JP2860875B2 - Two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator for incinerating both general refuse and turfgrass-like debris.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, paper, cardboard, pruning branches, kitchen waste,
Grate-burning incinerators are the most widely used incinerators for municipal solid waste, which has a relatively high shape retention, including combustibles such as plastics and incombustibles. A batch incinerator with a built-in grate was used, and waste was intermittently thrown in from the hopper and incinerated.However, there was difficulty in completely burning and preventing soot due to the accumulation of waste on the grate. However, there was a drawback that continuous incineration was impossible.

[0003] When fine particles such as turfgrass are deposited on a fixed grate, that is, when they are deposited on a mountain-like or residual ash due to normal upward charging, there is no gap between the fine particles and combustion occurs. Insufficient supply of air for use, and the burning location is not a complete area but a specific location.The fire is extinguished and cannot be burned, or the fines and residual ash deposited in a dense state do not fall naturally and extinguish. Or there is difficulty in removing the residual ash in the state of accumulation from the top and bottom,
The above disadvantages are doubled during the incineration of these debris.

[0004] As an incinerator for municipal solid waste,
Some municipal solid waste incinerators use a crane to supply a large amount of garbage to the hopper, and agitate and invert the high-temperature air in the incinerator. Therefore, the apparatus is complicated, large, and expensive, and is not suitable for general use and incineration of fines alone.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to incinerate general waste such as paper and branches that are discarded when pruning trees, as well as, for example, to cut grass, dried turfgrass, sake lees, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a two-stage hearth moving-bed incinerator in which refuse is incinerated and burned stably for continuous incineration.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problem that continuous incineration of turfgrass-like debris is impossible based on the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides two upper and lower hearths in an incineration chamber, While making the hearth a moving bed type in which a large number of grate plates circulate and move, and by providing a second burner portion on the circulation base end side of the lower hearth, incineration of general refuse in the upper hearth, Fines are uniformly loaded and loaded on the grate plate at an appropriate thickness, and the fines are ignited and burned by the second burner to burn them, and also promote complete combustion.

In view of the problem that it is difficult to ensure complete combustion and soot prevention, a secondary air blowing section is provided above the hearth in an incineration chamber, so that black smoke and the like are secondarily burned and completely burnt. In order to solve the above problem, the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes an upper and lower hearth 2 according to the present invention, and a lower hearth 3 is a moving bed type which circulates and moves. The incinerator 4 of the incinerator 1 is surrounded by a refractory material 5 and a heat insulating material 6 and the outside is covered with a steel plate 7.

The incinerator 1 is installed at a predetermined height from the ground surface by pillars 8, 8a,..., An exhaust duct 9 is provided at the upper part of the incinerator 1, and a funnel section having a reduced diameter at the lower part of the incinerator 1 is provided. A discharge port 11 is formed by providing 10, and a residual ash storage container 12 is disposed below the discharge port 11.

In the middle part of the incinerator 4, an upper hearth 2 is fixedly arranged in a horizontal state, and the hearth 2 has a through hole in its thickness direction.
The fixed grate 14 is provided with 13, 13a.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a charging hopper provided on one side of the incinerator 1, which is slightly higher than the upper hearth 2 and opens an upper charging port 17 on a side wall 16 of the incinerator 1, 17
An opening door 19 for opening and closing an opening 17 by providing a hinge portion 18 at a lower portion of a side wall 16 on an upper side of the opening 16 is provided.

A loading plate 20 is horizontally erected at the lower edge of the loading port 17 inside and outside the side wall 16, and standing plates 21, 21 a are vertically projected outside the loading plate 20. At the same time, an inclined portion 22 and a vertical portion 23 adjacent to one side of the hearth 2 are connected to an inner edge of the charging plate 20 to form a guide portion 24.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a first burner section provided on the other side of the incinerator 1, and a main part of the first burner section 25 is an upper hearth 2.
At the height position facing the upper part of the incinerator 1 and the side wall 16a of the incinerator 1.
The incinerator 4 is provided with a penetrating tube 26 projecting toward the center in the incinerator 4. The tip of the penetrating tube 26 is adjacent to the other side of the hearth 2 and an auxiliary burner 27 is provided outside the side wall 16a of the incinerator 1. The auxiliary burner 27 has a burner burner port 28 located inside the through cylinder 26 near the outside.

