JPH1175547A - Apparatus for improving soil condition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for improving soil conditions capable of automatically and continuously carrying out operations ranging from the measurement of the soil conditions to soil improvement at a time and improving the labor saving and operating efficiency by providing a means for mixing collected soil with a soil conditioner and returning the resultant mixture to the ground surface or the like. SOLUTION: This apparatus 1 for improving soil conditions is obtained by installing a soil sampling means for digging soil with soil cutting and rotating teeth 7a to 7c, collecting the soil and charging the collected soil into hoppers 9a to 9c with conveyors 8a to 8c, a device for measuring the soil conditions capable of measuring the soil conditions of the soil collected with the soil sampling means, a soil conditioner feeder capable of feeding a soil conditioner according to the measured soil conditions and a means for mixing the soil collected by the soil sampling means with the soil conditioner fed by the soil conditioner feeder and returning the resultant mixture from discharge ducts 10a to 10c to the ground surface. The apparatus 1 for improving the soil conditions is further preferably equipped with a mobile means capable of running on the ground surface.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a soil condition improving device. More specifically, it relates to a device for mixing soil conditioners (soil, organic fertilizer, compost, etc.) based on soil measurement data in order to measure the condition of the soil and make it the optimum soil condition for cultivation. .

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In order to produce good quality crops,
It is necessary that the soil components are balanced and the soil is in good condition. For this reason, conventionally, the condition of the soil (soil components, excess or deficiency thereof, etc.) has been measured, and when the condition of the soil is poor, the necessary fertilizer has been applied to improve the soil.

In such a case, conventionally, a soil sample is extracted manually and brought to an analysis center to consign the soil analysis. The analysis center analyzes the entrusted soil in batches and passes the analysis data to the client at a later date. Those who receive the analysis data apply the required amount of fertilizer based on the analysis data, and improve the soil by mixing appropriate soil.

[0004]

However, in such a method for soil improvement, there are many parts which are manually operated,
In addition, since each operation has to be performed in a timely manner, it is inefficient and troublesome. In addition, in such a method, since a considerable time has passed between the time when the soil is measured and the time when the soil is improved, the fertilizer components and the like contained in the soil change due to rainfall or the like. Therefore, there is a problem that the component value contained in the soil on the day when the soil is improved and the measurement data are different, and the data of the soil measurement is not sufficiently utilized.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to continuously perform operations from measurement of soil conditions to soil improvement at once and automatically. It is an object of the present invention to provide a soil condition improving device that can be operated.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The soil condition improving apparatus according to claim 1 is
Soil sampling means for digging the ground to collect the soil, a soil condition measuring device for measuring the condition of the soil sampled by the soil sampling device, and a soil according to the condition of the soil measured by the soil condition measuring device A soil conditioner supply device for supplying the conditioner, and a unit for mixing the soil collected by the soil sampling means and the soil conditioner supplied by the soil conditioner supply device and returning the mixture to the ground. I have.

According to the soil condition improving apparatus of the first aspect, operations such as excavation / collection of soil, measurement of soil condition, and soil improvement (supply of an appropriate soil conditioner and backfilling to the original ground) are automated. Therefore, it is possible to mechanize the soil improvement work, which has previously relied on manual work, and to save labor.

In addition, since the operations from excavation / collection of soil to measurement of soil condition and soil improvement (supply of an appropriate soil conditioner and backfilling to the original ground) can be performed continuously or at once. In addition, the efficiency of soil improvement work is improved. In addition, since there is no time lag between the measurement of the soil state and the supply of the soil conditioner as in the related art, appropriate soil improvement can be performed by utilizing the data of the soil measurement.

A soil condition improving apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a soil sampling means for excavating the ground to collect soil at different depths, and a soil condition at each depth sampled by the soil sampling means. A soil condition measuring device for measuring, a soil conditioner supplying device for supplying a soil conditioner according to the state of the soil at each depth measured by the soil condition measuring device to the soil at each depth, and the soil sampling means Means for mixing the soil collected at each depth with the soil conditioner supplied by the soil conditioner feeder and returning the soil to the original depth of the ground.

