JPH1193216A - Driver's cab in construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driver's cab in a construction machine which enlarges a visual field during working through a simple formation to improve working ability, and improves habitability and convenience during getting on and off to display better function. SOLUTION: A door 10 equipped with a flat face front window 3 which is composed in a mountain-shaped section from the front side of a driver's cab to a part of its outside is arranged in the front part of the driver's cab 1. An upper half part 10a of the door 10 is made longer than its lower half part 10b, and an opened part on the side of the driver's cab 1 is shaped to the door 10, and the door 10 is floated outward so as to avoid a support for supporting the curved side face end of the door at the time of its opening and closing and moved along the outside of the driver's cab and housed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a driver's cab of a construction machine having a swivel such as a power shovel, and more particularly, to widening a front view of a driver's seat.
The present invention relates to a driver's cab of a construction machine having a configuration that improves convenience by improving convenience at the time of getting on and off.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a driver's cab with a door used in construction machines such as power shovels is mounted on one side (mainly on the left side of a vehicle body) on a revolving base due to the structure of the machine. Since the boom is mounted on the side (substantially on the center line of the vehicle body), the driver's cab is provided with a doorway with a door that can get on and off from the outside (left side) of the installation side. This kind of cab is equipped with a bucket boom (or a jib in the case of a crane or the like) so as to fit within a turning radius on a swivel mounted with the bucket boom in order to ensure safety due to the nature of the machine. I have. In addition, in a power shovel or the like, a driver often leans out of a driver's cab and drives in order to check a work situation at a front position during work.

[0003] From these various situations, the operator's cab is generally subject to some restrictions, and it is difficult to provide a structure having sufficient space. Therefore, conventionally, there have been many proposals for improving the driving workability, the livability, the convenience of getting on and off the driver's cab, and the like.

For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-216936, a driver's cab having a
There is a door in which a quarter-arc door is slid in a horizontal arc to open and close, and the opening / closing trajectory of the door is set within a turning radius.
Further, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-79853, the shape of the front window is an integral window from the upper part to the lower part, the front part is flat, and the front part is flat from the front corner to the driver cab side. As a structure bent to make the part along the side, the front window can be opened and closed in the direction perpendicular to the front centering on the hinge pin provided on the right pillar, and after opening, it is slid and stored along the right side of the cab, There are some that allow the driver's cab to get on and off from the front in a narrow area.

In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-10061 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-34061, a door provided on the side of the driver's cab is formed in an arc shape, and can be opened and closed by sliding in a horizontal arc shape. There has been proposed a link mechanism structure capable of preventing damage due to interference between the door and an external object by making the opening / closing trajectory of the door fall within a turning radius, and also capable of rational opening / closing of the door. Further, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-24569,
With respect to the structure of the slide link mechanism of the laterally retractable door, a proposal has been made to increase the opening width at the side of the driver's cab to improve the getting on and off property.

[0006]

However, in the apparatus disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-216936, the front portion of the cab can be opened and closed, so that the convenience of getting on and off the cab is improved. However, on the other hand, the front window is curved, so that there is a problem that an object ahead looks distorted during normal driving, and visibility is impaired. Further, in Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 6-79853, since the opening and closing operation of the front window is opened and closed around the hinge pin, the opening and closing operation is performed by opening and closing around the hinge pin. It has to be performed by two operations of sliding to the right side of the cab in a state in which it is in a state of inconvenience, which is inconvenient. In addition, once opened, the driver's hand is far from the operating portion of the front window to close the window, making it difficult to operate and requiring a foothold.

Further, in the Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-10061 or Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-34061, a door is supported by a link mechanism, and when the door is opened and closed, the door rises to the side of the cab. Since the door is moved by the rotational displacement of the link, the opening cannot be enlarged. Further, in Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. Hei 5-24569, when the window is opened, the window (door) largely protrudes outward and projects outside the turning radius, so that when the door is opened and closed, the surrounding conditions are always checked. There are various problems, such as a need to confirm and inconvenience in handling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a simple structure to expand the field of view at the time of work without complicating the structure of the cab, thereby improving workability. It is an object of the present invention to provide a driver's cab in a construction machine that can improve livability and convenience at the time of getting on and off and exhibit better functions.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems and Action / Effect An operator's cab of the construction machine of the present invention, which has been made to achieve such an object, has a turntable on a traveling frame, and one side of the turntable on the turntable. In a construction machine having an operator's cab, a door is provided at the front of the operator's cab, the door having an overall front window formed in a cross-sectional shape from the front part of the operator's cab to a part of an outer surface thereof. The upper part has a longer horizontal length than the lower part, and the cab side is shaped to fit the door, and the door is raised so as to fend off a column supporting the curved side end, and It can be moved and stored along the side surface.

