JPS58138950A - Hot water feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the amount of heat collection by a method wherein a heat pump cycle is applied to a solar heat collector and water is heated by the absorption of solar heat and the heat of the air so that it is possible to collect solar heat even on a cloudy day or a rainy day on which insolation is absent. CONSTITUTION:A connecting pipe 4a, a solar heat collector 5, a connecting pipe 4b, an accumulator 6, etc. are connected in order to form a loop to thereby consitute a heat medium heat collecting circuit. Further, a hot water storage tank 7 and a water heater 8 are connected to each other through a pipe to thereby constitute a water heating circuit. The water heater 8 comprises a cylindrical pipe provided with a vertical fin 8a on the inner surface thereof and a steel pipe forming a heat medium condenser 2 is wound tightly about the outer circumference thereof in a helical fashion. The heat medium in the heat medium heat collecting circuit flows in the direction of the solid line arrow. In this case, the vaporizing temperature of the heat medium is set lower than the temperature of the open air so that the heat medium adsorbs solar heat and the heat of the air through a solar heat collector 5, is gasified due to vaporization and flows into a compressor 1 through the connecting pipe 4b and the accumulator 6. On the other hand, the water in the water heating circuit flows in the direction of the broken line arrow so that the low temperature water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 7 is heated to an elevated temperature and moves toward the upper part of the tank 7 to repeat natural circulation. Further, the water flowing through the water heater 8 and the heat medium flowing through the heat medium condenser 2 which is in heat transfer relationship with the water heater flow in a counter-flow fashion such that the water flows upward from downward while the heat medium flows downward from upward.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a water heater that utilizes solar heat or atmospheric heat.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, pump-type solar water heaters and forced circulation type solar heat collectors are known as water heaters that utilize solar heat. These conventional water heaters that use solar heat do not have a heat collection function when there is no solar radiation, so an auxiliary heat source is essential, and furthermore, solar energy is scarce, so a heat collector is not required. Since it is inevitably large and consists of the heat collector itself, heat collecting plate, transparent glass, heat insulating material, etc., it is heavy and expensive, and the installation materials and construction costs are high, resulting in high initial cost. becomes higher.

Furthermore, there are drawbacks such as an increase in the cost of hot water supply equipment including an auxiliary heat source. To solve these shortcomings of conventional solar water storage systems, a heat pump cycle is used in the heat collecting circuit, using a refrigerant as the working medium, and the heat pumped up from solar heat and atmospheric heat is radiated into water to obtain hot water. There are possible ways.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a compressor 1', a condenser 2'
, an expansion valve 3', and a heat collector 4' connected in order in a ring to form a refrigerant heat collection circuit, a hot water storage tank 6', and a water circulation pump 6'.

The condenser 2' and the water heater 7' are, for example, a double winch heat exchanger, with the refrigerant in the inner tube and the water in the outer tube. A hot water supply system is constructed by allowing the two fluids to flow and allowing heat exchange between the two fluids. In the water heater described above, the heat collector 4' is constituted by a fin-tube heat exchanger or the like, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant heat collection circuit flows as indicated by the solid arrow.

That is, the refrigerant gas compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 1' flows into the condenser 2', and heat is radiated to the flowing water through the water heater 2', which is in a heat exchange relationship, by the action of the water circulation pump 6'. However, the condensed refrigerant is adiabatically expanded by the action of the expansion valve 3, becomes low temperature and low pressure, and flows into the heat collector 4. Since the refrigerant evaporation temperature [1d in the heat collector 4' is set lower than the outside air temperature, the refrigerant absorbs heat from solar heat and atmospheric heat in the heat collector 4', evaporates into gas, and is sucked into the compressor 1'. - The water heated by the power water heater 7' flows into the hot water storage tank 5', and the water temperature gradually rises. As explained above, by applying the heat pump cycle to the solar heat collector, Heat is pumped up from solar heat and atmospheric heat to heat water, so on cloudy days when there is no solar radiation,
Even in rainy weather, it is possible to exert a heat collecting effect, and the amount of heat collected can be increased. In addition, the heat collector is a fin-tube heat exchanger without transparent glass or heat insulating material, making it smaller and lighter and cheaper. In addition, even if an electric compressor is used to collect heat, the efficiency of the heat pump is high, and the amount of heat collected increases, so water supply running costs, including energy usage for auxiliary heat sources, can be saved, including equipment costs. It is possible to improve economic efficiency.

As mentioned above, in order to further improve the operating efficiency of a water heater that uses a heat pump as a means for collecting solar heat, it is necessary to reduce the power of the water circulation pump, which does not contribute to water heating at all. Usually the power consumption of water circulation pump is 20~ per hour.
Although the soW is required, the present invention aims to improve the operating efficiency in a water heater using the above-mentioned heat pump as a means for collecting solar heat.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by:
The water heating circuit uses a natural circulation system, so the water passage is composed of a vertical internally finned tube, and the refrigerant condenser is wound and fixed around the outer periphery of this internally finned tube, and the flow of water and refrigerant is made into countercurrent flow. That's what I did.

With the above configuration, by eliminating the water circulation pump in the water heating circuit, operating power consumption can be saved and economical efficiency can be further improved. The flow resistance of the water circulation circuit is reduced by forming the natural water circulation circuit into a vertical internally finned tube, by tightly winding and fixing the refrigerant condenser to the internally finned tube, and by making the flow of water and refrigerant countercurrent. In addition, the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant and the water is high, and the water rises to a high value, which has the advantage of ensuring a natural circulation effect.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.

