JPS5817371B2 - combustion device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a combustion apparatus for waste incineration, etc., which is equipped with a moving bed type stoker.

There have been many proposals for the treatment of various types of waste, including industrial waste, general household garbage, and other miscellaneous items that vary depending on the source, but at present it is recommended to incinerate as much of the waste as possible. is normal.

There are many types of combustion equipment for incineration processing, but the moving bed type stoker is the most suitable for large-scale processing.
A typical example is one using

In this furnace, an air-permeable conveyor surface called a chain grate serves as the fire bed, and the material to be processed is moved and burned on top of the chain grate.Compared to a fixed fire bed type, this furnace is more difficult to process continuously. It has the characteristics of high combustion efficiency and easy management.

However, if the material to be treated is difficult to burn, such as containing a large amount of ash or incombustible materials, after only the surface portion of the material deposited on the chain grate burns, the underlying portion may be covered with ash, etc. In many cases, complete combustion may not occur.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a plurality of moving bed type stokers are arranged in a stair-like manner so that the material to be processed can be transferred to the next stoker.
There is a combustion device (for example, the one in Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-31272) in which the object to be treated is turned upside down and stirred when it falls onto a chain grate.

However, this method has the disadvantage that the entire device inevitably becomes larger and more complicated.

The present invention has succeeded in overcoming these drawbacks of conventional combustion equipment, and in a combustion equipment equipped with a moving bed type stoker, the chain grate of the stoker is Having a stepped grate surface formed by a single chain grate formed by arranging the suspension sprocket and guidance mechanism of the chain grate so that it travels downward during part of the forward stroke The present invention provides a combustion device characterized by the following.

The present invention will be explained below by showing specific examples.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a combustion apparatus for incinerating waste according to the present invention, and details of attached mechanisms other than a characteristic stoker portion are omitted.

In the diagram, 1 is the chain grate, 2 to 5 are the sprockets on which chain grate 1 is suspended, and sprocket 3 is the sprocket on which chain grate 1 is suspended.
is driven by a motor, and the other sprockets rotate freely.

The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of movement of the chain plate and the direction of rotation of the sprocket.

The reason why the chain grate 1 moves downward after engaging the sprocket 3 is because the guide rail engaging pieces 7 (fixed to both ends of the chain grate 1 at equal intervals) engage the guide rails 6a and 6b. This is because by moving, the guide rails 6 are guided according to the arrangement.

The material to be processed deposited from the hopper 8 is deposited on the chain grate 1 at the left end of the figure, and while being transported to the right, it is preheated and dried by hot air supplied from below, and then ignited. It burns until it reaches that part.

However, in the lower layer, there is still some unburned material remaining because it is under ash, incombustible materials, etc.

When the chain grate 1 travels downward along the guide rail 6, such incompletely burned materials fall to the section A, and are turned upside down, stirred, and crushed into chunks.

Therefore, during the subsequent horizontal movement, unburned materials are well combusted, and only unburnt materials and ash are discharged to the ash removal damper 9 at the right end.

In the above example, the number of locations where the chain rate runs downward is one, but this may be two or more locations as required.

It is desirable that the height between the stepped grate surfaces formed in this way (H in FIG. 1) is usually 50 to 100 cm.

Note that in the downward strike portion, the chain grating does not necessarily have to be vertical; almost the same effect can be achieved as long as the chain grating is inclined at an angle of about 60° or more.

It goes without saying that the drive sprocket can be freely selected, and the chain grate guidance mechanism is not limited to the one in the above example.

The grate support mechanism may also be of a chain type, roller type, or any other type.

As mentioned above, the combustion apparatus of the present invention has a unique improvement in that the grate surface of the stoker is made step-like by a single chain grate, so it is different from the conventional multiple moving bed type stoker. Compared to a combustion device that is arranged in a stair-like manner,
It has many features as follows.

■ Since there is only one stoker, the chain grate drive part, which is the most expensive part of the stoker, can be provided with the least number of parts, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced to a few minutes.

■ For the same reason, it is easy to operate and maintain.

■ In general, when burning materials that are difficult to burn, such as miscellaneous waste, it is important to stir them appropriately; if you stir too much, the burning part will be under the unburned part and the fire will go out. Not only that, but it also generates a large amount of soot and dust, increasing the load on the dust collector.

In the case of a stoker with a stepped chain grating surface, the degree of agitation is adjusted by the size of the head difference between the chain grate surfaces, but in the conventional method, the above head difference is calculated by multiplying the diameter of the sprocket and the thickness of the grate piece. It is impossible to make it smaller than the sum of 2.

On the other hand, with the method of the present invention, the head can be set freely from a minimal head of about a few centimeters, so the optimal head (that is, the degree of stirring) for combustion can be selected depending on the properties of the object to be treated. can.

Furthermore, since there is no need for an unnecessarily large head difference, there is no fear that the height of the apparatus will become enormous and the ash removal section will have to be an underground pit.

■ With conventional systems, it is virtually impossible to change the length of each stage combustion section or the head between stages as necessary, but with the combustion device of the present invention, the chain grate can be moved downward. It is easy to make the position and function of the sprocket and guidance mechanism variable for the purpose of making the device characteristics changeable within a certain range.

In general, in the combustion treatment of waste, it is rare that materials with a constant combustibility are treated over a long period of time, and treatment conditions often have to be changed due to a significant change in the material to be treated. However, with the device of the present invention,
As described above, by making the device characteristics variable and adjusting them as needed, it is possible to always achieve the best combustion conditions and exhibit high throughput.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram (partially cutaway side view) of one example of a combustion device according to the present invention. 1: Chain grade, 2-5: Sprocket 6: Guide rail, 7: Guide rail engagement piece, 8: Hopper, 9
: Ash removal damper.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a combustion device equipped with a moving stoker, a single unit formed by arranging the suspension sprocket and guidance mechanism of the stoker so that the chain grate of the stoker runs downward during part of its forward stroke. A combustion device characterized by having a step-like grate surface formed by a chain grate.