JPS58197663A - Manufacture of electrode for lead storage battery - Google Patents

Manufacture of electrode for lead storage battery

Info

Publication number
JPS58197663A
JPS58197663A JP57078931A JP7893182A JPS58197663A JP S58197663 A JPS58197663 A JP S58197663A JP 57078931 A JP57078931 A JP 57078931A JP 7893182 A JP7893182 A JP 7893182A JP S58197663 A JPS58197663 A JP S58197663A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
grid
lead
paste
battery
alkali solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP57078931A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Jinbo
裕行 神保
Naoto Hoshihara
直人 星原
Katsuhiro Takahashi
勝弘 高橋
Keiichi Watanabe
啓一 渡辺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP57078931A priority Critical patent/JPS58197663A/en
Publication of JPS58197663A publication Critical patent/JPS58197663A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/16Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/20Processes of manufacture of pasted electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain the initial slow electric-discharge capacity of a lead storage battery, and increase the cycle life of the battery by forming a liquid film of an aqueous alkali solution over the surface of a grid made of lead or a lead alloy, and packing the grid with a lead paste before said liquid film is dried. CONSTITUTION:An expanded metal made of a lead-calcium system alloy, after being cut into the size of an electrode plate, is immersed in an aqueous alkali solution. That is to say, after the cut grid is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with 0.1mol/l, 0.2mol/l, 0.5mol/l or 1.0mol/l concentration for 1min, the grid is taken out of the aqueous alkali solution, and a lead paste is packed into the grid immediately after that. Then, after the paste packed in the grid is dried and aged, the grid packed with the paste is subjected to formation charging so as to make a positive electrode. After that, a battery is constituted by use of one piece of such positive plate and two pieces of negative plates. When a cycle test of 3-hour rate electric discharge is performed on a battery thus constituted, it will be found that the cycle life characteristic of the battery is enhanced by packing the paste into the grid after the alkali solution film is formed over the grid by immersing it in the aqueous alkali solution. In addition, it will be found that a higher cycle life characteristic is realized with sodium hydroxide solution of higher concentration.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、鉛蓄電池の改良に関するものでちゃ、初期緩
放電容量を維持し、サイクル寿命を向上させることを目
的とする。とくに、鉛−カルシウム系合金を格子に用い
たときに起こる深い放電サイクルを含むパターンでの早
期容量劣化を抑制することを目的とする。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvement of lead-acid batteries, and aims to maintain initial slow discharge capacity and improve cycle life. In particular, the purpose is to suppress early capacity deterioration in patterns including deep discharge cycles that occur when a lead-calcium alloy is used for the grid.

ペースト式鉛蓄電池は、利用率が高く、しかも製法が比
較的簡単であるという特徴を持っている。
Paste type lead-acid batteries are characterized by high utilization rates and relatively simple manufacturing methods.

このペースト式電池の中で、鉛−カルシウム系合金を格
子に用いたものは、上記の早期容量劣化を起こしやすい
傾向にある。格子合金に鉛−アンチモン系を用いると、
この短所はある程度解決される。しかし近年、鉛蓄電池
のメンテナンスフリー化に対する要望が強くなっている
折りから、鉛−カルシウム系格子合金でこの問題を解決
しておくことが工業上重要である。
Among these paste type batteries, those using a lead-calcium alloy for the lattice tend to suffer from the above-mentioned early capacity deterioration. When a lead-antimony system is used as a lattice alloy,
This shortcoming is resolved to some extent. However, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, so it is industrially important to solve this problem with a lead-calcium lattice alloy.

鉛−カルシウム系合金のようなアンチモンを含まないか
極めて少ない合金を用いる場合には、格子表面に剥離し
やすい酸化物が生成し、亀裂、断層が生成したシ、その
亀裂部分に硫酸が侵入して、格子と活物質の界面に絶縁
層を形成したシするなどにより早期劣化が生じると言わ
れている。さらに、鉛−カルシウム系合金では、鋳造性
の劣る点をカバーするためにエキスバンドメタルあるい
は穿孔板などの平滑板の加工体を用いる傾向があシ、密
着性が鋳造格子より劣る点、変形しやすい点から一層上
記の劣化現象が起こりやすい。これを改善するために、
鉛−カルシウム格子合金組成あるいは添加剤などの検討
がなされているが、まだ十分な効果は得られていない。
When using alloys that do not contain or contain very little antimony, such as lead-calcium alloys, easily exfoliated oxides are formed on the lattice surface, creating cracks and faults, and sulfuric acid can enter the cracks. It is said that early deterioration occurs due to the formation of an insulating layer at the interface between the lattice and the active material. Furthermore, lead-calcium alloys tend to use expanded metal or smooth plate processed bodies such as perforated plates to compensate for poor castability; The above deterioration phenomenon is even more likely to occur. To improve this,
Investigations have been made into lead-calcium lattice alloy composition and additives, but sufficient effects have not yet been obtained.

