JP2007039915A - Fireproof structure of wooden building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily form a fireproof structure, which is equipped with an excellent radiation and heat-insulating function and fireproof performance, by enabling an aluminum layer to be provided between gypsum boards for being doubly lap-stuck, by smooth work with good constructibility. <P>SOLUTION: This fireproof structure 10 of a wooden building comprises: a wood-based substrate 11 which is composed of a wood-based material; the first gypsum board 12 which is mounted on the indoor side of the wood-based substrate 11; a glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer, which is mounted on the indoor side of the board 12; and the second gypsum board 13 which is mounted on the indoor side of the sheet 14. The sheet 14 is composed of a glass fiber sheet 17, at least one side of which is coated with aluminum foil 16. The sheet 14 has, for example, a weight of 130-170 g/m<SP>2</SP>and a thickness of 0.13-0.17 mm, and the thickness of the aluminum foil is in the range of 0.01-0.03 mm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fireproof structure of a wooden building, and more particularly to a fireproof structure of a wooden building in which the fireproof performance of a planar portion such as a wall or ceiling in the wooden building is improved.

  When providing fireproof performance to planar parts such as walls and ceilings in wooden buildings, frame members made of wooden materials, load bearing faces, etc. constituting these planar parts are used as wooden foundations. A method of attaching a gypsum board having a predetermined thickness so as to cover the inner surface is generally adopted. The gypsum board consumes heat energy because the crystal water contained in the gypsum board changes into water vapor due to the heat at the time of the fire, so it becomes possible to stop the fire for a certain period of time. Therefore, by appropriately adjusting the thickness of the gypsum board, the gypsum board can function as a fireproof coating layer to obtain desired fire resistance performance.

In addition, in order to give a fireproof performance equivalent to a building using an iron (steel) base material to a wooden building using a wooden base material, for example, the fireproof function of the fireproof coating layer with gypsum board is improved. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the gypsum board or to increase the number of gypsum boards stacked. For this reason, problems such as a decrease in living space due to an increase in wall thickness, an increase in the weight of the building, and an increase in construction costs have arisen, so that a predetermined thickness is placed between the double plaster boards. The technology that made it possible to reduce the thickness of the fire-resistant coating layer by the gypsum board by reducing the heat transmitted to the gypsum board and the wooden substrate on the base side by the radiation insulation function of this aluminum sheet. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
JP 2004-263448 A JP 2004-360444 A

However, according to the fireproof structure of a wooden building formed by sandwiching an aluminum sheet between the above-described double-layered gypsum boards, the “fireproof performance” in the building standard law can be satisfied. Thus, as the aluminum sheet, a sheet having a thickness of 0.05 mm or more is used, and its workability is inferior. That is, an aluminum sheet having a thickness of 0.05 mm or more is not only distributed in a large amount as a building material, but also has a density of 2.7 g / cm ³ or more. Since the sheet material is a so-called aluminum foil-like sheet material, wrinkles are likely to occur when it is attached over a wide range while continuously covering the flat wall surface of the gypsum board, which is inconvenient to handle. In addition, since the aluminum sheet having a thickness of 0.05 mm or more is strong, it is liable to cause an adverse effect such as cutting a finger by touching its edge during work.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such a conventional problem, and it is possible to provide an aluminum layer by a smooth work with good workability between gypsum boards that are double-layered, It aims at providing the fireproof structure of the wooden building which can form easily the fireproof structure provided with the radiation heat insulation function and fireproof performance equivalent to the case where the aluminum sheet of 0.05 mm or more is inserted | pinched.

  The present invention is a wood substrate made of a wood material, a first gypsum board attached to the indoor side of the wooden substrate, a glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer attached to the indoor side of the first gypsum board, A fireproof structure of a wooden building including a second gypsum board attached to the indoor side of the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer, wherein the glass fiber sheet with the aluminum layer is covered with an aluminum foil at least one surface The above object is achieved by providing a fireproof structure for a wooden building made of glass fiber sheets.

Moreover, according to the fireproof structure of the wooden building of the present invention, the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer preferably has a weight of 130 to 170 g / m ² and a thickness of 0.13 to 0.17 mm.

  Furthermore, according to the fireproof structure of the wooden building of the present invention, it is preferable that the thickness of the aluminum foil of the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer is 0.01 to 0.03 mm.