According to the present invention, an obstruction obstructing the field of view can be eliminated and the field of view of the front window can be widened by arranging the column provided on the front side of the driver's cab so as to retreat to a position substantially behind the outer surface. Moreover, since the main front portion can be kept flat, the field of view does not look distorted, and the workability is remarkably improved. Further, even if the door is largely moved, the opening / closing operation can be easily performed without depending on an unreasonable posture, and there is an advantage that the door opening / closing operability is remarkably improved. Needless to say, since a wide opening can be secured at the front of the driver's cab, the space as the entrance is effective as it is, and it is easy to get on and off in narrow terrain as well as in the usual way. In addition, since only the upper part of the door in the opening direction is longer than the lower part, there is no advantage that the lower part of the door does not sneak to the rear of the cab when slid backward, and does not hinder the downsizing of the swivel mount. Have.

It is preferable that a door handle is provided inside the upper portion of the door at a position corresponding to the cutout on the upper side of the cab when the door is retracted. By doing so, it is possible to ensure the operability that the driver can easily open and close the door that has moved greatly backward while sitting in the cockpit.

In the door according to the present invention, a folding door which is folded inward at the time of storage is attached to a lower portion which is shorter than the length of the upper portion, and an opening / closing link mechanism for the door mainly including the folding door is provided. It is preferable to adopt a configuration in which a hinge is used so as to serve also. By doing so, the opening and closing structure of the door is simplified, and when the door is opened, contact with the door and other devices or members located at the rear of the cab is avoided to save the space of the swivel. Reasonably widen the opening without hindering downsizing,
This has the effect of expanding the working field of view.

Further, it is preferable that the folding door attached to the door has a window. By doing so, the field of view at the skirt of the door can be widened, and an effect of easily confirming the situation of the foot that tends to be a blind spot at the time of work can be obtained. In addition, since the folding door also serves as a link mechanism when opening and closing the main door as described above, a large door is supported over a wide range from the lower portion to the middle portion when opening and closing the door. It is responsible for the moving operation, and has the advantage that the door can be opened and closed in a stable state even if the door is heavy in weight.

[0014]

Next, a specific embodiment of a cab of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire exterior of a cab of a construction machine according to this embodiment. In this figure, an operator's cab 1 is offset from a center line on a revolving base of a construction machine (in this example, a power shovel having a known structure, but the structure of the machine is not shown), and the turning is performed. It is installed to be within the turning radius of the table. The operator's cab 1 is formed by integrally combining four front and rear pillars with a side wall, a ceiling, and a bottom connecting the four pillars, flattening a side surface on a boom side of the machine, and using other curved surfaces as required. It is shaped like a wall.

The more specific shape of the cab 1 is shown in FIG.
(A), (b), shown by FIGS. 3 and 4.
The front window 3 of the driver's cab 1 is viewed from the driver's seat 2 (hereinafter, the direction will be described as viewed from the driver's seat 2). Between the front pillar 5 (support) provided at a position slightly lowered to the side,
The front and front sides are partially integrated, and a single glass plate 11 having a flat cross section including a curved portion of the front and front sides is formed into a metal frame 12. The door 10 has a movable structure that is surrounded by the door.

The more specific shape of the door 10 is shown in FIG.
As shown by the upper half 10a, the upper half 10a is formed longer on the front side surface than the lower half 10b.
An auxiliary door 30 is provided on the lower half 10b of the portion where Oa is longer, and is connected to the folding structure by a hinge 33 in a folded structure. The door 10 can be moved after the auxiliary door 30 is folded by a link mechanism 25 attached to the side opposite to the connection side of the auxiliary door 30, so that the ceiling and bottom of the driver's cab 1 can be moved. The door is guided by rails provided at the outer edge and can be opened and closed. The height dimension of the upper half 10a of the door 10 is set so as not to come into contact with equipment (not shown) arranged at the rear of the cab 1 when the door 10 is opened. It is preferable that the opening / closing operation of the door 10 is set in a range where the opening / closing operation is easy.

The cab 1 is provided with a door 1 constituting the front window 3.
The front pillar 5 and the side pillar 4 to which the “0” is attached are formed so as to be fully opened to form a wide opening A, and all other side faces are formed integrally with the frame. A window 6 is provided on the side surface (left side surface), and a skylight 8 is provided on the ceiling 7 so that the field of view other than the front window 3 can be confirmed (see FIG. 1). In addition, the skylight 8 does not need to be provided as needed.