そこで本発明は、上記の早期劣化を抑制する課題に対し
て、基本的には、格子(集電体)の表面にアルカリ水溶
液の液膜を形成する工程と、上記処理の後にペーストを
充填する工程を有することを特徴と子る鉛蓄電池用電極
の製造法を提供するものである。
Therefore, in order to solve the problem of suppressing the early deterioration mentioned above, the present invention basically consists of a step of forming a liquid film of an alkaline aqueous solution on the surface of the grid (current collector), and filling the paste with a paste after the above treatment. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an electrode for a lead-acid battery, which comprises a process.

この液膜の形成には、例えば格子をアルカリ水溶液中に
含浸し引き上げたり、空間中で噴霧するなど一般に濡ら
すという方法が適用できる。
To form this liquid film, a general method of wetting the grid, such as, for example, impregnating the grid in an aqueous alkaline solution and pulling it up, or spraying it in space, can be applied.

上記の手段が早期容量劣化の抑制に有効である理由につ
いては、つぎのように考えられる。
The reason why the above-mentioned means are effective in suppressing early capacity deterioration is considered as follows.

壕ず、早期容量劣化の、現象は、先にのべたように、格
子と活物質の界面の挙動とほぼ断定できる。
As mentioned earlier, the phenomenon of no trenching and early capacity deterioration can almost be determined to be caused by the behavior of the interface between the lattice and the active material.

本発明の適用により、格子表面にアルカリ水溶液の液膜
が形成され、ここにペーストが充填されると、鉛の酸化
物、主に塩基性硫酸鉛がPb(OH)3− 。
By applying the present invention, a liquid film of aqueous alkaline solution is formed on the lattice surface, and when the paste is filled therein, lead oxides, mainly basic lead sulfate, are formed as Pb(OH)3-.

Pb(OH)4’−などの形で溶解するものと思われる
It is thought that it is dissolved in the form of Pb(OH)4'- or the like.

この液膜が乾燥してゆく過程でアルカリ濃度は上昇し、
上記の溶解物は、液膜中に増加する。さらに乾燥してい
くと、これら亜鉛酸の化合物が界面近傍に析出する。こ
の状態から硫酸中で化成充電すると、本発明を適用しな
いで乾燥した格子に直接ペーストを充填した場合とは異
なる緻密で結着力の優れた酸化物が生成し、界面を保護
するものと推察される。
As this liquid film dries, the alkali concentration increases,
The above dissolved substances build up in the liquid film. As it dries further, these zinc acid compounds precipitate near the interface. It is presumed that when this state is chemically charged in sulfuric acid, a dense oxide with excellent binding strength is generated, which is different from when the paste is directly filled into a dry lattice without applying the present invention, and protects the interface. Ru.

上記のことから基本的には、アルカリ水溶液の液膜が未
乾燥(未だ湿潤している状態)でペーストを充填する方
が好ましく、そのことは後の実施例でも述べるように、
液膜を形成してからペーストを、充填する間に放置する
時間の影響の形で効果が変化する。しかし、完全に乾燥
した後にペーストを塗着しても効果がある場合がある。
From the above, it is basically preferable to fill the paste while the liquid film of the alkaline aqueous solution is undried (still wet), and this will be explained in the examples below.
The effect changes as a function of the time the paste is allowed to stand between filling after forming the liquid film. However, it may be effective to apply the paste after it is completely dry.