  According to the fireproof structure of a wooden building of the present invention, it is possible to provide an aluminum layer by a smooth work with good workability between double-layered gypsum boards, and an aluminum sheet of 0.05 mm or more It is possible to easily form a fireproof structure having a radiation heat insulation function and fireproof performance equivalent to the case of sandwiching.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a fireproof structure 10 for a wooden building according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is one in which the present invention is applied to a partition wall 15 of a building by a wooden frame construction method, for example. That is, for example, a pillar 11a or a pillar 11b made of a wood material is attached to the partition wall 15 in an upright state, and the frame structure 11 of the wall is formed together with a base and a beam (not shown) arranged vertically. In this first embodiment, the formed frame structure 11 is used as a wood base, and the interior side surfaces of both sides of the frame structure 11 are respectively covered, and gypsum boards 12 and 13 and a glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer to be described later are installed. The fireproof structure 10 is provided.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment includes a skeleton structure 11 as a wooden base made of a timber material, and a first structure attached to the indoor side of the skeleton structure 11. Fire resistance including 1 gypsum board 12, glass fiber sheet 14 with aluminum layer attached to the indoor side of first gypsum board 12, and second gypsum board 13 attached to the indoor side of glass fiber sheet 14 with aluminum layer As shown in FIG. 2B, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer is a glass fiber sheet in which at least one surface (one surface in the first embodiment) is covered with an aluminum foil 16, as shown in FIG. It consists of 17.

  As the first gypsum board 12 constituting the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment, for example, a reinforced gypsum board (GB-S, JIS A 6913) can be preferably used. It is preferable that the first gypsum board 12 has a thickness of 15 mm or more (thickness of 15 mm in the first embodiment) in that the desired fire resistance can be obtained efficiently. Moreover, the 1st gypsum board 12 is fixed to the frame structure 11 using the nail (JIS A 5508) for gypsum boards, for example.

  Furthermore, the first gypsum board 12 contains crystal water, and when heat at the time of fire is transmitted from the indoor side through the glass fiber sheet 14 with the aluminum layer, the crystal water becomes water vapor and the temperature rises. By inhibiting the transfer of heat, the frame structure 11 is protected from the heat transmitted from the indoor side. In addition, when the 1st gypsum board 12 cannot cover the frame structure 11 with one piece, it connects with the end surfaces of a plurality of gypsum boards abutting, forming the joint part 12a (refer FIG. 1). It is attached in the state of letting it.

  As the second gypsum board 13 constituting the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment, for example, a reinforced gypsum board (GB-S, JIS A 6913) is preferably used, like the first gypsum board 12. it can. It is preferable that the second gypsum board 13 has a thickness of 21 mm or more (thickness 21 mm in the first embodiment) in that the desired fire resistance can be efficiently obtained. The second gypsum board 13 is fixed to the framework structure 11 using, for example, a gypsum board nail (JIS A 5508). Furthermore, the second gypsum board 13 can be struck against the first gypsum board 12 using staples, nails or the like, whereby the first gypsum board 12, the glass fiber sheet 14 with the aluminum layer, and the second gypsum board 3 Adhesion with is improved.

  And since the 2nd gypsum board 13 is arrange | positioned in the indoor side of the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer is not exposed to a flame directly from the indoor side at the time of a fire, and an aluminum layer It is possible to sufficiently exhibit the radiation heat insulating function. That is, the second gypsum board 13 not only changes the crystal water into water vapor and delays the transfer of heat to the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer, but also protects the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer from a flame and radiates it. It will play a role of fully exerting the heat insulating function. In addition, when the 2nd gypsum board 13 cannot cover the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer by one sheet, the end faces of a plurality of gypsum boards are abutted like the first gypsum board 12, The joints 13a (see FIG. 1) are attached in a connected state while being formed.

  The glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer constituting the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment is a glass fiber sheet 17 having one surface covered with an aluminum foil 16 as shown in FIG. Can use, for example, an aluminum glass cloth which is a nonflammable designated exterior material such as an air passage in the common specifications for mechanical equipment construction of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

  The glass fiber sheet 17 of the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer 14 is a non-combustible sheet material made of, for example, a glass fiber nonwoven fabric, and a material that conforms to JIS standards (JIS R 3414) can be used. By using the glass fiber sheet 17 as a laminated element of the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer not only has excellent nonflammability, but also strength, dimensional stability, electrical insulation, and corrosion resistance. In addition, it is a good sheet material in terms of chemical resistance.

  The aluminum foil 16 of the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer contains all of the pure aluminum metal or its alloy. Aluminum has high radiation insulation performance among metals (emissivity of about 0.04 to 0.08), effectively reflects the radiant heat in the event of a fire, and effectively transfers heat transmitted to the frame structure 11. Can be reduced to Aluminum is an incombustible material and has a lower melting point than iron or copper, but the second gypsum board 13 is disposed on the indoor side of the glass fiber sheet 14 with the aluminum layer, so that the aluminum foil 16 is used. The aluminum layer is not directly exposed to the flame from the indoor side, and the radiation heat insulating function can be exhibited for a relatively long time. Furthermore, by using the aluminum foil 16 as a laminated element of the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer is not only excellent in nonflammability, but also has good strength and dimensional stability. It becomes.

