JPS58112809A - Slip preventive spike projected from tyre tread at low temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent damage to a road surface and blowing of dust by providing a shape memory coil spring made of alloy losing characteristics of spring at road surface freezing temperature and a Velleville spring having nonlinear relation between deformation and load with these springs in opposition to each other competitively and further providing a spike at the point of contact between two springs. CONSTITUTION:A Velleville spring 3 with its projected central part is inserted in an expanded part 2 of a case 1, while a movable spike 5 with a flange 4 is vertically provided and supported by means of a bush 6 made of rubber and the like. A shape memory coil spring 9 made of alloy which almost loses characteristics of a spring at around 0 deg.C is competitively provided face to face with a Velleville spring 3. Owing to this configuration, the coil spring recovers its memory at a high temperature and pushes the Velleville spring 3 to contain the movable spike 5 in the bush 6. At a freezing temperature, the Velleville spring 3 works due to loss of spring force of the coil spring 9 and the spike 5 is projected to start slip preventive function. The spike is withdrawn when unnecessary, thus preventing damage to the road surface.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Spiked tires, which have a large number of hard metal spikes driven into the tire contact surface, are most effective in preventing slips on frozen roads, but when the road surface is not frozen. and spikes that damage the road surface and increase road management costs.
The dust generated from the road surface causes serious problems such as air pollution, so the use of spiked tires is prohibited in some areas, and drivers and passengers are also prohibited from driving on unicy roads with spiked tires. Continuous driving between cold and slightly warm regions causes discomfort and is a problem for many companies. The present invention relates to anti-slip spikes to solve these difficult problems.When driving on a non-frozen road surface, the tire heats up and the spikes driven into it become considerably higher in temperature than the road surface. Therefore, on a frozen road, the road surface temperature may change if! Even if it is near OO, the temperature will be maintained at 060 due to the heat of fusion, and the generated water will improve the heat transfer between the tires and the road surface, and the spike humidity will also be 0''
Taking advantage of this fact that the temperature of the spike is expected to be maintained close to 0°C, the spike should protrude from the tire contact surface only when the spike temperature drops to near 0°C. Even if the ground pressure of the spikes is reduced to a fraction of that of normal spikes, the spikes will be able to catch on frozen roads (which can be expected to occur). , it is possible to greatly reduce the damage caused to the road surface during the transition period from a frozen road surface to a non-frozen road surface, as well as the wear on the tips of the spikes.In addition, if necessary, a liquid damper is built into the spikes, making it possible to reduce It is also possible by design to obtain ground contact pressure equivalent to that of spikes, and to keep the amount of spike protrusion constant even when the tire wears out.

Based on these layered ideas, the present invention attempts to provide an anti-slip spike that protrudes from the tire contact surface only at low temperatures. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings. FIG. 2 shows an @ side view of a conventional type of spike, and FIG.
A movable spike core with a flange ring 4 is installed vertically and supported by a bushing 6 made of rubber or plastic soft metal to form a guide 8 for the movable spike b. . Due to its temperature characteristics, it loses most of its resiliency at low temperatures.For example, a titanium-nickel alloy whose metal structure changes depending on the temperature, softens like rubber at low temperatures, and returns to its high-temperature shape as the temperature rises. A coil spring 9 made of a shape memory alloy is pressed against the disk spring 3, and if necessary, the coil spring 9 is internally held by a back 1ltlO.The embodiment shown in the third figure is made of a shape memory alloy at high temperatures. This shows a configuration in which the coil spring 9 restores the spring force and pushes the disk spring 3, and the movable spike 5 is housed in the bush 6.Although the embodiment shown in the fourth figure is not a requirement of the present invention, , a function of suppressing the sinking of the movable spike core when it is pressed against the road surface using the liquid damper 11;
Since we are trying to provide a function to keep the amount of protrusion of the movable spike 5 constant at low temperatures even when the tire wears out, we have added a weight to the countersunk 3 whose center protrudes inside the wisteria part 2 of the case l. A movable spike 5 is vertically mounted on a fret chuck 13 which fits into a diaphragm 12 with enough wear force to form a movable spike 5, and is supported by a bushing 6 made of rubber or plastic. A guide 8 is formed, and a coil spring 9 made of shape memory alloy is held by a sheet 14 to be internally held in the slot 1 and the collet chuck 1
3' [1 is configured so that the back jl OK is supported through the diaphragm 12, the collet chuck 13 is loosened, the movable spike 5 is pushed against the road surface, and Pl is positioned on the same plane as the tire tread. be.