それは、1 あらかじめ格子の表面を一部または全部酸化させた場合
にとくに起こりやすべ。それは液膜形成後から乾燥まで
の過程で、ペースト側の酸化物の助けを借りずに、界面
を改質するに足る鉛の化合物を液膜またはその乾燥物の
層の中に存在させることになるからである。しだがって
、例えば、酸化雰囲気中で格子を長時間曝すとか、湿度
や温度を上昇するなど、一般的に酸化する方法を適用し
てあらかじめ表面に酸化物を形成しておくと良い。
This is especially likely to occur if the surface of the lattice is partially or completely oxidized in advance. In the process from the formation of the liquid film to its drying, sufficient lead compounds to modify the interface are present in the liquid film or its dried layer without the aid of oxides on the paste side. Because it will be. Therefore, it is preferable to form an oxide on the surface in advance by applying a general oxidizing method, such as exposing the grid in an oxidizing atmosphere for a long time or increasing humidity or temperature.

さらに、このあらかじめ格子側の表面を酸化する方法と
、アルカリ水溶液の乾燥が進まない時点でペーストを充
てんする方法とを併合すると、相互から酸化物が溶出し
、またそれぞれの固体に密着した析出層が得られ、結果
的には、優れた界面の改質効果を示し、早期容量劣化の
抑制は強いものとなる。
Furthermore, if we combine this method of oxidizing the surface on the lattice side in advance with the method of filling the paste at a point where the alkaline aqueous solution has not dried, oxides will be eluted from each other, and a precipitated layer will be formed in close contact with each solid. As a result, an excellent interface modification effect is obtained, and early capacity deterioration is strongly suppressed.

以下、実施例によって、本発明の構成と効果を述べる。Hereinafter, the configuration and effects of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples.

鉛−カルシウム系合金のエクスノ(ンドメタルを極板の
大きさに切り取り、アルカリ水溶液中に浸漬させた。す
なわち、0.1 モル/ It 、o、2モ、nz/I
t 。
A piece of lead-calcium alloy Exnometal was cut to the size of an electrode plate and immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution.
t.

0.5モル/λ、1Dモル/2の水酸化ナトリウム水溶
液中に1分間浸漬した後、格子をアルカリ水溶液中から
取り出し、すぐに格子に鉛ペーストを充てんした。その
後、ペーストを乾燥、熟成し、正極用として化成充電し
、正極板1枚、負極板2枚の電池を構成した。負極板と
しては、従来のものを用いた。これらの電池を各々上記
順序に従いA。
After being immersed in a 0.5 mol/λ, 1 D mol/2 sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 1 minute, the grid was taken out from the alkaline aqueous solution and immediately filled with lead paste. Thereafter, the paste was dried, aged, and chemically charged as a positive electrode to form a battery with one positive electrode plate and two negative electrode plates. A conventional negative electrode plate was used. A each of these batteries according to the above order.

B、C,Dとする。また、アルカリ水溶液中に浸漬させ
ない格子を用いた電池をEとする。
Let them be B, C, and D. Further, a battery using a grid that is not immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution is designated as E.

このようにして作った6個の電池を3時間率放電でサイ
クル試験をした。第1図にサイクル特性を示す。図から
明らかのように、アルカリ水溶液中に格子を浸漬し、ア
ルカリ液膜を形成した後ペーストを充てんすることによ
ってサイクル寿命特性が向上することがわかる。また、
水酸化ナトリウムの濃度が高い方が特性が良いことがわ
かる。
Six batteries thus prepared were subjected to a cycle test at a 3 hour rate discharge. Figure 1 shows the cycle characteristics. As is clear from the figure, cycle life characteristics are improved by immersing the grid in an alkaline aqueous solution to form an alkaline liquid film and then filling it with paste. Also,
It can be seen that the higher the concentration of sodium hydroxide, the better the characteristics.

第2図は、初期容量の60%になるまでのサイクル数で
表した寿命と水酸化ナトリウムの濃度の関係を示す。た
だし、格子のアルカリ中への浸漬時間は、すべて1分間
である。この図から、水酸化ナトリウムの濃度は0.1
モル/β程度の低濃度でも効果があり、さらに1モル/
μ以上にしても0.5モル/2程度と効果は基本的に変
わらない。
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the lifetime, expressed as the number of cycles until 60% of the initial capacity, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide. However, the immersion time of the grid in the alkali was 1 minute in all cases. From this figure, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 0.1
It is effective even at concentrations as low as 1 mol/β, and
Even if the amount is more than μ, the effect remains basically the same at about 0.5 mol/2.