1 is a compressor, 2 is a condenser, 3 is an expansion valve, and 4a is a connecting pipe 5 which is a heat collector, which is composed of a fin-tube heat exchanger. Reference numeral 4b indicates a connection pipe, and reference numeral 6 indicates an accumulator, which are sequentially connected in a ring to form a refrigerant heat collecting circuit. 7 is a hot water storage tank, and 8 is a water heater, which are connected to each other via piping to form a water heating circuit. As shown in FIG. 3, the water heater 8 is a cylindrical tube with vertical fins 8a on its inner surface, and a can knob 8b with pipe connection threads is fixed to the upper open end and the lower open end, respectively. The upper and lower caps and the hot water storage tank 7 are connected by pipes to complete a water circulation circuit.

A steel pipe constituting the refrigerant condenser 2 is closely wound in a helical shape around the outer circumferential surface of the water heater 8, which is constructed of a cylindrical tube with internal fins, and is then tightly fixed with a copper dimple or the like. Further, the upper pipe end of the refrigerant condenser 2 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 1, and the lower pipe end is connected to the inlet of the expansion valve 3, respectively.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. The refrigerant in the refrigerant heat collection circuit flows as shown by the solid arrow. That is, compressor 1
The high-temperature, high-pressure discharged gas refrigerant compressed by
The liquid refrigerant that flows into the pipe from the upper part 2a, is discharged into the water in the water heater 8, and flows out of the condenser 2 vibrator is passed through the expansion valve 3.
It expands adiabatically, becomes low temperature and low pressure, passes through the connecting pipe 4a, flows into the heat collector 6 made of a fin tube, and evaporates. Here, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant is set lower than the outside air temperature, so the refrigerant absorbs heat from the sun and the atmosphere through the fin tube, evaporates into gas, and passes through the connecting pipe 4b and the accumulator 6 to the compressor 1. flows into. The refrigerant heat collecting circuit repeats the above action.

On the other hand, water in the water heating circuit flows as shown by the broken line arrow.

That is, the water in the water heater 8 is heated by the heat of condensation of the refrigerant, rises in temperature, rises in the inner finned tube, flows into the hot water tank 7, and is placed under the water heater 8 at a low temperature in the lower part of the hot water tank 7. of water flows in. In this way, the water heating circuit repeats the natural circulation in which the low-temperature water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 7 is heated by the water heater 8 and then flows into the upper part of the hot water storage tank 7. The water flows upward from below, and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant condenser 2, which is in a heat transfer relationship with the power water heater 8, flows from above downward.

As shown in Figure 4, the refrigerant is a high-temperature heated gas at the inlet of the condenser 2, and by dissipating heat to the water, a two-phase region where gas and liquid are mixed, and at the outlet of the condenser 2, there is a slight superfluous state. It becomes a cooled liquid refrigerant. -The temperature of the power water gradually rises as it flows from the inlet side to the outlet side.

As explained above, according to the embodiments of the present invention, a pump for circulating water in the water heating circuit is not required, and the cost of the entire device and operating costs can be reduced, thereby increasing economic efficiency. Furthermore, the water heater and refrigerant condenser have a simple structure in which a copper pipe is tightly fixed to a tube with internal fins, and can be manufactured at low cost. Further, since the refrigerant passage and the water passage are double-walled, even if the refrigerant condensing vibrator is damaged, refrigerant can be prevented from entering the water heating circuit. Furthermore, by making the water and refrigerant flow in opposite directions through the water heating circuit and refrigerant condenser, heat is exchanged effectively with the gas region, two-phase region, and liquid region of the refrigerant, and the temperature increase value of the water is reduced. It can be made larger and high temperature hot water extraction is possible. Moreover, the natural circulation effect can be made more reliable.

As explained above, the present invention relates to a refrigerant heat collection circuit including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, a heat collector, etc., and a hot water storage tank.

Equipped with a natural circulation water heating circuit consisting of a water heater, the water heater is composed of a vertical internally finned tube, a refrigerant condenser pipe is closely fixed to the outer circumferential surface in a spiral shape, and the refrigerant and water flow By making the directions counterflow, the refrigerant gas region, 2
By effectively utilizing the phase region and liquid region, it is possible to extract high-temperature hot water while ensuring natural circulation, eliminating the need for water circulation pumps, achieving lower equipment costs and lower operating power consumption. , it is possible to increase the economic effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a conventional water heater, Figure 2 is a circuit diagram showing a water heater of the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger between a water heater and a refrigerant condenser, and Figure 4 The figure is a state change characteristic diagram showing state changes of water and refrigerant. 1... Compressor, 2... Condenser, 3...
...Expansion valve, 5... Heat collector, 7...
・Hot water tank, 8... Water heater. Turtle 1 Figure 12Jl WA3I! 1 4 Figure □Heat exchanger length

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Natural circulation water heating consisting of a refrigerant heat collection circuit formed by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a heat collector in a ring, and a hot water storage tank and a water heater connected in a ring. A hot water supply device comprising a circuit and maintaining a condenser of the refrigerant heat collection circuit and a water heater of the water heating circuit in a heat transfer relationship. (b)) The water heater is formed by a vertical internally finned tube, and a condenser pipe is closely wound around the outer periphery of the vertical internally finned tube in a spiral shape, and then tightly fixed with a lead dip. The hot water supply device according to item 1. (3) The lower part of the vertical internally finned tube is the water inlet, and the upper part is the water outlet, and the discharged refrigerant is guided from the upper end of the condenser pipe that is wound and fixed in a spiral shape around the outer circumference of the vertical internally finned tube, and from the lower end. 2. The water heater according to claim 1, wherein the condensed liquid refrigerant is drawn out and the water and refrigerant flow in opposite directions.