JPH1162051A - Fire resistant building material and panel for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify site work by including a plate-shaped fire resistant layer with fire resistant performance, and a plaster layer formed on the fire resistant layer, and integrally-forming the fire resistant layer and the plaster layer previously. SOLUTION: A fire resistant building material 10 is formed by overlapping a plaster layer 14 on a plate-shaped fire resistant layer 12 to integrate both of them, and in the fire resistant layer 12, the cement mixed with inorganic fiber material consisting of ceramic fiber, glass fiber, or the like is formed into a plate shape. The plaster layer 14 is formed by applying plaster with the thickness of approx. 0.1 mm uniformly on the fire resistant layer 12, and the plaster layer 14 and the fire resistant layer 12 are integrated easily without adhesive because the plaster itself has an adhesive strength. The plaster layer 14 serves as surface facing, therefore, the plaster layer 14 is fitted to face interior side, so that a finishing process, such as wall paper affixed to a construction site is eliminated. It is thus possible to simplify construction site work, and obtain the fire resistant building material which is tender against the environment or a human body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire-resistant building material and a building panel which can simplify work at a construction site and are friendly to the environment and the human body.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART The inner walls and ceilings of buildings are formed by attaching fireproof building materials such as gypsum boards and pasting wallpaper for finishing. The work of attaching the fire-resistant building material and the work of attaching the wallpaper were both performed at the construction site.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, since there are always two stages of work on the construction site, the work on the site is complicated. Further, since a large amount of swarf and the like of the wallpaper is generated, the processing thereof becomes a problem. Furthermore, volatile substances, such as formalin, contained in the adhesive for sticking the wallpaper, may evaporate through the wallpaper immediately after the completion of the building or in summer or the like, generating an unpleasant irritating odor indoors.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant building material and a building panel which can simplify work at a construction site and are friendly to the environment and the human body. It is in.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 includes a plate-like fireproof layer having fireproof performance, and a stucco layer formed on the fireproof layer,
The refractory layer and the plaster layer are formed integrally in advance.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the fire-resistant building material is formed by previously integrating the fire-resistant layer and the plaster layer, the work at the construction site can be simplified, and the environment and the human body can be reduced. A gentle fire-resistant building material can be obtained.

That is, since the stucco layer plays a role of a finishing material, the use of the stucco layer in a face-up manner can omit a finishing material attaching operation at a building construction site. In addition, the amount of on-site waste can be reduced due to the omission of on-site work.

Further, since the plaster itself has an adhesive force, it is not necessary to use an adhesive when integrating the fireproof layer and the plaster layer. Stucco does not contain volatile substances that emit a pungent odor. Therefore, no unpleasant irritating odor is generated immediately after the completion of the building or in summer. This is particularly effective when used indoors.

Further, plaster has the property of absorbing moisture when humidity is high and releasing moisture when humidity is low. For this reason, by attaching the stucco layer toward the indoor side, the humidity of the room is controlled by the stucco layer. Therefore, a comfortable living space with little change in humidity and temperature can be realized without using an air-conditioning machine, and environmental protection by energy saving and saving of electricity bills can be achieved.

[0010] And since plaster also has fire resistance,
A fire-resistant building material capable of realizing reliable fire resistance can be obtained.

The configuration of the refractory layer is not particularly limited as long as it has the refractory performance. For example, various materials conventionally used as fire-resistant building materials, such as gypsum board, inorganic fiber board, cement board, etc., can be used.

[0012] The plaster forming the plaster layer may have a known structure.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the refractory building material according to the first aspect, the refractory layer is formed to include an inorganic fiber material.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed including the inorganic fiber material, the refractory layer becomes sticky. As a result, the strength of the fire-resistant building material is increased, so that a fire-resistant building material capable of bearing the structural strength can be obtained.

Further, since the material contained in the refractory layer is an inorganic fiber material, the refractory performance of the refractory layer is maintained.

The type of the inorganic fiber material is not particularly limited, and asbestos, mineral wool, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, etc.
Various inorganic fiber materials may be used.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the refractory building material according to the second aspect, the refractory layer is made of cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed of cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material, a refractory building material capable of bearing structural strength can be realized simply and inexpensively.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an architectural panel in which a plurality of pieces are joined to form a building frame, the article including a fire-resistant building material previously attached to at least one panel surface,
The fire-resistant building material is characterized in that a plate-shaped fire-resistant layer having fire resistance and a stucco layer formed on this fire-resistant layer are integrally formed in advance, and are attached with the stucco layer facing up. And

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a fire-resistant building material having a fire-resistant layer and a stucco layer on a panel surface of a building panel comprises:
Since the stucco layer is attached in a face-up state, it is excellent in fire resistance, can simplify the work at the construction site, and can obtain a building panel that is friendly to the environment and the human body.

