed roller and is located on the outer periphery of the feed roller, the length at which the sliver wraps on the feed roller can be varied. , and also the control range can be varied depending on the fiber length of the material being processed.

The fiber bundle supply mechanism includes a pressure roller if necessary.

Additional nip-forming members in the form of segments, shoes, or fingers may be provided whose position is also adjustable around the circular path concentric with the feed roller.

Such an additional nip-forming member exerts pressure on the fiber bundle in the aforementioned control zone, thereby exerting pressure on the feed roller surface between the two nip points, and loosens the fibers following the zone of action. A so-called fiber control area is established followed by a strong embrace area.

The fiber supply mechanism and the opening roller are each arranged in a cavity of 7"L in the housing of the opening device, and these cavities communicate with each other via a connecting duct.

However, even though the above-described arrangement substantially meets all the requirements of the fiber supply process, there are various unresolved operational drawbacks.

It concerns the area where the fiber bundle on the feed roller moves to the mouth of the connecting duct.

Incorrect operation of the opening device occurs in two stages. That is, 1
One is when the end of the fiber bundle reaches the mouth of the connecting duct, the other is while feeding the fiber bundle to the opening roller, the free end of the loose fibers on the surface of the fiber bundle, and the other is during the process. There is a tendency for the free ends of the floating fiber bundles, which behave unfavorably, to curl up around the feed rollers.

Such wrapping results from the free ends of the fibers adhering to the surface of the feed roller within the control nip area.

If a wrap occurs during the introduction of the fiber bundle into the connecting duct, the known spinning process carried out in the spinning chamber becomes impossible.

If the fibers are wrapped during the spinning process, the spun yarn will become thinner, and in extreme cases, the amount of wrapping will gradually increase.

The thread breakage detector will not be able to detect it, and the fiber feeding device will be completely damaged.

With current opening devices, during start-up the end of the fiber bundle must be passed into the inlet of the connecting duct either manually or by means of a suitable introduction device.

The movement of the fiber bundle in the region of the opening roller that acts on the fibers is then carried out by the additional action of what is commonly called working air.

If the thread breaks, it is necessary to kiss it.

For this purpose, as a rule, the spinning chamber is stopped, its interior is cleaned, the spinning chamber is then started to rotate, and the yarn ends are combed out from the tips of the fiber bundles present in the connecting duct. It is necessary to join the ribbon-like fiber band in the spinning chamber.

While the spinning chamber was being cleaned, the vacuum air pressure dropped to zero.

At the same time, stop the opening roller or lower the speed.

Therefore, the tips of the fiber bundles are not actively retained within the connecting duct and tend to be pulled back out of the duct due to the latent elasticity of the fibers wrapped around the feed rollers.

Therefore, the date will fail because the opening rollers will not be able to feed into the spinning chamber the amount of fiber necessary to form a ribbon-like fiber band in the collecting groove of the spinning chamber.

Therefore, the spouting step must be continued in such a way that the connecting duct is reached by the tip of the fiber bundle, since over a period of time more and more fibers are fed into the fiber supply area and are knitted.

In the spinning chamber, there is an excessive amount of opened fiber bundles, and finally a duct is formed.

This is a disadvantage particularly in the production of relatively large yarn counts.

The object of the invention is to improve a spreading device which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks and which constitutes the main object of Czech Inventor's Certificate No. 152,074.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to obtain a shape and arrangement of the connecting duct for the feed roller and opening roller in accordance with that purpose, so as to guarantee reliability of spinning operation.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the open-end spinning unit consists of a spinning chamber 1 and a spreading device 2 located in a housing 3, and the spreading device 2 includes a spreading roller 4 and a fiber supply mechanism 5.

Drive tape 6 from the drive device of the spinning unit (not shown)
A spinning chamber 1, driven by a spinning chamber 1, is supported and rotates in a casing 1 above a housing 3, and the casing 7 is in communication with a source of negative pressure by a conduit 8.

The opening roller 4 with the garnet wire 9 is arranged inside a cavity 10 in the housing 3, into which a fiber supply mechanism 5 is arranged via a connecting duct 11 on one side of the cavity. On the one hand, it communicates with the interior of the spinning unit via a fiber supply duct 13 which extends tangentially to the opening roller 4 .