Here, in this 1st Embodiment, the aluminum foil 16 can use what conforms to a JIS standard (JIS H4160), for example, The thickness is 0.01-0.03 mm (weight is 27-). 82 g / m ² ). When the thickness of the aluminum foil 16 is 0.01 mm or more, it can be integrated with the glass fiber sheet 17 to exhibit a sufficient fire resistance and effectively exhibit a desired radiation heat insulating function. It becomes possible. Moreover, when the thickness of the aluminum foil 16 is 0.03 mm or less, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer is excellent in flexibility and workability even when it is integrated with the glass fiber sheet 17. It becomes possible to form.

Moreover, it is preferable that the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer which consists of the glass fiber sheet 17 and the aluminum foil 16 sets the weight to 130-170 g / m < ² >, and sets thickness to 0.13-0.17 mm. As a result, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer is light in weight and has appropriate flexibility, and is easily broken by scissors and a cutter in addition to being hard to tear, difficult to tear, and difficult to tear due to the presence of the glass fiber sheet 17. It is possible to form a sheet material that can be cut, is easy to handle, and has excellent workability. According to the first embodiment, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer has a weight of 150 g / m ² and a thickness of 0.15 mm.

  In addition, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer provided with the above-mentioned structure pressure-bonds the aluminum foil 16 to the surface of the glass fiber sheet 17, preferably using an acrylic emulsion or the like as an adhesive in a factory or the like. Thus, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer in which the aluminum foil 16 and the glass fiber sheet 17 are integrated is easily formed as a sheet material wound in a roll shape having a width of about 1.0 m and a length of about 30 m, for example. Will be.

According to the first embodiment, the hollow part inside the wall sandwiched by the first gypsum board 12 attached to both sides of the framework structure 11 is further filled with the part partitioned by the pillars 11a, the intermediate pillars 11b, etc. For example, a glass wool heat insulating plate having a thickness of 100 mm and a density of about 16 kg / m ³ is installed as the heat insulating material 18, and thereby the heat insulating function is given to the partition wall 15.

  According to the first embodiment, after the heat insulating material 18 is arranged on the part of the framework structure 11 that is partitioned by the base, the beam, the pillar 11a, the interposition pillar 11b, etc., the first gypsum board 12 is replaced with the nail for the plaster board. The frame structure 11 is fixed by being driven from both sides of the room toward the frame structure 11. Moreover, the aluminum foil-coated glass fiber sheet 14 is preferably laminated on the indoor side surface of the fixed first gypsum board 12 by using, for example, staples, and the aluminum foil 16 is preferably laminated on the indoor side while the end portions are overlaid as necessary. Place and paste in. Further, the second gypsum board 13 is driven into the indoor surface of the glass fiber sheet 14 with the aluminum layer that has been pasted, and nails for gypsum board are driven into the framework structure 11 from the indoor sides of both sides, thereby providing the framework structure 11. The fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment is formed by driving staples, nails and the like onto the first gypsum board 12 from the indoor side of the second gypsum board 13 as necessary. In addition, an interior finishing material or the like is appropriately attached to the surface of the attached second gypsum board 13.

  And according to the fireproof structure 10 of the wooden building of the first embodiment, it is possible to provide an aluminum layer between the gypsum boards 12 and 13 that are double-layered by smooth work with good workability. Thus, it is possible to easily form a fireproof structure having the same radiation heat insulation function and fireproof performance as when an aluminum sheet of 0.05 mm or more is sandwiched.

  That is, according to the first embodiment, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer that is sandwiched between the first gypsum board 12 and the second gypsum board 13 to form an aluminum layer has a thickness of 0.05 mm or more. In place of the aluminum sheet, an aluminum foil 16 having a thickness of less than 0.05 mm, preferably 0.01 to 0.03 mm, and non-flammable glass having excellent strength, dimensional stability, etc. Since an integrated fiber sheet 17 is used, even if the aluminum foil 16 is thin, combined with the incombustibility of the glass fiber sheet 17, it exhibits fire resistance equal to or better than an aluminum sheet having a thickness of 0.05 mm or more. In addition, the aluminum foil 16 can effectively exhibit the radiation heat insulating function. As a result, the thickness of the gypsum boards 12 and 13 for forming a fireproof coating layer that gives a strong fireproof performance to the partition wall 15 is kept thin as in the case of sandwiching an aluminum sheet of 0.05 mm or more. Is possible.

