JPS5811344A - Device of fluid heating pipe without insulated flange - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the insulating flanges at the outlet and inlet of a pipeline by a method wherein the pipeline flowing therethrough the fluid to be heated and kept warm is utilized as the secondary coil of a transformer and a voltage impressed on both terminals of the secondary coil and the same impressed on the insulating flanges are made substantially equal. CONSTITUTION:The transformer consists of a primary coil 14, connected to an electric source 4, and the secondary coil supplying the voltage necessary for a secondary circuit including inner and outer pipes 1, 2 forming a load pipeline and it corresponds to the insulating flange of prior art. One end of the pipeline, acting as a terminal of the secondary coil 15, is connected to the inner pipe 1 while the other end thereof is connected to the inlet 18 of the fluid of the reaction material 8 tightly and electrically, further, the inlet port 18 is connected to the outer pipe 2 with a conductor 19 to form a secondary circuit and the heat is generated mainly by a current 6 passing through the inner and outer pipes 1, 2, however, in case the secondary coil 15 is made of a material having inferior conductivity such as a copper pipe because of the temperature, pressure and corrosive effect of the reaction material 8, the heat is generated in this part also.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a fluid heating tube that can omit the insulating 7-lunges at the inlet and outlet of the conduit, which are normally required for the conduit, when the conduit is directly energized to generate heat and the fluid passing through the conduit is heated and kept warm. related to the road.

An example of heating and keeping fluid flowing through the pipe by directly applying electricity to the pipe is when transporting heavy fuel oil or some crude oil, which is highly viscous or nearly solid at room temperature, by pipeline. Although it is normal to heat and raise the temperature to make a low viscosity liquid, the pipeline itself may be directly energized to generate heat and keep it warm.

In such a case, at least one of both ends of the pipeline will require an insulating 7-lunge, and the pipeline itself must of course be insulated from the ground.

Further, for example, JP-A-66-88 regarding electrically heated reactors.
As seen in Publication No. 182, the internal and external heating tubes (1.2 in Figure 1 of the publication), which are installed in the reactor and serve as load pipes, are in direct contact with the reactant, and when the reactant is electrically conductive. but,
Although it is possible to have a structure that prevents electrical leakage from the heating tube, it is impossible to omit the insulating 7 flange (18 in FIG. 1) of the conduit that leads the reaction fluid into the reactor.

The insulating flange described above poses no problem when the fluid passing through the pipe has electrical insulation properties, but it is not effective when the fluid passing through the pipe is electrically conductive. This often causes dielectric breakdown of 7 ranges.

The purpose of the present invention is not only to completely eliminate the need for an insulating 7-lunge in such cases, but also to eliminate the need for direct energization even in conduits of conductive fluids, such as metallic liquids with good conductivity such as liquid sodium at a temperature of 100°C or higher. The purpose is to be able to heat and keep warm.

The present invention uses the secondary winding of the transformer as a conduit through which the fluid to be heated and kept warm is used to handle the voltage difference between the two sides of the insulating 7-lunge, that is, the voltage corresponding to the voltage applied to the insulating 7-lunge. The gist is to make the voltage at both ends of the secondary winding equal to tl, and incidentally, if desired, an 8th winding may be provided in the transformer in addition to the secondary winding. An alternating current applied to the transformer, in which the winding and the secondary winding are connected in parallel, and part or all of the current flowing through the secondary pipe, which is a conduit, is shared by the eighth winding. A separate power source with the same frequency as the power source is connected in parallel with the secondary winding, or the 8th winding is also connected in parallel to share all or part of the shared current of the 8th winding. The insulating 7-lunge can be omitted by, for example,

Let's explain these using drawings. Fig. 1 is the same as that shown in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 66-88182, and Fig. 2 is an abbreviated diagram of a heating tube consisting of an inner and outer tube 1.2 which becomes a load pipe line, which is a part of Fig. 1. However, this may be considered to be an abbreviated diagram of a pipeline for a fluid that becomes highly viscous or solidifies at room temperature, that is, a load pipeline. FIG. 8.4 is a modification of the load line shown in FIG. The numbers in FIGS. 1 to 4 are the same.

First, in FIG. 1, 1 is an inner tube serving as a supply channel for the reaction raw material 8, 2 is an outer tube, 8 is a gap or an insulator for electrically insulating the inner and outer tubes, and 4 is an AC power source.

The inner and outer tubes 1.2 inserted into the reactor 7 are connected to the power source 4 outside the reactor 7, and the inner end of the reactor is connected airtightly and electrically at 5, and the load heat generation H path is connected to the power source 4. It is designed to form a

The details of the mutual relationship between the inner and outer tubes 1 and 2 and the power source 4 are given in the above-mentioned J.A. No. 66-88182. , for ts
>> If it is 82, even if the reactor 7 is made of steel,
Even if the reactor contents 9 are conductive, there is no danger of electrical leakage, and even if the internal pressure of the reactor is high temperature and pressure, the insulated parts 8 need not withstand high pressure. However, even if the reaction raw material fluid 8 introduced into the reactor through the inner tube 1 has no electrical conductivity, such as hydrogen gas, the entire reaction vessel is made of an insulating material. Even if the temperature inside the reactor 7 is not high, it cannot withstand high pressure.Moreover, if the reaction raw material 8 contains even a small amount of conductive impurity, it will not be insulated. The insulation performance of the 7-lunge 18 deteriorates over time.