One end 14 of the fiber supply duct 13 is connected to the atmosphere, while the other end 15 is opened through a protrusion 16 of the housing 3 that protrudes into the interior of the spinning chamber 1.

The opening faces a sliding wall that is continuous with the maximum diameter portion of the fiber collecting groove 18.

Inside the spinning chamber 1 there is a negative pressure in order to create a suction force acting in the fiber supply duct 13.

The fiber supply mechanism 5 consists of a supply roller 19 and a gripping member 20, and the gripping member 20 comprises a pressure roller 21 and a convergence tube 22, and is arranged inside the cavity 12.

The working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 is provided with teeth 24 .

The fiber bundle 25 to be treated is conveyed via a converging tube 22 from a container (or can), not shown, into a wedge-shaped gap between a feed roller 19 and a pressure roller 21 .

The spun yarn 26 is pulled out from the spinning chamber 1 by a pair of pull-out rollers 21, and then wound into a package (not shown) by a liquid system device.

The rotational directions of the feed roller 19, the opening roller 4, and the pull-out roller 27 are indicated by arrows 28° and 29.30 degrees, respectively.

Feed roller 19 is mounted on shaft 31 and opening roller 4 is mounted on shaft 32.

These shirts are supported and rotated in the housing 3 of the opening device 2, and are driven by a drive means via a gear device (not shown).

The pressure roller 21 is rotatably attached to a pressure roller support member 33 that is pivotally supported by a pin 34 on a bracket 35 fixed to the housing 3.

Feed roller 19 by pressure roller 21 and spring 36
Pressed upward elastically.

Convergence tube 22 is fixed to bracket 35 by screw 37.

The pressure roller 21 nips the fiber bundle 25 between it and the feed roller 19, and the position of the nip is between the fiber bundle 25 and the feed roller 19.
Affects the length of the hug.

The pressure roller 21 is located adjacent to the feed roller 19 and is adjustably mounted in an arcuate groove 38 by a pin 34 of a bracket 35.

The operating elements of the opening device located in the cavities 10 and 12 of the housing 3 are masked by a lid 39 which is screwed onto the nozzle 3 by means of a screw 40 .

The connecting tact 11 connects an extension of the front wall 41 and side walls 42a and 42b opposite the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 as shown in FIG.
The opening roller 4 shown in the figure is surrounded 1 by a feed wall 43 which joins tangentially into the cavity 10 therein.

The inner side wall 42a is the wall of the housing 3, and the outer side wall 42b is the wall on the lid 39 as shown in FIG.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the feed roller 19 has a flange 19a which projects radially beyond its working surface 23.

An advantage of this embodiment is that the flange 19a acts as part of the fiber guiding channel in the area of the feed rollers.

Of course, it is also possible to use conventional flangeless feed rollers.

The inlet 44 of the connecting duct 11 is located at the narrowest point between the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 and the front wall 41.

The feed wall 43 is defined by its front feed wall 45 and rear feed wall 46 and is in the form of a guide wall 47 spaced from the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 by a front edge 48.

Front edge 48 of guide wall 41 and connecting duct 11
The portion of the working surface 23 defined by the inlet of the supply wall 43
It constitutes the front part 45 of.

At least the portion of the guide wall facing the opening roller 4 is flat.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the guide wall 41 is entirely flat, but in the embodiment of FIG. 2, an oblique portion 49 is provided in front of the flat portion.

This flat guide wall, together with a flat front wall 41 facing it, which will be described later, prevents the tip fibers from separating from the opening roller due to free contraction when the sliver supply is stopped. , Also, upon resuming spinning, it promotes the transmission of suction airflow from the spinning chamber and the elongation of the tip fibers thereby,
This ensures good resumption of spinning at the time of yarn breakage and yarn splicing.

Important points to maintain continuous transport of fiber bundles:
The length of the connecting duct 11 substantially corresponds to the properties of the fiber bundles to be processed.

The top part 50 of the feed roller 19 has a length t as shown in FIG.
represents the shortest distance between the midpoints of the arc 52 and the opening of the connecting duct 11 into the cavity 10.