A lower hearth 3 is disposed below the upper hearth 2 in the lower part of the incinerator 4. Specifically, on one side of the incinerator 1, a lower part of the guide 24 of the charging hopper 15 is provided. On the other side, the lower hearth 3 is arranged in a horizontal state up to the base end of the penetration tube 26 of the first burner part 25, and the hearth 3 is formed as a moving bed type grate 29 which circulates and moves at a low speed. .

That is, a pair of chain sprockets 30 and 30a are rotatably installed below the guide portion 24 and the penetrating cylinder 26,
Endless roller chains 31, 31a are wound around the chain sprockets 30, 30a.

The roller chains 31, 31a are formed by alternately connecting roller links 32, 32a... And pin links 33, 33a.
35, 35a ... and pins 36, 36a ... and the inner link plates 34, 34a at the pin links 33, 33a ...
Are formed integrally with horizontal attachments 38, 38a having rising portions 37, 37a.

Are mounting plates which are screwed and fixed between the attachments 38, 38a which are arranged side by side with screws 40, 40a and which are installed between the roller chains 31, 31a. 39, 39a… the front edge of the hanging plate 41,
Are formed integrally, and horizontal plates 42, 42a are formed integrally with the lower ends of the hanging plates 41, 41a.
9, 39a ... are made into a Z shape and reinforced.

On the upper surface of the mounting plates 39, 39a, are fixed grate plates 44, 44a, which are provided with a large number of through holes 43, 43a, made of punching plates. The grate plates 44, 44a,. The rear plate extends rearward from the mounting plates 39, 39a, and the pin links 33, 33a of the roller chains 31, 31a.
It extends slightly longer than the pitch.

Reference numeral 45 denotes a charging conveyor for transporting the incineration material to the lower hearth 3 in the incinerator 1, and a lower charging port 46 serving as a mounting port on the side wall 16 of the incinerator 1 below the charging hopper 15. The lower part of the guide portion 24 for the input hopper 15 is formed as a charging space 47, and the charging conveyor 45 passes through the charging port 46 so that the tip roller 48 is positioned in the charging space 47 in an inclined state. It is arranged.

The charging conveyor 45 uses a heat-resistant belt conveyor or the like, and the grate plate 4 constituting the lower hearth 3.
The width of 4, 44a is determined according to the amount of incineration treatment, and the mounting plates 39, 39a provided between the pair of roller chains 31, 31a with respect to the set width of the grate plates 44, 44a.
. In the case of a long size, a plurality of grate plates 44, 44a... In the width direction may be used.

The width and feed rate of the lower hearth 3 and the charging conveyor 45 are made in consideration of the thickness of the fine particles deposited on the hearth 3. It has a small width.

Reference numeral 49 denotes a second burner portion disposed in the vicinity of the chain sprocket 30 provided on one side of the incinerator 1. The burner flame 50 of the second burner portion 49 is directed to the upper part of the chain sprocket 30, and The second burner unit 49 may be equipped with an automatic ignition device, or may extinguish a fire at a predetermined time after ignition.

Further, a guide plate 51 is provided between the charging conveyor 45 and the second burner 49, and the above-described upper charging port 17 is provided.
Guide section 24 also has a configuration for dividing upper and lower input ports 17, 46.

With the above configuration, a large number of grate plates 44, 44a
.. Are horizontally circulating freely from one side of the incinerator 4 to the other side, and the return path thereof is the chain sprocket 30 on the other side.
The grate plates 44, 44a... are turned upside down by a, the grate plates 44, 44a... are temporarily inclined at the time of the reversal, and the second burner portion 49 is a circulation base end of the grate plates 44, 44a. Placed on the side.