The present invention solves such problems in the insulating 7 langes 18,
This was done in order to eliminate any restrictions placed on the reaction raw material 8.

FIG. 6 shows the present invention applied to the reactor shown in FIG. 1, and the numbers 1-12 have the same meaning as 1-4-.

In FIG. 5, 18' is a transformer, which essentially consists of a primary winding 14" connected to the power source 4, and a secondary winding that supplies the voltage required by the load, as shown in FIG. In the present invention, the secondary winding lb has a function equivalent to that of the insulating transformer 18, and is called an insulating transformer. It is composed of a pipe that passes through it. 21 is an iron core.

And the second volume! The tube end 6, which serves as two terminals of 115, is airtightly and electrically connected to the inner tube 1 and the other to the inlet 18 of the reaction raw material fluid 80, and furthermore, the inlet 18 is connected to the outer tube 2 and the conductor 1.
9 to create a secondary circuit, heat generation is mainly performed by the current 6 passing through the inner and outer tubes 1.2, but the secondary winding 16
From the temperature, pressure, and corrosivity of the reaction 11X1i+8,
Materials that do not have good conductivity such as copper pipes] Narutokisha,
It must be considered that heat is generated in this area as well.

By configuring as described above, the insulating 7 flange 18 that was necessary in FIG. Furthermore, it is now possible to heat even corrosive materials9.

However, in order to freely determine the heat generation amount Wt of the inner and outer tubes 1.2 and the ratio of the heat generation Wt in the secondary winding 16, etc., it is necessary to , it may not be sufficient to have different dimensions such as wall thickness.

In the present invention, as one means for making it possible to arbitrarily select a higher ratio of Wt-Wt, Wt, the insulating transformer 18' is provided with an 88th winding 16, and the 8th winding 16
It is also possible to connect the secondary winding 15 in parallel and share a part or most of the load circuit current 6 with the eighth winding. In addition, the 8th volume 1i in Figure 5! Reference numeral 16 follows a simple illustration method, and usually takes a form called an outer iron type or an inner iron deaf type. 1, now ex, i Yuki+ 13+ 6Me 11+ zs
Let be the no-load voltage, shared current, and internal impedance of the secondary winding and the 8th winding, respectively, and let them be vector quantities. If the current 6 is i, then I■l +1j (1) Illusion -12θm @s-1szs (2 ) holds true, but if it is 67”1!13, Is Z
s, the current i3 shared by the primary winding is i! In order to make it larger than zs, it is sufficient to make zs as small as possible.

Then, if the current 6 flowing through the inner and outer tubes 1.2 is constant, the current 12 will become smaller. In this way, the heat generation Wi in the secondary winding [15] can be made as small as possible.

The 8th winding &116 of insulation transformer 1g' is transformer '18'
If the power supply 4 cannot be made too large or cannot be installed at all due to design or economical reasons, a separate power supply 17 having the same frequency as the power supply 4 may be connected in parallel to the secondary winding 16 to achieve the above purpose. It is also possible to accomplish this. In Figure 6, the 8th volume [16
and 1. A separate power supply 17 is connected in parallel to the secondary winding 15. 'd'',] However, as mentioned above, various connections are possible. From the above explanation, the insulating flange 1Ba in Figure 1
An example of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 is that no tube is required in any part of the load pipeline, but as shown in FIG. 5, the metal reactor 7,
It is a normal safety measure to ground the reaction raw materials 80, inlet 18, etc. all at once, and the windings of the secondary winding lb must be insulated from each other with a heat-resistant insulator, but pressure resistance is required. Currently, there are organic insulators that can withstand temperatures of 400°C, and inorganic insulators that can withstand temperatures of 1000°C.

The above describes nine cases in which the present invention is applied to an electrically heated reaction device.
Of course, it can also be applied to transportation (pipe lines).

That is, in FIG. 5, there is no reactor 7, so 9, 10, 41, etc. are not considered, and the inner and outer tubes 1.21! In this case, it is assumed that the pipeline is a high-temperature pipeline that transports IJ cum metal 8 (for example, a liquid).

The inner and outer tubes 1.2 form a reciprocating circuit, and the inner tube l heats and keeps liquid sodium metal together with the outer tube 2.
The wall thickness t2 is ~ the alternating current flowing through it 60, the skin depth S
If it is larger than 2 and several times or more, this load pipe (
Pipeline) is either outside of the outer pipe 2! ! There is no risk of electrical leakage even if it is grounded on a surface. In other words, the outer tube 2 is a skin current heating tube (published by the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan in 1978, Electrical Engineering Handbook 1).
(see page 678), since the current 6 flows only through the inner skin of the outer tube 2, there is no risk of electrical leakage from the outer tube 2 or danger to humans or animals, and at the same time, the liquid sodium metal 8 is removed from the inlet side 18. It is now possible to transport the outer tube 2 as well as the insulating 7 lunge to the distant outlet 115 (or vice versa) without needing to insulate it from the ground.