The maximum depth gh of the connecting duct 11 is the second
As shown in Figures 4 and 3, the maximum length of the duct from the inlet 44 is preferably at 4.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the maximum depth h of the cross-section of the connecting duct 11 is located in the transition between the oblique part 49 and the flat part on the guide wall 47.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, it is located at the front edge 48 of the guide wall 41.

The front wall 41 of the connecting duct 11 is, in principle, plate-shaped in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

However, in FIG. 4, the front wall 41 has a suitably curved surface.

In the area of the guide wall 47, the depth of the cross section of the connecting duct 11 becomes progressively shallower towards the outlet opening into the cavity 10 of the connecting duct 11.

The cross section of the connecting duct 11 can have various shapes.

For example, in Figure 6 it is a rectangle with rounded edges.

In FIG. 1, it is elliptical.

As a different aspect from this, connecting duct 1
1 can also be provided directly on the housing 3 of the opening device as shown in FIGS. 4 and 1.

In the connecting duct 11 of FIGS. 3 and 8, the portion of the duct in the region of the guide walls 47, 43 is an insert member 53 fixed to the housing 3 with a screw 54.

The front wall 41 of the connecting duct 11 is made up of the wall of the housing 3.

The insertion member 53 has a curved wall 58. The fibers of the fiber bundle 25 are conveyed by the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 from the nip area of the feed roller 9 to the area of the opening roller 4 that acts on the fibers.

The fibers are then pushed by subsequent supplied fibers introduced into the connecting duct 11, and then taken up by the spreading member of the spreading roller 4.

However, before the fibers in the connecting duct 11 are transferred to the opening roller 4, the length t of the duct is continuously extended by the stiffness of the fibers themselves under the aforementioned pressure due to the continuous fiber supply. must be covered.

Simultaneously with the fiber pressure, the transport of the fibers through the connecting duct 11 is influenced by the so-called working air flow which is drawn into the spinning chamber 1 from the outside air via the fiber feed device.

In order to enable the above-mentioned fiber transport, it is necessary to ensure that almost the rear end of the fiber bundle 25 is contained within the connecting duct 11.

When the rotation of the opening roller 4 is stopped, the fibers are no longer exposed to the traction action of the opening member, and therefore, due to the elasticity of the fibers, the original crimping of the fibers occurs.

Therefore, its length becomes shorter.

The force used to relax the fibers to bring them into a crimped state varies depending on the fineness of the fiber material.

That is, the thinner the fiber is, the less likely it is that it can have a single shape.

Therefore, if such types of fibers are processed, it is necessary to adapt the length of the connecting duct 11 to the fiber length.

It has been experimentally confirmed that for thin fibers, about 40% of the fiber length needs to be inside the connecting duct, but for thick fibers, where the force that affects the fiber is large, about 3% of the fiber length needs to be inside the connecting duct.
It is sufficient if the fiber length is 0%.

In the case of extremely thick fibers, the required fiber length is 2 of the average fiber length.
0 or more is fine.

Furthermore, it has been experimentally confirmed that the length ttrs of the connecting duct is at most equal to Z-LK.

This is the average fiber length of the fibers subjected to LH treatment.

Z is the fineness coefficient of the fiber itself, 1.5 to 4 dtex
For fibers of 12 d tex and above, Z = 0.4, and for fibers of 12 d tex and above, z = O02.

The spread distance between the fiber nip area between the pressure roller 21 and the feed roller 19 and the midpoint 51 of the arc 52 substantially corresponds to the average fiber length and therefore the spread distance is equal to or equal to the average fiber length. Due to its rather long length, the leading end of the fiber is acted upon by the opening roller 4 while at the same time the trailing end is completely released from the nip area.

Connecting tact 1 for the above fiber fineness level
The shorter the length, the heavier the vehicle so that the path through which the fibers are pushed by the opening roller will not become long due to the continuous supply of fibers.

Especially with thick fibers. At the entrance of the connecting duct 11, the resistance to movement of the fiber whiskers is high.

That is, the longer the length of the duct is compared to the above-mentioned limit, the less the fibers are carried continuously in the duct, and the fibers move discontinuously or even jump up, resulting in
Problems arise in the spinning process.