Numeral 52 is a secondary air blowing portion provided in the incineration chamber 4. The secondary air blowing portion 52 has a vertex 53 in the form of a cone or a pyramid in the upper and lower portions, respectively. Are aligned with the center of the exhaust duct 9 of the incinerator 1, and outlets 55, 55a... Are formed through lower walls 54, 54a of the secondary air outlet 52.

The secondary air blowing section 52 has a forced air supply, and the combustion air to the lower hearth 3 is supplied by natural air.
Forced air supply can be selected, and the first and second burner
Reference numerals 5 and 49 may be those whose heat power can be freely adjusted or those whose ON-OFF can be automatically controlled according to other conditions.

Next, the operation of the two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator according to the present invention will be described. When incinerating general garbage called garbage such as papers, cardboard, pruned branches, etc. 2 and the incineration of fines and fines such as food waste in the turfgrass, processing, and manufacturing processes, using the lower hearth 3 in some cases, and both may be used at the same time. Examples of the installation of the furnace 1 include a golf course and a food processing factory.

At the time of incineration by the upper hearth 2, refuse that has been properly dried is ignited from the outside or by using the first burner 25, and the refuse accumulated on the hearth 2 is ignited. Natural incineration is performed, and when the drying is insufficient, the first burner unit 25 is operated even after ignition by the first burner unit 25 to incinerate the waste.

The flame emitted from the burner burner port 28 of the auxiliary burner 27 of the first burner section 25 penetrates the penetrating cylinder 26, reaches the debris on the hearth 2 from the front opening, and leaves the remaining dust. The ash falls from the lattice-shaped opening of the moving bed type grate 29.

Also, at the time of incineration by the lower hearth 3,
The dried debris is supplied from the input conveyor 45 to the grate plate of the hearth 3
Since the grate plates 44, 44a ... and the input conveyor 45 are circulating and moving together, the fine particles deposited on the grate plates 44, 44a ... have a uniform thickness. Become.

Then, the fines transferred on the grate plates 44, 44a are ignited by the flame emitted from the second burner part 49, and are incinerated while being burned, and the fines are burned. In the case of turf grass that is easy to use, it is ignited once and incinerated only by fire.

[0032] The residual ash after incineration of fine dust is grate plate.
After falling from the through holes 43, 43a of the 44, 44a, the grate plates 44, 44a are inclined at the position of the chain sprocket 30a on the other side, become vertical, and then turned upside down to change the posture. The residual ash on the lattice plates 44, 44a ... falls when inclined.

As described above, the residual ash generated by the incineration action of the two upper and lower hearths 2 and 3 passes through the funnel 10 to the discharge port 11.
From the ash storage container 12.

Exhaust gas generated during incineration in the upper and lower hearths 2 and 3 and containing black smoke is subjected to secondary combustion by the secondary air supplied from the secondary air blowing section 52, and ,
The exhaust gas rising from 3 is sufficiently mixed with the lower walls 54 and 54a serving as a baffle plate, and complete combustion of the exhaust gas and temperature reduction are performed.

When the garbage is incinerated mainly in the upper hearth 2, the flame may reach a height of 1 m or more or reach a maximum of 700 ° C. or more. However, even if the secondary air outlet 52 is not directly exhausted due to an obstacle, or if high-temperature exhaust gas reaches the secondary air outlet 52, secondary air Since the room temperature air is always supplied to the section 52, thermal damage to the secondary air blowing section 52 is prevented.

The main operation and effect when the two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator according to the present invention is connected to a drying apparatus will be described. The exhaust duct 9 of the incinerator 1 and the hot air supply apparatus in the drying apparatus will be described. Are connected by a ventilation duct, so that the waste heat in the incinerator 1 can be used as hot air of the drying device.