That is, since the refractory building material is attached to the building panel in advance, the independent work of attaching the refractory building material at the construction site can be omitted. And since this fire-resistant building material contains a stucco layer and is attached with this stucco layer facing up, the stucco layer plays a role of a finishing material. For this reason, the independent finishing material mounting work at the construction site can be omitted. Therefore, on-site work is simplified. At the same time, with the omission of on-site work, the amount of waste generated at the construction site can be reduced.

Further, since the plaster itself has tackiness, it is not necessary to use an adhesive when integrating the fireproof layer and the plaster layer. Stucco does not contain volatile substances that emit a pungent odor. Therefore, no unpleasant irritating odor is generated immediately after the completion of the building or in summer.

Further, since the plaster has a humidity control action, the indoor plaster layer is attached to the interior of the room to control the humidity of the room by the plaster layer. Therefore, a comfortable living space with little change in humidity and temperature can be realized without using an air-conditioning machine, and environmental protection by energy saving and saving of electricity bills can be achieved.

And, since plaster also has fire resistance,
An architectural panel capable of reliably exhibiting fire resistance can be obtained.

The configuration of the part other than the fire-resistant building material in the building panel is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for building a building frame.

The refractory building material may be attached to only one panel surface of the building panel, or may be attached to both panel surfaces.

The structure of the fire-resistant layer is not particularly limited as long as it has fire-resistant performance. For example, various materials conventionally used as fire-resistant building materials, such as gypsum board, inorganic fiber board, cement board, etc., can be used.

The plaster forming the plaster layer may have a known structure.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the building panel according to the fourth aspect, the refractory layer is formed to include an inorganic fiber material.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed to include the inorganic fiber material, the refractory layer becomes sticky. As a result, a fire-resistant building material capable of bearing the structural strength is obtained, so that the strength of the entire building panel is increased. Therefore, a strong building panel can be obtained.

Further, since the material contained in the refractory layer is an inorganic fiber material, the refractory performance of the refractory layer is maintained.

The type of the inorganic fiber material is not particularly limited, and asbestos, mineral wool, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, etc.
Various inorganic fibers may be used.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the building panel according to the fifth aspect, the refractory layer is made of cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed of the cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material, a refractory building material capable of bearing the structural strength can be realized simply and inexpensively. Therefore, a durable building panel having fire resistance can be formed easily and inexpensively.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the building panel according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, the building panel includes a rectangular frame and a surface material attached to the frame. Is made of the refractory building material.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the face material forming the building panel is a fire-resistant building material, the weight and cost of the building panel can be reduced. That is, since the base material of the fire-resistant building material is omitted, the building panel becomes lighter. Further, the cost is reduced by the amount of the base material.

Further, when a fire-resistant building material containing an inorganic fiber material is used, a building panel usable as a load-bearing wall can be obtained because the fire-resistant building material has a high strength.

[0038]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a refractory building material according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a fire-resistant building material 10 is formed by laminating a stucco layer 14 on a plate-shaped fire-resistant layer 12 and integrating them together.

Here, the refractory layer 12 is made of cement mixed with an inorganic fiber material (not shown) in the form of a plate having a thickness of 8 mm. The refractory layer 12 is responsible for the main refractory capacity and proof strength of the refractory building material 10.

The type of the inorganic fiber material to be mixed is not particularly limited, and various types of inorganic fiber materials can be used in consideration of availability. For example, it is conceivable to use ceramic fibers, glass fibers, asbestos, mineral wool, and the like. Further, gypsum or other refractory materials can be used instead of cement. The inorganic fiber material can be omitted.

The stucco layer 14 is formed by uniformly applying a stucco on the refractory layer 12 to a thickness of about 1.0 mm. Since the stucco itself has an adhesive force, the stucco layer 14 and the refractory layer 12 can be easily integrated without using an adhesive.

The thicknesses of the refractory layer 12 and the plaster layer 14 can be arbitrarily changed as required.

The refractory building material 10 having such a configuration is as follows.
It has the following functions and effects.

That is, since the stucco layer 14 plays a role of a surface finishing material, the stucco layer 14 is mounted facing the interior of the room, so that a finishing process such as application of wallpaper at a construction site can be omitted. Therefore, work on the construction site is simplified. At the same time, since the generation of cuttings and the like of the wallpaper is prevented, the amount of waste generated due to the construction work is reduced.

Stucco has the property of absorbing moisture when humidity is high and releasing moisture when humidity is low. Therefore, the fire-resistant building material 10 is provided with humidity control performance.
Therefore, by using such a fire-resistant building material 10 with the stucco layer 14 facing the indoor side, a comfortable living space with small changes in humidity and temperature can be realized.

Further, since an adhesive containing a volatile substance emitting an irritating odor is not used, generation of an irritating odor due to the fire-resistant building material 10 is prevented.