Of course, in such a case, a heat insulating layer is usually provided on the outside of the outer tube 2.

Also, when using the outer tube 20s DK electric wire as the return line for the current 6, both ends of this electric ash conduit must be connected at 18°5.Of course, the insulator 8 cannot be omitted. Furthermore, when the fluid to be heated 8 is a liquid metal such as liquid sodium metal or molten lead, the secondary winding 15 and the inner tube l can be made of a heat-resistant insulated tube such as a ceramic instead of a good conductor metal. In this case, the liquid metal itself becomes a conductor of the current 6, and the insulator 8 can be omitted, but the conductor 2 at the inlet 1118 and outlet side 5 of the fluid to be heated 8
It is necessary to electrically connect the conductive fluid to be heated 8 with a device equivalent to 19 and 19, and when the 8th best H16 or even the external power source 17 has a parallel power source, these terminals should be connected at appropriate points. Of course, it is necessary to electrically connect the fluid to be heated 8 with the fluid to be heated.

Just to be sure, if the fluid to be heated 8 is a metal donor,
In addition, when the secondary winding @ 15, the inner tube 1, etc. are made of metal, it must not be forgotten in terms of design that the current 6#-i and the heated fluid 8 may flow in a branched manner on the tube wall and generate heat.

As explained above, according to the present invention, not only insulating fluid but also
Even in the case of conductive liquid metal, it becomes possible to heat it and keep it warm or transport it through a pipe without requiring an insulating flange in any part of the flow path, and the present invention is extremely useful industrially.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional electrically heated reaction device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing various shapes of the load pipeline of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the present invention is applied to the electrically heated reaction device of FIG. 1. In these figures, the numbers represent: 1: Inner heat generating tube, 2: Outer heat generating tube, 8: Electrical insulator or gap for insulation, 4: AC power supply, 5: Airtight electrical connection between the inner and outer tubes, 6: Current flowing through the inner and outer tubes, 7: Reactor, 8
: Reaction raw material to be heated (fluid), 9: Reactor contents, 1
G, 11°12! Inlet for supplying raw materials to the reactor or outlet for reaction products, 18: Insulating flange, 1g' double insulation transformer, 14: Primary winding of 1B', 16 = 2 of 18' constituted by pipe Next winding, 16: Eighth winding at 18', 17: Another power source with the same frequency as power source 4, 18: Inlet (or outlet) of reactant 8, 19: Connection between outer tube 2 and 18, 2
o: Grounding outside of reactor 7 and 18ftI+, 21: Iron core. Patent applicant: Chisso Engineering Co., Ltd. 5 Figure 12

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) An isolation transformer consisting of a primary winding connected to an external AC power source and a secondary winding consisting of a conduit through which fluid is heated on the load side; A load pipe line through which the fluid passes, which is connected to the outlet (or inlet) side pipe end of the two pipe ends, and the other end of this load pipe and the two
Any part of the fluid flow path between the secondary winding and the load pipe, consisting of a means for electrically connecting the fluid inlet (or outlet) side pipe end of the pipe leading to the secondary winding. A layer-insulated 7-lunge fluid heating tube device that also does not require an insulated 7-lunge. (2) In the isolation transformer, which is composed of a primary winding connected to the external power source and a conduit through which a fluid heated on the load side passes, and is similar to a 92nd winding, an 8th winding is further added. The fluid heating tube device according to item (1), wherein is connected in parallel with the secondary winding. (3) In the isolation transformer, the insulation transformer has a primary winding connected to the external power source and a secondary winding composed of a conduit for passing fluid heated on the load side, which is the same as the external power source. The fluid heating tube device according to item (1), characterized in that a separate frequency power source is connected in parallel with the secondary seam. (4) In the isolation transformer, which consists of a primary winding connected to the external power supply and a secondary winding composed of a conduit through which fluid is heated on the load side, there is further an 8th winding. and a separate power source having the same frequency as the external power source are both connected in parallel with the secondary winding.
) The fluid heating tube device described in item 2. (5) If the load pipe is a double pipe, inside and outside, the fluid to be heated passes through the inner pipe, and the outer pipe has a wall thickness larger than the depth of the skin of the alternating current flowing through it, and the inner and outer pipes, the power supply The fluid heating tube device according to items (1) to 4), wherein the fluid heating tube device is electrically connected on the opposite side and is mutually insulated in other parts. (6) The liquid metal flowing in the pipe made of heat-resistant insulator serves as the secondary winding of the insulating transformer, and the liquid metal flows in the load pipe line so that the liquid metal itself also serves as a heating current path. Items (1) to (5) characterized by the fact that
) The fluid heating tube device described in item 2.