Further, the temperature of the exhaust gas is reduced to 200 to 300 ° C. by the air supplied from the secondary air blowing section 52, so that a suitable temperature of hot air can be supplied to the drying apparatus. When the incineration action by 3 is not performed, hot air can be supplied to the drying device by operating the first burner section 25, and the drying device does not need to be provided with a hot air supply device.

If the drying device is a continuous drying device instead of a batch furnace, the drying operation, the transfer from the drying device to the incinerator 1 and the incineration operation are automated by putting the thin bodies into the hopper of the drying device. And the lower hearth 3
After the incineration action and the incineration action are started, all the heat sources can be eliminated.

[0039]

In summary, the present invention provides the incineration chamber 4 with two vertical
Since the furnace hearths 2 and 3 are provided, the upper and lower hearths 2 and 3 can be selected mainly according to the size of the waste, without the need for two dedicated incinerators and one. Simple and inexpensive incinerator 1
And the upper hearth 2 is formed as a fixed grate 14, and the upper inlet 17 for the upper hearth 2 is provided in the incinerator 1. Similarly, papers, pruned branches and the like can be put in from the inlet 17 to easily incinerate the refuse.

Further, the lower hearth 3 is connected to a large number of grate plates 44,44.
a ... is a moving bed type that circulates, and the lower hearth 3
Is provided in the incinerator 1, so that the grate plates 44, 44a, into which the fine bodies and fines are charged and loaded, circulate and move. Deposits can be deposited evenly in thickness, and fines and residual ash do not become mountain-like, provide an appropriate air supply, or incineration is a flat burning, complete combustion, and a grate plate 44, 44a…
In order to drop the residual ash on the outward and return trips during the circulating movement of the grate, the residual ash does not accumulate on the grate plates 44, 44a. Since the second burner portion 49 is provided on the base side of the circulation of 3, it is possible to ignite the input fine particles and the like, and the fine particles are sequentially burned and once ignited, the operation of the second burner portion 49 is stopped. And save energy.

Further, since the first burner section 25 is provided so as to face the upper hearth 2, the first burner section 25 is continuously operated even after the first burner section 25 is ignited for insufficiently dried refuse to burn the refuse. And the first burner section 25 is provided on the side wall 16 of the incinerator 1.
a, a penetrating cylinder 26 is provided, and the tip of the penetrating cylinder 26 is brought close to the hearth 2 and an auxiliary burner 27 is provided in the penetrating cylinder 26. , The refuse can be efficiently ignited by the flame emitted from the burner opening 28 of the auxiliary burner 27, and the auxiliary burner
27 does not need to be disposed deep inside the incineration chamber 4 and protects the auxiliary burner 27 so that deterioration can be reduced.

In the lower hearth 3, the attachment 3 is attached to a pair of roller chains 31, 31 a that can rotate and rotate.
8 and 38a are provided, and opposed attachments 38 and 38a are provided.
Attachment plate 39, 39a… fixed between
If the roller chains 31, 31a with 38, 38a are used, it is possible to easily construct a circulation movement path with a commercially available product, and a large number of grate plates 44, 44a on the mounting plates 39, 39a.
, The width of the hearth 3 can be easily set via the mounting plates 39, 39a,... And the grate plates 44, 44a,.
Can be easily replaced.

The grate plates 44, 44a are attachments.
38, 38a ... extended to the rear side, so a continuous grate plate
In 44, 44a, the grate plates 44, 44a on the traveling direction side
Is placed on the subsequent grate plates 44, 44a… in a partially overlapping state,
Roller chains 31, 31a are chain sprockets 30a
When the posture is changed, the ash on the grate plates 44, 44a ... can all be dropped in order to convert the top and bottom through the inclination and vertical state. It can be set properly, and the hanging plate 4 is located below the mounting plates 39, 39a.
, And the horizontal plates 42, 42a... Are provided below the hanging plates 41, 41a... When the distance between the pair of roller chains 31, 31a is wide, the mounting plate 39 is provided. , 39
are integrated with the hanging plates 41, 41a, and the horizontal plates 42, 42a, and are Z-shaped, so that the rigidity can be improved.