Further, since the refractory layer 12 contains an inorganic fiber material, proof toughness occurs. For this reason, it becomes possible to make the refractory building material 10 bear the structural strength.

Next, FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view showing an example of a building panel according to the present invention.

In the figure, a building panel 20 is formed by attaching face materials 32 to both panel surfaces of a rectangular frame 22.

The frame 22 includes a pair of vertical members 24 and a pair of horizontal members 2.
6 are assembled in a rectangular shape, and the vertical reinforcements 28 and the horizontal reinforcements 30 are assembled in a lattice shape inside. Each member forming the frame 22 is formed of a woody material such as a square timber or a laminated timber.

The face material 32 is made of the fire-resistant building material 10 shown in FIG. 1, and is attached with the stucco layer 14 facing up. Fixing hardware such as nails (not shown) is used for attachment.

One of the two face members 32 may be made of plywood or an iron plate, or may be omitted. In addition, a base material such as plywood may be provided between the face material 32 and the frame 22. Furthermore, frame 2
2 may have another configuration.

As described above, since the building panel 20 is provided with the refractory building material 10 in advance, the work of attaching the refractory building material 10 at the construction site can be omitted, and the work on site can be further simplified.

The face material 32 is made of the refractory building material 10,
Since the base material is omitted, the building panel 20 is not required.
Can be reduced in weight and cost.

Further, since the refractory building material 10 is durable because the refractory layer 12 contains an inorganic fiber material, the building panel 20 having the face material 32 made of the refractory building material 10 is used.
Can be used as load-bearing walls.

When the inorganic fiber material is not contained in the refractory layer 12, the building panel 20 can be used only in a portion where the proof strength is not required. However, even in this case, if a base material for the base is separately provided under the surface material 32 and the base material for the base can bear the structural strength, the refractory layer 1 is required.
Even if the inorganic fiber material is not included in 2, it can be used as a bearing wall.

[0059]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the fire-resistant building material is formed by previously integrating the fire-resistant layer and the plaster layer, the work at the construction site is simplified. It is possible to obtain a fire-resistant building material that is friendly to the environment and the human body.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed by including the inorganic fiber material, it is possible to obtain a refractory building material which can bear structural strength.

Since the material contained in the refractory layer is an inorganic fiber material, the refractory performance of the refractory layer is maintained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed of cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material, a refractory building material capable of bearing structural strength can be realized simply and inexpensively.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a fire-resistant building material having a fire-resistant layer and a plaster layer on a panel surface of a building panel is provided.
Since the stucco layer is attached in a face-up state, it is excellent in fire resistance, can simplify the work at the construction site, and can obtain a building panel that is friendly to the environment and the human body.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed by including the inorganic fiber material, the strength of the refractory building material is enhanced, and a durable building panel can be obtained.

Further, since the material contained in the fire-resistant layer is an inorganic fiber material, the fire-resistant performance of the fire-resistant layer is maintained.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the refractory layer is formed of cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material, a refractory building material capable of bearing structural strength can be realized simply and inexpensively. Therefore, a durable building panel having fire resistance can be formed easily and inexpensively.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the face material forming the building panel is a fire-resistant building material, the weight and cost of the building panel can be reduced.

Further, when a fire-resistant building material containing an inorganic fiber material is used, a building panel usable as a load-bearing wall can be obtained because the fire-resistant building material has a high strength.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a fire-resistant building material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a building panel according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fire-resistant building material 12 Fire-resistant layer 14 Plaster layer 20 Architectural panel 22 Frame 32 Surface material

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shigeru Akimoto 2-4-5 Takaido Higashi, Suginami-ku, Tokyo Misawa Homes Co., Ltd.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A fireproof layer comprising a plate-like fireproof layer having fireproof performance, and a stucco layer formed on the fireproof layer, wherein the fireproof layer and the stucco layer are integrally formed in advance. Refractory building materials. 2. The refractory building material according to claim 1, wherein the refractory layer includes an inorganic fiber material. 3. The refractory building material according to claim 2, wherein the refractory layer is made of cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material. 4. A building panel in which a plurality of sheets are joined to form a building frame, comprising: a fire-resistant building material previously attached to at least one panel surface; wherein the fire-resistant building material has a plate-shaped fire-resistant layer having fire-resistant performance; A building panel, wherein a stucco layer formed on the fireproof layer is integrally formed in advance, and the stucco layer is attached with the stucco layer facing up. 5. The building panel according to claim 4, wherein the refractory layer is formed including an inorganic fiber material. 6. The building panel according to claim 5, wherein the refractory layer is made of cement mixed with the inorganic fiber material. 7. The building panel according to any one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising: a rectangular frame, and a surface material attached to the frame, wherein the surface material is formed from the refractory building material. A building panel characterized by becoming.