Next, the door 1 constituting the main body of the front window 3
Reference numeral 0 denotes a single glass plate 11 having a flat cross-section, as described above, integrated with a metal frame 12 so as to surround the outer periphery, and an upper guide roller is provided at the upper right position of the frame 12. 15 is attached via a bracket 14, and a lower guide roller 16 composed of a vertical roller 16 'rotating on a vertical axis and a horizontal roller 16 "rotating on a horizontal axis is provided at a lower right position of the frame body 12 to form the bracket. Attached through.

As described above, the glass plate 11 forming the front window 3 has the upper half 10 at the front side.
Since the lower half portion 10b is formed to be shorter than "a", a so-called notched state is exhibited. Therefore, the upper and lower boundary portions are preferably formed in an arc shape as shown in FIG. An opening / closing tab 18 is attached to an inner end of the upper right portion of the front of the door 10. By doing so, the door 10 can be opened and closed while the operator in the driver's seat 2 is sitting. In addition, on the front side of the door 10, opening / closing tabs 18 '(under the right end of the door) and 18a (below the left end of the door) are provided within the reach of the ground so that the door 10 can be opened and closed from the outside at both ends. ing.

An auxiliary door 30 is attached to the lower half of the front side of the door 10 so that its front end can be folded only inward by a hinge 33.
The auxiliary door 30 is provided with a window in which a glass plate 31 is attached to a frame 32 by a known means, and a center guide roller 17 is provided on an upper side on a side opposite to the attachment side by the hinge 33. Installed.
The auxiliary door 30 may not be provided with a window.

In order to guide the door 10 having the above-described structure, the driver's cab 1 is directed downward at the eaves above the driver's cab 1 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5A. The upper rail 20 of the opening is drawn inward at the right end, and the other is provided to the left side in a shape substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the door 10. The upper rail 20 is provided with the upper guide roller 15 of the door 10. Are engaged.

FIGS. 3 and 5B show the lower part of the cab 1.
As shown in the figure, a slit 21a is provided on the outer side of the floor portion 9, and the guide groove 21 'opening downward and the front side facing downwardly so as to follow the same locus as the upper rail 20 along the upper and lower sides of the slit 21a. A lower rail 21 is provided in combination with an open guide 21 ", and the lower guide roller 16 (horizontal roller 16" and vertical roller 16 ') of the door 10 is engaged with the lower rail 21. ,
The front end of the door 10 is vertically guided and supported.

In the middle part on the left side of the cab 1,
As shown in FIG. 5C, a lower half of the opening 2 is provided on the outer surface so that the lower half thereof is parallel to the upper rail 20 and the lower rail 21, and has a downward recess 23 ′.
A center guide rail 23 having 3 ″ is provided along the side surface, and the center guide roller 17 is attached to the center guide rail 23 so that the center guide roller 23 is turned by a swinging mechanism 25 attached to the upper side end of the auxiliary door 30. Are engaged to guide and support the rear portion of the door 10 via the auxiliary door 30.

As shown in FIG. 6, the swing mechanism 25 and the center guide roller 17 are provided with a bracket 26 for attaching the swing mechanism 25 to the inner surface of the upper end of the auxiliary door 30.
The swing metal fitting 27 is supported by a support pin 28, and the swing metal fitting 27 is attached by the support pin 28 so as to be rotatable approximately 180 ° horizontally. The swing metal fitting 27 is configured such that the center guide roller 17 can be kept engaged with the end of the center guide rail 23 when the door 10 closes the opening A of the cab 1. Such a swing metal fitting 27 has horizontal guide rollers 17 ', 17' which can be rotated horizontally on two vertical axes, and a horizontal guide roller 17 ', 17' located between these horizontal guide rollers 17 ', 17'. A center guide roller 17 composed of a rolling roller 17 "that rotates to support a load is attached. A swing metal fitting 27 that supports the center guide roller 17 is provided with a support between the bracket 26 and the bracket 26. A torsion spring 29 is attached to the pin 28 and is always urged in the direction of the arrow P.

At an appropriate position of the front window 3 of the door 10 (in the embodiment, above the pull 18 '), a sweeper 19 for wiping the window is attached. Although illustration is omitted, a seal packing for a fitting portion with the cab frame is attached to the frame 12 of the door 10,
Watertightness can be secured when the door is closed. In addition,
Although not shown, a lock device having a well-known structure is attached to an appropriate position of the door 10 and the cab frame.

The operator's cab 1 of the present embodiment thus configured
Is mounted on a swivel base in the same manner as that of a conventional construction machine. Although not shown, various devices and control sticks for driving are arranged inside the driver's cab 1 at the front of the driver's seat 2 and other places suitable for driving.