また、サイクル寿命特性は、アルカリ水溶液中での浸漬
時間にあまり依存しなかった。すなわち浸漬時間を長く
しても、格子表面に付着している水酸化ナトリウム水溶
液の量は変化しないと考えられる。
Moreover, the cycle life characteristics did not depend much on the immersion time in the alkaline aqueous solution. In other words, it is considered that even if the immersion time is increased, the amount of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution adhering to the grid surface does not change.

次に、サイクル寿命特性と、格子をアルカリ水溶液中か
ら取り出してから、ペーストを充てんするまでの時間の
関係を調べた。その結果を第3図に示す。この時は、格
子を0.5モル/2のアルカリ水溶液中に1分間浸漬さ
せた。この図から、ペーストを充てんするまでの時間が
長く々るにつれて寿命サイクル数が小さくなっているこ
とがわかる。このことは、放置時間が長い方が、アルカ
リ水溶液の液膜が乾燥し、液膜が薄くなり、亜鉛酸イオ
ンなどの溶解物の絶対量が減少したことによると思われ
る。
Next, we investigated the relationship between cycle life characteristics and the time from when the grid was taken out of the aqueous alkaline solution until it was filled with paste. The results are shown in FIG. At this time, the grid was immersed in a 0.5 mol/2 alkaline aqueous solution for 1 minute. From this figure, it can be seen that as the time until filling with paste increases, the number of life cycles decreases. This seems to be because the longer the standing time, the dryer the liquid film of the aqueous alkaline solution becomes, the liquid film becomes thinner, and the absolute amount of dissolved substances such as zincate ions decreases.

次に、あらかじめ湿度80%、温度70℃の酸化雰囲気
中に2時間放置することによって、表面を酸化した格子
を、o、5モル/2のアルカリ水溶液中に1分間浸漬し
た後すぐにペーストを充てんした電極Pおよび空気中に
2時間放置した後でペーストを充填した電極Qのサイク
ル寿命特性を調べだ。比較のために、上記の酸化処理を
しない格子を、同じように、0.5モル/2のアルカリ
水溶液中に1分間浸漬した後、すぐにペーストを充てん
した電極Rと空気中に2時間放置した後ペーストを充填
した電極Sのサイクル寿命特性も調べた。
Next, the lattice whose surface had been oxidized by leaving it in an oxidizing atmosphere at a humidity of 80% and a temperature of 70°C for 2 hours was immersed for 1 minute in an alkaline aqueous solution of 0.5 mol/2, and then the paste was immediately applied. The cycle life characteristics of the filled electrode P and the electrode Q filled with paste after being left in air for 2 hours were investigated. For comparison, the grid without the above oxidation treatment was similarly immersed in a 0.5 mol/2 alkaline aqueous solution for 1 minute, and then immediately left in the air with electrode R filled with paste for 2 hours. The cycle life characteristics of the electrode S filled with the paste were also investigated.

第4図に、それら4つの電極の寿命サイクル数を示した
。この図から、表面を酸化した格子を用いた電極PはR
より優れ、乾燥後に充てんしたQでもSより寿命特性が
良いことがわかる。すなわち、表面が酸化されて格子上
にアルカリ水溶液の液膜が形成されると、鉛酸化物は、
亜鉛酸イオンの形で溶解し、表面に付着しているので、
2時間空気中に放置されてアルカリ水溶液の液膜が乾燥
されても、密な析出層が界面に存在し、早期容量劣化の
抑制効果は大きい。しかし、表面が酸化されていない格
子の場合は、格子表面にアルカリ水溶液の液膜が形成さ
れても、アルカリ水溶液の液膜が乾燥し、液膜が薄くな
ると、亜鉛酸イオンなどの溶解物の絶対量が減少し、早
期容量劣化の抑制効果は著しく低下することが認められ
た。
FIG. 4 shows the number of life cycles of these four electrodes. From this figure, the electrode P using the lattice whose surface is oxidized is R
It can be seen that even Q, which is filled after drying, has better life characteristics than S. In other words, when the surface is oxidized and a liquid film of alkaline aqueous solution is formed on the lattice, lead oxide
Since it is dissolved in the form of zincate ions and attached to the surface,
Even if the liquid film of the alkaline aqueous solution is dried by being left in the air for 2 hours, a dense precipitated layer still exists at the interface, which is highly effective in suppressing early capacity deterioration. However, in the case of a lattice whose surface is not oxidized, even if a liquid film of alkaline aqueous solution is formed on the lattice surface, when the liquid film of alkaline aqueous solution dries and becomes thin, dissolved substances such as zincate ions can be removed. It was observed that the absolute amount decreased and the effect of suppressing early capacity deterioration was significantly reduced.