[0010] In the soil condition improving apparatus according to the second aspect, the soil condition of soil collected from different depths is measured, and an appropriate soil conditioner is mixed at each depth to remove each soil. Since it is backfilled to the original depth, even when the soil condition varies depending on the depth, soil improvement according to the soil condition at each depth can be performed, and the soil condition can be precisely improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the soil condition improving apparatus according to the first or second aspect further includes a traveling means capable of traveling on the ground surface. It should be noted that an example of the traveling means includes the wheels 4 in FIG. 1 described later. These traveling means may be provided with a drive unit for self-propelling, or may be in a form towed by another vehicle or the like.

In this embodiment, since the soil condition improving device can run, the soil condition can be continuously measured at regular intervals or at regular intervals by traveling while sampling the soil with the soil sampling means. Sampling and improvement.

[0013]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a soil condition improving apparatus 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The soil condition improving apparatus 1 is provided with wheels 4 on the lower surface of the exterior body 3,
The condition of the soil is measured while moving in the field by being pulled by the tractor 2, and the soil is immediately improved on the spot based on the measured data.

FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are a side view and a partially broken plan view showing the internal structure (inside the exterior frame 3) of the soil condition improving apparatus 1. FIG. An arm 6 extends forward from a device main body 5 installed in the exterior skeleton 3. The arm 6 has relatively small soil cutting rotary teeth 7a sequentially from the front and medium soil cutting. The rotary teeth 7b and the soil cutting rotary teeth 7c having a relatively large diameter are rotatably supported by shafts, respectively. The lower edge of each of the soil cutting rotary teeth 7a to 7c protrudes below the lower surface of the wheel 4, the small soil cutting rotary tooth 7a bites into a relatively shallow position on the ground, and the large soil cutting rotary tooth 7c Biting into a relatively deep position on the ground, the medium soil rotary teeth 7b bite into a medium depth. Soil cutting rotary teeth 7a ~
7b rotates by biting into the soil,
The soil is scraped off on the outer peripheral surface, and it rotates while holding the soil on the outer peripheral surface. Each soil cutting rotary tooth 7a-7
c is rotated at a constant speed by the power motors 6a to 6c.

On the upper surface of the apparatus main body 5, three hoppers 9a, 9b, 9c are set up, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the soil cutting rotary teeth 7a-7c and the corresponding hoppers 9a-9c.
Between them, belt conveyors 8a, 8b, 8c are provided.

However, in order to excavate the ground and collect soil at different depths, first, a small soil cutting rotary tooth 7a is rotated to excavate a shallow layer of the ground, and the excavated shallow soil is belted. The sample is transferred to the conveyor 8a and put into the hopper 9a to sample a shallow soil layer. Then, the soil condition improving apparatus 1 is slightly advanced by being pulled by the tractor 2, and the medium soil cutting rotary tooth 7b is moved to a shallowly dug area. In this state, the medium soil cutting rotary teeth 7b are rotated to excavate a medium layer of the ground, and the excavated medium layer soil is transferred to the belt conveyor 8b and put into the hopper 9b. Sample the soil in the layer. Next, the soil condition improving apparatus 1 is slightly advanced by being pulled by the tractor 2, and the large soil cutting rotary tooth 7c is moved to a medium dug area. In this state, the large soil cutting rotary teeth 7c are rotated to excavate the deep layer of the ground, and the excavated deep layer soil is transferred to the belt conveyor 8c and put into the hopper 9c to sample the deep layer soil.

As shown in FIG. 3, the same number of soil treatment apparatuses 11a, 11b, 11c as the number of soil cutting rotary teeth 7a to 7c are installed in the apparatus main body 5. The soil treatment devices 11a to 11c measure the state of the sampled soil, supply a necessary amount of the required soil improver based on the measurement result, and mix and discharge the soil and the soil improver. These soil treatment apparatuses 11a to 11c are controlled by the data processing apparatus 12 by transmitting and receiving signals to and from the data processing apparatus 12.

On the upper surface of the soil treatment devices 11a to 11c,
Since each of the hoppers 9a to 9c is provided, the soil treatment device 11a processes the shallow layer of soil and discharges the soil from the discharge duct 10a, and the soil treatment device 11b processes the medium layer of soil and discharges the soil. The soil is discharged from the duct 10b, and the soil treatment device 11c processes the deep layer of soil to discharge the soil.
0c, the soil is discharged from these soil treatment devices 11
Since a to 11c are the same in structure and treatment only in the layer of soil to be treated, only the soil treatment device 11a will be described in detail.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the soil treatment device 11a in detail. A soil component analyzer (soil condition measuring device) 13 analyzes the components of the soil fed from the hopper 9a. The soil component analyzer 13 may be of any type. For example, there is an optical type that analyzes the components of the soil using a scattered reflection spectrum (absorption spectrum) of measurement light applied to the soil. When the soil is supplied from the hopper 9a, the soil component analyzer 13 analyzes the components of the soil and sends the measured data to the data processor 12. Next, the soil is weighed by the scale 14, and the weight data is also sent to the data processing device 12. Data processing device 12
Determines the type and amount of the necessary soil conditioner based on the measurement data from the soil component analyzer 13 and the weight of the soil.