In addition, since the charging conveyor 45 faces the charging port 46 of the incinerator 1 at the upper part of the upper end of the hearth 3 at the circulating base end side, it is possible to continuously input and incinerate the fine particles, and to continuously input the chips. .. Are continuously loaded on the grate plates 44, 44a... Of the hearth 3, and the fines on the grate plates 44, 44a. It can be made uniform in thickness and thickness.

Further, since the guide portion 24 is provided inside the incineration chamber 4 between the upper and lower inlets 17 and 46, the upper and lower hearths 2 and
3, general waste and fines can be easily introduced from the inlets 17 and 46, and the input conveyor 45 and the lower hearth 3
Since the guide plate 51 is provided therebetween, all of the fines supplied from the charging conveyor 45 are transferred onto the grate plates 44, 44a,... Of the hearth 3 so that all the fines can be incinerated.

Further, a secondary air blowing part is provided above the hearth 2 of the upper stage.
Since 52 is provided, even if incomplete combustion or black smoke is generated, complete combustion can be performed by introducing secondary air to high-temperature exhaust gas. , The temperature of the exhaust gas can be reduced, and the secondary air blowing section 52 is constituted by lower walls 54, 54a so as to have an apex 53, and outlets 55, 55a,. The lower wall 54, 54a acts as a baffle for exhaust gas rising from the upper and lower hearths 2, 3 to mix exhaust gas and secondary air, thereby promoting complete combustion. Its practical effects are enormous.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main part of the moving bed.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator 2 Hearth 3 Hearth 4 Incineration chamber 14 Fixed grate 17 Input port 24 Guide part 25 First burner part 26 Penetrating cylinder 27 Auxiliary burner 31, 31a Roller chain 38, 38a… Attachment 39, 39a… Mounting plate 41 , 41a… Hanging plates 42, 42a… Horizontal plates 44, 44a… Grate plate 45 Entry conveyor 46 Entry port 49 Second burner 51 Guide plate 52 Secondary air outlet 53 Apex 54, 54a Lower wall 55, 55a… Outlet

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. An incinerator is provided with two upper and lower hearths, an upper hearth is formed as a fixed grate, an upper inlet for the upper hearth is provided in the incinerator, and a lower hearth is provided. It is a moving bed type in which a large number of grate plates are circulated and moved, and a lower inlet for the lower hearth is provided in the incinerator, and a second burner portion is provided on the lower end of the hearth in the circulation base end side. A two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator. 2. A first burner portion is provided facing the upper hearth, and the first burner portion is provided with a penetrating cylinder on a side wall of the incinerator. 2. The two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary burner is provided in the cylinder. 3. The lower hearth comprises a pair of roller chains circulating and rotatable provided with attachments, and a plurality of grate plates attached to an attachment plate fixed between the opposed attachments. 1 or 2 two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator. 4. The grate plate extends to the rear side of the attachment, a hanging plate is continuously provided below the mounting plate, and a horizontal plate is continuously provided below the hanging plate. 3. Two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator. 5. The moving bed of a two-stage hearth according to claim 1, wherein a charging conveyor faces a charging port of the incinerator at an upper portion of a circulation base end side of the upper hearth. Type incinerator. 6. The two-stage hearth movement according to claim 5, wherein a guide portion is provided inside the incineration chamber between the upper and lower charging ports, and a guide plate is provided between the charging conveyor and the lower hearth. Floor type incinerator. 7. A secondary air outlet is provided on an upper part of an upper hearth, and the secondary air outlet is constituted by a lower wall so as to have an apex, and an outlet is formed in the lower wall. The two-stage hearth moving bed incinerator according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.