また、鉛の酸化物や塩基性硫酸鉛は、中性や酸性水溶液
にほとんど溶解しないので、格子表面上に中性や酸性の
水溶液のフィルムを形成しても必ずしもうまく効果を得
にくい。
In addition, lead oxides and basic lead sulfate hardly dissolve in neutral or acidic aqueous solutions, so forming a film of neutral or acidic aqueous solutions on the lattice surface does not necessarily produce a good effect.

なお、本発明ではアルカリ水溶液の液膜中への鉛酸化物
め溶解性を活用したものであって、アルカリ水溶液とし
て水酸化ナトリウムの水溶液を用いても、水酸化カリウ
ムのような他のアルカリを用いても同様の効果が認めら
れた。
The present invention takes advantage of the solubility of lead oxide in the liquid film of an aqueous alkali solution, and even if an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is used as the aqueous alkali solution, other alkalis such as potassium hydroxide cannot be used. A similar effect was observed when using

以上のよ2に、本発明は格子と活物質の界面の性質を改
善し、効果的に電池寿命を改善するものである。
As described above, the present invention improves the properties of the interface between the lattice and the active material, thereby effectively improving the battery life.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は各種正極を用いた鉛蓄電池の充放電すd) 命サイクル数と格子を浸漬処理した水酸化ナトリウム水
溶液の濃度との関係を示す図、第3図は寿命サイクル数
と、格子をアルカリ水溶液中で処理後鉛ペーストを充て
んするまでの時間との関係を示す図、第4図は酸化処理
した格子と酸化処理しない格子を用いたものの寿命サイ
クル数の比較を示す。 代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名第1
図 九大(覚すイクル款− 第2図 醸oH1声(七リフ 第3図 蚊置持開(今〕 @4図
Figure 1 shows the relationship between the number of life cycles and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in which the grid was immersed. Figure 4 shows the relationship between the time taken to fill the lead paste after treatment in an alkaline aqueous solution, and the comparison of the number of life cycles between oxidized grids and non-oxidized grids. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 9 (Awakening Ikuru Clause - Figure 2) OH1 voice (7th riff Figure 3 Mosquito stand (now)) @Figure 4

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)鉛または鉛合金の格子の表面にアルカリ水溶液の
液膜を形成する工程と、上記処理の後に、鉛ペーストを
充てん工程を有することを特徴とした鉛蓄電池用電極の
製造法。
(1) A method for producing an electrode for a lead-acid battery, comprising the steps of forming a liquid film of an aqueous alkaline solution on the surface of a lead or lead alloy grid, and, after the above treatment, filling with lead paste.
(2)前記液膜の未乾燥状態において、鉛ペーストを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の鉛蓄電池用電極の
製造法。
(2) The method for producing an electrode for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the liquid film is in an undried state using lead paste.
(3)前記格子がその表面の一部または全部に酸化層を
有する特許請求の範囲第1項記載の鉛蓄電池用電極の製
造法。
(3) The method for manufacturing an electrode for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the lattice has an oxidized layer on a part or all of its surface.
JP57078931A 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Manufacture of electrode for lead storage battery Pending JPS58197663A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57078931A JPS58197663A (en) 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Manufacture of electrode for lead storage battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57078931A JPS58197663A (en) 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Manufacture of electrode for lead storage battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58197663A true JPS58197663A (en) 1983-11-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57078931A Pending JPS58197663A (en) 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Manufacture of electrode for lead storage battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58197663A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60158550A (en) * 1984-01-30 1985-08-19 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Manufacture of cathode plate for lead acid battery
CN111799473A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-10-20 安徽超威电源有限公司 Pasting method of grid punching for lead-acid storage battery

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60158550A (en) * 1984-01-30 1985-08-19 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Manufacture of cathode plate for lead acid battery
CN111799473A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-10-20 安徽超威电源有限公司 Pasting method of grid punching for lead-acid storage battery

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