The improver storage containers 16, 18, and 20 contain soil improvers considered necessary in advance. Examples of soil improvers include nitrogen, phosphoric acid, organic fertilizers such as potassium, compost, carbon, and soil for soil improvement.
Anything that is needed can be used. When the data processing device 12 determines the required amounts of these various soil conditioners, the data processing device 12 transmits a signal to each of the measuring devices 17, 19, and 21 to transmit the signals to each of the measuring devices 1.
In steps 7, 19 and 21, the required amount of each soil conditioner is measured.

The weighed soil and weighing devices 17, 19, 2
The required amount of each soil conditioner measured in 1 is put into a mixer and mixed and stirred in the mixer. When the soil and the soil conditioner are mixed in this manner, the soil and the soil improver are discharged from the discharge duct 10a according to a discharge signal from the data processing device 12.

In the other soil treatment apparatuses 11b and 11c, the required amount of the soil conditioner is similarly mixed in the soil, and the soil thus modified is buried in the layer of the original depth. That is, when the soil condition improving apparatus 1 is advanced to position the discharge duct 10c at the excavation position of the soil, the deep layer of soil is buried from the discharge duct 10c. Then, the soil condition improving device 1 is moved forward to position the discharge duct 10b at the excavation position of the soil, the middle layer of soil is backfilled from the discharge duct 10b, and the soil condition improving device 1 is further moved forward to discharge the dust duct 10a. Comes to the soil excavation position, backfills the shallow layer of soil from the discharge duct 10a. As a result, the modified soil is buried back to the original depth, and the soil can be improved precisely at each depth.

Here, the ground is divided into three layers and the soil is improved for each layer. However, the soil may be individually improved for three or more layers. Of course, only one layer may be used.

Further, in FIG. 4, the measuring devices are individually shown for the sake of simplicity of description, but these may be shared by one measuring device. Further, the soil component analyzer, mixer, improver storage container, and the like are individually provided in each soil treatment device, but they may be shared as appropriate.

Although not shown, in order to sample soils having different depths, for example, a plurality of soil cutting rotary teeth are not used as in the above-described embodiment, but are disposed along a radial direction on a side surface of a rotary plate, for example. It is also possible to carry out at once with a plurality of scraping units.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a soil condition improving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state where it is being towed by a tractor.

FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are a side view and a partially broken plan view showing an internal structure of the soil condition improving apparatus of the above.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the overall configuration of the soil condition improving apparatus according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of one soil treatment device of the above soil condition improving device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 7a to 7c Soil cutting rotary teeth 8a to 8c Belt conveyor 9a to 9c Hopper 10a to 10c Discharge duct 12 Data processing device 13 Soil component analyzer 15 Mixer 16, 18, 20 Improvement agent storage container

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A soil sampling means for excavating the ground to collect soil, a soil condition measuring device for measuring a condition of the soil sampled by the soil sampling device, and a soil condition measuring device for measuring the soil condition measured by the soil condition measuring device. A soil conditioner supply device that supplies a soil conditioner according to a state; and a unit that mixes the soil collected by the soil sampling unit with the soil conditioner supplied by the soil conditioner supply device and returns the soil to the ground. Soil condition improvement device. 2. A soil sampling means for excavating the ground to collect soil at different depths; a soil condition measuring device for measuring a state of the soil at each depth collected by the soil sampling means; A soil conditioner supply device that supplies a soil conditioner according to the state of the soil at each depth measured by the state measurement device to the soil at each depth, and the soil at each depth collected by the soil sampling means. Means for mixing the soil conditioner supplied by the soil conditioner supply device and returning the soil conditioner to the original depth of the ground. 3. The soil condition improving device according to claim 1, further comprising a traveling means capable of traveling on the ground surface.