In the driving state, as described above, the front surface of the driver's seat 2, that is, the front window 3, is closed with the door 10 as shown in FIG. At 11, the front view is widened and there is no obstacle such as distortion. In addition, since the front pillar 5 is located behind the corner between the front surface and the front side surface, the field of view can be more effectively expanded. Further, on the front side surface of the door 10, an auxiliary door 30 is provided so as to be connected to the lower half portion 10b, and a window is provided in this portion. You can do it, and you can further expand your field of view.

In order to open and close the door 10, first open it.
When the door lock device is released and the door 10 is moved in the opening direction by the opening / closing handle 18 or the handle 18 ', the upper guide roller 15 and the lower guide roller 16 attached to the door 10 correspond to the upper rail 20 and the lower rail respectively. 21 along the door closing position (FIG. 2 (b)
7), the door 10 is displaced so as to protrude forward as shown by a position B in FIG. At the same time, the auxiliary door 30 connected to the rear portion of the door 10 is displaced together at the hinge 33 to which the auxiliary door 30 is connected. At this time, even if a thrust acts on the center guide roller 17 attached to the auxiliary door 30, the auxiliary door 30 is still in a stationary state, and the auxiliary door 30 directly connected by the hinge 33 is first displaced by the hinge 33 to be displaced. Only the body is pushed forward and protrudes.

In this state, if the door 10 is moved in the opening direction, the connecting portion (hinge 33) with the auxiliary door 30 is displaced as shown by a solid line in FIG. The auxiliary door 30 is folded inside the door 10 by being rotationally displaced. During this time, the center guide roller 1
Reference numeral 7 denotes a swinging metal fitting 27 supporting the center guide roller 17 and a torsion spring 2 with respect to a supporting pin 28.
9 against the action force of the center guide rail 23, and is in a state of being stretched against the center guide rail 23. When the balance of the stretch of the center guide roller 17 is eventually lost, it is attached to the auxiliary door 30 of the swing mechanism 25. As shown in FIG. 7 (b), the pivotal fitting 27 is rotated and inverted with respect to the connecting pin 28 between the bracket 26 and the pivoting fitting 27, so that the auxiliary door 30 is folded as shown in FIG. Will move along.

Therefore, if the door 10 is moved laterally as it is, the front end of the door 10 is guided by the upper rail 20 and the lower rail 21, and the center guide roller 17 follows the center guide rail 23 at the rear, and is guided. As shown in FIG. 7C, it can be moved along the side surface of the cab 1. In this state, the door 10
In the rear part, the lower half 10b is shorter than the upper half 10a as described above, and the connected auxiliary door 30 is folded inward, so that substantially only the upper half 10a of the door 10 is large. Even if the door 10 is moved to the rear side of the driver's cab 1, the door 10 can be opened to the maximum without contacting the equipment on the swivel table located behind the cab 1.

In this embodiment, the door 10 can be opened and moved at once from the front side to the left side of the cab 1 by only sliding the door 10 horizontally.
The front of the driver's seat 2 is opened by opening
A wide space can be secured as shown by. Therefore, even if the user leans forward in the cab and performs the operation of confirming the forward operation, the operation can be performed with a sufficient margin. In addition, a wide opening is formed as an entrance into and out of the driver's cab 1, so that entry / exit becomes easy.

Next, when the door 10 is closed, the door 10 and the auxiliary door 30, the center guide roller 17 and the swing mechanism 25 are operated by the reverse operation of the opening operation, and the door 10 is easily and in front of the driver's seat 2. The opening A of the part can be closed. In particular, even when the door 10 is fully opened, the front side of the cab 1 has a structure that opens greatly rearward, so that the opening / closing handle 18 provided inside the front end of the door 10 is provided. Can be operated from the driver's seat 2 and the operator can easily close the door 10 while sitting. Further, since the door 10 has a structure in which the door 10 is temporarily raised forward and then moved without directly sliding when opening and closing, the watertightness in the closed state is effective. Further, since the auxiliary door 30 is configured to be used for the link operation, there is an advantage that the opening and closing operation of the door 10 can be performed with a small force.

In the embodiment described above, an auxiliary door is added to the door of the operator's cab 1. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the door 10A may have no auxiliary door. it can. This door 10A has basically the same structure as the above-described door 10. Therefore, the upper half 10c on the left side is formed to be longer than the lower half 10d, and the boundary between the upper half 10c and the lower half 10d has a shape that draws an appropriate arc as shown in the figure. Has been.