Since the fiber bundles are usually quite bulky, the front wall 41 of the connecting duct 11 is inclined, as shown in FIG. An angle A is formed with respect to the tangent 56, and the angle A is 1° and A≦8°.

Such an arrangement also allows the inner layer of the fiber bundle to move continuously through the connecting duct 11 towards the active area.

At the same time, a correct formation of the whisker fiber bundles before reaching the area of action is obtained.

Of course, the longer the fiber length, the more the fiber will wrap around the feed roller 19 at a larger wrap angle, and adhesive contact will occur between the wrapped fiber and the teeth 24 of the feed roller 19.

In order to separate the fibers from the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19, for 1% long fibers the VC requires a long circumferential portion of the working surface.

At the outer periphery of the feed roller 19 where the fibers are separated σ, the top 50 of the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 forms the guide wall 4.
7 should be set higher in the radial direction by at least the V-n-dvO value.

Here is the diameter of the outer circle 51 of the working surface 23 of the dv Fl feed roller 19.

What has been experimentally confirmed is that 60 mm to 120 rI
No. 04 for arL fibers.

Also, for long fibers of 120mm to 16mm, pon20.
It is 06.

Thus, for example, the feed roller diameter dv=5
In the case of 0 mm, V20.04- for a fiber length of 80 mm.
50=2mm.

Although the value Vlr may be greater than 1.2 rarr, it is preferable to set it to a value that is actually calculated for practical purposes, which is advantageous both structurally and operationally.

The leading edge 48 of the guide wall 41, which may be sharp or rounded with a maximum radius of 1.5 mm, is spaced from the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 by a distance B and whose distance Bij
, varies within the range of 0.3 mm to 1.4 mm.

The distance B shown in FIGS. 3 and 9 cannot be made smaller than 0.3 m.

This is because the working air needs to flow around the feed roller 19 through the gap defined by the working surface 23 and the front edge 48 of the feed roller 19, and the working air flow is This is because it serves to separate the fibers from the surface 23 and bring them into the connecting duct 11.

If the distance B is less than 0.3 cylinders, the resistance to the working airflow will be large enough to adversely affect its operation.

On the other hand, it is also undesirable for the distance B to become larger than the above cut.

It is known from experiments that the feed roller 19
This is because some of the fibers advance beyond the front end R48 of the guide wall 47 due to the failure of the action of the feed roller.

The guide wall 47 of FIGS. 3 and 9 is connected via a front edge 48 with a curved wall 58 which faces the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 in close proximity.

The length C of the curved wall 58 is 0.38 dv. It is desirable that the length C does not exceed 0.40 dv.

That is, if this value is exceeded, excessive resistance to air flow will occur.

The gap between the curved wall and the working surface 23 of the feed roller 19 must be chosen so as not to obstruct the passage of the working air flow.

Such gap may be a constant width along the entire length of the curved wall 58 or may be continuously wider from the leading edge 48 in the direction of rotation of the feed roller 190.

For example, if the diameter of the feed roller is dv=50 mm, the length Cpo is selected to be equal to the maximum of 0.4·50==20 mm.

The reduced-pressure air in the spinning chamber 1 can be produced by air outlet holes in the wall of the spinning chamber or by communication between the spinning chamber casing 7 and a source of reduced-pressure air, not shown.

The region that acts on the fibers is located in the region 59 of the cavity 106' containing the opening roller 4>the outer peripheral wall 60 in FIG.

The outer peripheral wall 60 of the guide wall 47VC is continuously connected.

The area that acts on the fibers is the wall 6 relative to the outer circle of the opening roller 4.
It consists of the area where 0 is closest.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The fiber bundle 25 fed through the converging tube 22 passes through the gripping point between the pressure roller 21 and the feed roller 19, wraps around the surface of the feed roller 19, reaches the connecting duct 11, and is guided by force. It is continuously conveyed to the wall 41.

The fibers advance on their guide wall 47 due to the self-inertia of the fiber bundle and the mechanical action of the clothing on the opening roller 4 which is exerted on the fiber bundle in its area of action.