Further, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer in which the aluminum foil 16 and the glass fiber sheet 17 are integrated can be easily manufactured as a sheet material having a considerable area in a factory or the like, and has an appropriate flexibility. In addition, for example, the weight is about 130 to 170 g / m ² and it is lightweight and excellent in strength and dimensional stability. Therefore, compared with an aluminum wheel-like aluminum sheet having a thickness of 0.05 mm or more, 1 It is excellent in handleability and workability at the time of application to the gypsum board 12, and efficient application work becomes possible. Furthermore, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer is preferably thin with a thickness of 0.13 to 0.17 mm, and is sandwiched and integrated between the first gypsum board 12 and the second gypsum board 13. The edge of the sheet material is formed in a state where the aluminum foil 16 and the glass fiber sheet 17 are overlapped, so that the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer is formed during the work. Even if it contacts with the 14 edge part, a finger | toe is not cut and it becomes possible to construct more safely.

  In addition, in order to verify the fire resistance of the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment, the partition wall specimen A having the same fireproof structure as the fireproof structure 10 described above, and the glass fiber with an aluminum layer of the fireproof structure 10 described above. In place of the sheet 14, a partition wall specimen B having a fire-resistant structure using an aluminum sheet having a thickness of 0.05 mm is used for 60 minutes according to the IS0834 standard heating curve in the fire-resistant furnace of the Better Living Tsukuba Laboratory. As a result of performing and comparing the non-loading heating experiment, the test body A according to the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment has a fireproof performance equal to or higher than that of the test body B using the aluminum sheet having a thickness of 0.05 mm. It turned out to be equipped.

  FIG. 3 shows a fireproof structure 20 of a wooden building according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. According to the second embodiment, the ceiling portion 21 is fireproofed as a planar portion of the wooden building. A structure 20 is provided. That is, according to the second embodiment, the frame structure 22 of the ceiling portion 21 is attached to the suspension tree 23 suspended from a joist, a beam, a suspension tree receiver, etc. (not shown), and the tip of the suspension tree 23. The field edge receiver 24, the field edge 25 attached to the field edge receiver 24 at a predetermined interval, and the like, with the frame structure 22 as a wooden base, the lower surface of the field edge 25 on the indoor side, Similarly to the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment, the first gypsum board 12, the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer, and the second gypsum board 13 are sequentially attached to the lower surface side, whereby the fireproof structure 20 of the ceiling portion 21 is obtained. Will be provided.

  Also by the fireproof structure 20 of the second embodiment, at least one surface was covered with the aluminum foil 16 as the glass fiber sheet 14 with an aluminum layer sandwiched between the first gypsum board 12 and the second gypsum board 13. By using the glass fiber sheet 17, the same effects as the fireproof structure 10 of the first embodiment are exhibited. As described above, the fireproof structure of the present invention is not limited to the partition wall, but can be applied to various planar portions in a wooden building such as a floor portion in addition to an outer wall and a ceiling portion.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made. For example, the wood substrate to which the first gypsum board is attached does not necessarily have a frame structure such as a pillar, a stud, and a field edge. For example, a load bearing surface material made of plywood or the like is arranged on the frame structure, and this load bearing surface material is used. The 1st gypsum board can also be attached using as a wooden base. Further, the wooden building provided with the fireproof structure may be a wooden building by a variety of other construction methods such as a frame wall construction method in addition to a construction by a wooden frame construction method. Furthermore, it is not always necessary to provide a heat insulating material inside the wall where the fireproof structure is provided.

It is a partial notch perspective view explaining the structure of the partition wall provided with the fireproof structure which concerns on preferable 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the partition wall provided with the fireproof structure according to the preferred first embodiment of the present invention, (b) illustrates the configuration of the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer, (a) FIG. It is a partially notched perspective view explaining the structure of the ceiling part in which the fireproof structure which concerns on preferable 2nd Embodiment of this invention was provided.

Explanation of symbols

10, 20 Fire-resistant structure of wooden building 11, 22 Frame structure (woody base)
11a pillar 11b stud 12 first gypsum board 13 second gypsum board 14 glass fiber sheet 15 with aluminum layer partition wall 16 aluminum foil 17 glass fiber sheet 18 heat insulating material 21 ceiling part 23 hanging tree 24 field edge receiver 25 field edge

Claims (3)

A wood substrate made of wood material;
A first gypsum board attached to the indoor side of the wood substrate;
A glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer attached to the indoor side of the first gypsum board;
A fireproof structure of a wooden building including a second gypsum board attached to the indoor side of the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer,
The said glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer is a fireproof structure of the wooden building which consists of a glass fiber sheet with which at least one surface was covered with the aluminum foil. ^2. The fireproof structure for a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer has a weight of 130 to 170 g / m ² and a thickness of 0.13 to 0.17 mm. The fireproof structure of a wooden building according to claim 2, wherein a thickness of the aluminum foil of the glass fiber sheet with an aluminum layer is 0.01 to 0.03 mm.

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