The opening of the cab 1 has a shape corresponding to that of the door 10A having the above-mentioned shape, and the support pillars at the front side are bent as necessary according to the shape of the rear part of the door 10A. Can also be used. Like the door 10 in the above-described embodiment, in order to open the door so as to protrude when the door is opened, the illustration is omitted above and below the opening A of the cab 1. The upper rail and the lower rail are provided similarly to
The upper guide roller is located at the upper right position of the frame of A, and the lower guide roller is located at the lower right position of the frame of the door 10A.
Each of the guide rollers is provided in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and each guide roller is engaged with the corresponding rail.

A center guide rail is provided on the side surface of the driver's cab 1 toward the rear. The center guide rail has a link mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the swing mechanism) attached to the inner rear end of the side surface of the door 10. A center guide roller provided via a corresponding (corresponding) is engaged, and the center guide roller supports the rear portion of the door 10A to share the load at the time of opening and closing. The center guide rail, the center guide roller, and the link mechanism have the same structure as that in the above-described embodiment. Therefore, description of these structures is omitted.

The opening / closing operation of the door 10A in the cab 1 configured as described above is almost the same as that of the above-described embodiment.
When the guide roller is guided by the upper and lower rails and the door 10A is lifted forward, and simultaneously the thrust acts on the center guide roller, the link mechanism supporting the center guide roller rotates at the joint as described above. Door 10A
Raise the rear of the front greatly. Next, the link mechanism is rotationally displaced, and the center guide roller moves as it is guided by the center guide rail.
Is fully opened, the upper half 10c of the door 10A
Can move to the rear of the driver's cab 1 and can be opened without contacting the equipment installed behind.

In order to close the door 10A, the upper portion of the front side portion of the cab 1 is notched rearward, so that even if the door 10A is fully opened, the door 10A is closed.
The open / close handle attached to the inner end of the door is located in the opening (rear notch) without hiding. If the open / close handle is operated and slid in the closing direction, the reverse of opening The door can be easily closed by the operation described above.

In the door 10A having such a structure,
The opening of the cab can be enlarged, and the field of view of the front window can be widened to improve workability. Further, when the door is largely moved and the door is opened, it is possible to avoid the contact between the door and the equipment installed behind the cab, so that the installation of the equipment on the swivel base can be made compact.

The auxiliary door in this embodiment corresponds to the folding door of the present invention, the upper half of the door corresponds to the upper part, and the lower half of the door corresponds to the lower part.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire exterior of a cab of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of the cab shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A shows a state where a door is opened, and FIG. 2B shows a main part when the door is closed. I have.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of door guide rails in a cab.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway overall perspective view of a door.

5A and 5B are cross-sectional views illustrating aspects of a guide rail of each part in FIG. 3, wherein FIG.
FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a cross section of a lower rail, and FIG. 3C is a diagram illustrating a cross section of a center guide rail, with a guide roller engaged with each of them.

FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of an auxiliary door, an attached center guide roller, and a swing mechanism thereof.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a mode of displacement when the door is opened, wherein FIG. 7A shows the initial state of the opening state, FIG. 7B shows the middle of the opening state, and FIG. , Respectively.

FIG. 8 is an overall perspective view illustrating an appearance of a cab with a door opened.

FIG. 9 is a side view of another embodiment of the cab according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Operator's cab 2 Driver's seat 3 Front window 4 Right side pillar (post) 5 Left front pillar (post) 10, 10A door 10a, 10c Upper half of door 10b, 10d Lower half of door 11 Glass plate 12 Door 15 Upper guide roller 16 Lower guide roller 17 Center guide roller 18 Opening / closing handle 20 Upper rail 21 Lower rail 23 Center guide rail 25 Swing mechanism supporting center guide roller 26 Bracket for mounting swing mechanism 27 Swing Fitting 28 Support pin 30 Auxiliary door 33 Hinge A Driver's cab opening

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A construction machine having a swivel base on a traveling frame and a driver's cab mounted on one side of the swivel base. A door having a front window which is formed in a U-shape in cross section is arranged, and the horizontal length of the upper portion is longer than that of the lower portion, and the cab side is shaped to match the door, An operator's cab in a construction machine, wherein the door is raised so as to fend off a column supporting an end of the curved side surface and can be moved and stored along an outer surface of the operator's cab. 2. The cab of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein a door handle is provided inside the upper portion of the door at a position corresponding to a cutout portion on the cab side upper portion when the door is retracted. 3. The door is provided with a folding door which is folded inward at the time of storage at a lower portion which is shorter than the length of the upper portion, and the folding door also functions as an opening / closing link mechanism for the main door. The cab of the construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the cab is connected by a hinge. 4. The cab of a construction machine according to claim 3, wherein the folding door has a window.