A liquid 15I is sealed and injected into the case l by a flexible diaphragm 12 formed to cooperate with the dish spring S.
Ii movable spike 5, spring seat 14, collet chuck 13! i! When it is released, it flows through the small hole in the diaphragm 12 and provides resistance to the movement of the movable spike 5. Adjust the position and size of the small hole 12' appropriately.
For a short period of time when the spike touches the ground during running, the plate spring 3 can apply a much larger force to the protruding movable spike 5 than the force supporting it, while the movement of the movable spike 5 due to temperature changes is slow. , it is undesirable for that effect to be affected by this damping effect.

The operation of the movable spike 6 as described above will be explained using the diagram shown in Figure 0.6. Figure 6 shows the change in the spring load and the deflection of the coil spring, and Figure 6 shows the change in temperature and the protrusion of the movable spike. In the case of shape memory alloys, the relationship between the deflection load and the deflection of the coil spring changes greatly depending on the temperature, so temperature is shown as a parameter, and the plate that resists the shape memory alloy coil spring is In addition to the countersunk hinge having the non-S-shaped load-deflection characteristics required by the present invention, the case of a normal spring is also shown.
The equilibrium point at each temperature of the shape memory alloy coil spring shown in b and the nonlinear spring or normal spring is shown on the relationship diagram between temperature and the equilibrium point position, that is, the amount of spike protrusion. , as shown in the lower part of this figure, in the case of ordinary chickens, the spikes do not protrude sufficiently unless the temperature changes widely, whereas in the case of nonlinear chickens, the movable spikes suddenly protrude with a slight temperature drop. This clearly indicates the

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of a conventional spike, and Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which a coil spring made of a shape memory alloy absorbs most of the springing force at low temperatures. A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the movable spike protruding, Fig. 3 Shape memory alloy coil strip +1 at high temperatures
Figure 4 is a longitudinal side view of the state in which the movable spike is retracted and the spring recovers the springing force and pushes the disc. This shows an embodiment in which a sealed liquid is stored using a cooperating flexible diaphragm, and Figs. 1 and 6 are illustrations of the operation manual. 5I
11 is a movable spike, 8 is a guide, QFi coil spring, 10 is a back metal, 11 is a liquid damper, 12a is a diaphragm, and 13 is a collet chuck. Procedural amendments August 1, 1980, Director General of the Patent Office, Mr. Keiju Shimada l, Indication of the case, 1986 Patent Application No. 6, F No. 3, Person making the amendment Relationship with the case, Mr. Keiichi Shimada, 4, Agent Address: 1-6 Taka 16-6, Migenchagai, Sedeya-ku, Tokyo
Number of inventions increased by amendment tL7, subject of amendment
The correction on page 7 of the specification is to correct the phrase ``Hakkai'' in line 18 of page 1 of the specification to ``katsu.'' Correct it to J. 6. Change "Examples" from page 3, line 13 of the specification to "J" and change line 20, "Organization" to r*1ffi non-diffusion. In the East Specification, page 4, line 8, ``desu,'' is changed to ``desu.''
In the line "Damper 11J", insert "Damper", and select the first
In line 4, "ML spring 3j" is corrected to "plate spring 3 and this", and in line 16, "collet chuck 13" is corrected to "collet chuck 13 and this". The first line of page 5, ``Hold'', is changed to ``Hold at high temperatures,'' and the third line, ``ls'', is changed from [13 taper part or sea) 14 to be extracted. In addition, on pages 6 to 7, the phrase "by means of a fusible diaphragm 12 formed to cooperate with the plate spring 3" is changed to "further", and the phrase "deflecting" in line 9 is replaced with "further". "Move" and correct the 15th line [can be done] to ``can do.'' 6. Specification letter eTjL 1st line ``coil spring I
) Change in deflection" is changed to "relationship of deflection" and the second line says "change in deflection".
``Amount of protrusion'' has been changed to ``Amount of protrusion'' in the 8th and 9th lines. "Figure 5" and 12~
In line 13, the phrase "shown at the bottom of this figure" should be corrected to "shown at the bottom of this figure". Lines 6 to 9 “Figure 4 is 0
0108. ``Figure 4 shows the basic configuration shown in Figure 8 and Figure 3, with a liquid damper that increases the holding force of the movable spike between the legs, and a collet that makes the amount of protrusion of the movable spike constant.'' Indicates an example in which a chuck is additionally built in,'' and delete the 9 characters that say ``ll is a liquid damper'' in lines 12 and 13. 8 moe spy m! 1ytg 971w^hsu71satqte2
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Claims (1)

[Claims] A coil spring made of a shape memory alloy wire rod in which the relationship M between stress and strain changes widely near O@O and a countersunk spring whose relationship between deflection and load is non-S-shaped are installed in opposition. , Anti-slip spikes will be installed on the tire contact surface at the junction of both provinces, and the spikes will be protruded from the tire contact surface in response to a drop in temperature that is likely to cause the road surface to freeze, taking advantage of movement due to slight temperature changes. Anti-slip spikes that protrude from the tire contact surface at low temperatures.