In this area where the fibers are acted upon, the individual fibers are separated by the opening roller 4.
The whisker-shaped fibers sent by the upper garnet teeth 9 are opened, plucked from the surface of the opening roller 4 by the action of negative pressure, and then passed through the fiber supply duct 13 to the sliding wall 11 of the spinning chamber 1. sent upwards.

Due to the centrifugal force, the fibers slide over the sliding wall 11 and reach the collecting groove 18, where they form a ribbon-like fiber band and are spun into a yarn 26 in a known manner, which yarn 26 is It is drawn out through a drawing duct by drawing rollers 21 and finally wound into a package by a winding machine (not shown).

The shape of the connecting duct 11 is such that its cross-sectional depth increases once and then decreases as it goes in from the entrance, so even if a yarn breakage occurs, the fiber bundle is prevented from escaping from the connecting duct 11. Ru.

A fiber bundle that is not exposed to negative pressure and is not exposed to the traction action of opening rollers tends to increase in volume and at the same time shorten the length of its free part, especially when crimped. This is the case with textile materials.

In a configuration of the connecting duct that takes this phenomenon into account, the fiber bundle in the deepest part of the connecting duct 11 can have a wider end, i.e., the end of the fiber bundle with increased width. The section is retained within the enlarged section of the connecting duct 11 so that it cannot penetrate the narrow entrance section of the connecting duct 11.

The process described above is optimal when the connecting duct 11 is of a suitable predetermined length -yt.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an open-end spinning unit. 2, 3, and 4 are partial sectional views of various embodiments of the connecting duct, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line v-■ in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-- A sectional view on the V1 line,
7 is a sectional view taken along the line ■--■ in FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line vm-vm in FIG. 3. FIG. 9 each shows an enlarged detail view of a portion of the curved wall relative to the feed roller surface. In addition, 1 is a spinning chamber, 2 is a fiber opening device, 3 is a housing, 4 is a fiber opening roller, 5 is a fiber supply mechanism, 7 is a casing, 8 is a conduit, 9/rJ, garnet wire, i o , i
2i cavity, 11/, ri connecting duct, 1
3 is a fiber supply duct, 16 is a protrusion, 17 is a sliding wall, 1
8 is a fiber collecting groove, and 19 is a feed roller. 20 is a gripping member, 21 is a pressure roller, 22 is a focusing tube, 23 is a working surface, 25 is a fiber bundle, 27 is a pull-out roller, 33 is a pressure roller support member, 34 is a pin, 35 is a bracket), 3. arcuate groove, 39 is the lid, 41 is the front wall, 42
a, 42b are side walls, 43 is a supply wall, 44 is an inlet, 45 is a front supply wall, 46 (ri rear supply wall, 47 is a guide wall, 4
8 is the front edge. 49 diagonal part, 50 is the top, 51/rJ, curved, 52
53 is an insertion member, 57 is an outer circumferential circle, 58 is a curved wall,
59 indicates each area.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consists of a fiber bundle supply mechanism having a feed roller against which a pressure member is pressed, and a fiber opening roller, and the fiber bundle supply mechanism and fiber opening roller are each housed in a cavity of a housing. and are connected by a connecting duct defined by a front wall, a side wall and a feed wall facing the working surfaces of the two hollow feed rollers, the rear of the feed wall being a cavity in which the opening roller is housed. It is constituted by a guide wall that is recessed within and whose edge faces the working surface of the feed roller, and the front part of the feed wall is defined by the edge of the guide wall and the inlet of the connecting duct. A spreading device for an open-end spinning unit, which is formed by a part of the working surface of the roller and a front wall, the part extending from the edge of the guide wall forming the connecting duct to the cavity, and at least the part of the front wall. The portions facing the guide wall are both substantially planar, and the top of the feed roller at the inlet of the connecting duct projects in the radial direction beyond the plane forming the guide wall. Spreading device for an open-end spinning unit 0 2 feed roller with a depth that initially increases from the inlet towards the opening roller, reaches a maximum within % of the length of the duct from the inlet, and then decreases. 2. A fiber opening device according to claim 1, wherein a protruding height V of the top of the working surface in the radial direction with respect to the plane of the guide wall is within a range expressed by the following formula.